Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Text 1
The T-shirt started as underwear. In 1800s, men in the US Navy started to wear T-shirt under their
sweater. They had buttons and were made of flannel or wool.
In 1913, the US Navy adopted a cotton version of the T-shirt. It has short sleeves and a round neck. It
was in the form of “T”, that is why they are called T-shirt. And then soldiers of the US Army followed to
wear a cotton version because it dried more quickly and was more comfortable. In 1920s and 1930s, farm
and factory workers in the US started to wear them because they were cheaper and easier to wash.
During the Second World War 12 million American soldiers were in the uniform of T-shirts. They were
comfortable and protected the men against sunburn and insects, and could also be used as towels, pillows or
bandages.
After the war, they came home and brought their T-shirt home. Soon, men all social classes were wearing
them. Marlon Brando, an actor, wore it in 1951, followed by James Dean four years later. And then Elvis
Presley, a singer, wore them few years later, imitated by his fans. At that time you could only buy white T-
shirts. T-shirt also became popular in the music world. But as sign of rebellion, musicians’ T-shirts were
black.
In 1960s, the T-shirts became unisex. Women started to wear them as shirts, not underwear. In 1970s,
punk reacted and more ripped T-shirts. In 1980s, T-shirts became big and baggy. In 1990s, they became
fashionable.
Today, companies use T-shirts to advertise their products. People use them to express their ideas.
Tourists buy them as souvenirs. And designers use them in their collections. They exist in every color,
material and size. What T-shirt do you wear?
Text 2
Retailers
Retailing is selling goods or merchandise usually in small quantities. They are sold to the public for
their own use, not to other producers or firms for resale. It is the final step in bringing goods to consumers on
trading. Retailing is not only selling goods but also offering services such as renting tools for home use or
renting cars for immediate purposes. The retail sector is important as it serves or sells goods to consumers
directly.
Tradesmen who sell goods by retail are called retailers. They know consumer’s needs well because
they are in a day-to-day contact with them. They may sell their goods in cash or on credit. One who wants to
but a car must go to a showroom where cars are displayed. He negotiates with the dealers what kind of
purchasing they will make. A dealer is a retailer. To attract consumers retailers sometimes help promote the
producers’ goods. An advertisement is likely to be the most effective.
7. The text mentions ….. as a promotion strategy to attract consumers to buy goods and services.
A. resale
B. trading
C. retailing
D. whole-sale
E. advertisement
Text 3
The Ocean at a Glance
The oceanic waters of earth have a combined area of about 140 million square miles. In the southern
Hemisphere the oceans cover about 81 percent of the surface, while in the Northern Hemisphere they cover
approximately 61 percent. The oceans are intercommunicating bodies of water which include their gulfs and
seas.
The floor of the ocean is commonly divided into four main parts. The first is the continental shelf
which slopes gently outward from the shore of the continent. It is about forty miles wide and four hundred
feet deep. At the end of the continental shelf the sea floor falls sharply to a very deep seabed. This sea floor is
the second part and is usually known as the continental slope. At the base of this continental slope is the
sediment which forms the third part, the continental rise. The fourth is the floor of the sea beyond the
continental rise, the deep seabed. On the deep seabed are strings of mountains known as mid-oceanic ridges,
isolated mountains known as seamounts, deep valleys or deep sea trenches and plateaus or guyots.
10. According to the text, the following statements are true, EXCEPT …..
A. The ocean in the Southern Hemisphere is larger than in the Northern one.
B. The continental shelf is as steep as the continental slope.
C. The floor of the ocean generally consists of four parts.
D. The deep seabed of the ocean has a number of guyots.
E. The ocean comprises bodies of water.
12. The first is the continental shelf which slopes gently outward …..(par.2)
The underlined word is best replaced by …..
