LAMPIRAN A

PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA

Perhitungan neraca massa pada prarancangan pabrik hidrogen peroksida

dari ethyl antraquinone seperti dibawah ini:
Basis perhitungan : 1 jam operasi
Satuan : kg/jam
Waktu operasi : 300 hari/tahun
Jam operasi : 24 jam/hari
Kapasitas produksi : 75.000 Ton/tahun
75.000 ton 1000 kg 1 tahun 1 hari
Produksi kg/jam : 1 tahun
x 1 ton
x 300 hari x 24 jam

: 12.400,51 kg/jam

Tabel A.1 Spesifikasi Bahan Baku dan Produk

Komponen Komposisi Berat Molekul
Fraksi Massa (%) (kg/kmol)
Bahan Baku
1. Ethyl Antraquinone
 Ethyl Antraquinone 99,98 236,30
(EAQ)
 Ethyl 240,30
Antrahidroquinone 0,02
(EAQ)
2. Hidrogen 100 2,02
3. Udara
 Oksigen 23,29 32,00

 Nitrogen 76,71 28,01

LA-1
 Produk
1. Hidrogen Peroksida
 Hidrogen Peroksida 81,50 34,02
 Air 18,50 18,02
2. Ethyl Antraquinone
 Ethyl Antraquinone 99,97 236,30
(EAQ)
 Ethyl 0,03 240,30

Antrahidroquinone
(EAHQ)

Kapasitas produksi perjam = 12.400,51 kg/jam

Berat molekul rata-rata
Mol produk
= (% Komposisi × BM H2O2) + (% Komposisi ×
BM H2O)
= (0,815 x 34,02 kg/kmol) +(0,185 x 18,02kg/kmol)
= 31,0549 kg/kmol
Kapasitas produksi perjam
= BM rata-rata produk

12.400,51 kg/jam
=
31,0549 kg/kmol

= 335,4271 kmol/jam
Mol H2O2 = 335,4271 kmol/jam × 81,50%
= 297,0979 kmol/jam
H2O2 yang terbentuk = 297,0979 kmol/jam x 34,02 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
Mol Produk H2O = 335,4271 kmol/jam × 18,50%
= 127,38 Kmol/jam
Massa H2O = 127,38 Kmol/jam × 18,02 Kg/Kmol
= 2.294,75 Kg/jam

LA-2
 LA-3

NERACA MASSA DI REAKTOR (PFR-101)

401A
XO2 = 0,21 402A
XN2 = 0,79 XH2 O2 = ?
XN2 = ?
300A PFR-101
XEAHQ = ?
XEAHQ = 0,2035
XEAQ = ?
XEAQ = 0,7965

Reaksi Oksidasi :
EAQH + O2 H2O2 + EAQ

Basis mol produk H2O2 : 297,0979 kmol/jam

Konversi : 95%

Alir 402A
Mol H2O2
N402A
H2 O2 =297,0979 kmol/jam
Massa Hidrogen peroksida memilki tingkat kelarutan 90% dengan air sehingga
hidrogen peroksida banyak terikut ke distilasi produk atas.
Mol hidrogen peroksida terikut =( 100%-90% )x 297,0979 kmol/jam
= 29,70979 kmol/jam
N402A
H2 O2 = 29,70979 kmol/jam + 328,05 kmol/jam
= 328,05 kmol/jam
Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2
= 328,05 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 11.158,56 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N402A
EAQ = N300A
EAQ

= 1.215,21 kmol/jam + 328,05 kmol/jam

= 1.525,17 kmol/jam
 LA-4

Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ

= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N402A
EAHQ = N300A
EAHQ – 0,95 r = 310,3993 – 0,95(328,05)
= 0,4394 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
Mol N2
N402A
N2 = N401A
N2 = 1.166,04 kmol/jam

Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1.166,04 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 32.664,28 kg/jam

Mol total (N402A)= 328,05 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam

+ 1.166,04 kmol/jam
= 3.019,70 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N402A
H2 O2 328,05
H2O2 = 402A = 3.019,70 =0,1086
N

N402A
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = = 3.019,70 =0,5051
N402A

N402A
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = 3.019,70 =0,0001
N402A

N402A
N2 1.166,94
N2 = 402A = 3.019,70 =0,3861
N
 LA-5

Alir 401A
Mol O2
1 mol produk
N401A
O2 =( 1 )× konversi
1 297,0979 kmol/jam
= ( 1 )× 95%

