Study In Canada

An International Recruiter’s Guide

to Education in Canada
Table of Contents

Table of Contents 2

Introduction 6

Overview of Canada 7

Physical Location 7

Provinces and Territories 8

Climate and Weather 9

People, Cultures, and Languages 9

Why Study in Canada 10

Academic Excellence 10

Affordable Costs 11

High Quality of Life 12

Safe Place to Live 13

Multicultural Environment 14

Work During Study 15

Pro-Immigration Policies 15

Canadian Education System 16

Primary and Secondary (K-12) Education 16

Post-Secondary (Tertiary) Education 16

Table of Contents / 2
 Types of Post-Secondary Institutions 17

Universities 17

Colleges 17

CEGEPs 19

Vocational Schools 19

Designated Learning Institutions 20

Program Types and Designations 20

Levels of Post-Secondary Education 21

Flexible Study Pathways 22

Pathway Programs 24

English Language Programs 24

Academic Pathway Programs 24

Application Requirements and Deadlines 25

Admission into a K-12 School 25

Admission into a Post-Secondary Institution 25

Academic Requirements 25

Grade Point Average (GPA) 25

Prerequisite Courses 26

English Language Requirements 26

French Language Proficiency 26

Table of Contents / 3
 Supplementary Requirements 27

Application Deadlines 27

Application Processing Times 27

Study Permit and Visa 28

Applying for a Study Permit and Visa 28

Steps for Getting a Study Permit 29

Application Processing Times 29

Application Rejections 30

Getting the Study Permit 30

Bringing Family 30

Student Direct Stream (SDS) 30

Financial Costs 31

Tuition Fees 31

Living Expenses 33

Financial Assistance 34

Scholarships 34

Grants and Bursaries 34

Loans 34

Working While Studying 35

Eligibility Criteria 35

Table of Contents / 4
 On-Campus Employment 36

Off-Campus Jobs 36

Co-ops and Internships 36

Working and Staying in Canada After Graduation 37

Post Graduate Work Permit 37

Other Work Permits 37

Paths to Permanent Residence 37

Arriving in Canada 38

Student Checklist 38

What to Bring 39

Arrival at a Canadian Airport 39

Common Questions Asked at Arrivals 40

Navigating the Airport 41

Airport Pick-Up and Transportation 41

Living in Canada 42

Accommodations 42

On-Campus Housing/Residence 42

Homestay 42

Off-Campus Housing 42

Transportation 43

Public Transit 43

Cars and Driving 43

Table of Contents / 5
Introduction

Canada offers international students an academic and a safe living environment are just some of
experience that is very hard to beat. Academic the reasons why Canada is ranked amongst the
excellence, affordability, work opportunities during top ten destinations for students looking
and post-study, pathway to permanent residence, to study abroad.

2018
5 Million
Students
Source: Project Atlas,
UNESCO, 2018

Fig 1: The breakdown of international students by chosen study destinations

ApplyBoard’s Study in Canada Guide provides:

• An understanding of why Canada is one of the top study destinations in the world

• A breakdown of the different study options available in Canada

• Information about how to apply to study, as well as costs and scholarships

• An overview of the steps and documentation required to enter and study in Canada

• A summary of the employment options available to students during study and after graduation

• Tips about how to best prepare for living and studying in Canada

Introduction / 6
Overview of Canada

Physical Location

Covering an area of 9,984,670 km2, Canada is the Pro Tip: Travelling to Canada? Check the
world’s second largest country by area, and distances between your chosen airport and
almost the same size as all of Europe combined. your destination. Neighbouring towns could be
It is located in the northern part of North America, kilometers away given Canada’s vast land mass.
where it shares its southern border with the
United States, while its northern peak goes all the
way up to the Arctic Circle.

Fig 2: Location of Canada on a world map

Overview of Canada / 7
Provinces and Territories Yukon Saskatchewan

Northwest  Manitoba
Canadians reside in one of the 10 provinces and 3
territories within the country, with over 35% living Territories
Ontario
in Ontario, followed by Quebec (23%), British
Nunavut
Columbia (13%) and Alberta (12%).
Quebec
Canada’s capital city is Ottawa, Ontario. Its three British 
largest and most globally recognized metropolitan Columbia Newfoundland
cities are Toronto (Ontario), Montreal (Quebec),
and Vancouver (British Columbia), all of which are Alberta New Brunswick
ranked in the top 20 list of QS World University’s
Best Student Cities.

Scale
0 250 500 750 1,000 km

Fig 3: Map of Canada and its provinces and territories

Overview of Canada / 8
Climate and Weather
Given Canada’s massive size and physical geog-
raphy, temperatures can vary greatly across the
country. Canadian winters can be harsh in many
regions, with temperatures ranging between
Table 1: Canadian weather during the four seasons
-15°C/5°F and -30°C/-22°F in the interior and
Prairie provinces. Coastal regions, such as around
British Columbia have much milder winters. Sum-
mers, on the other hand, are hot with tempera-
tures ranging between 20°C/70°F to 30°C/86°F,
and occasionally exceeding 40°C/104°F. Overall,
Canada experiences four distinct seasons annual-
ly as outlined in the table below.

Season Months Weather Conditions

The weather is usually warm to hot, with daytime tempera-

Summer June to August
tures between 20°C/70°F and 30°C/86°F or higher.

September to The weather starts to get colder and there is often a lot of rain.
Fall/Autumn
November Light jackets and/or raincoats are common during this season.

Winters are very cold, with temperatures often staying below

December to freezing all day long. Snowfall often accompanies the cold
Winter
February weather. Hats, mittens, scarves, boots, and thick winter jackets
are recommended during the Canadian winters.

The weather starts to get warmer and days are typically very
Spring March to May pleasant, while the evenings getting cool. A light jacket is often
needed during the early mornings and late evenings.

Pro Tip: Travelling to Canada? Plan for the
weather! Contrary to popular misconception,
Canada does not always have snow and extreme
cold. It gets quite hot in the summers with
temperatures going up to 40°C/104°F in some
parts of the country.
Canadians are proud of their rich history and di-
verse blend of people and cultures. There are laws
in place to protect all people, regardless of circum-
stances, from discrimination.
Immigrants from across the world make up one
fifth of Canada’s population of over 37 million.

Canada’s official languages are English and

People, Cultures, and Languages
Canada is globally known for its multiculturalism,
making it a desirable location for international stu-
dents travelling away from their family and
their home.
French, though most people speak English. Nearly
200 other languages are also spoken by the di-
verse Canadian population. The languages spoken
most frequently after English and French are Man-
darin, Cantonese, Punjabi, Spanish, Italian, Dutch,
Ukrainian, Arabic, German, and Tagalog.

Overview of Canada / 9
Why Study in Canada
With affordable tuition fees, quality institutions,
flexibility to work during study, post-study work
and immigration options, and welcoming people,
it is no surprise that Canada is one of the premiere
destinations for international students, drawing in
over 300,000 new international students annually.

According to the Canadian Bureau for Internation-

al Education’s (CBIE) 2018 International Student
Survey, the overwhelming majority of students
(93%) say they are satisfied with their educational
experience

Academic Excellence
One of the biggest reasons students choose to come
to Canada is the quality of a Canadian education.
Canadian degrees and diplomas are widely recognized
as comparable to those from the United States,
Australia, and the United Kingdom. Canadian
universities and colleges consistently place high on
international rankings. In fact, 17 Canadian universities
are ranked in the top 500 of the QS World University
Rankings 2020. Many are also ranked in the top 100
by reputable sources like The Times Higher Education
World University Rankings and Shanghai Ranking’s
Academic Ranking of World Universities.

Education is highly valued in Canada. The Canadian

government invests heavily in the Canadian education
system. As a result, Canada has one of the highest
rates of post secondary education completion (61%)
amongst the OECD member countries. Unsurprisingly,
Canadian teachers, professors, and researchers
are also amongst the most qualified academic
professionals around the world. Canada also attracts
top international faculty because of its investments
in cutting-edge research in areas such as medical
science, pharmaceuticals, information technology and
artificial intelligence.

