BFC 32202 Engineers - Society Chapter 2 (Student Copy) PDF

BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY
PROFESSIONALISM IN
ENGINEERING
CHAPTER TWO
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BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL ENGINEER
• Professional engineers (PE or P.Eng) in

Malaysia bear the title “Ir.”, which
stands for “ingenieur”.
• To gain this status, you need to
complete your education, register as a
new engineer, complete three years of
professional experience and pass an
examination proving you have attained
the expertise necessary to handle
projects or research independently.
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• PE licensure is the engineering profession's

highest standard of competence, a symbol of
achievement and assurance of quality.
• To a client, it means you have got the
credentials to earn their trust. To an
employer, it signals your ability to take on a
higher level of responsibility. Among your
colleagues, it demands respect. To yourself, it
is a symbol of pride and measure of your own
hard-won achievement.
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Graduate Engineer
• Once you obtain an engineering degree that is accredited by the Board of Engineers
Malaysia (BEM) and Engineering Accreditation Council (EAC), you can apply to
register as a graduate engineer.
• A Graduate Engineer who is registered with BEM may take up employment which
requires him to perform professional engineering services.
• A Graduate Engineer will be entitled to describe himself or hold himself out under
any name, style or title using the abbreviation “Grad.Eng.” after his name or in any
way associate with his name.
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Professional Engineer
• After three years as a graduate engineer, you can apply to become a professional
engineer.
• A Professional Engineer who is registered with BEM may:
• take up employment which requires him to carry out or perform professional
engineering services;
• be entitled to describe himself or hold himself out under any name, style or title
• bearing the words "Professional Engineer" or the equivalent thereto in any other
language;
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• bearing any other word whatsoever in any language which may reasonably be
construed to imply that he is a Professional Engineer; or
• using the abbreviation “Ir.” before his name or the abbreviation “P.Eng.” after his
name or in any way in association with his name;
• use or display any sign, board, card or other device representing or implying that he
is a Professional Engineer;
• use the stamp as may be determined by BEM.
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Route to becoming a Professional Engineer in Malaysia
Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination
Route 2: Corporate Member of Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)
Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body
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Route 1: Professional Assessment Examination

i. obtained 3 years practical experience as specified in Regulation 22(1) which shall
include the following:
a. at least two years of general training that will provide a sound basis for
professional development; and
b. at least one year of professional career development and training providing
wide exposure to the various managerial and technical expertise in
engineering practice where;
c. at least one year of the above training must be obtained in Malaysia under the
supervision of a Professional Engineer in the same branch of engineering as
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that practised by the Graduate Engineer.

• Professional Engineers in other related branches of engineering may be
accepted with the prior approval of the Board.
ii. has passed a Professional Assessment Examination conducted by BEM.
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Route 2: Corporate Member of IEM

1. a Corporate Member of the Institution of Engineers Malaysia (IEM).
2. has complied with the requirements as determined by BEM as follows:
i. has obtained 3 years practical experience as specified in Regulation 22(1)
which shall include the following:
a. at least two years of general training that will provide a sound basis for
professional development; and
b. at least one year of professional career development and training providing
wide exposure to the various managerial and technical expertise in
engineering practice where;
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c. at least one year of the above training must be obtained in Malaysia under
the supervision of a Professional Engineer in the same branch of
engineering as that practised by the Graduate Engineer.
• Professional Engineers in other related branches of engineering may be
accepted with the prior approval of BEM.
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Route 3: Overseas Regulatory Body