= 310,4 kmol/jam
Massa O2 = Mol O2 × BM O2
= 310,4 kmol/jam × 32 kg/kmol
= 9.918,72 kg/jam

Mol N2
0,79
N401A
N2 =
0,21
× 310,4 kmol/jam = 1.166,04 kmol/jam

Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1.166,04 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 32.664,28 kg/jam
Mol total (N401 A)= 310,4 kmol/jam + 1.166,04 kmol/jam = 1.476 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N401A
O2 310,4
O2 = = 1.476 =0,21
N401A

N401A
N2 1.166,94
N2 = = =0,79
N401A 1.476

Alir 300A
Mol EAQ
1 mol produk
N300A
EAQ = =( 1 )×
konversi
1 297,0979 kmol/jam
=( 1 )×
95%

= 310,4 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 310,4 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 287.154,88 kg/jam
 LA-6

Mol EAHQ
N300A
EAHQ = 310,4 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 310,4 kmol/jam × 238,2700kg/kmol
= 74.588,96 kg/jam
Mol total (N300A)= 1.215, 2132 kmol/jam + 310,4 kmol/jam = 1.525,61 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N300A
EAQ 1.215,21
EAQ = = 1.525,61 =0,7965
N300A

N300A
EAHQ 310,40
EAHQ = 300A = 1.525,61 =0,2035
N

Tabel LA.3 Neraca Massa Reaktor (PFR-101)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 401A Alir 300A Alir 402A
Ethyl Antraquinone - 287.154,88 360.398,43
Hidrogen - - -
Ethyl Antrahidroquinone - 74.588,96 105,59
Oksigen 9.918,72 - -
Nitrogen 32.664,28 - 32.664,28
H 2O 2 - - 11.158,56
Total 404.326,84 404.326,84
 LA-7

Gambar LA.2 Neraca Massa Keluaran Reaktor Oksidasi (PFR-102)

NERACA MASSA DI REAKTOR (PFR-100)

102A
X H2 =1
200A 300A
XEAQ = 0,9998 XEAHQ = ?
PFR-100
XEAHQ = 0,0002 XEAQ = ?
V-101

800-DA
Rasio Recycle 4:1
XEAQ = ?
XEAHQ = ?

Reaksi Hidrogenasi:
EAQ + H2 EAHQ
 LA-8

Basis mol reaktan di reaksi kedua : 310,4 kmol/jam

Karena reaktan di reaksi kedua merupakan produk di reaksi pertama
Konversi : 99,3%

Alir 300A
Mol EAHQ
N300A
EAHQ =310,4 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 310,4 kmol/jam × 238,2700kg/kmol
= 74.588,96 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N300A
EAQ = 310,4 kmol/jam
= 312,63 kmol/jam – 310,4 kmol/jam + 1.215,21 kmol/jam
= 1.215, 2132 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.215, 2132 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 287.154,88 kg/jam

Mol total (N300A)= 1.215, 2132 kmol/jam + 310,4 kmol/jam = 1.525,61 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N300A
EAQ 1.215,21
EAQ = 300A = 1.525,61 =0,7965
N

N300A
EAHQ 310,40
EAHQ = = 1.525,61 =0,2035
N300A
 LA-9

Alir 102A
Mol H2
1 mol produk
N102A
H2 = (1 )× konversi
1 310,4 kmol/jam
= ( )×
1 99,5%

= 312,63 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 312,63 kmol/jam × 2,01568 kg/kmol
= 630,26 kg/jam

Alir 203A
Mol EAQ
1 mol produk
N203A
EAQ = (1 )× konversi
1 310,4 kmol/jam
= ( 1 )× 99,5%

= 312,63 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 312,63 kmol/jam jam × 2360,2700 kg/kmol = 361.029,35 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N203A
EAHQ = 0,35 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 0,35 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol
= 84,23 kg/jam
Mol total (N203A)= 1.527,84 kmol/jam + 0,35 kmol/jam = 1528,19 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N203A
EAQ 1.527,84
EAQ = = 1.528,19 =0,9997
N203A

N203A
EAHQ 0,35
EAHQ = 203A = 1.528,19 =0,0008
N
 LA-10

N800-DA = 4/1 × 1.519 kmol/jam = 1.215,21 kmol/jam

Tabel LA.2 Neraca Massa Reaktor (PFR-100)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 102A Alir 203A Alir 300A
Ethyl Antraquinone - 361.029,35 287.154,88
Hidrogen 630,26 - -
Ethyl Antrahidroquinone - 84,23 74.588,96
Oksigen - - -
H 2O 2 - - -
Total 361.743,84 361.743,84