Why Study in Canada / 10

Affordable Costs
Not only is the quality of Canadian education
amongst the best in the world, it is also one of
the most cost-effective. The tuition fees, as well
as the overall costs of living, are generally lower
in Canada than in the United States, United
Kingdom, and Australia.
According to a 2014 HSBC report, The Value of
Education: Springboard for Success, the average
cost (tuition and living expenses) of a university
undergraduate education for an international
student in Canada is approximately $30,000 USD
per year. By comparison, the United States ($36,564
USD), Australia ($42,093 USD) and the United
Kingdom ($35,045 USD) are all considerably higher.

Table 2: Cost of education for international students in popular international study destinations

University Cost of Living Total Costs Quality of

Cost
Country Fees Per Year Per Year Per Year Education
Rank
(USD) (USD) (USD) Rank

$24,081 $18,012 $42,093

Australia (~ $32,000 CAD) (~ $24,000 CAD) (~ $56,000 CAD) 1 3

$18,937 $20,292 $39,229

Singapore 2 6
(~ $25,000 CAD) (~ $27,000 CAD) (~ $52,000 CAD)

United $24,913 $11,651 $36,564

(~ $33,000 CAD) (~ $15,000 CAD) (~ $48,000 CAD) 3 1
States

United $21,365 $13,680 $35,045

(~ $28,000 CAD) (~ $18,000 CAD) (~ $46,000 CAD) 4 2
Kingdom

$13,444 $18,696 $32,140

Hong Kong 5 7
(~ $18,000 CAD) (~ $24,500 CAD) (~ $42,500 CAD)

$16,746 $13,201 $29,947

Canada 6 4
(~ $22,000 CAD) (~ $17,500 CAD) (~ $39,500 CAD)

The conversions in CAD are based on the five-year average exchange rate of 1 USD = 0.76CAD approximately, and
do not account for inflation or changes in exchange rates since the report was published. This table is intended to
provide an average cost comparison between the various popular study abroad destinations - and should not be
used to budget a student’s international education as actual fees and costs of living vary by institution, program of
study and the city a student will live and study in.

Why Study in Canada / 11

High Quality of Life
Canada has ranked #1 in the Best Countries Rank-
ing for Quality of Life for four years in a row now
(as of 2019). It is also amongst the top 15 coun-
tries on the UN’s 2018 Human Development Index
(2019 data not released yet), which assesses the
three basic dimensions of human development: a
long and healthy life, access to knowledge and a
decent standard of living.
Fig 4: Life satisfaction rankings around the world (on a scale of 10)
Surveys and research shows that Canadians are
generally happier and more satisfied with their
life than others around the world. According to
the Organization of Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD), Canada has the seventh
highest level of satisfaction globally, faring well
above the USA, UK, Germany, France and Australia.
Why Study in Canada / 12
A Safe Place to Live
Another big reason why students choose to come
to Canada is personal safety. In a 2019 World
Education Services study, over 25% of the inter-
national students in the US showed concerns
about gun violence at their institution. Prospec-
tive international students and their parents can
gain comfort knowing that Canada is amongst the
Fig 5: Percentage of people feeling safe walking alone at night around the world
safest countries countries in the world. Canada
is listed amongst the 20 safest countries in the
world in the 2019 Global Finance ranking of safest
countries, with over 82% of people living in Canada
feeling safe walking at night. Institute for Econom-
ics and Peace’s 2019 Global Peace Index also ranks
Canada as one of the 10 most peaceful countries
around the world.
Why Study in Canada / 13
Multicultural Environment
Canada is a welcoming country with a unique
Canadian culture that embraces diversity and
celebrates multiculturalism. In fact, in 1971, Canada
became the first country to make multiculturalism
an official Canadian policy. According to Canadian
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, “Diversity is Canada’s
strength,” and Canadians’ “different backgrounds…
and different stories are all part of what makes our
communities and our country strong.”
Immigrants are the backbone of growth in Canada.
A quarter of the Canadian population is either
foreign-born or were born to immigrant parents.
The ten largest visible minority groups in Canada
are South Asians, Chinese, Africans, Carribeans,
Filipinos, Latin Americans, Arabs, Southeast Asians,
West Asians, and Koreans. According to a census
report, 10+ religions are practiced, and nearly 200+
languages are spoken in Canada.
Canadian culture incorporates flavours from all
over the world, and Canadians celebrate events
and festivals from all around the world, such as
Diwali, Chinese New Year, Caribana, Eid, and
St. Patrick’s Day.
Canada’s welcoming population and thriving
multicultural environment makes Canada a
perfect home away from home for students
around the world.
Fig 6: The most spoken languages in
Canada after English and French
Why Study in Canada / 14
Work During Study
The option to work while studying is one of
the decision-making criteria for prospective
international students finalizing their education
destination. International students enrolled in
a full-time post-secondary program at a Desig-
nated Learning Institute (DLI) can work up to
20 hours per week during school terms and
full-time (30+ hours/week) during scheduled
breaks, such as the summer holidays. Most
students don’t need a work permit to work while
they study, whether their job is on-campus or
off-campus.
Learn more about the work options available
to international students in the Working While
Studying section of this course.
Pro-Immigration Policies
When travelling abroad to study, students usu-
ally get temporary status in the country they’re
studying in. That status often expires when their
program ends, so they have to return home
after graduation. Canada, on the other hand, has
programs designed to help international students
gain Canadian work experience after gradua-
tion and if they wish, subsequently transition to
permanent residency and eventually citizenship. A
Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP), for exam-
ple, lets students who have graduated from a
2+ year PGWP-eligible program stay and work in
Canada for up to three years. Students can also
use this work experience to qualify for permanent
residency in Canada.
Learn more in the Working and Staying in Canada
after Graduation section of this course.
Why Study in Canada / 15
Canadian
Education System
The Canadian Education system comprises of
primary, secondary, and tertiary education. The
primary and secondary education is grouped as
K-12, which is short for “Kindergarten to Grade
12”. Tertiary education, more commonly referred
to post-secondary education in North America,
is attained at universities, colleges, CEGEPs,
and vocational schools, where students can
earn undergraduate and postgraduate degrees,
diplomas and certificates.
Primary and Secondary
(K-12) Education
In Canada, education is free for all Canadians
from Kindergarten to Grade 12. The completion
of Grade 12 marks the end of secondary school,
except in Quebec where students earn their
secondary school diploma after Grade 11.
Public education is highly regarded in Canada.
Private schools and boarding schools also exist,
but over 95% of the Canadian student population
attend public schools and consistently perform
well in global student assessments.
Many international students begin their Canadian
education at a secondary school, which starts
in Grade 9 and are more commonly known as
high schools.
ApplyBoard has contracts with many Canadian
high schools and school boards, including the
Toronto District School Board and the Calgary
Board of Education, which accept students in
primary as well as secondary/high schools. Login
to the ApplyBoard Platform to view the full list of
our K-12 partnerships, admission requirements,
processes, and fees.
Post-Secondary (Tertiary)
Education
After the successful completion of secondary
(high) school, students can pursue post-secondary
education, which includes certificate, diploma,
and degree programs at undergraduate and
graduate studies level. Post-secondary education
is offered at public and private vocational schools,
CEGEPs, colleges, and universities. Post-secondary
institutions that are approved to host international
students are referred to Designated Learning
Institute (DLI).
Canadian Education System / 16
Types of Post-Secondary Institutions as medicine or law, as well as for academia and
research-based careers. A Bachelor’s degree is
In some parts of the world, the words “college”
also required to pursue any postgraduate degrees,
and “university” are often used interchangeably
which can be course-based or research-based
to refer to all post-secondary education. In Can-
Master’s, followed by a PhD, which is the highest
ada, the two are very distinct in terms of their
level of academic standing students can achieve.
program offerings, requirements and teaching
styles, although some overlap is starting to emerge
between the program offerings at colleges and Colleges
universities.
Canada is home to over 130 colleges, many
of whom are ApplyBoard partners, including
Universities Conestoga College, Seneca College, Centennial
College, George Brown College, Humber College,
There are over 90 universities in Canada, offering
and Red River College. For a complete list of
students over 15,000 undergraduate (Bachelor’s)
ApplyBoard’s Canadian college partners, log in to
and graduate (Master’s and PhD) degree programs.
the ApplyBoard Platform.
ApplyBoard is partnered with many of the most
popular and well-known Canadian universities,
Colleges in Canada focus on applied and technical
including the University of Waterloo, Queen’s
education that is specifically geared towards a
University, the University of Western Ontario,
career. Class sizes are small, with a lower student-
Yorkville University and more. Visit the ApplyBoard
to-instructor ratio, which allows teachers to
website to see all the Canadian universities with
provide personalized attention and more practical
whom ApplyBoard is partnered.
or hands-on learning opportunities.

