Casing Depth no.

Determine the minimum setting depth for 20" casing to allow drilling ahead with 0.5 ppf
mud and 100 psi MAASP and seabed depths of :

1) 300'
2) 1000'
3) 3000'

Drill with Seawater :

Flowline 70' AMSL
seabed 0.65 ppf
Seawater 0.445 ppf

CSG_DES6.DOC
Answers Setting Depth 1

1) 300 * 0.445 + Dshoe * 0.65 = (370 + Dshoe) * 0.5 + 100

min depth = 1380'

2) 1000 * 0.445 + Dshoe * 0.65 = (1070 + Dshoe) * 0.5 + 100

min depth = 2337'

3) 3000 * 0.445 + Dshoe * 0.65 = (3070 + Dshoe) * 0.5 + 100

min depth = 5070'

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Casing Depth no. 2

1) Draw a pressure/depth diagram to indicate MAASP and Pshoe max for casing at 400',
FSG = 0.8 ppf, mud wt = 0.5 ppf

2) Determine from the graph mentioned in 1) the depth it would be safe to drill with 0.5
ppf mud, assuming that : FSGmax = 0.63 ppf below 4000'
gas (0.1 ppf) influx 600' on bottom must be allowed for
50 psi SF below MAASP if well closed in

3) Draw a diagram to determine the equivalent depth as in 2) if 0.58 ppf mud is used to
drill the hole.

4) Casing at 4500', 20' above gas zone with 2105 psi, determine graphically the mud
gradient to provide a minimum static overbalance of 80 psi; considering the gas gradient
of 0.08 ppf, determine from the diagram the static overbalance on the bottom of the gas
at 5800'

Note :

Use millimetre paper and the following scales :

1), 2), 3) vertical 1 cm = 500'
horizontal 1 cm = 500 psi
4) vertical 1 cm = 250'
horizontal 1 cm = 250 psi

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Casing Depth no. 3

A well is prognosed to penetrate a gas bearing reservoir at 8000'. The GWC in the
reservoir is at 10000', the gas pressure gradient is 0.08 ppf. The well will be drilled in a
water depth of 2000'. The FSG = 0.7 ppf

If the well is drilled with mud of 0.5 ppf what is the minimum casing depth in order to
prevent formation breakdown when closing in the well, after penetration of the gas
bearing reservoirs. The formation water pressure gradient is 0.45 ppf.

CSG_DES6.DOC
Answers Casing Depth 3

Overburden by water = 2000 * 0.44 = 880 psi | Ptop gas =

Formation water pressure to GWC = 8000 * 0.45 = 3600 psi | 880 + 3600 - 160
HHgas = 2000 * 0.08 = 160 psi | = 4320 psi

BHP = 8000 * 0.5 = 4000 psi is 320 psi under balance

Pshoe max = (2000 * 0.44) + (Dshoe - 2000) * 0.7 = -520 + 0.7 * Dshoe
Pwell @ shoe = 4320 -(8000 - Dshoe) * 0.5 = 320 + 0.5 * Dshoe

Dshoe = 4200' (this assumes no influx enters the well)

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Casing Depth no. 4

On a offshore rig the 30" conductor has to be set at such a depth that it is possible to
continue to drill with viscous water of 0.48 ppf. Water depth = 2000'.

RT 70' above MSL

FL 60' above MSL
Seaw grad 0.455 ppf
FSG 0.6 ppf

Establish :

1) The minimum required setting depth of the conductor

After the conductor is set, it is decided to drill ahead with a 26" bit to 4000' BDF, where
20" casing will be set. Cement the 20" casing with Pozmix cement, slurry of 14.55 ppg.

2) The maximum possible height of the cement in the annulus.

CSG_DES6.DOC
Answers Casing Depth 4

1) 0.6 * Dcond + 2000 * 0.455 = (60 + 2000 +. Dcond) * 0.48

Dcond = 657'

2) Cement = 14.55 * 0.0519 = 0.755 ppf

2000 * 0.455 + (4000 -2000 - 70) * 0.6 = Hcmt * 0.755 + (4000 - 10 - Hcmt) * 0.48

Hcmt = 555'

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Casing Depth no. 5

Jack up rig KK-6 is drilling in 300' water. The conductor is driven to refusal. This is 50'
into seabed. A 23" BHA is made up, the conductor cleaned out and the well spudded.
However, it is discovered that the conductor shoe was driven 1' into a 10' thick
formation of loose gravel. As this gravel formation causes severe losses, it is decided to
pull the drillstring out of the hole and to cut two large holes into the conductor 2' above
the seabed in order to reduce hydrostatic head. This job is performed with a remote
operated hydraulic cutter.

