WINDOW

WHAT IS WINDOW?
An opening in the wall or roof of a
building or vehicle that is fitted with
glass or other transparent material in
a frame to admit light or air and allow
people to see out.
WINDOW
ELEMENTS
WINDOW
ELEMENTS
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Casement
o 100% ventilating
o Casement windows have operating sashes that
are side hinged and usually swing outward.
o When open, the sash is able to direct
ventilation.
o The inner end of the sash may slide along a
track on the sill or jamb as the sash swings
outward.
o A pair of sashes may close on a vertical mullion
or have a floating astragal to close on each
other.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Fixed
o 0% ventilating
o Fixed windows consist of a frame and stationary
sash.
o When used in conjunction with operable
window units, the thickness of the fixed sash
should approximate the cross-sectional
dimensional of the operating sashes.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Awning and Hopper
o 100% ventilating
o Awning windows have operating sashes that
swing outward on hinges attached to the top
of their frames.
o Hopper windows have operating sashes that
swing inward on hinges attached to the
bottom of their frames.
o The sashes may be stacked vertically with
sashes closing on each other or on meeting
stiles.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operations
Sliding
o 50% ventilating
o A sliding window has two or more sashes, of
which at least one slides along horizontal
grooves or tacks.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Double-Hung
o 50% ventilating
o Double-hung windows have two vertically
sliding sashes, each in separate grooves or
tracks, closing different parts of the window.
o The sashes are held in the desired position by
means of counterweights, pretensioned
springs, or friction.
o Single-hung windows have two sashes, of
which only one is movable.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Jalousie
o 100% ventilating
o Jalousie windows have horizontal glass or
wood louvers that pivot simultaneously in a
common frame.
o Jalousies are used primarily in mild climates
to control ventilation and to cut off visibility
from the outside.
TYPES OF WINDOW | Operation
Pivot
o 100% ventilating
o Pivoting windows have sashes that rotate 90
or 180 degree about a vertical or horizontal
axis at or near their centers.
o Pivoting sashes are used in air-conditioned
multistory or high-rise buildings and
operated only for cleaning, maintenance, or
emergency ventilation.
METAL WINDOWS
o Aluminum window frames may have equal or
unequal legs, depending on the nature of the wall
construction.
o The fin created by unequal legs can serve as a
windbreak for the joint between the window unit
and the wall construction. The fin may also be
used for securing the frame to the supporting
structure.
o Sealant is required to weatherproof joints
between the window frame and the wall
construction.
METAL WINDOWS
o Head, jamb, and sill sections are
usually similar in profile.
o Weather stripping is set into
integral grooves in the frame and
sash sections.
o Thermal breaks
o Snap-in glazing bread
ALUMINUM WINDOWS
o Aluminum window frames are
relatively low in cost,
lightweight, and corrosion
resistant, but because they are
such efficient conductors of
heat, synthetic rubber or plastic
thermal breaks are required to
interrupt the flow of heat from
the warm to the cool side of the
frame.
STEEL WINDOWS
o Steel window frame and sash sections
are manufactured from hot-rolled or
cold-rolled steel. Because steel is
stronger than aluminum, these
sections are more rigid and thinner in
profile than aluminum sections, offer
narrower sightlines, and allow larger
lights to be installed in a given rough
or masonry opening.
o Steel also has a lower coefficient of
heat transfer than aluminum and
therefore steel window frames do not
normally require thermal breaks.
WOOD WINDOWS
o Wood frames are thicker than
aluminum or steel frames, but
they are also more effective as
thermal insulators. The frames
are usually of kiln-dried, clear,
straight-grain wood, factory-
treated with a water-repellant
preservative.
HARDWARE
SLIDING WINDOW
Sliding Doors and Windows w/o screen Approximate Prices
(also for Shower Enclosure w/ PVC
instead of glass)
Anodized (Silver Colored) P240 per square foot or P2,582.02 per
square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P270 per square foot or P2,904.77 per
square meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P320 per square foot or P3,442.688 per

square meter
AWNING AND CASEMENT
Awning and Casement (Swing Type) Approximate Prices
Windows w/o screen:
For panels / leaves more than 2 square feet: P350 per square foot or P3,765.44 per
Anodized (Silver Colored) square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P430 per square foot or P4,626.11 per
square meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P480 per square foot or P5,164.03 per

square meter
AWNING AND CASEMENT
Awning and Casement (Swing Type) Approximate Prices
Windows w/o screen:
For panels / leaves less than 2 square feet: P550 per square foot or P3,765.44 per
Anodized (Silver Colored) square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P630 per square foot or P4,626.11 per
square meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P680 per square foot or P5,164.03 per