Universities provide well-rounded academic

Students graduating from a college program
education with theoretical and practical
typically earn a diploma, though some colleges are
components. Due to the in-depth curriculum,
are now accredied to offer degree programs where
undergraduate (Bachelor’s) university programs
the hands-on, technical training is supplemented
are typically three or four years long, though some
by academic course work.
two-year Associate Bachelor’s degree programs
are available.

A Bachelor’s degree is typically required for

acceptance into professional programs, such

Canadian Education System / 17

 Universities Colleges

Typically large Smaller class sizes

Class Size 100-500 students in introductory Lower student-to-instructor ratio
courses

Teaching Large lectures, often supplemented Small class-sizes with hands-on work
& Learning by smaller tutorial classes
Style Independent work

Curriculum Academic programs with broad Career-oriented, practical programs with courses
Focus course offerings in the chosen career field

Faculty Academic researchers (PhDs) as well Industry professionals with several years of
Credentials as some industry professionals working experience in their professional field

Program Type Undergraduate & graduate degree Regular, advanced, and postgraduate certifi-
programs (Bachelor’s, Master’s, PhD) cates and diplomas

Duration 3 to 4 years; typically 4 1 to 3 years

Annual Vary by program; generally higher Vary by program; generally lower than
Tuition Fees than college fees university fees

Table 3: Difference between universities and colleges in Canada

Canadian Education System / 18

Universities have been the default choice of
post-secondary education for many years. How-
ever, an increasing number of both Canadian and
international students are now opting for a college
education, either as a stand-alone option or to
CEGEP Other 0.4%
1.7%
College
40.8%
Vocational Schools
Vocational schools (also called career, techni-
cal, and trade schools) offer occupation-specific
programs geared towards helping students go
directly from school into their chosen careers.
These programs can range from a few months to
one-to-two years, and often include a work com-
ponent. Examples of vocational training programs
include medical assisting, automotive repair, flight
training, culinary arts, and computer support.
Graduates from a vocational school/career
program earn a completion certificate from
their school. Though often referred to as “career
diploma” by vocational schools, it should be
noted that these certificates are not equivalent to
college diplomas.
supplement university training. In 2017, 40% of
international students in Canada were enrolled
in colleges, while another small percentage (~2%)
were studying in CEGEP (Quebec) and in other
vocational schools.
University
57.1%
Fig 5: Composition of international
students at various Canadian
post-secondary institutions
CEGEPs
CEGEP, which stands for Collège D’Enseignement
Général et Professionnel, and translates to “Gener-
al and Vocational College” is a type of post-second-
ary institution that is only present in the province
of Quebec. A CEGEP offers pre-university and tech-
nical programs which lead to “Diploma of College
Studies”, equivalent to grade 12 and the first year
of university studies. For students in Quebec, com-
pletion of CEGEP is a prerequisite for admission
into Year two (of four) in Quebec universities.
Canadian Education System / 19
Designated Learning Institutions
When deciding where to study and what to
study, we recommend first confirming that an
institution is accredited as a Designated Learning
Institution (DLI). DLIs are approved by the gov-
ernment to offer a letter of acceptance to inter-
national students leading to the possibility of a
study permit.
While students can study at other schools, only
students at DLIs are eligible to work during
study. Learn more about the eligibility criteria in the
Working While Studying section of this course.
Furthermore, only graduates from the approved
list of programs at DLIs are eligible for the
Postgradute Work Permit (PGWP), a legal
document with allows students to stay and work
in Canada after graduation. Learn more about
PGWP and its eligibility criteria in the Working and
Staying in Canada after Graduation section of
this course.
List of designated learning institutes, and which
of their study programs (if any) are PGWP-
eligible, can be viewed here.
Types of Study Programs
and Designations
The designation earned upon the completion of
an academic program depends on the type of
program and the type of post-secondary institu-
tion. The designations offered in the Canadian
post-secondary education system include de-
grees, diplomas, and certificates.
Degrees are typically granted by universities after
the completion of an academic program:
• Bachelor’s degrees are awarded after four
years of full-time study. Although uncommon,
some three-year Bachelors and two-year Associ-
ate Bachelor’s degrees also exist in Canada.
• Master’s degrees, available after a Bachelor
degree for further specialization in chosen sub-
ject, are typically one to two years in duration.
They could be course-based, such as an MBA or
research/thesis-based.
• Doctorate or PhD programs are typically
research-based and require students to have
found a research supervisor at the university
they are applying to. A PhD is typically earned
in three to seven years and cannot be pursued
without a Master’s degree first.
Diplomas are earned after the completion of a
college program and fall into one of the following
three categories:
• Regular diploma is granted at the end of an
accredited two-year program.
• Advanced diploma is granted after the
completion of a three-year program.
• Postgraduate diploma programs are
one-to-two years in length and can be
pursued after a regular/advanced diploma
or a Bachelor’s degree.
Certificates are awarded after completion of
short courses in a particular subject. Certificate
programs are typically less than a year in duration
Canadian Education System / 20
Levels of Post-Secondary Education of post-secondary education that students must
attain before pursuing further higher studies in the
Post-secondary education is two-fold, including
form of Masters, PhD and postgraduate diplomas
both undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate (PG)
and certificates.
studies. Undergraduate studies is the first level

Table 4: Post-secondary education options in Canada

Program Program Study Level Academic Available at Available at Available at

Type Duration (UG/PG)* Admission University College Vocational
(in Years) Requirements School

Regular
2 UG High School
Diploma

Advanced
3 UG High School
Diploma

Regular/
Post
1-2 PG Advanced
Graduate
Diploma OR
Diploma
Bachelor’s

High School
Certificate <1 UG
diploma

Regular/
Postgraduate Advanced
PG
Certificate Diploma OR
Bachelor’s
**
Associate
2 UG High School
Bachelor’s
**

Bachelor’s 3 UG High School

**
Honours
4 UG High School
Bachelor’s

Master’s 1-2 PG Bachelor’s

* UG = Undergraduate; PG = Postgraduate. ** at some colleges only, and only for some areas of study.

