SECTION 3100 – MISCELLANEOUS WORKS

Page No.
3101 SCOPE 31-1
3102 PRECAST MEMBERS 31-1
3103 OPEN JOINT, FILLED JOINTS, BOARD FILLERS AND SHEET
PACKING 31-1
3104 WEARING COAT 31-2
3105 RAILINGS 31-3
3106 APPROACH SLAB 31-5
3107 DRAINAGE SPOUTS 31-6
3108 UTILITY FACILITIES 31-7
3109 WEEP HOLES 31-8
3110 FILTER MATERIALS 31-8
SECTION 3100 – MISCELLANEOUS WORKS

3101. SCOPE

This Section cover the works related to the construction of miscellaneous works
such as precast members, joints, wearing coat on drainage structure, railings,
approach slab, drainage spouts and weep holes. These miscellaneous works are to
be constructed in connection with the structures.

3102. PRECAST MEMBERS

(1) Materials

Concrete and reinforcement for precast members shall comply with Section
2000.

(2) Placing Pre-cast Member

Pre-cast concrete members shall be placed in the structure in conformance

with the Drawing and any special provisions for the structure to be
constructed. Extreme care shall be exercised in handling, storing and
erecting pre-cast reinforced or pre-stressed concrete members to avoid
twisting, racking or other distortion that would result in cracking or damage
to the members. Pre-cast members shall be handled, transported and erected
in an upright position and the points of support and directions of the
reactions with respect to the member shall be approximately the same as
when the member is in it's final position.

(3) Measurement
Depending upon the nature of works, pre-cast members shall be measured in
numbers, cubic meters or metric tonnes as specified in the Contract.
Reinforcement shall not be measured for payment.

(4) Payment
The quantities measured as provided above shall be paid at the contract unit
rate applicable for the particular type of work. The contract unit rate shall
be the full and the final payment to the Contractor as per Clause 112 to
complete the work as per these Specifications.

3103. OPEN JOINT, FILLED JOINTS, BOARD FILLERS AND SHEET

PACKING

(1) Open Joints

Open joints shall be constructed at the locations shown in the Drawing using
suitable stops, which are to be subsequently removed. When removing the
 material, care shall be exercised to avoid chipping or breaking the corners of
the concrete. The edges of the concrete, at the joints, shall be properly
finished. Reinforcement shall not extend across an open joint, unless
otherwise shown on the Drawing.

(2) Filled Joints

When pre-moulded joint filler or expanded polystyrene joint filler or other

type of joint filler is shown on the Drawing or specified, the filler shall be
placed in correct position before concrete is placed against the filler. Holes
and joints in the filler shall be filled with mastic to prevent the passage of:
mortar or concrete from one side of the joint to the other. The edges of the
concrete, at the joints, shall be properly finished. When shown on the
Drawing, water stops shall be placed. Unless otherwise specified the joint
filler shall have the prior approval of the Engineer.

(3) Board Fillers

Hardboard joint filler shall be minimum of 3mm thick and approved by the
Engineer. Expanded polystyrene board shall have a minimum flexural
strength of 0.25 N/sq.mm. and a compressive yjeld strength of 0.11
N/sq.mm. minimum and 0.28 N/sq.mm maximum at 5% compression.
Vertical faces of polystyrene against which concrete is to be placed shall be
faced with hardboard of 3mm minimum thickness or other equivalent
material. Other board fillers may be used with the approval of the Engineer.
All board fillers shall be held in place with nails, a waterproof adhesive or
other means approved by the Engineer.

(4) Sheet Packing

Asbestos sheet packing shall have the approval of the Engineer. It shall be
approximately 1.6 mm thick unless otherwise shown on the Drawing or
specified in the contract and shall be composed essentially of asbestos
firbres bound together with a cementing medium rendering it tough and
pliable. One side shall be coated with graphite. The deformation of the
packing under a load of 70 N/sq.mm shall not be more than 16% and the
loss on ignition shall not be more than 25%. When tested between planed
bronze plates under a load of 5 N/sq.mm the 3' packing shall show a static
coefficient of friction of less than 0.4 after 100 lateral movements at 6.5mm.

(5) Measurement
Open joints, filled joints, board fillers and sheet packing shall not be
measured separately.

(6) Payment
No separate payment for open joints, filled joints, board fillers and sheet
packing shall be made. The cost of such joints is deemed to be included in
the unit rate of the structures, where those joints are required to be formed.
3104. WEARING COAT

(1) Bituminous Wearing Coat

The wearing coat shall be the asphalt concrete/surface dressing and shall
comply with Section 1300.