i. The applicant need not sit and pass the Professional Assessment Examination or
be corporate member of IEM.
ii. Applicant shall submit to BEM a certified latest Professional Engineer Certificate
issued by a Regulatory Body of other country.
iii. The professional engineers status shall be check that it is equivalent to BEM’s
professional engineer qualifications eligibility.
iv. The applicant is not entitle to be registered as a Professional Engineer if at any
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time prior to his registration there exist any facts or circumstances which would
have entitled the Disciplinary Committee to cancel his registration pursuant to
Section 15 of the Registration of Engineers Act 1967 (Revised 2015).
v. Summary of practical experience not less than 3 years using company letterhead
certified by a PE in same branch of engineering at which the applicant did his
practical experience and;
vi. has complied with the requirements as determined by BEM.
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ENGINEERING INSTITUTIONS IN MALAYSIA
• An engineering institution (association or society) is a professional organisation for

engineers of various disciplines. Some are umbrella-type organisations that accept
different disciplines, while others are discipline-specific.
• By becoming a member of an engineering institution, you will:
• meet other engineers that will help build and expand your professional network.
• gain access to online resources such as manuals, standards, journals, reports and
conference proceedings.
• get updates on new policies and standards.
• have the opportunity to join events such as meetings, forums, technical courses,
conferences, campaigns and community programs.
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• be part of a support network that provides practical, legal, business and financial advice.
• gain knowledge and experience under the mentorship program for graduate engineers
who aspire to become professional engineers.
• be able to give back to society by becoming mentors to young engineers and inspiring
students who aspire to become engineers.
• In Malaysia, there are several institutions that a civil engineer can be a member of:
• Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)
• Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)
• Institution of Engineering and Technology Malaysia (IET)
• Malaysian Society of Engineering and Technology (MySET)
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• Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM)

• Road Engineering Association of Malaysia (REAM)
• Concrete Society of Malaysia (CSM)
• Cement & Concrete Society of Malaysia (C&CA)
• Transportation Science Society of Malaysia (TSSM)
• Malaysian Hydrological Society (MHS)
• Malaysian Geotechnical Society (MGS)
• Association of Environmental Consultants & Contractors in Malaysia (AECCOM)
• Malaysian Green Building Confederation (MGBC)
• Malaysian Water Association (MWA)
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Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM)

• A statutory authority founded in 1972 representing the engineering profession in
Malaysia, with over 100,000 members.
• Under the administration of the Ministry of Works and established under the
Registration of Engineers Act 1967.
• Primary roles:
1. To facilitate the registration of Professional Engineers, Graduate Engineers, Accredited
Checkers, Engineering Technologists, Inspectors of Works and Engineering Consultancy
Practices.
2. To regulate the professional conduct and practice of registered person in order to safeguard
the safety and interest of the public.
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• Functions:
1. Maintain the register, which contains the names, addresses and other
particulars of all registered persons.
2. Process applications for registration by scrutinising applications to ensure
compliance with the Act and the policy of BEM.
3. Assess academic qualifications offered by local educational institutions:
a. Engineering degree programmes, assessed by the Engineering
Accreditation Council (EAC).
b. Engineering technology programmes, assessed by the Engineering
Technology Accreditation Council (ETAC).
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4. Regulate the conduct and ethics of the engineering profession.

5. Hear and determine disputes relating to professional conduct and ethics of
registered engineers.
6. Fix the scale of fees by determining mode of remuneration, quantum and
conditions of payment.
7. Act as a stakeholder in a contract for professional engineering services when
requested.
8. Publish “The Ingenieur”, a quarterly magazine used as a communication tool
for BEM to disseminate information such as activities, regulations, code of
ethics, career development and guidelines.
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9. Promote continued learning and education by:

a. providing financial assistance to a seminar or conference organised by a
non-profit making organisations.The seminar or conference must be
technical one that will benefit the registered engineers.
b. giving grants to selected types of study related to engineering, or
contributing prizes for selected competitions related to engineering.
c. encouraging all registered engineers to continually improve themselves
through Continuous Professional Development (CPD) programmes.
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Institute of Engineers Malaysia (IEM)