Canadian Education System / 21

Flexible Study Pathways and strengths. It is also common for students to
couple their Bachelor’s degree with a postgradu-
One of the best things about the Canadian ate diploma afterwards to gain more hands-on,
education system is the flexibility it offers to industry-focused experience in their chosen field.
students. Students can combine their education
Canadian post-secondary institutions share
experience with the various degree, diploma,
a strong relationship which makes it easy for
and certificate programs at different Canadian
students to transfer between different levels
post-secondary institutions to suit their interests,
and types of education. In other words, courses
career goals, and learning preferences.
completed at one institution are recognized by
For example, many students opt to go to college
the other, thus ensuring that the student is not
first and earn a diploma before obtaining their
retaking similar courses.
Bachelor’s degree at a university. Sometimes, stu-
dents switch from one program to another at the
same school or even transfer to a different insti-
tution altogether as they discover new interests

Canadian Education System / 22

 Degree Programs
University
Master’s Docorate (PhD) Diploma Programs
(1-2 years) (3-7 years)

Certificates

University
University/ College

Bachelor’s
(3-4 years) Diploma
(1-3 years)

University University

CEGEP Vocational
AD Training
(2 years) (2-3 years)
(1-4 years)

Vocational School/
University Quebec Only
Career College

Secondary/High School (Grade 9-12*)

Primary/Elementary School (Grade 1-8)

Pre-School/Kindergarten

Fig 6: Overview of the Canadian Education System and the flexible study pathways it offers

*high school ends after grade 11 in some provinces

Canadian Education System / 23

Pathway Programs
Students who wish to study in Canada may first
attend a prerequisite or preparatory program to
meet the entry requirements for their desired
degree or diploma program. This is called a
pathway program. Pathway programs bridge the
gap between the qualifications from a student’s
home country and the level needed to enter into
a post-secondary institution in Canada.
English Language Programs
English language programs are the most com-
mon type of pathway programs pursued by stu-
dents wanting to study in Canada. The language
programs are designed to get the student’s
language skills up to the level required for ad-
mission in their desired school program. These
programs also include a social component with
events and activities that help students become
accustomed to the Canadian culture and seam-
lessly transition into their life in Canada.
Many Canadian colleges and universities offer
English language programs through their
own English Language Institutes. Students
graduating from those programs can enroll
directly into the academic programs at those
colleges/universities, provided that they meet
the academic requirements.
In some cases, students can simultaneously
apply for admission into the language program
and into their academic program. If they meet the
academic admission criteria, they will receive a
conditional offer of admission, which is contingent
on the successful completion of the language
program. This is a great way for the student to
be sure they will be able to study at their desired
post-secondary institution before enrolling into its
language program.
Did you know that ApplyBoard has
partnerships with many English Language
Institutes in Canada? Find out which of our
partner schools have English Language
Institutes and the types of pathway programs
they offer on the ApplyBoard Platform.
Note that at some institutions, a student can begin
taking academic courses while also participating in
English language classes and activities.
Language pathway programs are also offered
by IELTS, TOEFL, and other recognized language
assessment bodies, as well as by private
preparatory education providers, such as Kaplan
and Pearson.
Academic Pathway Programs
Academic pathway programs focus on academic
subjects, offering students foundational courses
in math, the sciences, business, the arts, etc. to
improve their subject knowledge and to meet the
prerequisite course requirements for admission
into undergraduate and graduate programs.
Canadian Education System / 24
Application
Requirements
and Deadlines
Ready to study in Canada? Start by reviewing the
admission requirements for the programs the
student is interested in. Admission requirements
can vary by program and by institution.
Requirements for the same programs can also
change over time.
Admission into a K-12 School
International students can gain admission into
public and private K-12 schools at any grade level.
Applicants need to provide their most recent tran-
script or school cards, as well as letters of recom-
mendation to be considered for admission.
Admission into a
Post-Secondary Institution
Students applying to Canadian post-secondary
institutions are generally assessed based on
their past academic performance, as well as their
English language skills. Some programs also
require supplementary information from the
student, such as a resume, to further assess a
Application Requirements and Deadlines / 25
student’s suitability for the program before making
their admission decision.
Academic Requirements
Successful completion of secondary school is a
requirement for admission into an undergraduate
program in Canada. In the Canadian context, this
means that a student must have completed Grade
12 or equivalent to gain admission.
A three or four year Bachelor’s Degree is
required, on the other hand, for admission into
postgraduate degree programs. Regular and
advanced diplomas are sufficient for admission
into a postgraduate diploma or certificate
program. Some institutions may accept work
experience as a substitute for the required degree
if the student has extenuating circumstances.
Grade Point Average (GPA)
Students will be asked to submit proof of degree/
diploma completion, as well as their transcript
or report card, which lists the grades the student
earned in each course. Typically, only the grades in
the student’s last two years of study are taken into
consideration for admission.
A student’s final Grade Point Average (GPA), as
well as the type of courses taken, ultimately
determine if a student meets the academic
admission criteria. GPA requirements, on
average, vary between 65% to 90% depending
on the program and the institution.
Prerequisite Courses
Some postsecondary academic programs require
students to have taken Grade 12 equivalent
courses in related subjects. For example,
students applying for engineering programs
frequently need to have taken Grade 12 level
math and physics courses. The prerequisite
course requirements vary by program and
by school. Be sure to check the requirements
specific to the chosen program on the
ApplyBoard Platform before applying!
English Language Requirements
Since English is the primary language of instruc-
tion in Canadian post-secondary institutions
(outside of Quebec), students applying from a
non-English speaking country need to demon-
strate English proficiency through an English
Language Test as part of their admission applica-
tions. Standardized English language tests evalu-
ate students on their reading, listening, speaking
and writing skills.
All Canadian institutions accept English Language
Testing System (IELTS) and Test of English as
a Foreign Language (TOEFL) scores as proof
of language proficiency. Some Canadian
Application Requirements and Deadlines / 26
post-secondary institutions may also accept
test scores from other accredited language
assessment institutes.
Language test score requirements vary by
program and institution, and sometimes by the
home country of the student applicant. Some
institutions only look at the overall scores, while
others have cut-offs for scores in each of the
four skills sections. Typically, students need
IELTS scores of 6.5 (7 for some postgraduate
programs) or TOEFL (iBT) scores between 70.0
and 90.0 for admission consideration. Always
refer to the admission requirements for each
program on the ApplyBoard Platform for the
most accurate information.
Some institutions also offer students the option
of completing an English language program to
meet the language requirements for admission
into their chosen program. Learn more about
the English language programs in the Canadian
education system section of this course.
French Language Proficiency
Students wishing to attend a school where French
is the primary language of instruction must
demonstrate their French language proficiency.
Test d’Evaluation du Francais (TEF) and Test de
Connaissance du Francais (TCF) are the most
Supplementary Requirements
Depending on the nature of the program, stu-
dents may need to provide supplementary
non-academic documents or test scores to
support their admission application. These could
include personal statements, essays, resumes,
GRE/GMAT scores, etc. Always review the pro-
gram requirements before submitting an appli-
cation to be sure it is complete. Applications may
be rejected due to missing documents.
Programs with a work component often ask for
a resume. Personal statements and/or essays
are also frequently needed for competitive
undergraduate programs and professional
programs. Many postgraduate programs also
require a GRE/GMAT test score as part of their
requirements.
Table 5: Application deadlines and session start dates
Intake Session* Semester Start Date
Fall
Winter
*Some institutions have rolling intake seasons with
classes starting every 1-2 months, and not only in
September, January and May.
**Many institutions offer rolling admission where
applications are processed as they are submitted, and
close once the number of available spots are filled.
Some institutions review applications and issue
admission decisions as applications come, referred
to rolling admissions, while other schools only make
admission decisions after the application deadline.
Application Deadlines
In Canada, admissions are typically offered for
entry in fall (September), winter (January) and
summer (May). September is considered the of-
ficial start of the school year and that’s when the
biggest intake occurs. Many programs are only
available for admission in the fall.
Private colleges and vocational schools often have
new classes starting every one to two months.
As a result, students can apply to begin their
education at any point in the year.
Application deadlines vary by institution, as well
as by programs. General application deadlines
are outlined in the table below. We strongly
recommend checking the school’s page on the
ApplyBoard Platform for the most accurate
deadline information.
Application Deadlines**
September January - March
January September - November
Application Processing Times
When it comes to admission application dead-
lines, we recommend applying as early as pos-
sible to give students enough time to secure a
study permit and visa. Schools can often take
up to 60 days after the application deadline
to process an application and issue a Letter of
Acceptance (LOA), which is required to apply for
a study permit.
Application Requirements and Deadlines / 27
 VISA APPLICATION
Study Permit
and Visa
Getting admitted to one’s desired study program
is a big milestone, but it is not enough to gain
entry to and study in Canada.
A study permit is needed to study in Canada.
Additionally, most international students also
need a visitor visa (temporary resident visa) or
an electronic travel authorization (eTA) - often
referred to as student visa - to enter
into Canada.
Students can submit an application for their
study permit and their visa/eTA at the same time.
The student visa will be automatically issued
if the student gets approved for study permit.
To learn more, visit the Government of Canada
website for study permits.
VISA APPLICATION
Applying for a Study Permit and Visa
Students can apply for their study permit once
they have received an offer of admission and
paid their tuition deposit. Applications can be
submitted online; however, paper applications are
also available and can be submitted at the Visa Ap-
plication Centres (VACs) or to the Canadian Consul-
ate’s Office in the student’s home country.
As part of the application, students need
to provide:
• A letter outlining why they want to study
in Canada
• Documentation which demonstrates that they
have the financial means to support themselves
and their education in Canada
Know what you need before you apply. Review the
complete list of the documents required to get a
study permit.
Study Permit and Visa / 28
Steps for Getting a Study Permit
Students must follow the steps below to obtain a study permit:

Gather all the documents needed for the application.