A. drastically
B. gradually
C. regularly
D. sharply
E. steeply
Text 4
"Starlight"
Far away
This ship has taken me far away
Far away from the memories
Of the people who care if I live or die
Starlight
I will be chasing a starlight
Until the end of my life
I don't know if it's worth it anymore
My life
You electrify my life
Let's conspire to ignite
All the souls that would die just to feel alive
Far away
This ship has taken me far away
Far away from the memories
Of the people who care if I live or die
13. Which word best describes the singer’s condition at the first sentences of the song....
A. Happy
B. Lonely
C. Hopeless
D. Couraged
E. Discouraged
Text 5
Down In the Valley
(Folk song from America)
Down in the valley, the valley so low
Hang your head over, hear the wind blow
Hear the wind blow, dear, hear the wind blow;
Hang your head over, hear the wind blow.
18.“Down in the valley, the valley so low” The bolded words are similar with ....
A. hill
B. dale
C. mountain
D. canyon
E. cave
20. From the lyric of the song, where would be the writer song in ? The writer song would be in ....
A. a castle
B. a jail (Brimingham Jail)
C. a valley
D. a village
E. a house
MTI is seeking qualified candidates to manage its Community Health Projects in Sigli,
NAD and Pulau Nias. Candidates who meet the qualifications below are encouraged to
e-mail their CVs to: admin@mti-indonesia.org
Responsibilities :
Develop an action plan for community health project
Help recruit, hire, and mentor local community health staff
Develop a network of community health activities in the targeted area Desired
Minimum Qualifications:
University degree, with a community health background
At least four years experience in project work and management
Proficient in English, Indonesian, and preferably Bahasa Aceh or Nias
Benefits :
Good salary, housing allowance (if relocated), and health insurance.
Text 7
ROOM FACILITIES
The hotel provides 82 comfortable guest rooms that consist of Superior Roomes.
Superior Seaview Rooms and 22 Deluxe. Cottages with modern Balinese style
architecture, private balcony, and International standard facilities. Each room has a
private balcony, fully air-conditioned, telephone, mini bar, radio/music, international
TV channels, in-house movie, tea and coffee-making facilities, hair dryer, slippers,
umbrella, bath/ shower with hot and cold running water, and safe deposit box.
TO CONTACT US ON;
26. The guests can enjoy watching movies since he hotel offers .....
A. a cinema.
B. a mini bar.
C. tv channels.
D. in-house movie.
E. private balcony.
Text 8
Fruits (27) ..... a source of nourishing substances that keep us alive and healthy. For example, they
contain many vitamins, especially vitamins A and C, and many minerals, such as calcium, potassium, and
zinc. They also provide fiber for (28) .... and carbohydrates that the body (29) ..... to make energy. They don’t
have a lot of calories to make us fat.
People use fruits for many things. We make juices from them. We cook bread and pie with them. We
make jams and jellies and sweets. We freeze them to eat later. We even make alcohol from fruit. Beer comes
from grains, wine comes from grapes, and some brandies (30) .... from plums, apricots, or other fruits.
27. A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
E. has been
29. A. to need
B needed
C. needing
D. need
E. needs
31. Diane has got .... to buy a new apartment. She has been saving a lot.
A. very money
B. such money
C. so much money
D. enough money
E. too much money
32. Mr. John is ....to finish his letter. So, he asks me to type it.
A. very busy
B. enough busy
C. so busy that
D. too busy
E. too much busy
34. The painting exhibition was ....amazing .....the visitors felt satisfied .
A. too-that
B. so-to
C. too-to
D. so-that
E. that-so
37. John : Will you be patient for ...... a minute? I’ll be right back.
Kimberly : Okey.
A. just
B. only
C. so
D. too
E. very
39. “ A bad tree does not yield good apples”. The proverb means... .
A. A bad experience will make people stay away from certain thing.
B. Something difficult seems easier when it is done voluntarily
C. Bad parents do not raise good children
D. A tree which is bad doesn’t have good harvest.
E. Someone who cannot afford something.
40. If you want to understand someone, look into their eyes. The proverb closely related to the statement is...
A. All that glitters is not gold
B. A fool and his money are soon parted.
C. The end justifies the means.
D. Give credit where credit due.
E. The eyes are the window of the soul.
B. Essay
42. Put the verb in the bracket into its correct form based on the time given
The children (play) in the school yard at this moment.