RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

◼ The Philippines is considered the 7th most

populated country in Asia and the 12th in the
world, with a high birth rate and declining death
rate as characterized by the country's population.
Its growth in population is highly attributed to
natural increase of births over death.
◼ Population of the Philippines as of 2007 is
88,574,614.
◼ By the year 2020 it will reach 126 million
as estimated by the UP Population Institute
and Future Group.
 Top ten countries in Asia
1. China - 1,330,040,000
2. India - 1,148,000,000
3. Indonesia - 237,512,000
4. Pakistan - 172,800,000
5. Bangladesh - 153,547,000
6. Japan - 127,288,000
7. Philippine - 96,061,696
8. Vietnam - 86,116,600
9. Thailand - 65,493,300
10. South Korea - 48,379,400
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH
Rank of the Philippines is rapidly growing. It is
said that the Philippines is the 12th nation with
great populations among the 185 nations, and
the 3rd largest English country in the world after
United States, because of its growth of
population. Many aspects in society are being
affected. One major aspect that is affected is our
Mother Nature.
 RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

◼ There are 225 Filipinos per square kilometer of

land.
◼ Of the 7,107 islands only 2,000 are populated,
28 provinces and 102 municipalities.
◼ National Capital Region is the most populated
with 15,517 persons per sq. km. This man-land
ratio is 61 times the national figure of 2.55/sq.
km of land.
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH
According to National Economic
Development Authority, about 44 million
Filipinos will be struggling to find places in
crowded cities. Metro Manila will have 10.5
million residents in 2 years, Cebu will be a
home to 5.5 million people, and Davao will
have 5.5 million.
 RAPID POPULATION
GROWTH
According to the latest records in the National
Statistical Coordination Board NSCB, by the year
2015, there will be more than 102 million Filipinos
because the annual population growth rate is 2.5%.
The population is also very young with 37.6% of the
population below 15. This means that the
depending rate is equally high.
If the Filipinos will have just 2 children according to
experts, the population will still continue to grow for
2 to 3 generations.
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH
16 Largest Most Populated Island
1. Luzon 9. Cebu
2. Mindanao 10. Masbate
3. Palawan 11. Bohol
4. Mindoro 12. Catanduanes
5. Panay 13. Basilan
6. Samar 14. Marinduque
7. Negros 15. Basuanga
8. Leyte 16. Sulu
 RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

✓ Reasons why Filipinos have an immense growth

of population:
1. Traditional of having big families
✓Compensate parents for lack of wealth
✓Children are God's gifts and they are
blessing
✓Children can lessen their loneliness during
old age, even though half of them become
ungrateful
✓Children will look after them during their last
days on earth
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

– 2. Question of gender
✓Parents want to have their first born child be a boy.
✓Ignore family planning because they want to have a
boy as their next child if they have only girls.

3. The Male Macho image

✓Filipinos feel that masculinity lies on the ability to
impregnate the wives (frequently) They are proud of
their macho image,
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH

4. Unsatisfactory/ineffective family
relationship that is unhealthy and
leads to unsatisfactory sexual
relationship
✓ Filipino believes that contraceptives are hindrances to a full
sexual pleasure of a couple and that endanger the health of
the women,
✓ They feel also that family planning is an intrusion to private
affair of the married couple.
5.Economic reasons
✓ In poorer families, the children are often an asset because they
help the family to raise food, haul water, and work for wages
outside the home
 RAPID POPULATION
GROWTH
✓More children can improve their economic
security. Source of security.
6. Contraceptive Methods
✓Catholic church disapproves the use of contraceptive
methods as a family planning.
7. Educational Background
✓Education is linked to population. The less educated
the people, the more they have children. The more
educated the people, the fewer they want.
8. Improvement in medicine, nutrition and
sanitation
✓Reduce the incidence of diseases, increased
longevity, and reduced fertility.
 RAPID POPULATION
GROWTH
9. Agricultural revolution
• Allowed to establish communities that could support
more people.
• Reduces manpower requirements in agriculture
production because of technology so they are
released to other fields of human endeavor.