Submit the application and all the required supporting documents. Application is not considered
complete until the application fee is paid.

Give biometrics. Students will receive a letter indicating when and how to give their biometrics after
submitting their application.

If required, students must attend an in-person interview and/or send any additional documentation
that may be requested after the application is processed.
Find out what additional information the student might need to submit.

The student will receive a Letter of Introduction (LOI) from the visa office once their application
is approved. This letter confirms approval of the study permit and is used to obtain a study
permit once you arrive in Canada. Along with the LOI, students also receive an Electronic Travel
Authorization (eTA) or a visitor visa at that time, which they will need to enter into Canada.

Send their Passport to the visa office to get the visa stamped. The passport will be requested when
the LOI is issued.

Since visa requirements and application process Check the processing time estimates from the
can change over time, applicants should also Government of Canada to find out how long it
always refer to the Government of Canada takes to process most applications.
website for the most up-to-date information.

We recommend applying 90-120 days before

the start of academic session to allow for any
Application Processing Times processing delays, as well as to ensure that the
student will have enough time to reapply for the
The time needed to process the study permit
permit if their application is initially rejected.
application varies by country, the type of
application, and the volume of applications.

Study Permit and Visa / 29

Application Rejections
If study permit application is denied, they will be
notified with a letter which will include an expla-
nation of why the visa was refused. Students are
encouraged to address the refusal reasons and
reapply, where possible. Common reasons for
refusal include:
• Insufficient proof that the student has enough
money to support himself why studying in Canada
• Failure to convince the visa officer that the main
purpose of travel to Canada is to study
• Failure to convince the visa officer that the student
will leave at the end of the study period
Getting the Study Permit
Once the student lands in Canada, they will be
greeted by a Canadian Immigration/Visa Officer.
The Officer will inquire about the reason of the
student’s visit and ask for the supporting docu-
mentation that the student had submitted as part
of their initial study permit and visa application.
The Officer will issue the study permit if they are
satisfied that the student’s visit is legitimate and
they will comply with guidelines of immigration.
Student will then be able to collect their luggage
and head to their destination.
Pro Tip: Bring all documentation, such as offer letter
and proof of tuition payment, in hand luggage. The Visa
Officer will ask for those and inquire about the student’s
future plans before issuing the study permit.
The study permit will contain information about
the student’s purpose of visit, academic program,
and duration of stay. The permit will also indicate
if a student has any restrictions on working while
studying. Learn more in the Working While Studying
section of this course.
The study permit is typically issued for the length of
the students’ study program, plus an extra 90 days.
The 90 days lets students prepare to leave Canada
after graduation or apply to extend their stay.
Bringing Family
Canada’s welcoming immigration policy allows the
spouse and minor children of international students
to accompany them to Canada to work and study.
Students can apply for their family’s visa alongside
their own. The children do not need a study permit
to enroll into a primary or secondary school while
they are in Canada.
Student Direct Stream (SDS)
The Student Direct Stream (SDS) is an expedited
study permit processing program for students from
selected countries who demonstrate upfront that
they have the financial resources and language
skills to succeed academically in Canada.
The SDS program is currently available to legal
residents who also reside in: China, India, Pakistan,
Philippines, Vietnam, Senegal, and Morocco. Most
SDS applications are processed within 20 days.
Students applying through the SDS stream must pro-
vide the following documents with their application:
• Proof of a language test result from IELTS or
TEF (French)
• Proof of Guaranteed Investment Certificate
(GIC) of CAN $10,000
• Proof of full payment of tuition for the
applicant’s first year of study
• Letter of acceptance from a post-secondary DLI
• Most recent secondary or post-secondary
educational transcripts
• Proof of completion of upfront medical
examination
Visit the Student Direct Stream page on the
Government of Canada website to learn more about
the SDS eligibility criteria and application process.
Study Permit and Visa / 30
Financial Costs
Though a worthwhile long-term investment, inter-
national education can be expensive. Being aware
of all living costs and budgeting accurately is criti-
cal for ensuring students have the financial means
to complete their education.
Tuition Fees
According to Statistics Canada, the average
annual tuition fee for international students
for academic year 2018/2019 was $27,159 CAD
for undergraduate studies, and $16,497 CAD for
graduate studies.
Fees can vary greatly depending on the field of
study, as well as by the academic institution. At
the undergraduate level, annual fees range from
approximately $20,000 CAD to $60,000 CAD for
professional programs like dentistry and veteri-
nary medicine. For graduate studies, annual tuition
fees can range from $10,000 CAD to $57,000 CAD
for an Executive MBA. See Table 6 for the average
international tuition fees by field of study during the
2018-2019 academic year.
Financial Costs / 31
 Table 6: Average international tuition fees* by field of study during the 2018-2019 academic year

Field of Study Undergraduate Graduate

Education $19,461 $15,236

Visual and performing arts, and communication technologies $22,950 $14,144

Humanities $26,175 $13,520

Social and behavioural sciences $24,808 $14,304

Law, legal professions and studies $29,756 $15,941

Business management and public administration $26,395 $22,442

Executive MBA Not Available $56,282

Regular MBA Not Available $37,697

Physical and life sciences and technologies $29,067 $14,664

Mathematics, computer and information sciences $30,187 $15,553

Engineering $30,742 $17,753

Architecture $24,101 $14,016

Agriculture, natural resources and conservation $24,101 $14,016

Dentistry $55,802 $21,635

Medicine $29,905 Not available

Nursing $20,354 $13,713

Pharmacy $34,726 $11,642

Veterinary medicine $60,458 $9,088

Other health, parks, recreation and fitness $23,192 $16,590

Personal, protective and transportation services $20,453 $13,948

*Weighted average tuition fees in Canadian dollars (CAD). Source: Statistics Canada

Financial Costs / 32
Living Expenses
In addition to tuition, students must also account
for books, housing, food, and other day-to-day living
expenses. Costs are generally more expensive in bigger
cities and will also depend on a student’s lifestyle,
choice of accommodations, and spending habits.
The costs, on average, breakdown as the following:

Table 7: Estimated living and studying costs for the academic year (8 Months, in CAD)

Expenses On-Campus Off-Campus

Books & Supplies $1,000 - $2,000 $1,000 - $2,000

Housing $3,000 - $8,400 $5,000 - $13,600

Food $2,500 - $4,000 $1,600 - $2,500

Transportation $0 - $200 $640 - $1,000

Utilities $0 $400 - $800

Internet $0 $320 - $680

Phone $320 - $640

Clothing $800 - $2,000

Laundry $200 - $300

Health Insurance $600 - $800

Entertainment & Fun $1,000 - $2,000

Personal/Miscellaneous items $1,000 - $2,000

Notes:
Off-campus costs assume the student is living
independently. Students can lower costs by
sharing off-campus housing with other students.
Transportation is not needed on a daily
basis if a student is living on-campus as
the residences are located within walking
distance of the campus.

