12

General
Physics 1
Quarter 1 – Module 5:
Kinematics: Projectile Motion
General Physics 1 – Grade 12
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 Week 3 – Module 5: Kinematics: Projectile Motion
First Edition, 2020

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over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Richard V. Denila, PhD, MT- II Laarni A. Pabiona, MT – I
Lani L. Cordero MT- 1 Kimberly B. Palang, MST
Roselyn C. Benitez Louilla C. Defiño
Gaylord L.Dela Cruz Marissa H. Gregorio
Mary Grace F. Macawile Marian Mae G. Santos
Annie Lee H. Selorio Farrah Mae E. Inamarga
Editors : Retchie Joy B. Pisaña, MT-I Emma T. Surita, T-III
Lily Rose Y. Rafaila, HT- I

Reviewers: Lorelie C. Salinas Jay Sheen A. Molina

Illustrators: Richard V. Denila, PhD, MT-II Merbin M. Sulit
Layout Artists: Welmer M. Leysa
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
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 12
General Physics 1
Quarter 1 Week 3 – Module 5:
Kinematics: Projectile Motion
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 Grade 12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) on

Kinematics: Projectile Motion!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:

Welcome to the General Physics 1 Grade 12 Self-Learning Module (SLM) Kinematics:

Projectile Motion!

Motion is one feature that characterizes all matter in the universe. Electrons, atoms,
and molecules are continuously moving so with planets, stars, and galaxies move
through space.

The concept of movement or motion is instinctive. Since it is one of the most basic
concepts, you might think it does not need to be elaborated. But in science,
specifically in physics, it is an important basic concept that will be confusing if not
well understood.

In this module, we will confine our discussion to projectile motion.

The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which
you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’ s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’ s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the

lesson. This aims to help you discover and
understand new concepts and skills.

What’ s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

iii
 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the
lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

Hello! Are you ready to fall? What if the Earth suddenly loses gravity? Everything and
everyone, including you, will be floating around. Our earthly environment is stable
because things around us remain in place. They tend to stand only in upright
positions. Whenever things fall, they go down.

In this module, the focus of our topic is projectile motion. You will deal with complex
movements involving objects that change direction including curved movements or
the motion of the object thrown through the air.
At the end of the lesson, the learners are able to:
a. Describe the projectile motion along the horizontal (x) and vertical (y)
component; and
b. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles.

1
 What I Know

Direction: Read and understand the questions. Write the letter of the correct answer
on a separate sheet.

1. What is the unit of measurement used for speed?

A. meter
B. meters per second
C. meter per second squared
D. Second

2. Which of the following best describes zero acceleration?

A. The body is at rest
B. The velocity of the body is constant
C. The velocity of the body is equal to zero
D. The velocity of the body is not zero

3. Hammer and nail are dropped at the same time from rest in a vacuum. Which of
the following statement is true?
A. The hammer reaches the ground first followed by the nail.
B. The nail reaches the ground first followed by the hammer.
C. Both hammer and nail reach the ground at the same time.
D. The time of fall cannot be determined.

4. Why is velocity called vector quantity?

A. It has magnitude only.
B. It has direction only.
C. It has both magnitude and direction.
D. It has no magnitude and direction.

5. Which of the following is the speed of an object at a specific moment in time?

A. average speed
B. instantaneous speed
C. momentum speed
D. pinpoint speed

6. Which of the following would NOT be considered a projectile?

A. A cannon ball rolling down a slope
B. A cannon ball rolling off a table
C. A cannon ball thrown in the airD.
D. A cannon ball thrown straight up

7. At the instant, a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball is
dropped from the same height. Which ball hits the ground first?
A. Dropped ball
B. Neither ball hit at the same time
C. The horizontal thrown ball

2
 D. The vertically thrown ball
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about projectile motion?
A. Horizontal velocity of projectile is constant
B. It is a combination of two independent motion-vertical and horizontal
C. The motion of the projectile released vertically downward is accelerated
D. Both horizontal and vertical velocities are constant

9. Which of the following is the ONLY force acting on a projectile?

A. Air resistance
B. Friction
C. Gravity
D. Unbalanced force

10. In the absence of air resistance, what is the angle at which a ball thrown will
do the farthest range?
A. 15°
B. 30°
C. 45°
D. 60°

11. At the instant, a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball
is dropped from the same height. Which ball hits the ground first?
A.Dropped ball
B. Neither ball hit at the same time
C. The horizontal thrown ball
D. The vertically thrown ball

12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about projectile motion?
A.Horizontal velocity of projectile is constant
B. It is a combination of two independent motion-vertical and horizontal
C. The motion of the projectile released vertically downward is accelerated
D. Both horizontal and vertical velocities are constant