square meter
FIXED WINDOW
Fixed Window 1/4" thick glass: Approximate Prices
For panels / leaves more than 2 square feet: P220 per square foot or P2,366.848 per
Anodized (Silver Colored) square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P250 per square foot or P2,689.6 per square
meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P300 per square foot or P3,227.52 per

square meter
FIXED WINDOW
Fixed Window 1/4" thick glass: Approximate Prices
For panels / leaves less than 2 square feet: P440 per square foot or P4,733.696 per
Anodized (Silver Colored) square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P500 per square foot or P5,379.2 per square
meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P600 per square foot or P6,455.04 per

square meter
JALOUSIE
Jalousie Approximate Prices
Clear/ Smoked Glass P95 per square foot or P1,022.05 per square
meter

Colored Glass P105 per square foot or P1,129.63 per

square meter

Additional for round tube/aluminum grills P610 per square foot or P1,075.84 per
for extra security protection square meter
DOOR
WHAT IS DOOR?
A barrier of wood, stone, metal,
glass, paper, leaves, hides, or a
combination of materials, installed
to swing, fold, slide, or roll in order
to close an opening to a room or
building.
DOOR &
DOOR
FRAMES
DOOR &
DOOR
FRAMES
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation
Swinging
o Exterior and interior use
o Door normally turns on hinges about a side jamb
when pushed or pulled, but may also be pivoted
from head jamb and threshold.
o Requires space around doorway for door swing
o Most convenient operation for entry and
passage.
o Most effective door type for thermal and
acoustic insulation and for weather resistance;
can be fire-rated.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation
Bypass sliding
o Exterior and interior use
o Door slide on overhead track and along guides or
a track on the floor.
o Requires no operating space but its difficult to
seal against weather and sound.
o Offers access only through 50% of doorway
width.
o Used on exterior as sliding glass door.
o Used in interiors primarily for visual screening.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation
Surface sliding
o Exterior and interior use
o Similar to a bypass sliding door but
provides access through full width of
doorway.
o No operating space required but is
difficult to weatherproof.
o Door is surface-hung on an exposed
overhead track.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation
Pocket sliding
o Interior use
o Door slides on an overhead track into and
out of a recess within the width of a wall.
o Doorway has a finished appearance when
fully open.
o Often used where a normal door swing
would interfere with the use of a space.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation
Folding
o Interior use
o Hinged door panels fold flat against one
another when opened.
o Bifold doors divide into two parts, require
little operating space, and are used
primarily as a visual screen to enclose
closet and storage spaces.
TYPES OF DOOR | Materials
Wooden or Glass or glazed
Timber o Glass door add
o Interior use richness, beauty
o These door and light to any
provide doorway in your
soundproofing, home.
insulation or
security. They
are easy to
install and clean.
TYPES OF DOOR | Materials
Steel PVC
o Interior and
o PVC door is light
exterior use
in weight and
o These door have
easy to use.
a steel face with
o It is made softer
a foam core for
and more
insulation. They
flexible by the
are very strong
addition of
as compared to
plasticizers.
other doors.
TYPES OF DOOR | Materials
Aluminum Glazed Door
o Aluminum with glass panel is most
commonly used in commercial
applications. They are strong, durable
and used as security door.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation of door
shutter
Rolling Revolving
o Rolling shutter o Revolving
door is mostly door is mostly
used in used in heavy
garages and traffic areas
shops. i.e. public
o These are very buildings,
strong and hospitals, etc.
offer proper
safety.
TYPES OF DOOR | Operation of door
shutter
Collapsible
o Collapsible door is used for the main
entrance of the residential buildings,
shops. These doors can be opened
or closed by slight pull or push.
o It acts like a steel curtain.
TYPES OF DOOR | Method on
construction
Panel
o Panelled doors, or traditional joinery
doors, have a long history. They have
been around for millennia and are
made from components – rails, stiles
and infill panels – that are
assembled to create the door.
TYPES OF DOOR |
Method on construction
• Flush
• A Flush door is a flat door having a
flush surface and is not divided into
any panels or moldings. It is
composed of a wooden framework
which is covered by ply, MDF Board or
Natural wood on both sides.
• It is further finished with
paint, veneers or laminate finish in
various colours and designs.
Difference between Flush and Panel Door
- Panel doors are much more expensive than Flush doors.
- Flush Doors are very good insulators of sound while panel doors are not.
- Flush doors can perform well as fire resistant doors while panel doors are more prone to fire.
- Panel doors are aesthetically more appealing than Flush doors.
- Flush doors are termite resistant while Panel doors are not.
- Flush doors are easier to clean and maintain in comparison to Panel doors.
- Flush door are easy to manufacture .They are made in factories and have to made as per precise
measurements required at site. The manufacture and fabrication of Panel doors require a lot of
detailing and is time consuming.
- Panel doors are manufactured with traditional wood joiners like stiles, rails and infills.Flush doors
are a wooden framework filled with solid core material and finished with a plywood top. They are
further finished with laminate, paint or veneer to match with the interiors.
TYPES OF DOOR | Method on
construction
Louvered Door
o Louvered door is used
when privacy with natural
ventilation and quietness
for rest is desired.
o Louver design in indoors
gives some elegance in Wire gauged
o Wire Gauged door is
terms of look and style.
widely used in house for
The Louver is made of preventing the insects and
glass, timber or plywood. mosquitoes from entering
Proper louver design into the house.
permits air flow for good
ventilation.
FINISHES
DOOR KNOBS| Gold Tones
BRIGHT BRASS SATIN BRASS ANTIQUE BRASS