10. Industrial revolution

• Enable the people to travel faster and easier. It will
lead to migration to places not inhabited or sparsely
populated. Communities established eventually be
centers of population growth.
 PROBLEMS ON POPULATION
GROWTH IN THE PHILIPPINES
◼ Population growth is normal and not a problem, if the
resources of the country could meet the necessity of
the increasing human needs, When the Philippines
population increases it leads to tremendous problems.
1. Environmental problem
Increase of population, increase of waste
material thrown in the environment and greater
degradation and deterioration of nature,
2. Social problem
It will result to prostitution, drug addiction, crime,
juvenile delinquency, suicide and others due to
lack of opportunity to have a nice stable job of
too much competition.
 PROBLEMS ON POPULATION
GROWTH IN THE PHILIPPINES
3. Economic problem
Population growth hinders the country's effort to
satisfy the needs of the citizens.
It cannot meet the subsistence requirement of a
growing population, especially if the govenrment
cannot generate sufficient opportunity.
If the economic status is not stable it may not be
able to provide more food, housing, medicine, and
other materials for subsistence.
4. Educational problem
Government cannot provide enough education,
classrooms, school facilities, education materials,
and even qualified teachers.
Quality of education deteriorates
PROBLEMS ON POPULATION
GROWTH IN THE PHILIPPINES
5. Health problem
Health condition is being affected due to
adverse condition: prevalence of disease,
epidemics, and undernourishments.
6. Spiritual and moral problem
People become more materialistic and
liberalistic
The morality and spirituality of our young
generations seems rapidly declining.
7. Problem of food supply
Created a problem on how to provide for
people's basic needs such as food, shelter,
clothing and other important things.
PROBLEMS ON POPULATION
GROWTH IN THE PHILIPPINES
8. Problem and destruction of nature
• It may result in fast deteriorating environmental
resources such as virgin forest
• Agricultural land converted into industrial sites.
• Biodiversity is threatened by forest destruction
and many species are endangered
• Environmental resources continue to suffer
degradation and depletion.
 IMPACTS OF RAPID GROWTH ON
POPULATION
1 Subdividing farms among the children of the
next generation and/or intensifies cultivation of
existing land to increase productions per unit
area.
2 Open up new land to farm.
3 Move to cities and seek employment.
4 Engage in illicit activities for income
a) illicit drugs
b) poaching of wildlife
5 Emigrate to other countries legally and illegally.
 FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL
Family Planning allows couples to determine the
number and spacing of their children. It will also
allow parents to control their reproductive lives
and make rational, conscious decisions about
how many children they will have and when those
children will be born, rather than leaving it to
chance.
Birth control usually means any method used to
reduce births, including celibacy, delayed
marriage, contraception, and methods that
prevent embryo implantation and induced
abortions.
FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL

I. Traditional Fertility Control

a) They control fertility
b) Celibacy
c) Folk medicines
d) Abortions
e) Infanticide
Some or all of these techniques may be
unpleasant or morally unacceptable. People
may be too ignorant or too primitive to make
decisions about fertility.
 FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL
I. Current Birth Control Method
a. Avoidance of sex during fertile periods
(celibacy, use of changes in body temperature,
cervical mucus to judge when ovulation will
occur)
b. Mechanical barriers (condoms, spermicides,
diaphragms, cervical caps, and vaginal
sponges)
c. Surgical methods that prevent release of
sperm or egg (tubal ligations in females and
vasectomies in males)
d. Physical barriers to implantation (IUD)
e. Abortions
Artificial Methods of Family Planning
Physical or chemical barriers
◼ Spermicidal foam and spermicidal jelly –
toxic to sperm
- transferred from an applicator into the
vagina before intercourse
- not always reliable unless used with
another device such as diaphragm, and a
condom
◼ IUDs – are coils inserted into the uterus
by a physician
– Sometimes invite pelvic inflammatory
disease
◼ Diaphragm – a flexible, dome-shaped
device
– Inserted into the vagina and positioned
over the cervix before intercourse
– Relatively effective when fitted initially by a
doctor
– Used with foam or jelly before each sexual
intercourse, inserted correctly each time
and left in place for a prescribed length of
time
❑ condoms – thin, tight-fitting sheaths worn
over the penis during intercourse
- Up to 95% effective if used with spermicide
- Only latex condoms offer protection
against sexually transmitted diseases
- They often tear and leak at which time
they become absolutely useless
❑ Birth Control Pills – an oral
contraceptive made of synthetic
estrogens and progestins
(progesterone-like hormones)
- Taken daily except for the last 5 days of
menstrual cycle
- Suppresses maturation of oocytes and
ovulation
-often corrects erratic menstrual cycles
and reduces cramps
- Some women it causes nausea, weight
gain, tissue swelling and headaches
- Most used fertility control
- 94% effective or better when taken
correctly
Progestins or implants block ovulation
❑ Depo-Provera – injection works for
three months and is 96% effective
◼Norplant - -six rods implanted under the
skin
- works for 5 years and 99% effective
- both may cause sporadic, heavy
bleeding, and doctors have some
trouble surgically removing Norplant
rods.
❑ Morning-after pills – intercept
pregnancy, work up to 72 hours
following unprotected sex by interfering
with the hormones that control events
between ovulation and implantation
- Preven – a kit high doses of birth
control pills that suppress ovulation and
block corpus luteum function
(pregnancy test won’t register + until
after implantation)
❑ RU-486 – commonly used as an
abortion pill
- also used as a morning-after pill
- can block fertilization and
progesterone-dependent implantation
- may also induce abortion when taken
within 7 weeks of implantation
- RU-486 now known as Mifeprex-
Europe , given approval by FDA in USA
in 2000

