WORLDWIDE FASTENER STANDARD

WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

FINISH SPECIFICATION

1. SCOPE
The following specifications cover requirements for finishes used on Worldwide Standard and Utility Parts.
NOTE: Obsolete finish specifications are not shown in this standard. If a finish is referenced that is not
shown in this standard, the user should contact the local Fastener Engineering Office for direction.

2. APPLICATION
Recommended Usage included in the description of individual finishes are intended for information only.

3. DESIGNATION

The finish required on a standard or utility part is designated by adding the appropriate Finish Code to the
Part Number as a suffix when a part is released. FINISH CODES SHALL NOT BE INCLUDED IN THE PART
NUMBER BLOCK ON A UTILITY PART DRAWING.
The Finish Code is obtained from Clause 6, DETAILED FINISH DESCRIPTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS.
The Finish Code consists of letter 'S' followed by a number and designation alpha codes (except "SSW").
The release for a standard or utility part is incomplete without the addition of a finish code to the Part Number.
WORLDWIDE PART NUMBERS MUST BE RELEASED WITH A WORLDWIDE FINISH NUMBER.

3.1 DESIGNATION EXAMPLE.

Example S437MXA S 437 M XA

Standard/Utility Part Suffix Indicator
Worldwide Suffix Number (300 or 400 series)
Process Indicator (M = Mechanical, non Electrolytic)
Subsequent Treatment Indicator

N0TE In the past, a number "1" after the S was used to indicate that the part was to be used in
an automatic assembly application. This convention is no longer used.

SUBSEQUENT TREATMENTS are treatments such as the addition of waxes for sealing on sheet
metal screws or wax on hose clamps to lower the friction between the clamp and hose. These
subsequent treatments are specified in WSS-M21P27-A1/A2/A3/A4…..etc

4. REFERENCES
ISO 261 ISO general-purpose metric screw threads - General plan
ISO 898-1 Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 1: Bolts, screws and studs
ISO 898-2 Mechanical properties of fasteners - Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values
ISO 4042 Clause 10 Threaded components - Electroplated coatings
ISO 6157-3 Fasteners - Surface discontinuities - Bolts, screws and studs for special
requirements
ISO 4599 Plastics, Determination of resistance to environmental stress cracking, Bent strip
method
QS-9000 Quality System Requirements
SAE/USCAR-1 Salt Spray Testing and Evaluation of Fastener Finishes
WD 950 Material and Performance Requirements for Spaced Thread Tapping Screws
WD 951 Mechanical and Performance Requirements of Case Hardened Thread Rolling
Screws
WD 952 Mechanical and Performance Requirements of Through Hardened and Carbon
Restored Thread Rolling Screws with Induction Hardened Points
WD 953 Material and Performance of Screws for Use in Plastics
WE 950 Prevailing Torque-Type Steel Hex Nuts and Hex Flange Nuts
WE 953 Mechanical and Performance Requirements for Single Thread Spring Nuts
WSB-M21P29-A1 Corrosion Protective Coating, Zinc, Chromate, Organic, Baked

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WSB-M10P10-AX Chromate Finish

WSD-M1P85-A1/A2 Plating, Zinc over Ferrous Surfaces
WSD-M13P7-A Lubricant-Torque/Clamping Force Control
WSD-M21P10-/B2/B3 Corrosion Protection Coating-Organic Type
WSD-M21P11-B1/B8 Corrosion Protective Coating - Zinc Organic Type
WSD-M21P13-A3 Corrosion Protective Coating - Zinc/Chromate/Combination Type
WSS-M21P17-B3 Electrolytic Zinc Plate, Chromate, Leached and Sealed, Integral Torque Control
Lubricant
WSS-M21P17-B4 Mechanical Zinc Plate, Chromate, Leached and Sealed, Integral Torque Control
Lubricant
WSS-M21P28-A2 Corrosion Protective Coating, Organic Polymer, Friction-Modified
WSS-M99A3-A Embrittlement Avoidance
WSS-M99P9999-A1 Restricted Substance Management Standard
WX 200 Threaded Fasteners with Dry Film Microencapsulated Adhesive Applied to the
Threads
WX 201 Threaded Fasteners with Sealer Compound Applied to the Threads
WZ 100/101 Steel ISO Metric Threaded Fasteners Torque/Clamping Force Performance.

5. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.

5.1 SUMMARY
All parts must comply with Engineering Material Specification WSS-M99P9999-A1 to help safeguard
health, safety and the environment.