Gambar LA.1 Neraca Massa Keluaran Reaktor Hidrogenasi (PFR-100)

 LA-11

NERACA MASSA DI SEPARATOR (V-103)

404A
XH2 O2 = 0,1086
402B
XN2 = 0,3861
XH2 O2 = 0,1086
XN2 = 0,3861 V-103 404B
XEAHQ = 0,0001 XH2 O2 = 0,1629
XEAQ = 0,5051 XN2 = 0,0009
XEAHQ = 0,0002
XEAQ = 0,8360

Neraca Total di Separator

Input = Output
N402B = N404A + N404B
3.019,70 kmol/jam = N404A + N404B

Neraca Komponen
Alir 402A
Mol H2O2
N402B
H2 O2 = 328,05 kmol/jam
Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2
= 328,05 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 11.158,56 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N402B
EAQ = 1.525,17 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N402B
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam
 LA-12

Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ

= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
Mol N2
N402B
N2 = 1.166,04 kmol/jam
Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1.166,04 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 32.664,28 kg/jam

Mol total (N402B)= 328,05 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam

+ 1.166,04 kmol/jam
= 3.019,70 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N402A
H2 O2 328,05
H2O2 = 402A = 3.019,70 =0,1086
N

N402A
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = = 3.019,70 =0,5051
N402A

N402A
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = 3.019,70 =0,0001
N402A

N402A
N2 1.166,94
N2 = 402A = 3.019,70 =0,3861
N

Alir 404A
Sebanyak 9,4% H2O2 menjadi vapor dan semua vapor menjadi top product,
sehingga :
Mol H2O2
9,4 9,4
N404A
H2 O2 =100 N402B
H2 O2 = 100 × 328,05 kmol/jam = 30,9512 kmol/jam

Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2

= 30,9512 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 1.052,80 kg/jam
Mol N2
N404A
N2 = 1.166,04 kmol/jam
 LA-13

Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1.166,04 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 32.618,06kg/jam
Mol total (N404A)= 30,9512kmol/jam + 1.166,04 kmol/jam
= 1.195,34 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N404A
H2 O2 30,9512
H2O2 = = =0,0259
N404A 1.195,34

N404A
N2 1.166,04
N2 = = 1.195,34 = 0,9741
N404A

Alir 404B
Mol H2O2
(100-9,4) 90,6
N404B
H2 O2 = 100
N402B
H2 O2 = 100
× 328,05 kmol/jam

= 297,09 kmol/jam

Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2

= 297,0979 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N404B
EAQ = N402B
EAQ = 1.525,17 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N404B
EAHQ = N402B
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
Mol N2
N402A
N2 = 1,65 kmol/jam
Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
 LA-14

= 1,65 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol

= 46,22 kg/jam
Mol total (N404B)= 297,0979 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam
+ 1,65 kmol/jam
= 1.824,36 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N404B
H2 O2 297,09
H2O2 = 404B = 1.824,36 =0,1629
N

N404B
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = 404B = =0,8360
N 1.824,36

N404B
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = 1.824,36 =0,0002
N404B

N402A
N2 1,65
N2 = = 1.824,36 =0,0009
N402A

Tabel LA.4 Neraca Massa di Separator (V-103)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 402B Alir 404A Alir 404B
Ethyl Antraquinone 360.398,43 - 360.398,43
Hidrogen - - -
Ethyl 105,59 - 105,57
Antrahidroquinone
Oksigen - - -
Nitrogen 32.664,28 32.618,06 46,22
H 2O 2 11.158,56 1.052,80 10.105,76
Total 404.326,84 404.326,84
 LA-15

Gambar LA.3 Neraca Massa Keluaran Top Product Separator (V-103)

Gambar LA.4 Neraca Massa Keluaran Bottom Product Separator (V-103)

NERACA MASSA EKTRAKTOR (T-100)

600 601A
XH2 O = 1 XH2 O = 0,0022
XN2 = 0,0011
404B XEAHQ = 0,0003
XH2 O2 = 0,1629 T-100 XEAQ = 0,9964
XN2 = 0,0009
 LA-16

