Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Special Stuff
Waste Categories
Some things CAN’T go in here:
Topsoil When landfill is full,
layers of soil and clay
Sand seal in trash
Electricity
Clay generator
Methane storage building
Garbage and compressor Leachate
building
treatment system
Probes to detect
methane leaks Pipe collect
Methane gas explosive
recovery methane gas used as
fuel to generate
electricity Leachate
storage
Compacted tank
solid waste
Groundwater
Garbage monitoring
Leachate pipes Leachate pumped up
to storage tanks for
well
Sand
safe disposal
Synthetic Leachate
liner Groundwater monitoring
Sand Clay and plastic lining well
to prevent leaks; pipes
Clay collect leachate from
Subsoil bottom of landfill
What can and can’t go in CharMeck new green bins…
http://charmeck.org/city/charlotte/SWS/CurbIt/Recycling/Pages/Home.aspx
Largest Source of UNregulated Hazardous Wastes
What Harmful Chemicals Are In Your Home?
Cleaning Gardening
• Disinfectants • Pesticides
• Drain, toilet, and • Weed killers
window cleaners • Ant and rodent killers
• Spot removers • Flea powders
• Septic tank cleaners
Paint
Lead
Mercury
Cadmium
Arsenic
Chromium
Recent Study in China
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, Volume 45, Issue 7 June 2010 , pages 824 - 835
Mercury (Hg)
• Released into the atmosphere from burning coal (#1), waste
incineration, ore smelting. Released in landfills from
breakdown of ewaste (leachate).
• Bioaccumulates/biomagnifies in fish
– Fish advisories in place for many US waterways
Mercury Poisoning
Solutions
Mercury Pollution
Prevention Control
Found in cathode ray tubes of old TVs and computer screens (ewaste) and lead-
acid car batteries (thus, a landfill issue)
Chemical,
physical, and Incineration
biological
treatment
Incineration
Deep-well disposal
Surface impoundments
Secure landfills
Phytoremediation
Radioactive contaminants Organic contaminants Inorganic metal contaminants
Landfill Oil
spill
Polluted
groundwater Polluted
Soil Decontaminated Soil
in leachate
water out
Groundwater Groundwater
Phytoremediation
Advantages Disadvantages
Inexpensive
Effective only at
depth plant
roots can reach
Can reduce
material Some toxic
dumped into organic
land fills chemicals may
evaporate from
plant leaves
Produces little
air pollution Some plants can
compared to become toxic to
incineration animals
Advantages Disadvantages
Safe method if Leaks or spills at
sites are chosen surface
carefully
Leaks from
Wastes can be corrosion of well
retrieved if casing
problems
develop Existing fractures
or earthquakes
Easy to do can allow wastes
to escape into
Low cost groundwater
Encourages
waste production
Tradeoffs of Surface Impoundments
Trade-Offs
Surface Impoundments
Advantages Disadvantages
Earth
Water
table Leak
detection
system
Groundwater
Double Plastic
leachate double liner Groundwater
collection Reactive wastes monitoring
system in drums well
Transition to a Low-Waste Society
Recognizing that everything is connected…air, land, water, life.