Drilling continues with Seawater and viscous pills with returns at seabed. At a depth of
3600' BDF it is decided to set the 18 5/8" casing. it is planned to run the casing to 3590'
BDF and to perform a stinger cementation.

During the planning phase of the cement job, there is some confusion about the cement
to be pumped. The cementer wants cement as high as possible to seabed, but the DSV
rejects and claims this is to dangerous. It is decided to check all calculations to make
sure that no aspect of the cementing job is overlooked.

DFE 60' above MSL

seaw grad 0.44 ppf
FSG 0.48 ppf from seabed to 59' below seabed
0.74 below this depth
casing 18 5/8", 87.5#, K-55, buttress
cement Pozmix 0.727 ppf
stinger 5" DP, 19.5#, E prem

Establish :

The basis of the DSV's concern and determine max height cement in annulus, taking all
aspects of the job into account.

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Answers Casing Depth 5

Considering 18 5/8" shoe and formation at 3600'

Pshoe max = 300 * 0.44 + 59 * 0.48 + (3600 - 419) * 0.74 = 2514 psi

Let D be the depth of TOC

2514 = (3600 - D) * 0.727 + (D - 60) * 0.44 => D = 268'

As the max TOC is at the holes at 358', there is no problem with cementing upto
seabed in this case

Considering conductor shoe and formation at 419'

Pmax 419' = 300 * 0.44 + 59 * 0.48 = 160 psi

Let D be the depth of TOC

160 = (419 - D) * 0.727 + (D - 60) * 0.44 => D = 412'

This is the max TOC as any cement above this point will be lost in the gravel
formation

Considering the casing collapse pressure

Pcollapse = 630 psi => Poutside = Pinside + 630

Hcmt * 0.727 + (3600 - 419 - Hcmt) * 0.44 = 3590 * 0.44 + 630 => Hcmt = 2824'

D = 3590 - 2824 =766'

Last value of D = 766' is the max TOC

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Casing Depth no. 6

Seaw depth 2200'

Flowline 70' above MSL
Wsw 0.445 ppf
Wform 0.7 ppf from mud line
MAASP 100 psi

Mud gradient is 0.56 ppf to continue drilling the 17 1/2" hole. A drive pipe is driven
185' below seabed.

Establish :

1) Minimum setting depth of 20" casing

2) Maximum cement height when you cement with returns at seabed (cmt grad 0.65 ppf)

CSG_DES6.DOC
Answers Casing Depth 6

1) Let D be the casing depth below seabed

0.7 * D + 2000 * 0.445 = 2270 * 0.56 + 0.56 * D + 100

D = 2801'

2) cmt < form : cement returns to seabed OK

Hcmt * 0.65 + (5071 - Hcmt) * 0.56 = 2801 * 0.7 + 2200 * 0.445

H = 1249' => max TOC = 5001 - 1249 = 3752' below MSL

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Casing Depth no. 7

30" conductor set at 400', drilling 26" below conductor with 0.5 ppf mud and 1100 gpm
from pump.

fs = 0.65 ppf

cutt = 1.0 ppf

Determine max allowable ROP so we don't break the formation

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Answers Casing Depth 7

26" hole = 27 58 gpf

1100 * (0.65 - 0.5) = 471 gpm (see DENB)

1.0 - 0.65

471 / 27.58 = 17.1 fpm

Max ROP when opening 26" from 12 1/4"

=  * (26^2 - 12.25^2) = 413" = 21.46 gpf

471 / 21.46 = 22 fpm

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Casing Depth no. 8

With casing set at 4500', to what depth can we drill with 0.495 ppf mud expecting a
pressure gradient of 0.651 ppf at some depth below 5000'. FSG = 0.75 ppf and we want
a 100 psi SF on the MAASP. We also want to be able to handle 500' of 0.1 ppf gas at
the casing shoe.

What if FSG = 0.86 ppf and the mud wt = 0.52 ppf

CSG_DES6.DOC
Answers Casing Depth 8

MAASP = 4500 * (0.75 - 0.495) - 100 = 1048 psi

Pshoe = 4500 * 0.75 - 100 = 3276 psi

Max depth : Dmax * 0.651 = 1048 + 0.1 * 500 + (Dmax - 500) * 0.495

Dmax = 5452'

For the same conditions but FSG = 0.86 ppf and mud wt = 0.52 ppf

MAASP = 4500 * (0.86 - 0.52) = 1430 psi

Max depth : Dmax * 0.651 = 1430 + 0.1 * 500 + (Dmax - 500) * 0.52

Dmax = 8931'

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