13. Which of the following refers to the maximum horizontal distance that a
projectile covers from its starting point to its end point?
A. Height
B. Tangential Line
C. Range
D. Trajectory
14. Which of the following is the ONLY force acting on a projectile?
A. Air resistance
B. Friction
C. Gravity
D. Unbalanced force
15. A ball is given an initial horizontal velocity at the top of the building. A second
ball is simply dropped from the same height. Neglecting air resistance, which of
the following is true?
A. The ball will never touch the ground
B. The balls will strike the ground at the same time
C. The first ball strike the ground first
D. The second ball strike the ground first

3
 Lesson
Projectile Motion
1
Lesson Objectives:

1. Describe the projectile motion along the horizontal (x) and vertical (y)
component; and
2. Calculate range, time of flight, and maximum heights of projectiles.

What’s In

Our lesson for today will focus on objects that move in a parabolic path, where
the horizontal and vertical components of the projectile are independent of each
other. There is a major difference between the vertical and horizontal motion of a
projectile. This is that the vertical motion (y axis) is changing, but the horizontal
motion (x axis) is constant.

Before we proceed, perform a simple activity to check your knowledge on linear

motion.

Direction: Complete the concept map by filling in the ellipses with the appropriate
words related to motion. Use the words inside the box.

Velocity 2 Dimensions Time

Acceleration 1 Dimension Kinematic Equations

Good Job! You have answered correctly our activity.

4
 What’s New

Do you know Galileo Galilei? He was the first to describe projectile motion as
having two components: horizontal and vertical.
Can you recall the recent basketball game you watched or played? If you are
asked to tell how the ball moves when the player scores the basket, how would you
describe it? Does the ball follow a straight path from the players hand to the basket?
Discover as we go along with our topic today.

Are you ready to enhance your skills by performing the next activity?

Activity 1: Paint Me A Picture!

Materials: Activity Sheets, Writing materials

Procedure:
Study the illustration below and perform the task given.
Scale: 1 grid equal to 1 cm

Figure 3. A ball’s motion released at different angles

5
 Guide Questions
1. What did you observe on the motion of the projectile?
2. Compare the motion of the projectile at different angles.
3. At what angle did the projectile reach the maximum height? lowest
height? farthest distance? shortest distance?
4. Using the grid, complete the table below .

Vertical Component
Angle (Ɵ) Horizontal Component (x)
(y)

4.00 cm 0.40 cm
15°
6.50 cm 1.10 cm
30°
8.50cm 2.20 cm
45°
6.50 cm 3.00 cm
60°
4.00 cm 4.00 cm
75°

What is It

Based from what you’ve discovered in activity 2, a projectile traces a curved

(parabolic) line because at the same time that the ball is moving horizontally, it is
also moving vertically under the effect of gravity. At this instant, the object is
undergoing projectile motion following a trajectory path.

A projectile is an object that is initially thrown into the air and continues to move
on its path acted upon by gravity. From figure 2, you can see the different elements
of projectile. When launching the projectile, it is given an initial velocity v i at initial
angle ɵ. As it travels through the air, it displaces in two dimensions along the
horizontal, x and vertical, y.

Based on the diagram in activity 1, component in X and Y represents velocities.

Resultant velocity is the vector sum of two velocities. Applying the concept of
Pythagorean theorem we can solve the magnitude of the resultant velocity using the
formula:
Vr2 = Vx2 + Vy2

6
We should know that trigonometry already gives us the ability to relate side lengths
of a right triangle-hypotenuse, opposite, adjacent-and one of the angles, Ѳ as seen

opposite
sin  
hypotenuse
adjacent
cos 
hypotenuse
opposite
tan  
adjacent
below.

Figure 4. Right triangle

When we break diagonal vector into two diagonal components, the total vector and
its components-v, vy, vx - form a right triangle because of this we can apply the same
trigonometric rules to a velocity vector magnitude and its two components. Notice
that vx is treated as the adjacent side, vy as the opposite and v as the hypotenuse.
vy
sin  
v
vx
cos 
v
vy
tan  
Figure 5. Vector Components vx
How can we use the components to find the magnitude, v and angle Ѳ of the total
velocity vector?

Finding the magnitude of the total velocity vector for any right triangle, the side
lengths of the hypotenuse will be related to Pythagorean theorem: Vr2 = Vx2 + Vy2

Finding the angle or position of the total vector using

vy
tan  
vx

Aside from initial, final velocities and angles, we usually consider factors in projectile
motion:

7
 time of flight, t the entire duration while the projectile is at its
trajectory;
range, R is the horizontal distance covers by a projectile;
maximum height, ymax is the maximum vertical displacement travelled
by the projectile.