• Established in 1959 with over 30,000 members, IEM promotes and advances the
science and profession of engineering in any or all of its disciplines, and facilitates the
exchange of information and ideas related to engineers.
• Mission:
• promote sound professional engineering practice in support of the socio-economic
development objectives of the nation.
• service the needs and interests of its members and the public and uphold the social standing
image of the engineering profession.
• contribute towards nation building and shall strive to enhance society's consciousness of
science an technology.
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• Objectives:
• To hold meetings, exhibitions and visits, and such other activities that are incidental
or conducive to the promotion or attainment of the profession of engineering.
• To raise the character and status, and advance the interests of the profession of
engineering and those engaged therein.
• To promote honourable practice and professional etiquette among members.
• To communicate to members information on all matters affecting the profession of
engineering and to print, publish, issue and circulate such publications.
• To do such other things the Institution may think incidental or conducive to the
attainment of the aforesaid objectives.
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• Membership:
• IEM memberships consists of two classes: Corporate Members and Non-
Corporate Members.
• Corporate Members are all engineers and may be either one of these 6 grades:
• Distinguished Honorary Fellow
• Honorary Fellow
• Fellow
• Distinguished Member
• Senior Member
• Member
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• Only Corporate Members are eligible to vote, to requisition meetings and to be

elected to the Council.
• Non-Corporate Members may be either one of these 9 grades:
• Distinguished Honorary Fellow • Affiliate Member
• Honorary Fellow • Associate Member
• Honorary Member • Student Member
• Companion
• Graduate Member
• Incorporated Member
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ENGINEERING AND MORAL COMPLEXITY
• Moral values are embedded in the engineering process itself, rather than merely
imposed on it by external rules and laws.
• Ethical issues arise as a product develops from a mental concept to physical
completion (refer to next slide).
• Engineers encounter both moral and technical problems concerning:
• Variability in the materials available to them
• The quality of work by co-workers at all levels
• Pressures imposed by time and the impulse of the marketplace
• Relationships of authority within corporations
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• The manifold activities of engineers can be summarised as follows:
Initiation of Task Design Manufacture Implementation Final Tasks
• Idea, specific request, • Concept, goals, • Scheduling of tasks • Advertising, sales and • Geriatric service:
or market demand preliminary design • Purchasing financing Rebuilding, recycling
• Performance components and • Operating and parts • Disposal of materials
specifications materials manuals and wastes
• Preliminary analysis • Fabrication of parts • Shipping and
• Detailed analysis: • Assembly / installation, operator
Simulation / construction training.
prototyping • Quality control / • Provisions for safety
• Specifications for testing measures and devices
materials and • Use of the product
components • Field service:
• Detailed shop drawings Maintenance, repairs,
spare parts
• Monitoring social and
environmental effects
• Reporting findings to
parties at possible risk
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• Dealing with the complexity requires close cooperation among the engineers of
many different departments and disciplines.
• It is not uncommon for engineering organisations to suffer from “silo mentality”
which makes engineers disregard or hold in low esteem the work carried out by
other groups other than their own.
• It will be difficult to improve a design or even to rectify mistakes under such
circumstances.
• Engineers do well to establish contact with colleagues so that information can be
exchanged freely. Such contacts become important when there is a need to tackle
morally complex problems.
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• Problems that arise in the stages of the engineering process may be caused by:
• Lack of vision as a result of overlooking suitable alternatives, or accepting alternatives
without critical thinking.
• Incompetence among engineers carrying out technical tasks.
• Lack of time or proper materials, which are attributed to poor management.
• Silo mentality, which keeps information compartmentalised rather than shared across
different departments.
• The notion that there are safety engineers somewhere down the line to catch potential
problems.
• Improper use or disposal of the product by an unwary owner or user.
• Dishonesty in any activity in the engineering process.
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• Engineers need foresight, caution and the ability to construct scenarios to help them
imagine who may be affected indirectly by their products and decisions, in good or
harmful ways.
• There are many elements that link to engineers either personally or through their
work to clients, the community, organisations representing their industry, their
profession, the government, and even the natural environment (refer to next slide).
• The problem of conflicting priorities and loyalties is one engineers will come across
again and again. This will require engineers to make the right decisions because some
decisions could threaten the engineer’s job security.
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Global Environment Engineering Firm