5.2 PART CONDITION

Parts as supplied to Ford locations shall be completely covered with the finish specified. Parts shall
also be commercially clean and shall be free from corrosion, chips, loosely adherent metal oxides, dirt,
abrasives or other foreign material. Handling, storage, packaging, preservation, and delivery shall be in
accordance with QS-9000.

5.3 EMBRITTLEMENT AVOIDANCE

All components, except spaced thread tapping screws per WD950, shall comply with the requirements
of WSS-M99A3-A.

5.4 PROTECTIVE FINISHES ON THREADS

Bolt threads with relatively thick coatings (e.g. greater than 8 micrometres) may require additional
allowance to accommodate the coating. The thread dimensions before coating shall be determined by
the Supplier and shall be manufactured within tolerance class 6 limits. The thread allowance shall be
limited by the upper deviation of tolerance class 6g (es) and the lower deviation of tolerance class 6e
(ei).
Note: This allows the manufacturer to size the parts anywhere within the total tolerance span of class
6g (es) through 6e (ei). To minimize deviation within a lot, the lot shall be limited to a tolerance grade 6.
See ISO 965 for information regarding thread tolerances.
After plating/coating the threads shall meet the requirements of tolerance class 6h using a GO screw
ring gauge. For acceptability of thread damage after plating/coating the torque applied to the GO screw
ring gauge shall not exceed 0.001d3 Nm, except for dipspin coatings which shall not exceed 0.0015d3
Nm.
Nut threads shall be manufactured to 6H tolerance. When coated with zinc flake type coatings
tightness to thread inspection gauges may be experienced, however, the coating thickness shall not
adversely effect the mechanical performance of the nut or have an adverse effect on normal installation
practices. Zinc flake coated nuts shall be tested using an uncoated (or zinc plated) 6g bolt. The nut
shall engage on the bolt by hand, the maximum prevailing torque measured over a minimum of 1.5d of
rotations shall not exceed 1Nm.

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5.5 TEST METHODS - SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR FASTENERS

Requirements defined in this protective finish specification apply to parts as received by Ford and shall
be evaluated using the following test methods and definitions as applicable.

5.5.1 SIGNIFICANT SURFACES

Significant surfaces are those surfaces visible on a part as normally assembled, or surfaces that
can be a source of corrosion products visible on an assembled vehicle. Significant surfaces are
used when assessing corrosion.

5.5.2 COATING THICKNESS

Threads, sharp edges, crevices, holes, slots and recesses shall not be used for coating thickness
measurement. The measurement of coating thickness shall be in accordance with ISO 4042
Clause 10.

5.5.3 SALT SPRAY TEST

Salt spray tests shall be conducted in accordance with SAE/USCAR-1, which supersedes any
salt spray requirements stated in the specified material/performance specifications. It is not
intended for salt spray testing to be conducted on every lot. Salt spray testing is intended to be
used to monitor the process and shall be conducted in accordance with QS-9000.

5.5.4 WASHER ADHESION

The washer component of nut and washer assemblies and bolt and washer assemblies shall be
free to rotate so that installation is not affected by spinning of the washer component. The
washer may not be free spinning initially, when heavy finishes are applied. Acceptable initial
washer component adhesion shall become loose after a 0.0015d3 [Nm] breakaway torque is
applied.

5.6 DIP SPIN APPLIED COATINGS - RECESS FILL, THREAD FILL, AND OTHER POTENTIAL ISSUES

5.6.1 Some finishes are applied by: a) depositing the fasteners into a perforated basket; b) immersing
the basket into a tank of the uncured material; c) elevating the basket above the tank; and e)
spinning the basket above the tank. The basket's rotational speed overcomes the centripetal
force, shedding excess material to provide the desired coating thickness. Material viscosity,
fastener geometry, fastener orientation in the basket, load size, and rotational speed are major
factors in the application of these finishes.

5.6.2 Internally driven fasteners (recess drive), fasteners with internal cavities such as nuts, rivets,
parts with extruded, closed-end holes, parts with through-holes, fasteners with fine pitch threads,
and other similar features trap excess material in the cavities, which the spinning process does
not completely remove.

5.6.3 CAUTION: If the dip spin process is used to apply coatings to fasteners with these design
features, a percentage of the fasteners will have recess fill, clogged holes, bubbled coating,
and/or thread bridging. As a result, fasteners with these finishes and designs may experience
issues with form, fit, and function at the assembly plants.

5.6.4 To avoid these issues, consider applying the dip spin finish using a different process method
such as spray, tumble spray, and planetary rotary systems. These processes may significantly
reduce recess fill, but will still yield some recess fill. Alternatively, consider externally driven
fastener designs, non-dip spin finishes, and plated finishes.