The projectile motion involves two components:

Figure 6. Projectile Motion

Horizontal (x) Component

The horizontal component of the velocity of an object along the horizontal is constant
or the same anywhere on the trajectory which means that there is no acceleration.
The first two kinematic equations should be written as;
vfx = vix = vx = v cos ɵ Equation 1
x = vxt Equation 2

where;
vfx is the final horizontal velocity
vix is the initial horizontal velocity
vx is the horizontal velocity

where ɵ is the angle from the horizontal. This also assumes that the initial position
is zero.

Vertical (y) Component

8
Now, let us inspect the vertical motion of a projectile. From our discussion earlier,
you know that projectile motion, when viewed along a vertical, accelerates at a rate
of –g. Note also that when a projectile reaches its maximum height, the velocity along
the vertical is zero. From this assumption, you can write the first two kinematic
equations as;
vy = v sin ɵ Equation 3

vymax = 0 at ymax
Vyf = vyi - gt
yf = yi + vyit – ½ gt2 Equation 4

where;
vy is the vertical velocity
vymax is the maximum vertical velocity
vyf is the final vertical velocity
vyi is the initial vertical velocity
g is the acceleration due to gravity
t is the time
yf is the final vertical displacement
yi is the initial vertical displacement

At this point, we will consider an object thrown at an angle from the horizontal with
a velocity. Looking at the object at the highest point (v = 0), the third kinematic
equation for vertical motion above will be:

vyi = gt
𝑉𝑦𝑖
𝑡= Equation 5
𝑔

It takes the object the same time to reach from the initial to highest point; and from
the highest point down.

To find the R, we need to substitute 2t in the fifth kinematic equation of projectiles:

R = vx (2t)
𝑉𝑦𝑖
R = vx (2 𝑔
)

𝑣 2 2 cos ɵ sin ɵ
R=
𝑔
𝑣 2 sin 2 ɵ
R= 𝑔

Use the equations as tools in analyzing projectile motion. You can compute nearly
every aspect of motion by using combinations of these kinematic equations.

9
Sample Problem 1:

A bullet is fired from gun mounted at an angle of 30°. If the muzzle velocity is
400 m/s , calculate:

a. Vertical velocity component

b. Horizontal velocity component
c. Maximum height reach
d. Time of flight
e. Range
Given:

ɵ = 30°
vi = 400 m/s

Solution:

a. Vertical velocity component

vy = vi sin ɵ
= (400m/s)(sin 30°)
= (400m/s)(0.500)
= 200 m/s
b. Horizontal velocity component
vx = vi cos ɵ
= (400m/s)(cos 30°)
= (400m/s)(0.866)
= 346.4 m/s

c. Maximum Height, vymax

vy2
vymax =
2𝑔

(200𝑚/𝑠)2
= 𝑚
2 (9.8 2 )
𝑠

𝑚2
40,000 2
= 𝑠
𝑚
19.6 2
𝑠

= 2040.82 m

d. Total time of flight, tT

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 2 (𝑣𝑦 )
tT =
𝑔

2 (200 𝑚/𝑠)
= 𝑚
(9.8 2 )
𝑠

400 𝑚/𝑠
= 𝑚
9.8 2
𝑠

= 40.82 s

e. Range or Horizontal distance, R

𝑣 2 sin 2 ɵ
R=
𝑔

𝑚
(400 𝑠 )2 (sin 60°)
= 𝑚
9.8 2
𝑠

𝑚2
160,000 2 (0.866)
= 𝑠
𝑚
9.8 2
𝑠

𝑚2
138,560 2
= 𝑠
𝑚
9.8 2
𝑠

= 14, 138.78 m

What’s More

Hang on! Another task awaits you. You can do it.

Activity 4: Worry No More!

Materials: activity sheets, writing materials (pencil, pens, marker)

Direction: Two word problems are given below. The first problem is done as your
guide. Solve the next problem accurately.

Problem 1
A cannon ball on the ground is fired at 35° with an initial velocity of 250 m/s.

a. How long will it take to hit the ground?

b. How far from the cannon ball will it hit the ground?
c. Compute for maximum height to be reached by the cannon ball.

Given:

11
 v⃗i = 250 m/s
ɵ = 35°
𝑚
g = 9.8
𝑠2
Solution:
a. The time of flight of the cannon ball
2vi sin  500m / s (sin 35) 500m / s (0.57) 285m / s
tf      29.08s
g 9.8m / s 2 9.8m / s 2 9.8m / s 2

b. The range of the cannon ball

Vi 2 sin  ( 250m / s ) 2 2 sin 35 62,500m 2 / s 2 2(0.57)
R  
g 9.8m / s 2 9.8m / s 2

62,500m 2 / s 2 (0.9397) 58,730.79m 2 / s 2

   5,992 .94 m
9.8m / s 2 9.8m / s 2

c. The maximum height that the cannon ball reached

Vi 2 sin 2  ( 250m / s ) 2 (sin 35)(sin 35) 62,500m 2 / s 2 (0.57) 2

ymax   
2g 2(9.8m / s 2 ) 19.6m / s 2

62,500m 2 / s 2 (0.32899) 20,561.87m 2 / s 2

   1,049 .08m
19.6m / s 2 19.6m / s 2

This time, it’s your turn to solve the next problem.