(society & nature) Family
Engineer
Manager Colleagues
Industry (other firms) Engineering Profession Clients or consumers

(societies)
Law, Government and

Public Agencies
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ENGINEERING AND SAFETY
• Ensuring safety is a foremost duty of

engineers. The following criteria must
be met to help ensure a safe design.
1. The minimum requirement is that
a design must comply with the
applicable laws. This requirement
should be easy to meet, since
legal standards for product safety
are generally well known, are
published, and are easily
accessible.
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ENGINEERING AND SAFETY
2. A design must meet the standard of accepted engineering practice. Engineers

cannot create a design that is less safe than what everyone else in the
profession understands to be acceptable.
3. Alternative designs that are potentially safer must be explored. Engineers
should discuss alternative design strategies with others in their field.
4. The engineer must attempt to foresee potential misuses of the product by the
consumer, design to avoid these problems and even design to protect when
someone misuses the product.
5. Once the product is designed, both prototypes and finished devices must be
rigorously tested to determine whether the product meets the specifications
and is safe to use.
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ETHICS IN THE ENGINEERING PROFESSION
What is Ethics?
• Ethics is a system of moral principles. They affect how
people make decisions and lead their lives.
• Ethics is concerned with what is good for individuals
and society, and is also described as moral philosophy.
• Ethics covers the following:
• how to live a good life
• our rights and responsibilities
• the language of right and wrong
• moral decisions - what is good and bad?
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• Engineering is an important and learned

profession. Engineers are expected to
exhibit the highest standards of honesty
and integrity.
• Engineering has a direct and vital impact
on the quality of life for all people.
Accordingly, the services provided by
engineers require honesty, impartiality,
fairness, and equity, and must be
dedicated to the protection of the
public health, safety, and welfare.
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• Engineers must perform under a standard of professional behaviour that requires

adherence to the highest principles of ethical conduct.
• Thus ethics is not peripheral to, or an add-on to, engineering. It is integral to the
practice of engineering, part of engineering problem solving.
• Safety and guarding against avoidable harm are built into engineering; they are the
principles that underlie engineering codes and standards.
Keep integrity and your work ethics intact.

So what if it means you have to work harder;
an honorable character is your best calling
card, and that’s something anyone can have.
Kathy Ireland
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Ethics and Morality

• Ethics and morality are concerned with many forms of belief about good and bad,
right and wrong, appropriate and inappropriate human behaviour, rights, virtue and
vice.
• Ethics and morality are studies of what we must do, and how we must behave from a
moral viewpoint, as opposed to an economic, religious, political or prudential
viewpoint.
• “What we must do” may be different from “how we must do” from a moral
perspective.
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• Example:
If I want to get to an important meeting on
time, it might be prudent to exceed the
speed limits as I drive to the meeting. In this
case, I must speed.
But we know that morally, it is wrong to
speed.Therefore, from a moral perspective, I
must not speed.
• This is often the case, where there is a
difference between what one must do
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morally and what one must do to achieve a non-moral goal, such as an economic
goal.
• The kinds of situations that are particularly challenging in ethics are those that
involve an ethical dilemma.
• An ethical dilemma exists whenever moral reasons or

considerations can be offered to support two or more
Ethical opposing courses of action.
Dilemma • Example: Respect for individual self-determination could be offered as a moral
reason to support a person’s decision not to wear seatbelts while respect for
the value of human life may be used to support or justify mandatory seatbelt
laws.
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• An ethical dilemma is not the same as an ethical issue.
• An ethical issue is a general topic or problem involving moral

rules, principles and norms.
• Ethical issues are caused by major differences of opinion and
Ethical Issue disagreement concerning what is morally correct.
• Examples:
• Physician-assisted suicide is an ethical issue in medicine.
• Vendor policies, perks and gifts are ethical issues in business.
• Weapons research is an ethical issue in engineering.
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• Engineering ethics can be further divided into:

• Microethics – concerned with individuals and the internal relations of the
engineering profession. Microethics can be at two levels; individual and
professional. The individual ethics include honesty, integrity, fairness, etc., while
professional ethics at micro level include adherence to safety, quality, etc.
• Macroethics – concerned with the collective, social responsibility of the
engineering profession and societal decisions about technology. Macroethics
looks at bigger picture issues such as sustainability, poverty, social justice, and
bioethics, which need to be addressed by the engineering profession (and
society) as a whole. Macroethics typically covers certain professional and social
ethics.
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Engineering Ethics
Microethics Macroethics
Personal Ethics Professional Ethics Professional Ethics Social Ethics
Competence, Product Liability,

Honesty, Sustainable
Adherence to Environmental
Integrity, Development,
Safety, Ensuring Protection, Public
Fairness, etc. Bioethics, etc.
Quality, etc. Welfare, etc.
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Microethics
• Personal ethics – include personal qualities like decency, honesty and truthfulness.
Technical ethics and ethical responsibility also define the engineer.
• Technical Ethics
• the technical decisions and judgements made by engineers.
• microlevel analysis of individual technologies or practitioners.
• respecting intellectual property rights.
• Ethical responsibility
• making wise choices when such choices unexpectedly present themselves.
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• a willingness to engage others in the crucial choices.

• making choices on issues that confront technological society and how
intelligently to confront them.
• Professional ethics – the moral responsibility of engineers that covers
• professional relationships between engineers and other individuals who are their
managers, clients, colleagues and employers.
• the role of engineers in the industry and other organisations, professional
engineering societies, and responsibilities of the profession.
• Both personal and professional responsibilities are represented in a code of ethics
that is covered under professional competencies in the organisation.
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Macroethics
• Macroethics is generally not captured by professional codes of conduct. Macroethics
covers certain professional and social ethics as follows:
• Professional ethics – is concerned with
• the collective social responsibility of the engineering profession.
• the collective action that can transcend international boundaries.
• issues that affect all members of the profession.
• ethical implications such as risk and product liability.
• Social ethics – is concerned with
• technology policy decisions at the societal level.
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• macro level analysis of technology as a whole.

• ethical implications of public policy issues, sustainable development,
healthcare, and information and communication technology.
• ethical issues generated by new developments such as nano-
technology, cyber weapons, etc.
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CODE OF ETHICS IN ENGINEERING
• A code of ethics (or code of conduct)

has value as both an internal guideline
and an external statement of
corporate values and commitments.
• A well-written code of conduct
clarifies an organisation's mission,
values and principles, linking them with
standards of professional conduct.
• The code articulates the values the
organisation wishes to foster in
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leaders and employees and, in doing so, defines desired behaviour.

• As a result, written codes of conduct or ethics can become benchmarks against
which individual and organizational performance can be measured.
• Additionally, a code is a central guide and reference for employees to support day-
to-day decision making.
• It encourages discussions of ethics and compliance, empowering employees to
handle ethical dilemmas they encounter in everyday work.
• It can also serve as a valuable reference, helping employees locate relevant
documents, services and other resources related to ethics within the organisation.
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• Externally, a code serves several important purposes:

• Compliance: Legislation requires individuals serving on boards and organizational
leaders of public companies to implement codes or clearly explain why they
have not.
• Marketing: A code serves as a public statement of what the company stands for
and its commitment to high standards and right conduct.
• Risk Mitigation: Organisations with codes of ethics can reduce the financial risks
associated with government fines for ethical misconduct by demonstrating they
have made a "good faith effort" to prevent illegal acts.
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ASCE Code Of Ethics

