RESULT AND OBSERVATION

washing of sand is done to

displace any cations (e.g. K, Ca,
Mg, Fe ions) off of the sand's
cation exchange sites. Clean sand
is prepared.

After incubating , pour off the

excess solution, and then begin
rinsing with water.Colour of sand
changes from brown to grey
following stages.
We use hair dryer instead of
burning, sand particles gaining
heat energy to get dried. Time
duration about 10-20 minutes is
spent.
Sodium hydroxide dissolves upon
heating and mix well with sand.
During heating, the mixture initially
is in liquid state and changed to
solid state when they stiffens.
The heated compound release
heat to the surrounding and get
cooled.
The compound dissolves in water,
stirring increase the solubility of
the compound.
The mixture of solution went
through filtration to eliminate
contaminant particles so as
recover dispersing liquid. Drop by
drop the filtration process is
completed.
The filtrated solution is reacted
with added sulphuric acid to
become more thick. Slimmy white
precipitate is formed.The changes
of compound’s state make the
stirring difficult.The reaction
produce heat and the precipitate
becomes hot.

The hot precipitate is cooled for

further action.
 The moisture precipitate is formed
after filtrated using cotton sieve.
The precipitate dehydrated and
dried in sterilizing oven.
A fully white precipitate is
produced.

Calculation:
% SiO
2
= Final white precipitate-initial white precipitate-2(crucible weight)
Weight of sand
= 49.68-