Neraca Total di Ekstraktor

Input = Output
N404B + N600 = N601A + N405A =M
1.824,36 kmol/jam + N600 = N601A + N405A =M

Neraca Komponen di Ekstraktor

Alir 404B
Mol H2O2
N404B
H2 O2 = 297,09 kmol/jam
Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2
= 297,0979 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N404B
EAQ = 1.525,17 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N404B
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
 LA-17

Mol N2
N402A
N2 = 1,65 kmol/jam
Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1,65 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 46,22 kg/jam
Mol total (N404B)= 297,0979 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam
+ 1,65 kmol/jam
= 1.824,36 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N404B
H2 O2 297,09
H2O2 = = =0,1629
N404B 1.824,36

N404B
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = = 1.824,36 =0,8360
N404B

N404B
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = 1.824,36 =0,0002
N404B

N402A
N2 1,65
N2 = = 1.824,36 =0,0009
N402A

Alir 600
Untuk mengekstrak H2O2 dari pengotornya dibutuhkan air dengan perbandingan
2,3 : 1 untuk air, sehingga :
Mol H2O
2,3 2,3
N600
H2 O = 1
× N404B
H2 O2 = 1
× 297,0979 kmol/jam = 683,21 kmol/jam

Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O

= 683,21 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 12.308,14 kg/jam
N600 = 683,21 kmol/jam

Alir 405A
Sebanyak 0,5% air tidak mampu mengekstrak H2O2, sehingga sisa 99,5%
merupakan produk yang mengekstrak H2O2 secara keseluruhan.
 LA-18

Mol H2O
(100-0,5) 99,5
N405A
H2 O = × N600
H2 O = × 683,21 kmol/jam = 673,81 kmol/jam
1 1

Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O

= 673,81 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 12.246,92 kg/jam
Mol H2O2
N405A
H2 O2 = N404B
H2 O2 = 297,0979 kmol/jam
Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2
= 297,0979 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
N405A = 673,81 kmol/jam + 297,0979 kmol/jam = 976,91 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N405A
H2 O2 297,0979
H2O2 = 405A = 976,91
=0,3041
N

N405A
H2 673,81
H2O = = 976,91 =0,6959
N405A

Input = Output
N404B + N600 = N601A + N405A =M
1.824,36 kmol/jam + 683,21 kmol/jam = N601A + 976,91 kmol/jam = M
N601A = 1.531 kmol/jam

Alir 601A
Mol H2O
(0,5) 0,5
N601A
H2 O = × N601A
H2 O = × 683,21 kmol/jam = 3,3986 kmol/jam
1 1

Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O

= 3,3986 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 61,23 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
 LA-19

N601A
EAQ = N404BA
EAQ = 1.525,17 kmol/jam

Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ

= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N601A
EAHQ = N404B
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam

Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ

= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
Mol N2
N601A
N2 = N402A
N2 = 1,65 kmol/jam
Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1,65 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 46,22 kg/jam
Mol total (N601A)= 3,3986 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam
+ 1,65 kmol/jam
= 1.530,66 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N601A
H2 3,3986
H2O = = 1.530,66 =0,0022
N601A

N601A
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = = 1.530,66 =0,9964
N601A

N601A
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = 601A = 1.539,66 =0,0003
N

N601A
N2 1,65
N2 = = 1.530,66 =0,0011
N601A

Tabel LA.5 Neraca Massa Ekstraktor (T-100)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 404B Alir 600 Alir 601A Alir 405A
Ethyl Antraquinone 360.398,29 - 360.398,29 -
Hidrogen - - - -
 LA-20

Ethyl Antrahidroquinone 105,57 - 105,57 -

Oksigen - - -
Nitrogen 46,22 - 46,22 -
H 2O 2 10.105,76 - - 10.105,76
H 2O - 12.308,14 61,23 12.246,91
Total 382.963,98 382.963,98

Gambar LA.5 Neraca Massa Keluaran Bottom Product Ekstraktor (T-100)

 LA-21

Gambar LA.6 Neraca Massa Keluaran Top Product Ekstraktor (T-100)

NERACA MASSA DISTILASI (T-102)

800B
XH2 O = 0,3
XN2 = 0,1454
601A
XEAQ = 0,5546
XH2 O = 0,0022
XN2 = 0,0011
XEAHQ = 0,0003
XEAQ = 0,9964
800A
XEAHQ = 0,0003
XEAQ = 0,9997