• One of the most well-known codes of ethics is the one by the American Society of
Civil Engineers (ASCE).
• The ASCE Code of Ethics states that engineers should uphold and advance the
integrity, honour and dignity of the engineering profession by:
1. using their knowledge and skill for the enhancement of human welfare and the
environment.
2. being honest and impartial and serving with fidelity the public, their employers and
clients.
3. striving to increase the competence and prestige of the engineering profession.
4. supporting the professional and technical societies of their disciplines.
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• The ASCE Code of Ethics outlines 8 canons (rules) for civil engineers to follow:
1. Hold Safety Paramount
• Engineers shall hold paramount the safety, health and welfare of the
public and shall strive to comply with the principles of sustainable
development in the performance of their professional duties.
2. Service With Competence
• Engineers shall perform services only in areas of their competence.
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3. Issue True Statements
• Engineers shall issue public statements only in an objective and truthful

manner.
4. Act As A Faithful Agent
• Engineers shall act in professional matters for each employer or client as

faithful agents or trustees, and shall avoid conflicts of interest.
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5. Reputation By Merit
• Engineers shall build their professional reputation on the merit of their

services and shall not compete unfairly with others.
6. Uphold Professional Honour
• Engineers shall act in such a manner as to uphold and enhance the

honour, integrity, and dignity of the engineering profession and shall act
with zero tolerance for bribery, fraud, and corruption.
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7. Continue Professional Development
• Engineers shall continue their professional development throughout

their careers, and shall provide opportunities for the professional
development of those engineers under their supervision.
8. Treat All Persons Fairly
• Engineers shall, in all matters related to their profession, treat all persons
fairly and encourage equitable participation without regard to gender or
gender identity, race, national origin, ethnicity, religion, age, sexual
orientation, disability, political affiliation, or family, marital, or economic
status.
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ICE Code Of Professional Conduct

• The Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) in UK emphasises on engineers’ duty to
behave ethically or in other words, ‘to do the right thing’ in dealings with clients,
colleagues, other professionals, and anyone else they come into contact with in the
course of their duties.
• Members should always be aware of their overriding responsibility to the public
good. The ‘public good’ includes care and respect for humanity’s cultural, historical
and archaeological heritage, in addition to the duties specified in the Rules of
Professional Conduct to protect the health and well being of present and future
generations and to show due regard for the environment and for the sustainable
management of natural resources.
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• The code highlights 6 basic rules:

1. All members shall discharge their professional duties with integrity and shall
behave with integrity in relation to all conduct bearing upon the standing,
reputation and dignity of the Institution and of the profession of civil
engineering.
2. All members shall only undertake work that they are competent to do.
3. All members shall have full regard for the public interest, particularly in
relation to matters of health and safety, and in relation to the well-being of
future generations.
4. All members shall show due regard for the environment and for the
sustainable management of natural resources.
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5. All members shall develop their professional knowledge, skills and

competence on a continuing basis and shall give all reasonable assistance to
further the education, training and continuing professional development of
others.
6. All members shall:
a) notify the Institution if convicted of a criminal offence;
b) notify the Institution upon becoming bankrupt or disqualified as a
Company Director;
c) notify the Institution of any significant breach of the Rules of Professional
Conduct by another member.
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BEM Code Of Conduct

• One of the functions of the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM) is to regulate the
conduct and ethics of the engineering profession in Malaysia.
• Any matter concerning the professional conduct of registered engineers will be
studied by BEM to determine whether there is a breach of professional ethics or
code.
• In exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph 4(1)(f) of the Registration of
Engineers Act 1967 [Act 138], BEM determines the Code of Conduct of its
registered members.
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BEM Code Of Conduct for Graduate Engineers

• The BEM Code of Conduct outlines 3 main rules for
Graduate Engineers:
1. Not to falsify qualifications.
2. To certify work only if he has supervised,
witnessed or inspected such work.
3. Not to accept benefits from more than one
party.
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Not to falsify qualifications