A highly effective, warm Bold without being over the Rich brown hues and golden
golden sheen for a vintage top, with the perfect amount undertones in a warm,
appeal. of understand style. welcoming appearance.
DOOR KNOBS| Silver Tones
BRIGHT CHROME SATIN CHROME POLISHED NICKEL

A mirror-like finish for a It’s subtle luster is edgy and It’s adaptability allows it to blend
contemporary or retro setting. alluring, but never grandiose. into nearly any decor without
being overlooked.
DOOR KNOBS| Silver Tones
SATIN NICKEL DISTRESSED ANTIQUE PEWTER
NICKEL

The brushed silver hues Texture and full of character. Its It is traditionally composed of
flatter and complement any antique, rustic look is unique to 85%- 99% tin mixed with copper.
décor style. each piece.
DOOR KNOBS| Bronze-to-Black
Tones
OIL-RUBBED BRONZE AGED BRONZE MATTE BLACK

Perfect for rustic, blending Warm, copper tones that break It is striking, versatile
seamlessly into Mediterranean through a darker, aged exterior. appearance bridges traditional
settings. and modern styles.
DOOR HINGES| Butt Hinges
FULL-MORTISE
They have both leaves fully
mortised into the abutting
surfaces of a door and door
jamb so that only the knuckle is
visible when the door is closed.
TEMPLATE
Are mortise hinges
manufactured to fit the recess
and match the arrangement of
holes of hollow metal doors and
frames; non-template hinges
are used for wood doors.
HALF-MORTISE
Half-mortise hinges have one
leaf mortised into the edge of a
door and the other surface-
mounted to the doorframe.
DOOR HINGES| Butt Hinges
HALF-SURFACE FULL-SURFACE
Half-mortise hinges have one leaf mortised Full-surface hinges have two leaves surface-
into the edge of a door and the other surface- mounted to the adjacent faces of a door and
mounted to the doorframe. door frame.
DOOR HINGES| Special Purpose Hinges
PARLIAMENT OLIVE KNUCKLE SPRING

It has T-shaped leaves and a Olive knuckle hinges have a It contains coiled springs in their
protruding knuckle so that a single, pivoting joint and an barrels for closing a door
door can stand away from the oval-shaped knuckle. automatically.
wall when fully opened.
DOOR HINGES| Special Purpose Hinges
HARDWARE
SLIDING DOOR
Sliding Doors w/o screen (also for Approximate Prices
Shower Enclosure w/ PVC instead of
glass
Anodized (Silver Colored) P240 per square foot or P2,582.02 per
square meter

Analok (Dark Brown Colored) P270 per square foot or P2,904.77 per
square meter

Powdercoated (White/Colored P320 per square foot or P3,442.688 per

square meter
GLASS DOOR
12mm / 1/2"-thick Glass Door w/ Approximate Prices
Closer

Tempered Glass on FD100 Top and P15,000 per set

Bottom Frame

Non-tempered Glass on FD100 Top and P13,000 per set

Bottom Frame

Tempered Glass on Stainless Patch P29,000 per set

Fitting (Frameless)

- Additional for frosted glass - P2500/set

- Additional for frostic sticker for frosted look- P1000/set
Sources:
• https://archive.org/details/FrancisD.K.ChingBuildingConstructionIllust
ratedWiley2014_201606/page/n295
• https://www.sanssoucie.com/etched-glass-product/description-e-
door-parts-illustration