Books and supplies costs vary by program.
Utilities and Internet are included and available
at on-campus residences.
When it comes to food, some institutions
require students to purchase a meal plan.
Students can use the money added to their
meal plan to purchase meals from on-
campus cafeterias and restaurants.

Financial Costs / 33
Financial Assistance
International students have a few financial aid
options available to them to finance their studies in
Canada, including scholarships, bursaries, and loans.
Scholarships
Scholarships are awarded to students with
academic excellence through a competitive
application process. Students can apply for
scholarships at their chosen institutions when
they apply for admission. We strongly recommend
searching for scholarships early on in the
admission process as many scholarships have
short application deadlines.
Many post-secondary also grant automatic
entrance scholarships to students with high GPAs.
Students can check the amounts they may be
eligible for by visiting the institution’s website for
scholarship, bursaries and financial aid.
Government of Canada and related government
agencies also offer numerous scholarships to
international students. Additionally, students can
also get scholarships from their home country and
should do their research ahead of time to ensure
they don’t miss any deadlines.
Grants and Bursaries
Bursaries are offered by post-secondary institutions
and are available to students who demonstrate
financial need. Students typically need to submit
an application with details of their finances to show
financial need.
Loans
International students can apply for student loans
from financial institutions in Canada in the form of
a student line of credit (LOC). Student LOC typically
has a lower interest rate than a regular credit card
and the credit limit is based on the student’s tuition
and level of studies.
Students can apply for a LOC when they are in Canada
and enrolled in a full-time post-secondary program.
Financial Costs / 34
Working While
Studying
Canada’s student-friendly work policies are
amongst one of the major reasons international
students choose Canada as their study
destination.
Many international students opt for working
while studying to earn an income, as well as
to gain valuable Canadian work experience to
support their professional growth.
There are many work opportunities available
to eligible international students, including
on-campus employment, off-campus jobs,
co-ops, and internships.
Eligibility Criteria
International students do not need a work permit
to work while they study. They are eligible to work
in Canada provided that there aren’t any restric-
tions on their study permit.
Typically, international students can work while
studying if they are enrolled as a full-time post-
secondary student in a Designated Learning
Institution that is over 6 months in duration and
leads to a degree, diploma, or certificate.
Eligible international students can work up to
20 hours per week during a regular academic
session and full-time during regularly scheduled
breaks between academic sessions, such as
the summer break. Students cannot start their
employment before their studies begin, and
require a work permit to resume employment
once their study program ends and their study
permit expires.
Students are ineligible to work if they are:
• Only enrolled in an English or French as a
second language (ESL) program,
• Only taking general interest courses,
• Only taking courses required to be accepted
into a full-time program,
• Only enrolled as a part-time student, or
• Have any other restrictions specified on their
study permit
The eligibility criteria and requirements may
change over time. Please refer to the Government
of Canada website for the most up-to-date
information about studying and working in
Canada as an international student.
Working While Studying / 35
On-Campus Employment
“On-campus” refers to all the buildings and
offices on the school premises. Full-time students
can work on-campus if their study permit
indicates that they’re allowed to work on- or
off-campus. For most up-to-date information on
which students are eligible to work on-campus,
please visit the Government of Canada website
for Work On-Campus.
Off-Campus Jobs
International students can join the Canadian
workforce while studying on a part-time basis
if there are no work restrictions on their study
permit. For most up-to-date information on
student eligibility for off-campus employment,
please visit the Government of Canada website
for Work Off-Campus.
Co-ops and Internships
Some study programs include work experience
as part of their curriculum, which is known as
a co-op placement or internship. International
students can take advantage of these work
placements by getting a co-op or intern work
permit. Note that some employers also offer
unpaid internships as a way to gain work
experience.
For most up-to-date information on whether a
student is eligible for co-op or intern work permit,
please visit the Government of Canada website.
Working While Studying / 36
Working and
Staying in Canada
After Graduation
International students place post-graduation
benefits as an important factor when deciding
where to study. Canada’s foreign-worker policies
and post-graduate work programs make it possible
for international students to work in Canada after
they graduate, and give Canada a competitive
advantage over other international education
destinations.
The experience international graduates gain – and
income derived – from this employment is important
to offset their family’s investment and help repay
their study loans. The work experience gained after
graduation can also help international students
qualify for permanent residence in Canada.
For more information about staying in Canada
after graduation, visit the Government of Canada’s
website on Stay in Canada after Graduation.
Post Graduate Work Permit
The post-graduation work permit (PGWP) allows
students who have graduated from eligible
programs at designated learning institutions (DLIs)
to gain valuable Canadian work experience.
Did you know that not all programs at a DLI
make students eligible for PGWP? To find out
which post-secondary institutions are DLI, and
which of their programs are eligible for PGWP,
review the Designated Learning Institution List.
Students graduating from a 2+ year PGWP-
eligible academic program can work up to three
years following their period for study. Students
Working and Staying in Canada After Graduation / 37
in an 8-month to 2-year program can obtain a
PGWP that is valid for up to the same length as
their study program. For example, if a student
completed a 9-month program, a work permit
may be issued for up to 9-months. Students in a
program that is less than 8-months in duration are
not eligible for PGWP.
PGWP requirements and eligibility criteria
can change at any time. Always refer to the
Government of Canada website for the most
accurate information.
Other Work Permits
If a student is not eligible for the Post Graduate
Work Permit (PGWP), they may still be able to
work in Canada by obtaining an open work permit
or an employer-specific work permit. For more
information about other work permits, please visit
the Government of Canada webpage for Types of
Work Permits.
Paths to Permanent Residence
Canada welcomed more than 286,000 permanent
residents in 2017 and plans to welcome over a
million new immigrants by 2021. International
students can use their Canadian work experience to
qualify for permanent residence. In fact, 40% of all
economic-class immigrants accepted by the federal
government are international students who have
graduated and who want to stay in Canada.
Visit the Government of Canada webpage on Find
Your Path to Permanent Residence to learn more
about the different immigration & PR pathways
and their requirements.
Arriving in Canada

It can be daunting to think about leaving friends

and family behind to travel thousands of miles
away to an unknown destination across the world.
Proactive planning can help students travel and
settle into their new home away from home. Here
are a few tips and a checklist to make sure the PASSPORT

student is prepared before the board their plane

to Canada.

Student Checklist
Arrange accommodations. Learn more about how to secure your accomodations
in the Living in Canada section of this course.

Register for courses

Pack bags

Buy plane ticket

Obtain ground transportation from the airport to accommodation

Create an emergency contact list

Need to travel with medication? Learn how to travel with medication and what
documentation the student needs to bring with them.

Arrange banking - consider buying traveller’s cheques for large denominations, as

well as carrying a smaller amount of cash. Monetary Instruments, including cash
and traveller’s cheques, valuing at or more $10,000 CAD (or its foreign equivalent)
must be declared at customs. Learn more.

Keep documents secure! Have the student save pictures of their passport, study
permit (and visa, if relevant); have electronic copies of insurance and rental
agreements saved securely for future reference. Make sure they know when their
study permit will expire.

Arriving in Canada / 38
What to Bring
Before packing, an incoming student should:
• Verify luggage restrictions with their airline
• Pack for the weather. We recommend
researching the weather in the city of stay and
pack accordingly. In most of Canada, t-shirt
and shorts are great for the summer months,
and winter coats, boots, hats, and mittens are
required in the fall, winter, and spring months.
• Check which items the Canadian Border
Services Agency does not permit through
customs (eg. pets, plants, fresh fruits and
vegetables, meat products, etc.).
The Government of Canada has a list of items that
international students should pack in their carry-
on luggage, as they may be required to show them
to customs when they arrive. A list of these items
can be viewed here.
Arrival at a Canadian Airport
When flying to Canada, students are required to
do the following things:
• Before landing in Canada, complete a Canada
Border Service Agency (CBSA) Declaration
card. These cards are distributed on the
airplane prior to landing.
VISA
RT
SPO
PAS
• Upon arrival, follow the signs that say
“Arrivals and Customs” (known as the
immigration area).
• Enter the non-Canadian citizens line.
• When called by the Immigration Officer, pres-
ent them with the travel documents which
include the following:
• A valid passport or travel document
• A valid temporary resident visa
• An original or copy of Letter of Acceptance
(LOA) from the academic institution
• Proof of adequate funds for the stay in
Canada (GIC documents)
• Letter of Introduction (LOI) issued by CIC
in the student’s home country
• Any other documents submitted while
applying for visa
• Letters of reference or any other
document the visa office told the student
to bring
• Official marksheet/certificates from
home country
• The address of the place the student will
be staying
• Approximate Canadian Dollar (CAD) value
of each item the student is bringing
Arriving in Canada / 39
Common Questions Asked at Arrivals

Below is a list of common questions that students are asked by an Immigration Officer
when they arrive at the airport:

? What is your name?