NATURAL METHOD
❑ abstinence (complete) – most effective
method of birth control
❑ Rhythm – less reliable variation of
abstinence
- avoid intercourse in a woman’s fertile
period (starting a few days before
ovulation and ending a few days after
-inexpensive, does not require fittings and
periodic medical check ups
❑ Withdrawal – removing the penis from the
vagina before ejaculation
- requires very strong will power and the
practice may fail anyway
- fluid released from the penis just before
ejaculation may contain sperm
❑ Douching – chemically rinsing the vagina
right after intercourse
- almost useless (sperm move out of reach
of a douche 90 seconds after ejaculation
Permanent Method
◼Vasectomy – brief operation, performed
under local anesthetic
- tiny incision is made in the male’s
scrotum, then cuts and ties off each vas
deferens
- reversible
 The Male Reproductive
System

31
◼Tubal Ligation – surgical intervention,
oviducts are cauterized or cut and tied
off
- when performed correctly, it is the most
effective means of birth control
 Female Reproductive
System

33
 METHOD OF CONTRACEPTION EFFECTIVENESS
No Contraception 15%
Spermacides 71%
Rhythm 75%
Diaphragm, cervical caps 76%
Male condom 85%
Oral Contraceptive Pills 92%
Implanted Contraceptives 99+%
IUD 99+%
Vasectomy/Tubal ligation 99+%
Total abstinence 100%
 FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL
I. New developments in Birth Control
a. Ensure – a spring-like device that blocks the
fallopian tubes in a non-invasive alternative to
tubal ligation.
b. Mirena – a hormone-releasing intrauterine
device that can stay in place for 5 years.
c.Lunelle – a hormone shot administered
monthly.
d.NuvaRing – a hormone vaginal ring changed
every 3 weeks
e.Ortho Evra – a hormone patch changed
weekly.
 FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL
I. Successful family planning programs often require
significant social changes:
a. improved social, educational, and economic status for
women;
birth control and women's rights are often
interdependent
b. improved status of children;
fewer children are born if they are not needed as a
cheap labor source
c. acceptance of calculated choice as a valid element in
life in general and in fertility in particular (the belief that
we have no control over our lives discourages a sense
of responsibility)
 FAMILY PLANNING AND FERTILITY
CONTROL
d. social security and political stability that give
people the means and the confidence to plan
for the future.
e. the knowledge, availability, and use of
effective and acceptable means of birth control
BENEFITS OF A CAREFUL PLANNED
FAMILY WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO SLOWE
POPULATION GROWTH
If the quality of life is to be improved and
human suffering method reduced, then rapid
population growth should be curved. A careful
planned family will help improve the quality of
life. In fact family planning is considered a
primary health care strategy.
1 It helps lower infant mortality. This implies
that the family will be in a much better
position to take care of fewer children.
2 It aids survival of other children in the family.
3 Fewer, safer, and better-spaced births can
reduce maternal mortality and generally
improve mother's health.
 BENEFITS OF A CAREFUL PLANNED
FAMILY WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO SLOWE
POPULATION GROWTH
4. At the family level, there can be economic, social
and psychological benefits associated with a small
family size.
5. Reducing birth rates allows more appropriation for
health and education, resulting in healthier
children and thus building a more productive labor
force.
6. Lower fertility rates ease pressure on the natural
resources, the environment, and most aspects of
the earth's life support system
7. Slower population growth would be benifical to
economic development for most developing
countries.
 Stand of the Church on Philippine
population
The Catholic church stresses that they are
against the legalization of birth control as
means of terminating unwanted pregnancies.
However approved are the natural birth
control methods.
 THINGS TO BE DONE
To break the cycle of poverty, high fertility, and
environmental degradation efforts need to be made with
emphasis on:
– education – improving literacy and educating girls and boys
equally with ladies and men.
– improved health – especially lowering infant mortality
– making contraceptives available
– enhancing income
– improving resource management
Focus should be on women because they not only bear
the children, but also are the primary providers of
nutrition, childcare, hygiene, and early education. In
short, it is the women who are almost relevant in
determining the number and welfare of subsequent
generations.