PHILADELPHIA

UNIVERSITY
Faculty of Engineering and
Technology
Department of Mechanical
Engineering

.Engineering Measurement Lab

Experiment Name : Characteristics of the humidity sensor, flow

sensor and pressure sensor

Experiment # : ( 8 )

Date of the Lab Report : 2/5/2020

:Submitted by

ID number Students name

201620119 hani banat •

: Submitted
to
Eng. Nessreen O. Al-Zboon
 Abstract •

Humidity is one of the most commonly measured physi-cal quantities and is of great
importance in a wide varietyof commercial and industrial applications, including
thoseassociated with building ventilation control, clean rooms inthe semiconductor
and automotive industries, environmen-tal chambers for the testing of electronics,
industrial dry-ing, and process monitoring in the chemicals,
electronics,food/beverage, pharmaceutical, cosmetics and biomedicalanalysis
industries.Humidity is defined as a measure of the water vaporpresent in a gas. Two
common parameters in associatedwith humidity measurement are absolute
humidity and rel-ative humidity. Absolute humidity is referred to a measureof the
mass of water vapor in a unit volume. Similarly,relative humidity is defined as the
ratio of the water-vaporpressure present to the water-vapor pressure required
forsaturation at a given temperature. The relative humidity isrelated to ambient
temperature. Water vapor is a naturalcomponent of air, and the relative humidity
(RH) of thewater vapor and air mixture is defined as the ratio of themass of water
vapor in a unit volume compared to the massof water vapor which that volume
could hold if the vapor were saturated at the mixture temperature

Introduction •

The warmer the air is, the more water vapour it can ‘hold’. Humidity is an
expression used to describe the amount of water vapour in the air. ‘Relative
Humidity (RH)’ is the term used most often in weather information meant for the
public. Relative humidity is the amount of water vapour actually in the air compared
with the amount of vapour needed to make the air saturated at the air’s current
temperature. It is expressed as a percentage and can be computed in a variety of
.ways

Materials and Equipment •

Power supply •

DL 2312HG SENSORS AND TRANSDUCERS TRAINER •

coil meter •
meter length of conducting wire 1 •
 Amplifier •

Pressure sensor , Flow sensor , Humidity sensor •

Procedure •

Humidity sensor •

Connect on the circuit Connect the moving coil meter to the output of the
HUMIDITY SENSOR.Note at the beginning the value signed on the meter. Try
now to blow on the sensor (blu area) and note the movement of the
instrument’s index indicating the change in humidity felt by the sensor.If you
need more precision in the values try to connect the output of the sensor to the
input of an amplifier (1 or 2 in DL 2312AMPHG) adjusting either the fine and/or
the coarse gains.Make more tests to understand in detail the behaviour and
characteristics of the humidity

.sensor

Flow sensor •

Connect on the circuit Connect the moving coil meter to the output of the
.FLOW SENSOR

Note at the beginning the value signed on the meter.Try now to pump air in the
sensor (upper orifice) through the supplied syringe and note the movement of
the instrument’s index indicating the change in flow felt by the sensor. Remove
the tube from the upper orifice of the sensor and put it into the lower one and
try again to pump air and observe the indications in the moving coil meter in
this case. If you need more precision in the values try to connect the output of
the sensor to the input of an amplifier (1 or 2 in DL 2312AMPHG) adjusting
either the fine and/or the coarse gains. Make more tests to understand in detail
the behaviour and characteristics of the flow sensor

Pressure sensor •
 Connect the circuit as shown in figure . Connect the moving coil meter
to the output of the PRESSURE SENSOR. Adjust the fine gain of the
AMPLIFIER 1 to 0.50. Adjust the coarse gain control of the AMPLIFIER 1
to 100. Note at the beginning the value signed on the meter.
Experiment two Try now to pump air in the sensor (the right orifice _
continuous line) through the supplied syringe and note the movement
of the instrument’s index indicating the change in pressure felt by the
sensor. Remove the tube from the right orifice of the sensor and put it
into the left one (dashed line) and try again to pump air and observe the
indications in the moving coil meter in this case (it must be opposite to
the latter case). Make more tests to understand in detail the behaviour
and characteristics of the pressure sensor

Collected Data •

:Humidity sensor •

Third blow Second blow First blow

207.8 207.5 207.2 Output volt ( mV)
Table 1. data for Experiment

:Flow sensor •

Upper: quickly >> 3.5v Slowly >> 2v

Lower: quickly>>3.5v Slowly>> 1.5v
:Pressure sensor •

:Upper
ml 5 ml 4 ml 3 ml 2 ml 1
14 14 12.7 10.8 8 Output volt
(mV)
Table 2. data for Experiment

:Lower
ml 5 ml 4 ml 3 ml 2 ml 1
14.9- 14.3- 13.2- 11.6- 7.4- Output volt
)mV(
Table 3. data for Experiment

Calculations and Results •

Figure 1: curve of out put voltage (mv)-number of below

Figure 2: curve of out putvoltage (mv)- ml

Figure 3: curve of out putvoltage (mv)- ml

 Discussion and Conclusions •

Humidity sensors are widely applied in the environmen-tal monitoring, electronics,

agricultural, and bio-medicalfields. For many applications, not only humidity, but
alsotemperature is an important factor. Therefore, there existsa strong demand for
simply-fabricated integrated humidityand temperature sensors in many
fields.Miniaturization technology has facilitated the develop-ment of micro humidity
sensors, which generally adoptvapor-absorbent films as their sensing
materials.2731707680The electric/mechanical properties of these films
changeas the relative humidity changes, and these changes allowthe precise value of
the relative humidity to be determined.However, it still remains challenging to
develop a sensorwhich provides a complete set of favorable characteristics,e.g. good
linearity, high sensitivity, low hysteresis and rapidresponse time.This review paper
has briefly introduced the optical-,gravimetric-, capacitive-, resistive-, piezoresistive-
andintegrated-types of humidity sensors. New fabrication pro-cesses are under
continuous development in the commer-cial and research fields. In today’s market,
there exists anincreasing requirement for low cost, highly reliable func-tional
humidity sensors. The integrated sensor discussed inthis review paper represents an
appropriate choice to satisfythis demand

References •

R. V. Dabhade, D. S. Bodas, and S. A. Gangal, Sens. Actuators B98, 37 (2004).29. M.

Matsuguchi, M. Yoshida, T. Kuroiwa, and T. Ogura, Sens. Actu-ators B 102, 97
(2004).30. R. K. Nahar and V. K. Khanna, Sens. Actuators B 46, 35 (1998).31. R. K.
Nahar, Sens. Actuators B 63, 49 (2000).32. R. C. Erson, R. S. Muller, and C. W. Tobias,
Sens. Actuators A 23,835 (1990)