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APPENDIX-X.1 : BLAST RESISTANCE DESIGN FOR WALL:

Option #1: Add Reinforce steel and fill wall cavities solid with concrete.

Total Thickness of C.M.U wall = 8 in.

Actual thickness of C.M.U wall, tw = 7.63 in. (NCMA, Table 3b)
Area, A = 7.63 in. 2
(NCMA, Table 3b)
Moment of Inertia, Ig = 36.9 in. 4

#4, rebar area= 0.2 in.2

rebar spacing = 8 in.

Calculate Bending Resistance

for dynamic flexure, (Appendix 5.A)

fy = 60 ksi
fdy = (SIF)(DIF)fy
= (1.1)(1.17)(60 ksi)
= 77.22 ksi
fdy = 532.41 Mpa

f'dm = (SIF)(DIF)f'm
= (1)(1.19)(1.5 ksi)
= 1.785 ksi
f'dm = 12.31 Mpa

As = (rebar area)*(unit width)/(rebar spacing)

= (0.2)(1)/(8)
As = 0.025 in.2

d= tw/2
= 3.81 in.

ρ = As/bd (ACI 318, Equation 10-3)

ρ = 0.0066 > 200/fdy, O.K.

a = As(fdy)/0.85(f'dm)(b) (as per UBC, Section 2108.2.1.2)

= 0.025*(77.22/(0.85*1.785*1)
= 1.272 in
Mp = Mn = As(fdy)[d-a/2] (as per UBC, Section 2108.2.1.2)
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= (0.025*77.22)*(3.81-(1.27/2))
= 6.13 k-in

Rb = 8 Mp / L
where, L= 120 in
Rb = (8 * 6.13) / 120= 0.41 kips (Table 6.1)
unit resistance,
Rb = (409 lb)/(120 in span)(1in width)
= 3.41 psi
= 23.49 kpa

Calculate Shear Resistance

for dynamic flexure, (Appendix 5.A)

f'dm = (SIF)(DIF)f'm
= (1)(1)(1.5 ksi)
= 1.5 ksi
f'dm = 10.34 Mpa
Area, A = 4.18
Vn = 2 A √(f'm) (UBC, Equation 8-35)/ACI 318 Eq. 11-3
= 323.78 lb
the critical section for shear is tw from the support,
Rs = Vn L / (0.5L-tw)
741.84 lb

unit resistance,
Rs = (742 lb)/(120 in span)(1in width)
= 6.18 psi
= 42.62 kpa

Compute SDOF Equivalent System

because Rb < Rs , bending controls
allowable response, θa = 0.75 (medium range) (Table 5.B.1)

masonry modulus of elasticity, (based on flexure)

Em = 750 f'dm
= 1338.75 ksi
= 9230.36 Mpa

masonry modulus of elasticity,

Es = 29000000 psi = 199948 Mpa

modular ratio,
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n = Es/Em
= 21.662 in.2

cracked moment of inertia,

n As = 0.54155 in.2

C = -n As + √[n As (nAs + 2bd)]

b
= -0.54 + √[0.54 (0.54 + 2(1)(3.81)]
1
= 1.56 in.

Icr = b C3/3 + n As (d-C)2

= [ (1)(1.56^3 ]/3 + [(0.54)(3.81 - 1.56)^2]
= 4.01 in.4

average moment of inertia,

Ia = (Ig+Icr)/2
= 20.46 in.4

effective stiffness,
K= 384 EI (Table 6.1)
5L 3

= 384 (1338.75 ksi)(20.46)

5 (120^3)
= 1.22 k/in
= 10.2 psi/in

yield deflection,
ye = Ru / K
= 3.41 / 10.2
= 0.33 in.

beam mass = (wall weight) / (gravity)

= (0.144 kcf)(0.64 ft thick)(0.083 ft unit width)(10 ft span) / (386 in/sec^2)
= 0.0002 k-sec2/in.
= 1651 psi-ms2/in.