? Where are you from? What is your home address?

? What is your mother’s and father’s name?

? What is your date and place of birth?

? What school are you going to attend in Canada?

? What program are you going to study and how long is the program?

? What are your plans after completing the program?

? Who packed your bag(s)? Do you know what’s inside the bags?

? How much cash are you carrying with you?

? Do you have relatives/friends/family in Canada? If yes, where do they live?

If no, where will you stay?

? Is someone coming to pick you up at the Airport?

? Do you require a social insurance number (SIN)?

Respond to all the questions asked by the Immigration Officer with simple and clear answers. If the
student does not understand the question clearly, he or she can ask for an interpreter (available in
almost all languages).

Arriving in Canada / 40
Navigating the Airport
Many airports have arrival guides on their
websites. We highly recommend students
research the airport they will be landing in to
get themselves familiar. The 10 most frequently
accessed airports in Canada are:
• Toronto Pearson International Airport
(Toronto, ON)
• Vancouver International Airport
(Vancouver, BC)
• Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau
International Airport (Montreal, QC)
• Calgary International Airport (Calgary, AB)
• Edmonton International Airport
(Edmonton, AB)
• Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International
Airport (Ottawa, ON)
• Winnipeg James Armstrong Richardson
International Airport (Winnipeg, MB)
• Halifax Stanfield International Airport
(Halifax, NS)
• Kelowna International Airport
(Kelowna, BC)
• Victoria International Airport
(Victoria, BC)
Airport Pick-Up and Transportation
Students will need to arrange their own
transportation from the airport to their
accommodation. Students are also responsible
for arranging their own transportation to and
from the campus daily.
Available Transportation Options
• Taxi: Students can arrange a local taxi to pick
them up. Simply search for local companies on
Google. Most airports also have a designated
area where visitors can get a taxi; no prior
booking required.
• Uber and Lyft: Both mobile transportation
applications are widely used in Canada.
However, there are some limitations on where
one can be picked up at the airport. View ride
availability by searching within the apps.
• Private/Rental Car: Students can rent a car
at the airport provided that they have a valid
driver’s license. Many car rental companies, such
as Avis, Enterprise and Budget have offices at
the airport. Students should make a reservation
prior to their arrival to ensure a car that fits their
needs and budget will be available.
Payment
Students can pay for their transportation at
the end of the ride using a debit or credit card
that works in Canada, or in cash with Canadian
currency. If the transportation was pre-booked,
students can often also pay through the
transportation provider’s website or through their
smartphone app.
Living in Canada
Canada is notably one of the best places to live.
But, like any other country, it has its own set of
customs, culture, and way of doing things, which
may differ from a student’s home country and
require some learning and getting used to. We
have put together some details about life in
Canada to help students plan ahead and adjust
into Canada more easily.
Accommodations
Students are strongly encouraged to arrange
their accommodations prior to their arrival.
There are generally three options for
accommodations: on-campus residence,
homestay, and off-campus housing.
On-Campus Residence
Students can find residence options offered by
a school, as well as the application deadline, on
the school’s website, or by contacting the school
directly. Many international students, as well as
out-of-town Canadian students, choose to live in
residence during their first year instead of making
off-campus arrangements to make their transition
easier. This is an excellent way for students to make
friends and become ingrained in Canadian culture
in a supportive and structured environment.
Homestay
Students can also choose to live with a Canadian
family. The “host” family is screened by a
professional agency. A popular agency is Canada
Homestay Network. There are many other options
that students can consider as well. Some schools
may even have a preferred homestay agency that
they work with. Students can research this on their
school’s website or by searching “name of school”
and “homestay” on Google.
Off-Campus Housing
Students also have the option of renting an
apartment or a room outside of school. Some
schools have services that help students find a
place, known as off-campus housing assistance.
Students can find housing on websites like
Places4Students, Kijiji, or by searching on
Facebook. When searching, use keywords like
“(name of school) student housing” or “(name of
school) rentals”.
For temporary accommodations, students can
also consider staying at a hotel or AirBnB, many
of which offer discounts for extended stays.
Please note that this is an expensive option and
should only be used as a last resort.
Living in Canada / 42

Transportation
Transportation services play a big factor in
choosing where to live. If a student is considering
living off-campus, they should research ahead to
ensure the commute to- and from campus will be
convenient.
Public Transit
Canada has a robust public transportation
system, which makes it easy for students
and other commuters to get around the city.
Canadian public transportation system includes
public bus networks in most towns and cities,
a rapid transit (subway) in large cities, and
commuter/rapid light rail systems to connect
neighbouring regions.
Many post-secondary institutions offer
discounted monthly transit passes to subsidize
the cost of transportation for its students.
Students can purchase their bus pass when they
arrive on campus.
Cars and Driving
Canada has a large network of roads and
highways, making long distance travel by car
possible between most places.
In Canada, driving regulations and licenses are
managed provincially. International students
can drive in Canada with a proper licence. The
rules vary by province, but generally, students
can drive in Canada for a brief period of time if
they have a valid licence from their home country
although an International Driving Permit (IDP) - a
document that allows drivers from one country
to drive in other countries - is recommended. In
some provinces, students can use their foreign
license for the entire duration of their studies,
while other provinces require international
students to apply for their provincial licence.
Students should consult the Ministry of
Transportation website for the province they will
be driving in before getting on the road.
Taxi and Ridesharing Services
All cities and towns have one or more companies
that offer taxi service. However, taxis can get
quite expensive so they are typically only used
when public transit is not a feasible option.
Uber and Lyft ridesharing services are also
popular options and available in many parts
of Canada.
Air Travel
Due to Canada’s large size, people often travel
between major cities and provinces by airplane.
All main cities have airports with regularly
scheduled flights to and from many places.
Health and Travel Insurance
All Canadian post-secondary institutions offer
medical insurance plans that international stu-
dents can get for themselves, as well as for their
spouse and children if they are in Canada.
Banking and Money
Machines (ATM). ATMs are accessible during and
after a bank’s business hours, including evenings
and weekends.
For an additional administrative fee, students can
also withdraw money from another bank’s ATM,
as well as from private ATMs. Private ATMs are not
affiliated with any banks, and are typically found in
restaurants, bars, gas stations, and grocery stores.

The currency of Canada is the Canadian Dollar Opening a Bank Account

(CAD). The dollar is available in different coloured
Most Canadian banks offer great account options
notes of $5.00 (blue), $10.00 (purple), $20.00
for students, including some especially designed for
(green), $50.00 (red), and $100.00 (gold) denomina-
international students with special services to help
tions. Coins of five cents (nickel), 10 cents (dime),
them save on international transaction charges and
25 cents (quarter), $1 (loonie), and $2 (toonie)
make managing their money easier. A student can
denominations are also used.
open a bank account by going to the local branch
of their preferred bank with two pieces of identifi-
Cash, Cards, and Online Banking cation, including an ID with their photo on it and a
piece of ID that includes their address.
Cash is an acceptable form of payment in almost
all scenarios, however debit cards and credit cards
have emerged as the more common payment
method for all transactions due to convenience.
Cheques are used fairly frequently for large
amounts, such as rent and bill payments. Internet
banking is also widely accepted for paying bills and
conducting other transactions. Many post-second-
ary institutions also offer online banking options
for tuition and account payment.