(2) Cement Concrete Wearing Coat

Cement concrete wearing coat shall be provided in case of isolated drainage

structures constructed at those locations where the road is not being
asphalted or the drainage structures the, are not proposed to be asphalted. It
shall not be laid monolithic with the deck. Concrete shall comply with
Section 2000.

The thickness of wearing coat shall be 75 mm. The minimum grade of

concrete shall be M 30/20 with water cement ratio of 0.4.

Curing of wearing coat earlier than what is generally required may be

resorted to, so as to avoid formation of shrinkage cracks in hot weather.

All carriageway and footpaths surface shall have non-skid characteristics.

The cross slope in the deck shall be kept as 2.5 percent. For providing cross
camber no variation in thickness of wearing coat shall be permitted.

(3) Measurement

Wearing coat shall be measured as provided under respective sections of

these specifications.

(4) Payment

Wearing coat shall be paid as provided under respective sections of these

specifications.

3105. RAILINGS

(1) General

(a) Railing includes the portion of the structure erected on

and above the kerb or slab for the protection of pedestrians and traffic
as shown on the Drawing.
(b) Railings shall not be constructed until the false work for
the span has been released. For concrete with steel reinforcement,
specifications of the items of concrete and reinforcement mentioned
under relevant Sections of these Specifications shall be applicable.
 (c) Railing shall be carefully erected true to line and grade.
Posts shall be vertical with a tolerance not exceeding 0.2%. The
pockets left for posts shall be filled up with the concrete of the same
grade as the post.
(d) The type of railing to be constructed shall be as shown
on the Drawing.
(e) Expansion joint in the railings shall be maintained to
ensure proper functioning of the joint.
(f) Railing materials, particularly metal railings, shall be
handled and stored with care, so that the material and parts are kept
clean and free from damage. Railing materials shall be stored above
the ground on platforms, skids or other supports and kept free from
grease, dirt and other contaminants.

(2) Steel Railings

Materials, fabrication, transportation, erection and painting for railings shall

conform to the requirements of Section 2200.
All complete steel rail elements, pipe terminal sections, posts, bolts, nuts,
hardware and other steel fittings shall be galvanised or painted with an
approved paint as specified in the Contract.
If galvanised, all elements of the railing shall be free from abrasions, rough
or sharp edges, and r shall not be kinked, twisted or bent. If straightening is
necessary, it shall be done by methods approved by the Engineer.
Galvanising shall be carried out as per Clause 2209. Damaged galvanised
surfaces, edges of holes and ends of steel railing cut after galvanising shall
be cleaned and re-galvanised.
The railing shall be carefully adjusted prior to fixing in place to ensure
proper matching at abutting joints and correct alignment and camber
throughout their length. Holes for field connections shall be drilled with the
railing in place in the structure to the true grade and alignment.
Unless otherwise specified in the Drawing, metal railing shall be given one
shop coat of paint and three coats of paint after erection if sections are not
galvanised.
Steelwork which is to be cast or grouted into concrete shall be unpainted
and shall be cleaned of loose rust, scale, oil and other material which may
impair the bond between concrete and steel.
When shown on the Drawing, the rail elements shall be curved before
erection.

(3) Cast-in-Situ Concrete Railings

The portion of the railing or parapet, which is to be cast in place, shall be

constructed in accordance with the requirements of Section 2000.
 Forms shall either be of single width boards or shall be lined with suitable
material duly approved by the Engineer. Form joints in plane surfaces shall
not be permitted.
All mouldings, panel work and level strips shall be constructed according to
the details shown on the Drawing. All corners in the finished work shall be
true, sharp and clean-cut and shall be free from cracks, spalls or other
defects. Casting of posts shall be done in single pour.

(4) Pre-cast Concrete Railings

Pre-cast members for railings shall be of reinforced cement concrete and

shall conform to the specifications given in Section 2000. The maximum
size of the aggregate shall be limited to 12 mm and the concrete grade shall
be M30. The pre-cast members shall be removed from the moulds as soon
as practicable and shall be kept damp for a period of at least 10 days.
During this period they shall be protected from sun and wind. Any pre-cast
member that becomes chipped, marred or cracked before or during the
process of placing shall be rejected. Care shall be taken to watch the surface
of the cast-in-situ portion of the deck. Railing shall be erected to the true
line and grade with a tolerance not exceeding 0.2% in anyone pannel.