Because of the espected response, use an average of values for K LM

elastic KLM = 0.5/0.64 = 0.77 (Table 6.1)
plastic KLM = 0.33/0.5 = 0.66 (Table 6.1)
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average KLM = (0.77+0.66)/2

= 0.72

Equivalent mass,
Me = (KLM)(beam mass)
= (0.72)(1651)
= 1180 psi-ms2/in.

period of vibration,
tn = 2 π √(Me / K) (Equation 6.8)
= 2 π √(1180.47 / 10.2)
= 68 ms

Chart Solution
td/tn = 90/68
= 1.32
Ru/Po = 3.41/3.4
= 1.00
using the chart: μd = 1.8 (Figure 6.9)
maximum deflection,
ym = (μd)(ye)
= 1.8*0.33
= 0.60
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APPENDIX-X.1 : BLAST RESISTANCE DESIGN FOR WALL:

Option #1: Add Reinforce steel and fill wall cavities solid with concrete.

Total Thickness of C.M.U wall = 20 cm

Actual thickness of C.M.U wall, tw = 19.37 cm (NCMA, Table 1b)
Area, A = 49.20 Sq.cm. (NCMA, Table 1b)
Moment of Inertia, Ig = 1536 cm4
#4, rebar area= 1.29 Sq.cm.
rebar spacing = 20 cm

Calculate Bending Resistance

for dynamic flexure, (Appendix 5.A)

fy = 60 ksi
fdy = (SIF)(DIF)fy
= (1.1)(1.17)(60 ksi)
= 77.22 ksi
fdy = 532.41 Mpa

f'dm = (SIF)(DIF)f'm
= (1)(1.19)(1.5 psi)
= 1.785 psi
f'dm = 0.01 Mpa

As = (rebar area)*(unit width)/(rebar spacing)

= (1.29)(2.54)/(20)
As = 0.164 Sq.cm.

d= tw/2
= 9.68 cm

ρ = As/bd (ACI 318, Equation 10-3)

ρ = 0.0067 > 200/fdy, O.K.

a = As(fdy)/0.85(f'dm)(b)
0.16383(77.22/(0.85*1.785*2.54)
3.283 cm
Mp = Mn = As(fdy)[d-a/2]
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(0.164*77.22*0.689)*(9.68-(3.28/2))
70.15 kN-cm

Rb = 8 Mp / L
where, L = 304.8 cm
Rb = (8 * 70.15) / 304.8= 1.84 kN
unit resistance,
Rb = 0.006041
 Weight per Mass per Nominal Nominal
"Soft" Nominal Nominal
Imperial Bar Size unit length unit length Diameter Diameter
Metric Size Area(in2) Area (mm2)
(lb/ft) (kg/m) (in) (mm)

#3 #10 0.376 0.561 0.375 9.525 0.11 71

#4 #13 0.668 0.996 0.5 12.7 0.2 129
#5 #16 1.043 1.556 0.625 15.875 0.31 200
#6 #19 1.502 2.24 0.75 19.05 0.44 284
#7 #22 2.044 3.049 0.875 22.225 0.6 387
#8 #25 2.67 3.982 1 25.4 0.79 509
#9 #29 3.4 5.071 1.128 28.65 1 645
#10 #32 4.303 6.418 1.27 32.26 1.27 819
#11 #36 5.313 7.924 1.41 35.81 1.56 1006
#14 #43 7.65 11.41 1.693 43 2.25 1452
#18 #57 13.6 20.284 2.257 57.33 4 2581

Table 5.A.1 Strength Increase Factors (SIF)

Material
Structural Steel (fy ≤ 50ksi) 1.10
Reinforced Steel (fy ≤ 60ksi) 1.10
Cold-Formed Steel 1.21
Concrete 1.00

Table 5.A.2 Dynamic Increase Factors (DIF)

Stress Type R/f. Bars Concrete Masonry
Fdy/Fy Fdu/Fu f'dc/f'c f'dm/f'm
Flexure 1.17 1.05 1.19 1.19
Compression 1.10 1.00 1.12 1.12
Diagonal Tension 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Direct Shear 1.10 1.00 1.10 1.00
Bond 1.17 1.05 1.00 1.00

Table 5.B.2 Response Criteria for Reinforced Masonry

Element Type μa Support Rotation, θa
Low Medium High
One way 1 0.5 0.75 1
Two way 1 0.5 1 2
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APPENDIX-X.1 : BLAST RESISTANCE DESIGN FOR WALL:

Option #1: Add Reinforce steel and fill wall cavities solid with concrete.

Total Thickness of C.M.U wall = 0.200 m

Actual thickness of C.M.U wall, tw = 0.194 m
Area, A = 0.492 Sq.m.
Moment of Inertia, Ig = 0.1534 m4
#4, rebar area= 1.29 Sq.cm.
rebar spacing = 0.020 m