Note: Dip Spin coatings are identified under their respective finish descriptions within this specification.

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5.7 MECHANICALLY DEPOSITED PLATINGS – BEAD ENTRAPMENT

5.7.1 Mechanical plating, also known as peen plating, mechanical deposition, or impact plating, is a
plating process that imparts the coating by cold welding fine metal particles to a workpiece. It is
commonly used to overcome the potential for hydrogen embrittlement. The process involves
tumbling the workpieces with a mixture of water, metal powder, media, and additives. The media
material is usually soda lime glass or a ceramic and is usually spherical in form. Common
coating materials are zinc, tin, copper, and aluminum.

5.7.2 Internally threaded fasteners and fasteners with an integrated or free-spinning assembled
washers such as nut and washer assemblies (KEPS) or screw and washer assemblies (SEMS)
have the potential for bead entrapment in the thread form, between the assembled washer or
other part cavities, which the mechanical plating process does not completely remove. To
prevent the potential from impeding the assembly process or functionality of the fastener,
mechanical plating shall not be released on these parts. This provision applies to all thread sizes
and forms.

6. DETAILED FINISH DESCRIPTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS

SSW IN WHITE (COLOR KEYED) PARTS

When Standard or Utility parts are designated "In White" and are therefore required to comply with a color
chart or master sample, they shall be released with the suffix SSW.

S300 PLAIN: No supplementary finish required other than the finish considered the normal result of
manufacturing processes for the material and product involved.

Total Thickness: Not applicable

Lubricant: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall be lubricated per WSD-M13P7-A.
Color: Not applicable
Specifications: WSD-M13P7-A
Corrosion: None
Service Temperature: Not applicable
Coating Process: Not applicable
Special Requirements: Lubricated parts shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Prevailing
Torque Nuts WE 950. Weld, Pierce, Clinch and non-metallic fasteners shall not
be lubricated. All other fasteners that do not fully conform to the aforementioned
requirements shall not be lubricated, e.g., Tapping Screws WD 950/953, Single
Threaded Spring Nuts WE 953.
Recommended Usage: Used for internal engine/transmission applications or where subsequent
processing adds protection. Also used for non-metallic fasteners which require no
protection. Products which require lubrication only to aid in assembly, such as,
pierce products, and blind rivets should be released as S300XB (see WSS-
M21P27-A1/A2/A3).

S303 BLACK ORGANIC CORROSION PROTECTION COATING:

This finish is a black organic protective coating 35 units sub-gloss. It is low temperature heat cured from
organic media.

Total Thickness: 5.0 micrometres, min.; 15 – 20 micrometres typical

Lubricant: Varies with product. May be oil/wax surface film or integral constituent.
Color: Black
Specifications: WSD-M21P10-B2
FLTM BI 110-1
Corrosion: 120 hour salt spray
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Service Temperature: 175 oC

Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping
force specified in WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product
specification, e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD 951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts
WE 950. If a lubrication process is required to satisfy this requirement, it will be an
integral dry self-lubrication system. When this coating is specified, S306 may be
supplied as an alternative.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for rivets. Externally driven, non-recessed drive
parts. Not recommended for use on nuts or recessed drive parts.

S306 BLACK ORGANIC CORROSION PROTECTION COATING:

This finish is a black organic protective coating 35 units sub-gloss.

Total Thickness: 5.0 micrometres, min.; 15 – 20 micrometres typical

Lubricant: Varies with product. May be oil/wax surface film or integral constituent.
Color: Black
Specifications: WSD-M21P10-B3
FLTM BI 110-1
Corrosion: 240 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: 200 - 230 oC Intermittent, 150 - 180 oC Continuous
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping
force specified in WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product
specification, e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD 951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts
WE 950. If a lubrication process is required to satisfy this requirement, it shall be
an integral, dry, self lubrication system.
Recommended Usage: Not for use in contact with plastics when lubricant is applied.

S307 BLACK ZINC ORGANIC CORROSION PROTECTION COATING:

This finish is a black organic protective coating 35 units sub-gloss.