1. Shall not falsify his qualifications or permit misrepresentation of his
qualifications. He shall not misrepresent or exaggerate his
responsibility in or for the subject matter of previous assignments. He
shall not misrepresent pertinent facts concerning employers,
employees, associates, joint ventures’, or past accomplishments.
2. Shall check with due diligence the accuracy of facts and data before he
signs or endorses any statement or claim. He shall not sign on such
documents unless, where necessary, he has made qualifications on
errors and inaccuracies.
3. Shall respond, within reasonable time, to communication from the
Board or any other relevant authority on matters pertaining to his
professional service.
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Not to falsify qualifications (cont’d)
4. Shall undertake assignments only if he is qualified by education and

experience in the specific technical fields of that assignment in which
he is to be involved.
5. Shall sign only those engineering documents that he has prepared or
has been prepared under his control.
6. Shall be objective and truthful in making professional reports,
statements and testimonies. He shall include all relevant and pertinent
information in such reports, statements, or testimonies, which should
bear the date indicating when the information was current.
7. Shall not express publicly technical opinions that are not founded upon
his competence and knowledge of the facts in the subject matter.
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Not to falsify qualifications (cont’d)
8. Shall not issue any statement, criticism or argument on technical

matters that are inspired or paid for by interested parties, unless he
has prefaced his comments by explicitly identifying the interested
parties on whose behalf he is speaking and by revealing the existence
of any interest he may have in the matter.
9. Shall notify the Board in writing within three (3) months – if he is
convicted of an offence involving false or negligent certification, fraud
or dishonesty in Malaysia or elsewhere; or if he becomes a bankrupt.
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To certify work only if he has supervised,

witnessed or inspected such work
1. Shall keep proper records of his participation, supervision, inspection

or witnessing of activities on site including the dates and time, subject-
matter, condition of site, weather, etc.
2. Shall check or verify with due diligence the accuracy of facts and data
before he signs or endorses any statement or certification. He shall
not sign on such documents unless he has supervised, witnessed or
inspected the carrying out of such work.
3. Shall bring to the attention of the Engineer or Employer at the earliest
possible opportunity of any instance where the work or materials used
are not in compliance with the specifications, drawings or conditions
of contract.
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To certify work only if he has supervised,

witnessed or inspected such work (cont’d)
4. Shall not issue instructions to the Contractor or give verification or
approval to works carried out by the Contractor unless he has been
authorised by the Engineer or Employer to do so.
5. Shall not reveal facts, data or information without the prior consent of
the Engineer or Employer, past and present, except as authorised or
required by law or when the withholding of such information is
contrary to the safety, health and interest of the public.
6. Having knowledge of any violation of this Code of Conduct or any law
or regulation shall report thereon to the Engineer or Employer and,
where relevant, also to public authorities and cooperate with the
Engineer or Employer in furnishing such information or assistance as
may be required.
BDD/FKAAS/UTHM
Not to accept benefit from more than one party
1. Shall not accept any benefit or compensation, financial or otherwise,

from more than one party for professional engineering services on the
same project, or for professional engineering services pertaining to the
same project, unless the circumstances are fully disclosed and agreed
to by all interested parties.
2. Shall disclose all known or potential conflicts of interest that may
influence or appear to influence his judgment or the quality of his
services.
3. Shall not solicit or accept any consideration, financial or otherwise,
directly or indirectly, from outside agents in connection with the work
for which he is responsible.
BDD/FKAAS/UTHM
32
Not to accept benefit from more than one party

(cont’d)
4. When acting as Advisor or Director of a company or an agency, he

shall not participate in decision with respect to professional
engineering services solicited or provided by him or his organization
BDD/FKAAS/UTHM
33

BFC 32202 Engineers - Society Chapter 2 (Student Copy) PDF

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BFC 32202 – ENGINEERS & SOCIETY