Tekanan pada “enriching section” : 1,8 atm

Tekanan pada Feed : 1,8 atm
Tekanan pada Reboiler : 1,8 atm
 LA-22

untuk fraksi antifoam EAQ dan EAHQ akan langsung turun menjadi “bottom
product”

FEED (F)
Menentukan T dari Feed
Massa dari Feed distilasi yang masuk ke kolom distilasi ini diperoleh dari massa
yang keluar dari “ekstraksi” sehingga suhu dapat dilakukan dengan trial suhu dari
feed. Hal ini disebabkan karena komposisi dari feednya sudah benar
Kondisi operasi :P =1.368 mmHg
t trial = 72,91 ℃
T = (273+72,91) = 345,91 K
Pi B
ki = dimana ln Psat =A-[ ]
Po (C+T)

Tabel LA.6 Konstanta Antoine

Komponen Boiling Point A B C
H2O 373 K 8,07131 1.730,63 233,426
H2O2 423 K 7,96917 1.886,76 268,56
EAQ 688,55 K 8,49022 3.820,73 301,228
EAHQ 711,75 K 8,50224 4.021,74 324,229
N2 77,35 K 3,502 0,593 -

Light key (N2)

0,593
ln Pi = 3,502 - [0+345,91] = 3,50029

Pi = 33,1249
33,1249 mmHg
Ki = 1.368 mmHg
= 0,0242
 LA-23

Heavy Key (EAHQ)

4.021,74
ln Pi = 8,50224 - [324,229+345,91] = 2,50089

Pi = 12,1933
12,1933 mmHg
Kc = 1.368 mmHg
= 0,008913
K 0,0242
∝ = Ki = = 2,715
c 0,008913
∝x
yi = ∑ ∝i xi
i i

yi = komposisi uap

Umpan (Alur 601A) Distilat (Alur 800B) Bottom (Alur 800A)

F (kg) N (kmol) Xi F (kg) N (kmol) Yi F (kg) N (kmol) Xi

H 2O
61,22682102 3,39863889 2,22E-03 61,2268 3,39864 0,3 0 0 0

EAQ
360398,2941 1525,17262 0,99641626 1484,52 6,28236 0,55455 358914 1518,89 0,99971

EAHQ
105,5684062 0,4393192 2,87E-04 0 0 0 105,568 0,43915 2,89E-04

N2
46,15204654 1,64752243 1,08E-03 46,152 1,64752 0,14543 0 0 0
Titik didih umpan masuk :
Titik diidh umpan masuk : dew point
Dew point distilat (800B)
T = 72,91℃ = 345,91 K
P = 1,8 atm = 1.368 mmHg

Tabel LA.7 Perhitungan Dew Point

Kompone
n yi Pa ki yi/ki i yi/ i xi
0,3000030
H 2O
3 161,425744 0,1180 2,54237 0,73368 0,40890 0,03871
0,5545531
EAQ
3 13,278921 0,0098 57,1303 0,06035 9,18858 0,86985
EAHQ 0 12,193317 0,0089 0 0,05542 0 0
N2 0,1454293 33,124914 0,0242 6,00597 0,15055 0,96597 0,09145
Kc 0,1608 Σyi/ai 10,5635 1
 LA-24

yi
αi
Syarat Σxi = yi =1 (Geankoplis, 1997)
∑ ( αi )

sehingga dew point trial benar 72,91℃.

Bubble point bottom (800A)

T = 414℃ = 687 K
P = 1,8 atm = 1.368 mmHg

Tabel LA.8 Perhitungan Bubble Point

Komponen xi Pa ki i i xi yi
H 2O 0 488,3640207 0,356991 0,682334 0 0
EAQ 0,9997 101,8984351 0,074487 0,142371 0,14233 0,999738
EAHQ 0,00028 92,31056942 0,067478 0,128975 3,73E-05 0,000262
N2 0 33,1531199 0,024235 0,046321 0 0
Kc 0,523192 Σ aixi 0,142367 1
∝i x i
Syarat Σyi = ∑ = 1 (Geankoplis, 1997)
(∝i xi )

sehingga bubblw point trial benar 414℃.