(5) GI Pipe Railing with RCC Posts

(a) GI Pipe

GI pipe shall comply with NS: 199/2046 (Heavy Duty).

All GI pipes shall be free from abrasions, rough or sharp edges, and
shall not be kinked, twisted or bent. Any pipe which does not meet the
requirements of the field Specifications shall be replaced at the
Contractor's expense.

(b) RCC Posts

The concrete grade and type of reinforcements for concrete posts shall
be as indicated in the Drawing. The specifications for concrete and
reinforcements shall be as provided under Section 2000.

(6) Measurement

Railings shall be measured in linear meter of railing installed and accepted.

Railing shall include both horizontal and vertical members, posts including bolts,
nuts, fittings etc.

(7) Payment

Railing, measured as provided above, shall be paid at the contract unit rate. The
contract unit rate shall be the full and the final payment to the Contractor as per
Clause 112 to complete the work as per these Specifications.
3106. APPROACH SLAB

(1) General

Reinforced concrete approach slab shall be provided at both ends of the

drainage structure as shown on the Drawing. The width, length and depth of
the slab shall be as shown on the Drawing. The minimum grade of concrete
for approach slab shall be M20/40.

The gap between the approach slab and superstructures shall be watertight
by filling the gap with approved joint filler. The type and thickness of the
base of approach slab shall be as shown on the Drawing and shall be
constructed as per the requirements of Section 1200. The concrete and
reinforcements shall conform to Section 2000.

(2) Measurement

Approach slab and its base shall be measured separately in cubic meters.

(3) Payment

The quantities measured as provided above shall be paid at the respective

contract unit rates. The contract unit rates shall be the full and the final
payment to the Contractor as per Clause 112 to complete the work as per
these Specifications.

3107. DRAINAGE SPOUTS

(1) Maintenance and General Requirements

Drainage along longitudinal direction shall be ensured by sufficient number

of drainage fixtures (spouts) embedded in the deck slab. The spouts shall be
of not less than 100 mm in diameter and shall be of heavy coated galvanised
steel with suitable clean out fixtures or as shown on the Drawing. Steel
components shall be of mild steel conforming to IS: 226. The spacing of
drainage spouts shall not exceed 3m and shall be in staggered pattern. The
discharge from drainage spout shall be kept away from the deck structure.
In case of viaducts in urban areas, the drainage spout shall be connected
with suitably located pipelines to discharge the surface run-off to drains
provided at ground level.

(2) Fabrication

The drainage assembly shall be fabricated to the dimensions shown on the

Drawing. The drainage assembly shall be seam welded for water tightness
and then hot-dip galvanised
 (3) Placement

The whole assembly shall be placed in true position, lines and levels as
shown on the Drawings with necessary cut-out in the shuttering for deck
slab and held in place firmly. Where the reinforcements of the deck are
required to be cut, equivalent reinforcements shall be placed at the corners
of the assembly.

The galvanised pipes of drainage spouts shall be extended beyond the

concrete/metallic beams/slabs in such a way that the water from the pipes
does not damage them.

(4) Finishing

After setting of the deck slab concrete, the shrinkage cracks around the
assembly shall be totally sealed with polysulphide sealant or bituminous
sealant as per 18:1834 and the excess sealant trimmed to receive the wearing
coat. After the wearing coat is completed, similar sealant shall be finished
to cover at least 50 mm on the wearing coat surface all round the drainage
assembly.

(5) Measurement

Drainage spouts shall not be measured separately. No deduction in concrete

volume shall be made for drainage spouts.

(6) Payment

Drainage spouts shall not be paid separately. The contract unit rate for
concrete shall be deemed to include costs for forming such spouts.

3108. UTILITY FACILITIES

(1) General

Utility facilities shall be carried in or on structures as shown on the Drawing

or described in the Contract. These facilities may be installed by the
authorities concerned or by the Contractor as described in the Contract or
indicated on the Drawing.

(2) Provision and Installation

Hangers, anchor bolt inserts, manhole frames and covers, sleeves and other
accessories required for such facilities, which must be cast in the concrete
shall be furnished by the respective authorities or the Contractor as
described in the contract and shall be installed by the Contractor in
accordance with the details shown on the Drawing or as directed by the
 Engineer. Utility facilities which require installation after the concrete has
been cast and before other construction is in place which would interfere
with it's installation, will be installed, either by the authorities concerned or
by the Contractor as directed by the Engineer at such times as the work is
ready for their installation. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer in
writing at least 30 days in advance of the proposed dates, that the work will
be ready for installation of ere accessories of utilities in the structure. The
Engineer, in turn, shall make necessary arrangements with the utility
authorities.

