September, 2019

MULUNGUSHI UNIVERSITY (SSET)

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (EGM 211)
APPLICATION OF DIFFERENTIATION SHEET 1
11AA
1. Differentiate the following with respect to 𝑥.
a. tan2 𝑥 b. (5𝑥 + 6)6 c. ln cos 3𝑥 d. 𝑙𝑜𝑔10 (𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1)

2𝑥
𝑥4 𝑒 4𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
e. 𝑒 sin 3𝑥 f. g. f. cos 4 3𝑥
(𝑥 + 1)2 𝑥 cos 2𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
2. If 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 23, find 𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑥 2 at the point where 𝑥 = −2 , 𝑦 = 3.
𝑑𝑦
3. Find the expression for 𝑑𝑥 when 𝑥 3 + 𝑦 3 + 4𝑥𝑦 2 = 5.
𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
4. If 𝑥 = 3(1 − cos 𝜗) and 𝑦 = 3(𝜗 − sin 𝜗) find 𝑑𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 in their simplest forms.
𝑑𝑥 2

5. Differentiate with respect to 𝑥.

cos 𝑥 + sin 𝑥
a. ln{ } b. ln(sec 𝑥 + tan 𝑥) 𝑐. sin4 𝑥 cos3 𝑥
cos 𝑥 − sin 𝑥
1 − 𝑥2
d. 𝑦 = ln( )
1 + 𝑥2
𝑒𝑡 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
6. If 𝑦 is a function of 𝑥, and 𝑥 = 𝑒 𝑡+1 show that = 𝑥(1 − 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 .
𝑑𝑡

7. Differentiate:
3
sin2 5𝑥 2𝑥
𝑥−2 4
a. y=e b. 𝑦 = ln 𝑒 {( ) } c. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 cos2 𝑥
𝑥+2

d. y = ln {𝑥 2 √1 − 𝑥 2 }
𝑑𝑦
8. If (𝑥 − 𝑦)3 = 𝐴(𝑥 + 𝑦), prove that(2𝑥 + 𝑦) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 + 2𝑦.

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9. An alternating current, 𝑖 amperes, is given by 𝑖 = 10 sin 2𝜋𝑓 𝑡, where 𝑓 is the frequency in
hertz and 𝑡 the time 0-in seconds. Determine the rate of change of current when 𝑡 = 20𝑚𝑠,
given that 𝑓 = 150𝐻𝑧.
𝑡
10. The voltage across the plates of a capacitor at any time 𝑡 seconds is given by 𝑣 = 𝑉 𝑒 −𝐶𝑅 ,
where 𝑉 , 𝐶 and 𝑅 are constants. Given 𝑉 = 300𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑡𝑠, 𝐶 = 0.12 × 10−6 𝐹 and 𝑅 = 4 ×
106 .
find
(a) the initial rate of change of voltage, and
(b) the rate of change of voltage after 0.5 𝑠.
11. At any time 𝑡 seconds the distance 𝑥 metres of a particle moving in a straight line from a
fixed point is given by 𝑥 = 4𝑡 + 𝑙𝑛(1 − 𝑡 ). Determine (a) the initial velocity and
acceleration (b) the velocity and acceleration after 1.5s. (𝑐) The time when the velocity is
zero.
12. Find the turning points and distinguish between them.
a. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 b. 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 3 + 3 𝑥 2 − 60 𝑥 − 12 c. 𝑦 = 5 𝑥 − 2 𝑙𝑛𝑥

d. 𝑦 = 2 𝑥 − 𝑒 𝑥

2 2
13. Show that the curve 𝑦 = 3 (𝑡 − 1)3 + 2𝑡 (𝑡 − 2) has a maximum value of 3 and a minimum

value of −2.
14. The speed, 𝑣, of a car (𝑖𝑛 𝑚/𝑠) is related to time t s by the equation 𝑣 = 3 + 12𝑡 − 3𝑡 2 .
Determine the maximum speed of the car in 𝑘𝑚/ℎ.
15. Determine the maximum area of a rectangular piece of land that can be enclosed by 1200m
of fencing.
16. A lidless box with square ends is to be made from a thin sheet of metal. Determine the least
area of the metal for which the volume of the box is 3.5 𝑚3.
17. A closed cylindrical container has a surface area of 400𝑐𝑚2. Determine the dimensions for
maximum volume.
18. The power developed in a resistor 𝑅 by a battery of emf 𝐸 and internal resistance 𝑟 is given
𝐸2 𝑅
by 𝑃 = (𝑅+𝑟)2 . Differentiate 𝑃 with respect to 𝑅 and show that the power is a maximum

when 𝑅 = 𝑟.

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