Germany[edit]

Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Germany

In Germany, the first case of COVID-19 was recorded in the state of Bavaria on 27 January 2020.
Daily case numbers began to decrease after 8 April. As of 19 April 2020, 145,742 cases have been
reported with 4,642 deaths and approximately 81,800 recoveries. [148][149][150][151] That makes Germany the
world's 4th and Europe's 3rd worst-hit country in terms of total cases. The coronavirus mortality rate
is, however, reported comparatively lesser at 1.3%, ranking 8th in the world and 5th in Europe in the
total number of deaths.[152] The low preliminary fatality rate in Germany, compared to Italy and Spain,
has resulted in a discussion and explanations that cite among others the country's higher number of
tests performed, absence of COVID-19 analyses in autopsies and higher proportion of positive
cases among younger people. Hessian state finance minister Thomas Schäfer committed suicide on
28 March 2020. State Premier Volker Bouffier said that Schäfer had had considerable worries in
particular over the economic burden that the COVID-19 pandemic would place on the population. [153]
On 2 November 2020, data released by Robert Koch Institute (RKI) showed the confirmed
coronavirus cases in Germany increased by 12,097 to 545,027. [154]

Gibraltar[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Gibraltar
First case was identified on 4 March 2020, only 187 cases to the end of July then increases with 100
added in August and the same in September. A contact App “BEAT Covid Gibraltar” was released
on 18 June.[155]

Greece[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Greece
On 26 February, the first case in Greece was confirmed, a 38-year-old woman
from Thessaloniki who had recently visited Northern Italy.[156] The next day, the first patient's 9-year-
old child and another 40-year-old woman, who had travelled to Italy, also tested positive. [157][158]
[159]
 Subsequent cases is Greece were mainly related to people who had travelled to Italy and a group
of pilgrims who had travelled to Israel and Egypt, as well as their contacts. [160][161] Health and state
authorities issued precautionary guidelines and recommendations, while measures up to that point
were taken locally and included the closure of schools and the suspension of cultural events in the
affected areas (particularly Ilia, Achaea and Zakynthos).[161] The first confirmed death from COVID-19
in Greece was a 66-year-old man, who died on 12 March. [162]
By 27 July there were 4,227 confirmed cases in Greece, some of which detected among tourists
arriving to the country from mid-June onwards, 202 deaths and 3,562 recoveries. [163][164] The
Greek National Public Health Organization (NPHO), in collaboration with local authorities and
doctors, is tracking and testing everyone who came in close contact with the patients. [165][166] By 10
March, with 89 confirmed cases and no deaths in the country, the government decided to suspend
the operation of educational institutions of all levels nationwide and then, on 13 March, to close
down all cafes, bars, museums, shopping centres, sports facilities and restaurants in the country. [167]
[168]
 On 16 March, all retail shops were also closed and all services in all areas of religious worship of
any religion or dogma were suspended.[169][170] On 18 and 19 March, the government announced a
series of measures of more than 10 billion euros to support the economy, businesses and
employees.[171]
On 22 March the Greek authorities announced significant restrictions on all nonessential transport
and movement across the country, starting from 6 a.m. on 23 March. [172] Starting from 4 May, Greece
has begun easing its lockdown restrictions after a 42-day lockdown, with the gradual lifting of
movement restrictions and restart of business activity.[173]

Guernsey[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Guernsey
On 9 March, the first case in the Crown dependency was confirmed.[174] On 27 May it was announced
that there were no known active cases in the Bailiwick.[175] There were no active cases for 129 days
before an arrival from the UK tested positive on 6 September. [176]

Hungary[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Hungary
On 4 March Prime Minister Viktor Orbán announced that two Iranian students had been infected with
the virus.[177] The students are asymptomatic and have been transported to Saint Ladislaus Hospital
in Budapest.[177]

Iceland[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in Iceland
The first case was confirmed in Iceland on 28 February, an Icelandic male in his forties who had
been on a ski trip to Andalo in Northern Italy and returned home on 22 February. [178]
Iceland's Department of Civil Protection and Emergency Management declared a state of
emergency on 6 March after two cases of community transmission in Iceland were confirmed,
bringing the total number of confirmed cases to 43.[179] On 13 March, it was announced at an official
press conference that a four-week ban on public gatherings of more than 100 persons would be put
into effect as of Monday 16 March. Universities and secondary schools will be closed for four weeks.
International airports and harbours will remain exempt from these measures. [180]

Ireland[edit]
Main article: COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland

Number of cases (blue), number of deaths (red) and reported deaths last ten days (dotted black) in Ireland on
a logarithmic scale

The National Public Health Emergency Team of Ireland announced the first case in the Republic of
Ireland on 29 February, involving a male student from the east of the country, who had arrived there
from Northern Italy.[181][182][183] On 3 March, a second case was confirmed of a female in the east of the
country who had been to Northern Italy.[184] Response to the outbreak has included cancellation of St
Patrick's Day parades and all festivals.[185] On 11 March, an elderly patient in Naas General
Hospital in County Kildare became Ireland's first fatality from the virus.[186] On 12
March, Taoiseach Leo Varadkar announced the closure of all schools, colleges and childcare
facilities.[187] On 20 March, an emergency legislation was signed into law by President Michael D.
Higgins giving the state permission to detain people, restrict travel and keep people in their homes to
help combat the spread of the pandemic. [188]