CHAPTER 5 – T – TEST AND Z– TEST

(Z – TEST ONE SAMPLE)

1) The battery company, Panasonic, claims that their AA batteries have an average lifespan of
3650 days. A group of scientist test if their claim is true by buying 20 AA batteries from them and
store them to a safe place, after the test they only got a mean average of 2701 days till the batteries
are usable. With a standard deviation of 850, test this if it’s true.

I. Problem:

Is the claim true that the lifetime of their light bulb is 1825 days?

II. Hypothesis:

H0: The average lifespan of their AA batteries is 3650 days

H1: The average lifespan of their AA batteries is not 3650 days

III. Level of Significance:

∝ = 0.05 z =
±1.645

IV. Statistics:

z-test for one-tailed test

Computation:
z= (2701−3650)√20
850

= −949√20

850
−4244.06
= 850

z = -4.99
V. Decision Rule:

If the z computed value is greater than or beyond the z tabular value, reject H0

VI. Conclusion:

Since the z computed value of -4.99 is above the critical value of -1.645 at 0.05 level
of significance the research hypothesis is accepted which means that the average lifetime of
their AA batteries is not 3650 days.
2) The principal at UST claims that the students in his school are above the average IQ level. A random
sample of thirty students IQ scores have a mean score of 150. Is the claim of the UP principal true? The mean
population IQ is 100 with a standard deviation of 20 IQ scores are normally distributed. Use z-test at ∝ = 0.05

I. Problem:

Is the claim of the principal is true that the students in his school are above
average intelligence?
II. Hypothesis:

H0: µ = 100
H1: µ >100

III. Level of Significance:

∝ = 0.05 z =
±1.645

IV. Statistics:

z-test for one-tailed test

Computation:
z = (150−100)√30 20

= 50√30

20
223.60
= 15

z = 0.75

V. Decision Rule:

If the z computed value is greater than or beyond the z tabular value, reject H0

VI. Conclusion:

Since the z computed value of 0.75 is beyond the critical value of 1.645 at 0.05 level
of significance the research hypothesis is accepted which means that the students in the
claim of the principle that their students are above the average IQ level is true.
(T – TEST ONE SAMPLE)
3) A research concluded to find the effect of feeding farm-grown cockroaches to a pet tarantula.
A group of tarantula keepers tested it by buying 12 tarantulas. They were fed by their previous
owners with crickets and when they adopted it, they change its diet to farm-grown cockroaches.
The recorded of their weight is listed.
Pretest Posttest D D2
14 21 -7 49 MD – mean difference = −30
= -2.5
21 22 -1 1 12

24 21 3 9
16 19 -3 9
18 18 0 0 t= −2.5
= −2.5
= −2.5
= −2.5
= −2.5
= -2.63
20 25 -5 25 −30
2
194− 75 119

√0.90 0.95

15 17 -2 4
√
√194− 12 12(11) √ 132

12(12−1)

20 18 2 4
17 21 -4 16
16 24 -8 64
19 21 -2 4
12 15 -3 9
∑D = -30 ∑D2 = 194

I. Problem: Is there a significance between the pretest and the posttest on the application
of tutorial class on the Math quiz scores of 11 students?
II. Hypothesis:

H0 = There is no significant difference between the pretest and

posttest H1 = The posttest result is higher than the pretest result

III. Level of Significance:

∝ = 0.05
df = n-1

= 12-1

= 11

t.05 = -1.796

IV. Statistics: t-test for correlated samples

V. Decision Rule: If the t-computed value is greater than or beyond the critical value, reject H0

VI. Conclusion: The t-computed value of -2.63 is beyond the t-critical value of -1.796 at 0.05
level of significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the posttest
result is higher than the pretest result. It implies that the use of farm-grown cockroaches is
healthier for the tarantulas rather than the crickets.
4) A professor did a test if the use of a cheat sheet in his exams will improve the test the
scores of his students. To test his experiment, he made 2 batch of exam for 10 students. First
is they’re not allowed to use any cheat sheet and the second batch is he let them use a cheat
sheet. The list of scores of the students are the ff.:
Pretest Posttest D D2 MD – mean difference = 1 0
−45

= -4.5

20 25 -5 25
10 25 -15 225
20 20 0 0 t= −4.5
= −4.5
= −4.5
= −4.5
= −4.5
= -2.25
18 22 -4 16 561−202.5 358.5 2.0

15 20 -5 25
561− 2
√3.98
45

√ √
√ 10
10(9) 90

18 30 -12 144
10(10−1)

15 16 -1 1
18 10 8 64
10 15 -5 25
12 18 -6 36
∑D = -45 ∑D2 = 561

I. Problem:

Is there a significance between the pretest and the posttest on the application of
cheat sheet on the test
II. Hypothesis:

H0 = There is no significant difference between the pretest and

posttest H1 = The posttest result is higher than the pretest result

III.Level of Significance:
∝ = 0.05

df = n-1

= 10-1

=9

t.05 = -1.833

IV. Statistics: t-test for correlated samples

V. Decision Rule: If the t-computed value is greater than or beyond the critical value, reject H0

VI. Conclusion:

The t-computed value of -2.25 is beyond the t-critical value of -1.833 at 0.05 level of
significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the posttest result is
higher than the pretest result. It implies that the use of the cheat sheet on the examination
helps the student to get a higher score.
5) A professor concluded a hypothesis that wearing a proper uniform will help the girl scouts
sell more cookies. He then tests it by giving cookies to 8 girl scouts for them to sell. The first
run is just by wearing a plain shirt and pants and the second run is by wearing their uniforms.
The number of cookies sold are the ff.
Pretest Posttest D D2 MD – mean difference = −15

8
= -1.875
3 5 -2 4
5 9 -4 16
4 7 -3 9 t= −1.875
= −1.875
= −1.875
= −1.875
= −1.875
= -2.72
2 3 -1 1
2
15 55− 28.125 26.875 √0.4 8 0.69

7 5 2 4 √ 55−
8
√
8(7)
√
56

5 6 -1 1
8(8−1)

3 5 -2 4
2 6 -4 16
∑D = -15 ∑D2 = 55

I. Problem:

Is there a significance between the pretest and the posttest on the application of
tutorial class on the Math quiz scores of 11 students?
II. Hypothesis:

H0 = There is no significant difference between the pretest and

posttest H1 = The posttest result is higher than the pretest result

III.Level of Significance:
∝ = 0.05

df = n-1

= 8-1

=7

t.05 = -1.895

IV. Statistics: t-test for correlated samples

V. Decision Rule: If the t-computed value is greater than or beyond the critical value, reject H0

VI. Conclusion:

The t-computed value of -2.72 is below the t-critical value of -1.895 at 0.05 level of
significance. Therefore, the null hypothesis is rejected. This means that the posttest result is
higher than the pretest result. It implies that wearing the proper uniform of girl scouts will
help them sell more cookies.