Total Thickness: 12.0 micrometres, min. for finishes supplied to WSD-M21P11-B2

14.0 micrometres, min. for finishes supplied to WSD-M21P19-A16
Lubricant: None
Color: Black
Specifications: WSD-M21P11-B3 OR WSD-M21P19-A16
Corrosion: 480 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: 200 - 230 oC Intermittent, 150 - 180 oC Continuous
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: Parts shall not be applied in an oiled condition.
ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping
force specified in WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product
specification, e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD 951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts
WE 950. If a lubrication process is required to satisfy this requirement it shall be
an integral, dry, self-lubrication system.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring extended corrosion protection. Not
recommended for any internally driven fasteners or nuts; due to possible recess
fill. Due to hydraulic lock up in processing, parts with flat surfaces, which may be
mated, i.e., flat washers, hex flange nuts, etc. should not use this finish.
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S403 COPPER PLATE: This finish is an electroplated or mechanically plated copper coating.
Total Thickness: 2.5 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall be lubricated per WSD-M13P7-A.
Color: Copper
Specifications: None
Corrosion: No inherent corrosion resistant qualities
Service Temperature: 250 oC
Coating Process: Electroplating
Special Requirements: Lubricated parts shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Prevailing
Torque Nuts WE 950. Weld, Pierce, Clinch and non-metallic fasteners shall not
be lubricated. All other fasteners that do not fully conform to the aforementioned
requirements shall not be lubricated, e.g., Tapping Screws WD 950/953, Single
Threaded Spring Nuts WE 953.
Recommended Usage: For use on welded parts or for identification purposes.

S407 ORGANIC COAT: This finish is a colored corrosion protective coating for utility parts.
Total Thickness: Not specified. Parts must assemble.
Lubricant: Not required
Color: The color shall be as stated on the relevant Utility Part Drawing.
Specifications: Not applicable
Corrosion: 96 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: 175 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: None
Recommended Usage: This finish is applied in order to color code parts for visual controls in the plant. It
can be used for part identification of non-threaded, externally threaded, or
externally driven fasteners. Not recommended for use with recessed drives or
nuts.

S413 TIN PLATE: This finish is an electrodeposited tin plate.

Total Thickness: 2.0 - 8.0 micrometres
Lubricant: None
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSB-M1P11-B, except above coating thickness
Corrosion: This coating offers little or no corrosion protection.
Service Temperature: 200 oC
Special Requirements: None
Coating Process: Electroplating
Recommended Usage: Use for electrical component applications. Not recommended for parts being
baked after electroplating.

S415 MECHANICAL ZINC PLATE PLUS MECHANICAL TIN PLATE:

Total Thickness: 7.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 shall be lubricated per WSD-M13P7-A.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSD-M1P85-A1, plus 2 micrometres of mechanical tin plate.
WSD-M13P7-A
Corrosion: 48 hour salt spray for zinc corrosion
120 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion
Service Temperature: 150 oC
Coating Process: Mechanical plating using beads

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Special Requirements: Lubricated parts shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Thread
Rolling Screws WD 951/952. Weld, Pierce, and Clinch fasteners shall not be
lubricated. All other fasteners that do not fully conform to the aforementioned
requirements shall not be lubricated, e.g., Tapping Screws WD 950/953.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for use in grounding.

S417 ANODIZING - BLACK: This finish is a black anodize over aluminum or aluminum alloy.
Total Thickness: 7.5 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: None
Color: Black
Specifications: WSB-M4P11-B1
Corrosion: Not applicable.
Service Temperature: Same as Aluminum alloy used.
Coating Process: Anodizing
Special Requirements: None
Recommended Usage: General usage for aluminum fasteners, such as blind rivets. Not for use where
electrical conductivity is required of finish.

S424 BLACK ORGANIC CORROSION PROTECTION COATING:

This finish is a black organic protective coating plus a sealer coating.

Total Thickness: 5.0 micrometres, min.

Lubricant: None
Color: Black
Specifications: WSD-M21P19-A24
Corrosion: 120 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: 200 oC
Coating Process: Electrophoresis
Special Requirements: The sealer is a water based corrosion protection fluid; it shall be dry to the touch.
ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping
force specified in WZ 100 or the requirements of the individual product
specification, e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD 951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts
WE 950. For initial sample/Engineering Approval only, sealers used for this finish
shall not cause a stress cracking concern when tested against commonly used
nonmetallic materials. The test shall be in accordance with ISO 4599.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for small screws for passenger compartment
applications where recess and/or thread fill was a concern.

S430 PHOSPHATE AND LUBRICANT:

This finish consists of a zinc iron or manganese iron phosphate coating plus a specified approved lubricant.

Total Thickness: Not applicable

Lubricant: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance requirement
reference ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall be lubricated with a specified approved
lubricant which meets the requirements of WZ 100.
Color: Black
Specifications: WSD-M3P35-A1/A2
WSD-M21P19-A30 (for approved lubricants)
Corrosion: None
Service Temperature: 50 oC
Coating Process: Barrel process

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Special Requirements: Coated parts offer no corrosion protection and should only be used for internal
applications where corrosion protection is not a requirement. Lubricated parts
shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in WZ 100 or the
requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Thread Rolling Screws
WD 951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE 950. Fasteners that do not fully conform
to the aforementioned requirements shall not use this finish suffix.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for internal engine applications for the control of
torque/clamping force performance.