Withdrawing Cash
Students can withdraw money from their bank
account to obtain cash. Students can withdraw
cash by visiting any of the branches of the bank
they have an account at. At the bank, students
can speak with one of the tellers (bank’s customer
service representatives) or withdraw the money on
their own using one of the bank’s Automated Teller

Living in Canada / 44
The five biggest banks in Canada, with hundreds
of local branches across the country are:
• Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)
• Toronto-Dominion (TD) Bank
• Bank of Nova Scotia
• Bank of Montreal (BMO)
• Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC)
• Additionally, online banking institutions,
such as Tangerine and Simplii Financial, are
becoming a popular option for Canadians
who prefer to manage their finances online.
Internet
Students can access quality internet and
mobile phone service in Canada. Wi-Fi internet
is available across campuses, accessible to
students through their college/university email
account, which they will create once they enroll
at the institution.
Students can order high-speed internet for their
house or apartment (if living off-campus) for
a monthly fee through local service providers.
Some of the major internet service providers are
Rogers, Bell, Telus, Shaw and Cogeco.
Cell Phones
The majority of people living in Canada
use a mobile/cell phone as their primary
communication device, however, some people
still use landline phones at their residence.
Students can bring a cell phone with them from
their home country or purchase a new one in
Canada. Apple iPhone, Samsung Galaxy, Google
Pixel, LG, Motorola and Huawei are all widely
available in Canada.
If the student is bringing their own device, they
can purchase a new SIM card and get a Bring
Your Own Device (BYOD) plan from a service
provider. If purchasing a new phone, the student
can pay for it completely and opt for a BYOD
plan, or get a monthly plan with a tab from a
service provider. When getting a tab, a portion of
the monthly payment will be credited against the
cost of the phone until it is paid for.
Students can purchase cell phone plans online,
over the phone, or by visiting any one of the
local stores. Students will need to provide a
government photo ID as well as a proof of
address. A credit check and/or a Canadian issued
credit card is often required to purchase a
monthly phone plan, however some companies
often forego this requirement for special
promotional student plans.
Pre-paid plans, on the other hand, do not require
a credit check since students pay upfront, but
they must bring their own phone or purchase a
phone from the service provider first.
Students can add a long-distance calling and/
or long-distance texting plan to stay connected
with their family overseas, or purchase prepaid
international calling cards. Alternately, and more
commonly, students can take advantage of
internet-based communication platforms, such as
Skype, WhatsApp and Telegram.
Major mobile companies in Canada are Rogers, Bell,
Telus, Fido, Virgin, Koodoo, Freedom and Public
Mobile. All of them generally offer special back-to-
school deals before the start of the school year.
Living in Canada / 45
Food Options
From grocery shopping to take out, there are
many options available on- and off-campus.
Most neighbourhoods have grocery stores and
supermarkets where students can easily get
groceries and personal care supplies.
There is also a large variety of ethnic restaurants,
specialty stores, and supermarkets that students
can eat at and shop at to stock up on their
favourite foods and stay in touch with their culture.
Entertainment, Media, and Sports
Like all urban centers around the world, Canadian
cities offer a range of entertainment options. No
matter where students stay in Canada, they will
find many activities to suit their interests.
Going out to eat, grabbing a drink, enjoying the
outdoors, or catching a movie are amongst some
of the popular student activities.
Canadians also love playing and watching sports.
Major professional sports teams in Canada include
the Toronto Raptors (basketball), Toronto Maple
Leafs (hockey), Montreal Canadiens (hockey),
Ottawa Senators (hockey), Toronto Blue Jays
(baseball), Vancouver Whitecaps (soccer), and
Saskatchewan Roughriders (football). Most
colleges and universities also have sports teams
competing against each other, as well as house
leagues (where students play against other
students from the same institution).
Outdoor winter and summer activities like skiing,
hiking and camping (sleeping outside in a tent in
nature) are also very popular in Canada.
Personal Safety
Canada is one of the most peaceful and safest
countries globally, but regrettably incidents can
happen anywhere. International students should
follow the same common-sense safety precautions
as they would anywhere in the world. Here are
some safety tips to keep in mind:
• Call 911 in any emergency. This is a central
number for police, fire and ambulance
throughout Canada.
• Reports any incidents, no matter how small,
to the police.
• Be cautious with strangers and aware of your
surroundings. Trust your instincts and leave
uncomfortable situations.
• Walk on well-lit, busy streets and avoid isolated
areas. Walk with a friend when possible. Most
schools also have campus security and “walk
home” service where trained students or security
guards would walk home with the student.
• Keep your belongings secure, and your home
and car doors locked.
• Do not leave your drinks unattended, and do
not drink and drive.
Adjusting to
Life in Canada
Canada welcomes international students with
open arms, and hundreds of thousands of
international students study happily and safely.
Despite this, coming to a completely new country
can be overwhelming. It is also natural to feel
homesick from time to time. There are many
resources and activities on campus to help
international students get to know other students,
make friends and explore their new city and
country. Students should take the time to explore
their neighbourhood and attend local events,
while remembering to stay in touch with their own
culture and their family back home and embracing
the best of both worlds.
Living in Canada / 46
Promoting Canada Important Note

In 2011, Bill C-35, a proposed amendment to the

All ApplyBoard ambassadors, whether an
Immigration Refugee Protection Act (IRPA) was
employee or a recruitment partner, have a
passed into Canadian law. Now section 91(1) of
responsibility to help students make an informed
the IRPA makes it illegal for anyone other than the
decision about their future, particularly about
following to provide advice or otherwise represent
their education options. As such, all ApplyBoard
a client during an application or proceeding with
employees and recruitment partners must always
Citizenship and Immigration Canada:
be honest and professional in all of their dealings.
You must: • Lawyers who are members in good standing
with a law society of a province or notaries
• Always be truthful in discussions with students
who are members in good standing of the
about the features of education institutions
Chambre des notaires du Québec;
and do not mislead or overpromise them.
• Any other member in good standing of a law
• Do not persuade a student/recruiter to choose
society of a province or the Chambre des
a school or program that does not suit the
notaires du Québec, including a paralegal; or
student’s goals and qualifications.
• Members in good standing of the Immigration
• Be fully knowledgeable about a school’s
Consultants of Canada Regulatory Council
programs, policies and benefits.
(ICCRC)—the governing body for immigration
consultants designated by the Minister of CIC.

Introduction / 1
Promoting Canadian Education Institutions

Do:

Verify that all information provided is accurate and up-to-date

Ensure that the information provided is easily understandable

Treat student’s information confidentially and carefully

Consider ways to add value to the service you provide to prospective students
(e.g., translating information for students/ recruiters partners who would otherwise
struggle to understand them)

Don’t:

Provide misleading information or unfair comparisons between institutions

Provide overly idealized information regarding facilities of institutions or

employment after studies

Persuade students to choose programs or school that are not in line with their
educational goals and interests

Transfer information of the students to other business without approval of the

students or recruitment partners

Provide paid immigration service to students unless legally authorised to do so

Promoting Canada / 48
Let’s #EducateTheWorld Together
Studying overseas is a big undertaking. With so
many education providers and academic courses
to choose from, it can be difficult for a student to
determine the best study option for them—and time
consuming for the trusted Recruitment Partners
who are aiding the students in their search.
ApplyBoard simplifies and streamlines the
international education process for students and
Recruitment Partners, helping more students
get accepted into their programs of choice. We
Help us #EducateTheWorld
have partnered with 1,200+ institutions across
North America to bring together a plethora of
study options in one, easy-to-use platform. Browse
the best study options and submit applications to
multiple programs directly from the ApplyBoard
Platform in just a few clicks. By leveraging artificial
intelligence and machine learning, students are
matched with the most suitable programs for them,
bringing them closer to achieving their dream
of studying abroad and fulfilling our mission of
educating the world.
Let’s #Educatetheworld / 49