(3) Measurement

Unless otherwise provided in the Contract, utility facility shall not be

measured separately.

(4) Payment

Unless otherwise provided in the Contract, utility facility shall not be paid
separately. The cost of utility facility shall be deemed to be included in the
unit rates of different items of work of structure.

3109. WEEP HOLES

(1) Weep holes

Weep holes shall be provided in solid plain concrete/reinforced concrete,

brick/stone masonry, abutment, wing wall, return walls or other structures as
shown on the Drawing or as directed by the Engineer. Weep holes shall be
provided with 100mm dia polythene pipe for structures in plain/reinforced
concrete or brick masonry. In case of stone masonry, weep holes shall be
100 mm wide, 100 mm high or circular with 100 mm diameter. Weep holes
shall extend through the full width of concrete/masonry with a slope of 1
vertical 20 horizontal towards the draining face. The spacing of weep holes
shall generally be 1 m in either direction or as shown on the drawing with
the lowest at about 150 mm above the low water level or ground level
whichever is higher or as directed by the Engineer. Surfaces of the weep
holes shall be smooth and it shall be ensured that the water is properly
driven from the backfill.

(2) Measurement

Weep holes shall not be measured separately. No deduction in the volume of

structures shall be made for weep holes.

(3) Payment

Weep holes shall not be paid separately. The contract unit rate for
respective items shall be deemed to include costs for providing such holes.
3110. FILTER MATERIALS

(1) Materials

Filter materials shall be either gravel with geo-textile/geo-membrane or

appropriately graded sand/gravel material as shown on the Drawing or
directed by the Engineer.

Where geo-textile/geo-membrane is provided or shown on the Drawing, the

filter material shall consist of gravel. It shall conform to the grading limits
set out in Table 31.1.

Table 31.1: Filter Material Grading Limits

Sieve Size (mm) Percentage Passing by Wright

63 100
37.5 85-100
20 0-20
10 0-5
0.075 -

Geotextile shall comply with Section 600. Geomembrane shall comply with
Sub-clause 2404 (2).

Where no geotextile/geomembrane are provided or shown on the Drawing,

the grading curve required for sand/filter material shall be determined for
each site. Grading criteria requirement for both underlying and overlying
material shall be fulfilled. The criteria shall be as follows:

d15% filter d50% filter

b)
a) <5 <25
d85% subsoil d50% subsoil

d15% filter
b)
>5
d15% subsoil

Where, d15% designates the 15% size of the material (i.e. the size of the
sieve that allows 15% by weight of the material to pass through it).

Similarly, d50% and d85% designate the sizes of sieve that allow 50% and
85% respectively by weight of the material to pass through it.
(2) Construction

Surfaces receiving geo-textile/geo-membrane shall be free of loose or

extraneous materials and sharp objects. Geo-textile/Geo-membrane shall be
placed in accordance with the producer's instructions or as instructed by the
Engineer. The minimum overlapping shall be 450 mm. If jointed in
longitudinal direction by sewing or gluing, the joint shall have the same
strength as the fabric itself.

The filter material shall be compacted layer by layer to a minimum density

of 93% of the MDD (Heavy Compaction).

(3) Tests and Standard of Acceptance

Copies of manufacturer's certificate for geo-textile/geo-membrane to be

used shall be furnished by the Contractor. In addition, the Engineer may ask
for testing in independent laboratories. All test results shall meet the
specified requirements.

Minimum one set of test for gradation and compaction of filter material
shall be executed for every 50 cu.m. and every change in source of material.
The results shall meet the specified requirements.

(4) Measurement

Geo-textile/Geo-membrane shall be measured in square meter. Overlapping

shall not be measured for payment. Filter material shall be measured in
cubic meter. No separate measurement of geo-textile/geo-membrane and
filter material shall be done in case of sub- surface and drilled sub-surface
drains.

(5) Payment

Geo-textile/Geo-membrane and filter material measured as provided above

shall be paid the respective contract unit rates which shall be the full and the
final payment to the Contractor as per Clause 112 to complete the work as
per these Specifications.