S431 METALLIC GRAY CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING:

This finish is a water-dilutable aluminum filled chromate/phosphate compound which requires an oven baking
cycle to cure and shall have a uniform metallic gray appearance after full processing. The process consists of
cleaning the components by abrasive blasting followed by two coats of the aluminum-filled compound applied
by the dip spin process and curing at a nominal temperature of 340 oC. The surface is then burnished using
glass beads finally lubricated with a dry to the touch wax lubricant.

Total Thickness: 15.0 - 20.0 micrometres for threaded components

Lubricant: Dry to the touch wax lubrication
Color: Gray
Specifications: WSD-M21P19-A31
Corrosion: 408 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: Maximum of 645 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: Generally not recommended for internal threads.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for exhaust manifold fasteners.

S432 ELECTROLESS NICKEL:

This finish is an electroless nickel-phosphorus alloy plating for metallic substrates.

Coating Thickness: 10.0 - 18.0 micrometres

Lubricant: None
Color: Silver metallic
Specifications: WSD-M1P65-B2
Corrosion: This finish has no inherent corrosion resistant qualities.
Service Temperature: 350 oC, max
Coating Process: Barrel plating, electroless
Special Requirements: None
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for EGR pipe nuts.

S434 ZINC PLATE: This finish is an electroplated coating of zinc with no subsequent chromate treatment.
Total Thickness: 5.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: None
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSD-M1P85-A1
Corrosion: No requirement for zinc corrosion; 24 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion.
Coating Process: Electroplating
Service Temperature: 90 oC, max
Special Requirements: None
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for small semi-tubular rivets (M3.5 and smaller).
It may also be used as a low cost finish for fasteners not subject to corrosive
environments.

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S436 BLACK ORGANIC CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING:

This is a black organic corrosion protective coating applied over a zinc phosphate layer. Chromic seals are
not permitted.

Total Thickness: Not Specified. Generally 12.5 micrometres, min.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are necessary.
Color: Black
Specifications: WSS-M21P28-A2
Corrosion: 24 hour salt spray
Service Temperature: 105 C
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: Must exhibit less than 5% ferrous corrosion after 120 hour salt spray.
Recommended Usage: A direct replacement for S428. Intended for general fasteners and small parts in
chassis or exterior applications of low visibility. Not intended for body interior
applications, high temperature applications, applications in direct contact with
plastic, applications directly exposed to solvents, or areas of high visibility.

S437 ELECTROLYTIC ZINC PLATE, TRIVALENT CHROMATE, AND CLEAR SEALER, INTEGRAL
TORQUE CONTROL LUBRICANT.
Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: The clear sealer contains an integral torque control lubricant. No additional
lubrication is necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P17-B3
Corrosion: 96 hour salt spray for zinc corrosion, 384 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: 120 C
Coating Process: Electroplating
Friction Coefficient u=0.15 +/-0.03 per WZ101 Program B using test surfaces per WZ100.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950.
Recommended Usage: Generally, this finish has a higher coefficient of friction than S449 across various
substrates. Zinc plate finish for fasteners which may contact magnesium or
aluminum components. Not recommended for severe abrasion conditions or
where chip resistance is required.

S437M MECHANICAL ZINC PLATE, TRIVALENT CHROMATE, AND CLEAR SEALER, INTEGRAL
TORQUE CONTROL LUBRICANT.
Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: The clear sealer contains an integral torque control lubricant. No additional
lubrication is necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P17-B4
Corrosion: 96 hour salt spray for zinc corrosion, 240 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: 120 C
Coating Process: Mechanical plating using beads
Friction Coefficient u=0.15 +/-0.03 per WZ101 Program B using test surfaces per WZ100.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Thread
Rolling Screws WD951/952.

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Recommended Usage: Generally, this finish has a higher coefficient of friction than S449 across various
substrates. Zinc plate finish for fasteners which may contact magnesium or
aluminum components. Not recommended for severe abrasion conditions or
where chip resistance is required.

S438 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ZINC/ALUMINUM BASECOAT, LUBRICATED SEALER,

SILVER. This is a corrosion protective coating that is heat converted from an aqueous dispersion of zinc and
aluminum flakes, and oxides. The coating is top-coated with a sealer to provide lubricity for consistent torque-
tension control, color, and to enhance corrosion protection. It is free of chromium, nickel, lead, and cadmium.

Total Thickness: 10.0 micrometres, min.

