BARE AND FINNED TUBE HEAT EXCHANGER

AIM:

To analyze the performance of an existing finned tube Heat Exchanger.

OBJECTIVE:
To calculate overall heat transfer coefficient, logarithmic mean temperature difference
and effectiveness of finned tube heat exchanger.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

1.Circulating pump

2.Rotameter

3.Electrical Heater

4.Thermocouple

5.Bare heat exchanger

6.Finned heat exchanger

PROCEDURE:

a) Clean the apparatus and make water bath free from dust.
b) Close all the drain valves provided.
c) Fill water bath ¾ with clean water and ensure that no foreign particles are there.
d) Ensure that all ON/OFF switches given on the panel a read OFF position.
e) Now switch on the main power supply(220 V AC, 50 Hz).
f) Switch on heater by operating switch given on the panel.
g) Set temperature of the water bath with the help of digital temperature
controller.
h) Open flow control valve for hot water supply.
i) Switch on magnetic pump for hot water supply.
 j) Adjust hot water flow rate with the help of flow control valve provided
before rotameter.
k) Record the hot water flow rate with the help of rotameter
l) Recordthetemperaturesofhotandcoldfluidinlet&outletwhensteadystateis
achieved.
m) Take readings at different flow rates of hot water and cold air.

OBSERVATIONS:

System given : SS pipe with fins

Tube side fluid : Hot water.
Annular fluid : Cold Fluid stream.
Inner Tube : Dia25 mm, Length 500 m. Material SS.
Circular Fins : Dia 80 mm, 5 Nos. Material: SS.
Outer tube : Dia. 100 mm. Length 500 m. Material SS.

Data:
SS tube outside dia , do = mm
SS tube inner dia, di = mm
Tube length ,L = mm
Fin height, Y = mm
Fin thickness, X = mm
No. of fins, Nf =
ID of outer shell, Ds = mm

OBSERVATIONS TABLE:
 S.no T1(hi) T2(ho) T3(ci) T4(co)

Hot water inlet, (T1) = Thi

Hot water outlet, (T2) = Tho
Cold Fluid stream inlet, (T3) = Tci
Cold Fluid stream outlet (T4) = TCo

MODEL CALCULATIONS:

Hot fluid water mean temperature (Th) = T1 + T2/2

Cold fluid water mean temperature(Tc) = T3 + T4/2

From data book :

Thermal conductivity of copper fin material = 386.0 w/m◦c

Properties of water temperature T = ◦C

Density ρ = 1000 kg/m³

Specific heat Cp = J/kg◦C

Thermal conductivity k = w /m◦C

Hot fluid water mean temperature (Th) = T1 + T2/2

Cold fluid water mean temperature(Tc) = T3 + T4/2

* Total heat transfer area Af

Af = 2L(do+2NfY)

= m²
* The heat transfer rate

*Qh = Wh *Cph* (T2-T1)

*Qc = Wc *Cpc* (T4-T3)

Qavg = Qh + Qc /2

*Logarithmic mean temperature difference

LMTD = ∆T2-∆T1/ln(T2/T1)

*Overall heat transfer co-efficient

Q= U /A*LMTD

Use NTU method to determine the effectiveness of the heat exchanger

For shell side of the fluid

Cs = Wc * Cpc

For tube side of the fluid(hot water)

CT= Wh * Cph

Identify the minimum either

Dimensionless heat capacity ratio

CR = Cmin /Cmax

By NTU method

NTU = UA /C min
RESULT:

To determine the heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger U =

To determine the effectiveness of the heat exchanger є =