Refluks Minimum Distilat (RDM)

∝i xdi ∝i xfi
RDM + 1 =∑ ai- ϕ
;1–q =∑ ai- ϕ
(Geankoplis, 1997)

Umpan masuk adalah cairan pada titik didihnya maka q = 1

∝i xdi
Sehingga : ∑ =0
ai- ϕ

Suhu yang digunakan pada perhitungan adalah suhu relatif

T = Tdew+Tbuble / 2 = 516,46 K
Trial nilai
= 14
Tabel LA.9 Perhitungan
Komponen xfeed i xfeed/ i-
H2O 2,22E-03 0,726577277 -0,000121542
EAQ 0,99641626 0,103803308 -0,007443138
EAHQ 2,87E-04 0,093996489 -1,94004E-06
N2 1,08E-03 0,075622925 -5,84562E-06
 LA-25

Σ -0,007572465

∝i xdi
Oleh karena ∑ ai- ϕ
mendekati nol, maka trial = 14 benar.

Menghitung Rd
Tabel LA.10 Perhitungan
Komponen xdis=ydis ki i i.xdis/ i -
H2O 0,3000 0,23278 0,72658 -0,0164
EAQ 0,55455 0,03326 0,1038 -0,0041
EAHQ 0 0,03011 0,094 0
N2 0,14543 0,02423 0,07562 -0,0008
Σ -0,0214

∝i xdi
RDM + 1 =∑
ai- ϕ

RDM + 1 = -0,0214
RDM = -(-0,0214 – 1)
RDM = 1,0214
RD = 1,5 × 1,0214 = 1,5321

Asumsi distribusi produk distilat dan bottom

1. N2 (Light Key) dioverhead = 0,1454
2. EAHQ (Heavy Key) di bottom = 0,0003 Feed
 N2 (Light Key)
n distilat = 0,1454 × kmol N2 = 0,1454 × 1,6500 = 0,23991
n bottom = 0,× kmol N2 = 0,3 × 1,6500 =0
 EAHQ (Heavy Key)
n distilat = 0 × kmol EAHQ = 0 × 0,4393 = 0
n bottom = 0,0003 × kmol H2O2= 0,0003 × 0,4393= 0,00013

Neraca Total
Input = Output
N601A = N800A + N800B
 LA-26

1.530,66kmol/hr = N800A + N800B

Neraca Komponen :
Alir 601A
Mol H2O
N601A
H2 O = 3,3986 kmol/jam
Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O
= 3,3986 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 61,23 kg/jam
Mol EAQ
N601A
EAQ = 1.525,17 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.525,17 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 360.398,43 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N601A
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam
Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ
= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
Mol N2
N601A
N2 = 1,65 kmol/jam
Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1,65 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 46,22 kg/jam
Mol total (N601A)= 3,3986 kmol/jam + 1.525,17 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam
+ 1,65 kmol/jam
= 1.530,66 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N601A
H2 3,3986
H2O = = 1.530,66 =0,0022
N601A

N601A
EAQ 1.525,17
EAQ = = 1.530,66 =0,9964
N601A
 LA-27

N601A
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = =0,0003
N601A 1.539,66

N601A
N2 1,65
N2 = = =0,0011
N601A 1.530,66

Alir 800A
Tidak ada air di Bottom Product karena Bottom Product ini akan menjadi recycle
sehingga harus terbebas dari air, sementara Ethyl Antraquinone (EAQ) hanya
99,59% yang didapat.
Mol EAQ
99,59 99,59
N800A
EAQ = 100
× N601A
EAQ = 100
× 1.525,17 kmol/jam

= 1.518,89 kmol/jam
Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ
= 1.525,89 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol
= 358.913,77 kg/jam
Mol EAHQ
N800A
EAHQ = N601A
EAHQ = 0,4394 kmol/jam

Massa EAHQ = Mol EAHQ × BM EAHQ

= 0,4394 kmol/jam × 238,2700 kg/kmol = 105,59 kg/jam
N800A = 1.525,89 kmol/jam +0,4394 kmol/jam
= 1.519,33 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N800A
EAQ 1.518,89
EAQ = = 1.519,33 =0,9997
N800A

N800A
EAHQ 0,4393
EAHQ = = 1.519,33 =0,0003
N800A

N601A = N800A + N800B

1.530,66kmol/hr = 1.519,33 + N800B
N800B = 11,33 kmol/hr
 LA-28

Alir 800B
Mol EAQ
0,41 0,41
N800B
EAQ = × N601A
EAQ = × 6,28 kmol/jam
100 100

= 6,28 kmol/jam

Massa EAQ = Mol EAQ × BM EAQ

= 6,28 kmol/jam × 236,2700 kg/kmol = 358.913,77 kg/jam
Mol H2O
N800B
H2 O = N601A
H2 O = 3,3986 kmol/jam

Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O

= 3,3986 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 61,23 kg/jam
Mol N2
N800B
N2 = N601A
N2 = 1,65 kmol/jam

Massa N2 = Mol N2 × BM N2
= 1,65 kmol/jam × 28,013 kg/kmol
= 46,22 kg/jam
Mol total (N800B)= 6,28 kmol/jam +3,3986 kmol/jam + 0,4393 kmol/jam
+ 1,65 kmol/jam
= 11,33 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N800B
H2 3,3986
H2O = = =0,3000
N800B 11,33

N800B
EAQ 6,28
EAQ = = 11,33 =0,5546
N800B

N800B
N2 1,65
N2 = 800B = 11,33 =0,1454
N

Refluks Rasio = 4 : 1
Neraca Massa di Kondensor
 LA-29

L/D =R
L =R×D = 4 × 11,33 kmol/jam = 45,32 kmol/jam
V = D(R+1) = 11,33 (4 +1) = 56,65 kmol/jam
Vi = V . yvi = 56,65 kmol/jam ×0,35 = 19,83 kmol/jam
Li = L . xLi = 45,32 kmol/jam × 0,35 = 15,86 kmol/jam
Di = D. xDi = 11,33 kmol/jam × 0,35 = 3,97 kmol/jam
Karena kondensasi total, maka yv = xD =xL
Tabel LA.11 Neraca Massa Kondensor
Komposisi V(kmol/jam) L (kmol/jam) D (kmol/jam)
H2O 5,67 4,53 1,13
N2 31,16 24,93 6,23
EAQ 19,83 15,86 3,97
Total 56,65 45,32 11,33
Komposisi V (kg/jam) L (kg/jam) D (kg/jam)
H2O 101,7 81,54 20,34
N2 872,48 698,04 174,44
EAQ 4.683,23 3.747,24 937,99
Total 5.657,41 4.526,82 1.132,77

Neraca Massa di Reboiler

Pada t = 414 ℃, jumlah uap yang dihasilkan reboiler dapat dihitung dengan cara
trial dan error dengan persamaan berikut :
Trial L = 95%
V = 5%
zi = xi (L + V. Ki)
L = 1 – V dan ∑ zi =1

Tabel LA.12 Perhitungan

Komposisi kmol xi Ki zi yi
EAQ 1.518,89 0,9997 0,086 0,9540 0,3048
 LA-30

EAHQ 0,44 0,0003 0,078 0,0046 0,6952

Total 1 1
Karena ∑ zi = 1, maka trial L = 95% dan V = 5% benar
Jumlah mol produk bawah = 1.519 kmol/jam
5%
Jumlah mol produk uap = × 1.519 kmol/hr = 79,95 kmol/jam
95 %

Tabel LA.13 Neraca Massa Reboiler

Komposisi Masuk (kmol) Keluar
Uap Liquid
EAQ 1.518,89 79,95 17,93
EAHQ 0,44 339,73 340,67
Total 1.519 358,6
Komposisi Masuk (kg) Keluar (kg)
Uap Liquid
EAQ 358.913,77 18.889,79 76.244,33
EAHQ 105,57 80.947,47 81.171,44
Total 360.611,24 99.837,26 157.415,77

Tabel LA.14 Akumulasi Neraca Massa di Distilasi (T-102)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 601A Alir 800A Alir 800B
Ethyl Antraquinone 360.398,29 358.913,77 1.484,52
Hidrogen - - -
Ethyl 105,57 105,57 -
Antrahidroquinone
Oksigen - - -
Nitrogen 46,22 - 46,22
H 2O 2 - - -
H 2O 61,23 61,23
Total 360.611,24 360.611,24
 LA-31

Hasil produk bawah (bottom) Distilasi (T-102) merupakan produk yang

akan direcycle ke Reaktor Hidrogenasi dengan rasio sebanyak 4:1.