Lubricant: Integral lubricant system
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P39-A1
Corrosion: 240 hours salt spray for zinc corrosion, 720 hour for ferrous.
Service Temperature: 315 C
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified for case hardened parts or if the coating's cure
temperature adversely affects the component being coated. Additionally, it should
not be applied to parts in contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless
steel surfaces. This finish shall not be applied to fastener meeting WD952
because the finish cure cycle, bake time and temperature, will reduce the
hardness of the fastener.
Recommended Usage: Exterior fasteners M6 and larger, clips, and clamps. This coating is suitable for
high hardness parts. The coating also provides good bi-metallic corrosion
resistance when in contact with aluminum.

S439 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ALUMINUM ORGANIC TYPE:

This finish is an organic coating over an inorganic zinc rich basecoat.

Total Thickness: 12.0 micrometres, min.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P37-A1
Corrosion: 240 hrs salt spray for zinc corrosion, 840 hrs for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 260 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. Additionally, it should not be applied to parts in
contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring extended corrosion protection. Not
recommended for internally driven fasteners or nuts; due to possible recess fill.

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WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

S440 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ALUMINUM ORGANIC TYPE:

This finish is an organic coating applied over an electrolytic zinc base coat.

Total Thickness: 11-16 micrometres, typical

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are required.
Color: Gray/Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P40-A1
Corrosion: 240 hours salt spray without white zinc corrosion.
840 hours salt spray without ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 260 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. Additionally, it should not be applied to parts in
contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: Most threaded fasteners of PC 10.9 or equivalent and below. This finish was
originally released to provide corrosion protection for clips and tube nuts used to
secure fuel, brake, power steering and transmission oil cooler lines.

S440M CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ALUMINUM ORGANIC TYPE:

This finish is an organic coating applied over a mechanically plated zinc base coat.

Total Thickness: 11-16 micrometres, typical.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are required.
Color: Gray/Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P40-A2
Corrosion: 240 hours salt spray without white zinc corrosion.
840 hours salt spray without ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 260 oC
Coating Process: Mechanical plating using beads plus Dip Spin topcoat
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Thread
Rolling Screws WD951/952. The coating shall not be specified if the coating's
cure temperature adversely affects the component being coated. Additionally, it
should not be applied to parts in contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or
stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: Threaded fasteners, M6 and larger, that have a core or surface hardness that
exceeds the 390 HV limit specified in WSS-M99A3-A.

S441 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ALUMINUM ORGANIC TYPE:

This finish is an organic coating applied over an inorganic zinc-rich basecoat.

Total Thickness: 13-18 micrometres, typ.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P37-A2
Corrosion: 120 hours salt spray without white zinc corrosion.
240 hours salt spray without ferrous corrosion.

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WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

Service Temperature: Not to exceed 260 oC

Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. Additionally, it should not be applied to parts in
contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released to provide moderate corrosion protection and
anti-galling on large internally threaded fasteners (M16 and larger) for truck
applications. This coating is suitable for high hardness nut and washer
assemblies that have a core or surface hardness that exceeds the 390 HV limit
specified in WSS-M99A3-A. The coating also provides moderate bi-metallic
corrosion resistance when in contact with aluminum.

S442 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ZINC/ALUMINUM BASECOAT,LUBRICATED TOPCOAT,

This finish is a micro layer corrosion protection system consisting of a high zinc and aluminum containing
inorganic basecoat with and aqueous inorganic topcoat that provides lubricity for consistent torque tension
control. It is free of chromium, nickel, and lead.
Total Thickness: 10.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P42-A3
Corrosion: 240 hrs salt spray for zinc corrosion, 840 hrs for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 260°C
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. Additionally, it should not be applied to parts in
contact with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring extended corrosion protection.

S443 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ZINC/IRON ELECTROPLATED BASE COAT, PLUS AN

INORGANIC POLYSILICATE LUBRICATED TOP COAT. This finish consists of an electroplated alkaline
zinc iron alloy and a trivalent chromium passivate followed by a water based inorganic top coat containing a
lubricant. The lubricant provides lubricity for consistent torque tension control. The finish is free of chromium,
nickel, and lead.
Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in topcoat. No additional waxes, lubricants or torque
tension fluids are necessary.
Color: Black
Specifications: WSS-M21P46-A1
Corrosion: 200 hrs to zinc corrosion, 500 hrs to ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 200°C
Coating Process: Electroplating plus Dip Spin topcoat. If topcoat is applied by a Dip Spin method,
see Section 5.6 on recess fill.

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WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring a black appearance and extended
corrosion protection.