Gambar LA.7 Neraca Massa Keluaran Bottom Product Distilasi (T-102)

 LA-32

Gambar LA.8 Neraca Massa Keluaran Top Product Distilasi (T-102)

 LA-33

NERACA MASSA DISTILASI (T-101)

501A
405A XH2 O = 1
XH2 O = 0,6959
XH2 O2 = 0,3041

501B
XH2 O = 0,3000
XH2 O2 = 0,7000

Menghitung Jumlah Stage Minimum untuk Distilasi (T-101)

Metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah plate minimum adalah
Metode Fenske (Winkle,1967)

x x
log ( LK Distilat xHK Distilat )( HK Bottom xLK Bottom )
Nm =
log (∝l,av )

Dimana :
XLK Distilat = Xd Light Key H2O pada Distilat =1
XHK Distilat = Xd Heavy Key H2O2 pada Distilat = 0
XHK Bottom = Xb Heavy Key H2O2 pada Bottom = 0,7
XLK Bottom = Xb Light Key H2O pada Bottom = 0,3
∝L,avg = rata-rata∝ light key H2O pada distilat dan Bottom = 0,0824
Nm =0,368 /0,0824 = 4,467
Jumlah tray teorits 4,467-1 = 3,467 atau 4
 LA-34

Neraca Total
Input = Output
N405A = N501A + N501B
976,91 kmol/jam = N501A + N501B

Alir 405A
Mol H2O
N405A
H2 O = 673,81 kmol/jam
Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O
= 673,81 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol
= 12.246,92 kg/jam
Mol H2O2
N405A
H2 O2 = 297,0979 kmol/jam
Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2
= 297,0979 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
N405A = 673,81 kmol/jam + 297,0979 kmol/jam = 976,91 kmol/jam

Fraksi mol
N405A
H2 O2 297,0979
H2O2 = 405A = =0,3041
N 976,91

N405A
H2 673,81
H2O = = 976,91 =0,6959
N405A

Diharapkan kemurnian H2O2 adalah 70% .

Alir 501B
Mol H2O
30 30
N501B
H2 O = 70 × N405A
H2 O2 = × 297,0979 kmol/jam = 127,38 kmol/jam
70

Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O

= 127,38 kmol/jam × 18,0151 kg/kmol = 2.294,75 kg/jam
 LA-35

Mol H2O2
N501B
H2 O2 = N405A
H2 O2 = 297,0979 kmol/jam

Massa H2O2 = Mol H2O2 × BM H2O2

= 297,0979 kmol/jam × 34,0149 kg/kmol
= 10.105,76 kg/jam
N405A total = 127,38 kmol/jam + 297,0979 kmol/jam = 424,48 kmol/jam
Fraksi mol
N501B
H2 O2 297,0979
H2O2 = = = 0,7000
N501B 424,48

N501B
H2 127,38
H2O = = 424,48 = 0,3000
N501B

N405A = N501A + N501B

976,91 kmol/jam = N501A + 424,48 kmol/jam
N501A = 552,44 kmol/jam

Alir 501A
Mol H2O
N501A
H2 O =N405A 501B
H2 O - NH2 O = 673,81 kmol/jam - 127,38 kmol/jam

= 552,44 kmol/jam
Massa H2O = Mol H2O × BM H2O
= 552,44 kmol/jam× 18,0151 kg/kmol = 9.952,26 kg/jam
 LA-36

Tabel LA.15 Akumulasi Neraca Massa di Distilasi (T-101)

Komponen Masuk (kg/jam) Keluar (kg/jam)
Alir 405A Alir 501A Alir 501B
Ethyl Antraquinone - -
Hidrogen - -
Ethyl - -
Antrahidroquinone
Oksigen - -
Nitrogen - -
H 2O 2 10.105,76 - 10.105,76
H 2O 12.246,92 9.952,26 2.294,75
Total 22.352,7 22.352,7

Hasil produk bawah (bottom) Distilasi (T-101) merupakan produk yang

siap dijual dengan kemurnian 70% didapat 12.400,51 kg/jam.
12.400,51 kg/jam ×24 jam/hari ×300 hari/tahun×100kg/ton = 89.283,67
ton/tahun sehingga sesuai dengan yang diharapkan.
 LA-37

Gambar LA.9 Neraca Massa Keluaran Bottom Product Distilasi (T-101)

Gambar LA.10 Neraca Massa Keluaran Top Product Distilasi (T-101)

 LA-38

Maka yang akan direcycle sebanyak 65.077,30024 kg/jam, sehingga

Mol (kmol/jam) Massa (kg/jam)
Komponen Fresh Feed Recycle Fresh Feed Recycle
EAQ 37,23 275,4011824 3386,20223 65077,30024
Total 312,63 361.029,35
EAHQ 14,44601382 14,38805597 3471,377165 3457,449894