S444 SILVER/SILVER GRAY CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING:

This finish is a proprietary corrosion protection coating which is low temperature heat cured.

Color: Silver/Silver Gray

Specifications: WSS-M21P45-A1
Corrosion: FLTM BI 123-01 10 cycles appearance and 40 cycles functional.
SAE/USCAR-1 120 hours to ‘white’ corrosion, 480 hours to ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Maximum of 200 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: Not to be used for applications other than hose clamps.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for constant tension spring band hoseclamps.

S445 BLACK CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING:

This finish is a proprietary corrosion protection coating which is low temperature heat cured.

Color: Black
Specifications: WSS-M21P45-A2
Corrosion: FLTM BI 123-01 10 cycles appearance and 40 cycles functional.
SAE/USCAR-1 120 hours to ‘white’ corrosion, 480 hours to ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: Maximum of 200 oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: Not to be used for applications other than hose clamps.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for constant tension spring band hoseclamps.

S446 ZINC PLATE, CLEAR TRIVALENT CHROMATE:

This finish is a zinc electroplate followed by a clear trivalent chromate treatment.

Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.

Lubricant: None
Color: Silver
Corrosion: When tested in accordance with FLTM BI 123-02 finished parts shall display less
than 1% ferrous corrosion (ASTM D610 grade 6 or better) after 1 cycle.
Finishes tested and evaluated in accordance with SAE/USCAR-1, typically pass a
minimum of 24 hours without zinc corrosion and 72 hours without ferrous
corrosion.
Service Temperature: 90 oC
Coating Process: Electroplating
Conductivity: Conductive
Special Requirements: Parts shall not be supplied in an oiled condition.
Recommended Usage: This finish was originally released for pipe plugs, cup plugs and as a protection for
rivet mandrels.
Not intended for threaded fasteners which require controlled torque-tension.

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 WORLDWIDE FASTENER STANDARD

WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

S447 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ZINC/ALUMINUM INORGANIC:

This finish consists of two coats of an inorganic material applied over mechanically cleaned steel.

Typical Thickness: 6 to 10.0 micrometres.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in the coating, no lubricants are necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P49-A1
Corrosion, FLTM BI12302: 10 cycles to non-ferrous white corrosion, 25 cycles to ferrous corrosion. (For
reference - 240 hrs salt spray for zinc corrosion, 480 hrs for ferrous corrosion
when tested in accordance with SAE/USCAR-1).
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 280oC
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. This finish should not be applied to parts in contact
with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces. This finish shall not
be applied to fastener meeting WD952 because the finish cure cycle, bake time
and temperature, will reduce the hardness of the fastener.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring long term corrosion protection.

S448 CORROSION PROTECTIVE COATING, ZINC/ALUMINUM INORGANIC:

This finish consists of three coats of an inorganic material applied over mechanically cleaned steel.

Typical Thickness: 8 to 12.0 micrometres.

Lubricant: Integral friction modifiers in the coating, no lubricants are necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P49-A2
Corrosion, FLTM BI12302 10 cycles to non-ferrous white corrosion, 50 cycles to ferrous corrosion. (For
reference - 240 hrs salt spray for zinc corrosion, 960 hrs for ferrous corrosion
when tested in accordance with SAE/USCAR-1).
Coating Process: If applied by a Dip Spin method, see Section 5.6 on recess fill.
Service Temperature: Not to exceed 280oC
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950. The
coating shall not be specified if the coating's cure temperature adversely affects
the component being coated. This finish should not be applied to parts in contact
with uncoated copper, magnesium or stainless steel surfaces.
Recommended Usage: This finish is designed for fasteners requiring extended corrosion protection.

S449 ELECTROLYTIC ZINC PLATE, TRIVALENT CHROMATE, AND CLEAR SEALER, INTEGRAL
TORQUE CONTROL LUBRICANT.
Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: The clear sealer contains an integral torque control lubricant. No additional
lubrication is necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P50-A1
Corrosion: 96 hour salt spray for zinc corrosion, 384 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: 120 C
Coating Process: Electroplating

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 WORLDWIDE FASTENER STANDARD

WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

Friction Coefficient µ = 0.14 ±0.03 Per WZ101 Program B.

Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 or 898-2 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force
specified in WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification,
e.g., Thread Rolling Screws WD951/952, Prevailing Torque Nuts WE950.
Recommended Usage: Generally, this finish has a lower coefficient of friction than S437 across various
substrates. Zinc plate finish for fasteners which may contact magnesium or
aluminum components. Not recommended for severe abrasion conditions or
where chip resistance is required.

S449M MECHANICAL ZINC PLATE, TRIVALENT CHROMATE, AND CLEAR SEALER, INTEGRAL
TORQUE CONTROL LUBRICANT.
Total Thickness: 8.0 micrometres, min.
Lubricant: The clear sealer contains an integral torque control lubricant. No additional
lubrication is necessary.
Color: Silver
Specifications: WSS-M21P50-A2
Corrosion: 96 hour salt spray for zinc corrosion, 240 hour salt spray for ferrous corrosion.
Service Temperature: 120 C
Coating Process: Mechanical plating using beads
Friction Coefficient µ = 0.14 ±0.03 Per WZ101 Program B.
Special Requirements: ISO general purpose metric screw threaded steel fasteners whose thread form is
in accordance with ISO 261 and/or whose material and performance reference
ISO 898-1 shall meet the requirements for torque/clamping force specified in
WZ101 or the requirements of the individual product specification, e.g., Thread
Rolling Screws WD951/952.
Recommended Usage: Generally, this finish has a lower coefficient of friction than S437M across various
substrates. Zinc plate finish for fasteners which may contact magnesium or
aluminum components. Not recommended for severe abrasion conditions or
where chip resistance is required.

S900 SPECIAL: This designation denotes a finish that is defined on the part drawing. The following
conditions govern the issuance of S900 series (S900, S901, S902, etc.) fastener finish requests.
An S900 series finish may be released with a utility (W7) or standard fastener (W5) part number. Releasing
an S900 finish requires a completed, approved FAF03-117-1 (1217) form per FAP03-117.
For standard fasteners, a carrier drawing shall be produced in accordance with Engineering CAD & Drafting
Standards. The title block shall include the 'W5' part number and fastener name. The drawing shall contain
the S900 series finish designation and the material specification number; all other information remains
exclusive to the pre-existing standard part drawing.
The S900 series finish requires toxicological clearance prior to use at Ford.
The finish shall be used to support limited usage only.
S900 shall not be used to specify subsequent treatments such as adhesives, sealers, or patches. Refer to
WX 200 and WX 201.
S900 shall not be used to specify changes to the base part, dimensions, materials, mechanical properties, or
quality level.

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WX100 Date: 2010 07 20

7. SUMMARY OF REVISIONS

2010 07 20
Added Section 5.7
In S415, S437M, S440M, S449M Special Requirements – deleted references to ISO 898-2 and WE950.

2010 03 24
In S307, change WSD-M21P11-B2 to -B3 – editorial correction
In S437 and S437M, revised Friction Coefficient requirement

2009 08 19
In Section 4, revise ISO 6157-1 reference to ISO 6157-3.

2008-12-01
Remove the following obsolete finishes, due to restricted Cr6+, from this standard; S301, S304, S304M,
S305, S309, S309M, S309U, S408, S409M, S414, S421, S426, S427, S435.

2008-10-01
Removed the NOT GO ring gauge requirement, and added a new torque requirement for non-dipspin
coatings in Section 5.4.

2007-12-01
 Revised the S900 conditions, including permission to release S900 finishes on W5 fasteners.
 Added Record of Revisions table.

2007-06-01
 Deleted WSD-M21P10-B1 from S424.
 Added S449 and S449M zinc plating finishes. Generally, these finishes have a lower coefficient of
friction than S437 across various substrates and require testing prior to use.
 Revised the Service Temperature for the S442 Finish.
 Section 5.4 replaced organic type with zinc flake type definition.
 2007-02-01Section 5.6 added: Dip Spin Applied Coatings - Recess Fill, Thread Fill, & Other Issues.
 Added "Coating Process" to each finish to identify the dip spin and plated finishes.
 For finishes containing hexavalent chromium, the prohibited usage was changed from "not to be
used for 'new' designs" to "not to be used for 'new or carryover' designs."

2006-04-01
The title and requirements of S437 and S437M were revised to reflect the finish supplied.

2005-12-01
 Section 5.5.1 added: Significant surfaces are used when assessing corrosion.
 S440 corrected the total thickness in line with the material specification – 11-16 typical.
 Deleted the 'Conductivity' requirement (which was not clear) from all of the finish suffixes. It could
have indicated that the finish was suitable for grounding applications or that it had sufficient
conductivity to accept the e-coat paint process. Until a test method is established and 'Conductivity'
is clearly understood, it was agreed that this requirement should be removed. Fastener Engineering
will give advice regarding finish usage.
 S305 The finish description was corrected to: "This finish consists of a phosphate coat followed by
two coats of baked enamel."
 S305 status was changed to "Not to be used for new design.
 Added finish suffixes S447 and S448.

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