Problem 2

An arrow is launched at a velocity of 20 m/s in a direction making an angle of 25°

upward with the horizontal.

a. How long will it take to hit the ground?

b. How far from the cannon ball will it hit the ground?
c. Compute for maximum height to be reached by the cannon ball.

What I Have Learned

12
How are you? Did you have fun in answering and doing your activities? Hope you did
it well. Now, Let’s find out in the next activities.

Size up!
Direction: Below is the summary of the concepts learned in this module. Fill in the
blanks with the correct word/s to complete the statement.

two angle direction horizontal

equal magnitude vertical resultant
graphically projectile motion triangle component

A vector is a quantity having both (1)_________ and (2)_________. Two or more

vectors acting at the same point may combine to form a (3)___________whose effect is
(4)__________ to the combined effects of the (5)___________ vectors.

The resultant of two vectors may be found (6)___________ by drawing a vector

(7)___________, or it may be computed from knowledge of the vectors and the
(8)___________ between them. Its effect in each of these directions is called
(9)___________.

(10)____________ is the motion along two components; the (11)___________ and

(12)____________ component in which is independent of each other.Projectile motion
problems can be analyzed using the five (5) kinematic equations. The table below
summarizes the equations applicable for its component of projectile motion. v⃗i refers
to the initial velocity, v⃗ ix is the initial horizontal velocity, v⃗ iy is the initial vertical
velocity and ɵ is the angle of projection.

Direction: Complete the table with the correct formula or equation.

Horizontal and Vertical Components of Projectile Motion

Horizontal Vertical

Acceleration (1) (2)

(3) v⃗y = v⃗i sin ɵ

Velocity v⃗x = v⃗ix v⃗y = v⃗iy + gt

dx = v⃗xt 1
dy = v⃗iy + 𝑔𝑡 2
2
Displacement
(4) (5)

What I Can Do

13
Hang on! You’re almost there! This time, you will do something special that is
applicable to your day to day activities. Shall we?
Activity 5: Away you go!
Materials:
Activity Sheets Writing Materials
Problem:
An object is launched at a velocity of 25 m/s in a direction making an angle of 30°
upward with the horizontal.

a. What is the maximum height reached by the object?

b. What is the total flight time (between launch and touching the ground) of the
object?
c. What is the horizontal range (maximum x above the ground) of the object?
d. What is the magnitude of the velocity of the object just before it hits the ground?

Figure 7. The trajectory of an object

Assessment

14
Congratulations! You have made it! Before we end up, let’s test your mastery of the
concepts by answering the questions below.
Direction: Read and understand the questions. Write the letter of the correct answer
on a separate sheet.

1. At the instant, a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball is
dropped from the same height. Which ball hits the ground first?
A. Dropped ball
B.Neither ball hit at the same time
C.The horizontal thrown ball
D. The vertically thrown ball

2. Hammer and nail are dropped at the same time from rest in a vacuum. Which of
the following statement is true?
A. The hammer reaches the ground first followed by the nail.
B. The nail reaches the ground first followed by the hammer.
C. Both hammer and nail reach the ground at the same time.
D. The time of fall cannot be determined.

3. Why is velocity called vector quantity?

A. It has magnitude only.
B. It has direction only.
C. It has both magnitude and direction.
D. It has no magnitude and direction.
4. Which of the following is the speed of an object at a specific moment in time?
A. average speed
B. instantaneous speed
C. momentum speed
D. pinpoint speed

5. What is the unit of measurement used for speed?

A. meter
B. meters per second
C. meter per second squared
D. Second

6. Which of the following best describes zero acceleration?

A. The body is at rest
B. The velocity of the body is constant
C. The velocity of the body is equal to zero
D. The velocity of the body is not zero

7. Which of the following would NOT be considered a projectile?

A. A cannon ball rolling down a slope
B. A cannon ball rolling off a table
C. A cannon ball thrown in the air
D. A cannon ball thrown straight up

15
8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about projectile motion?
A. Horizontal velocity of projectile is constant
B. It is a combination of two independent motion-vertical and horizontal
C. The motion of the projectile released vertically downward is accelerated
D. Both horizontal and vertical velocities are constant

9. At the instant, a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball is
dropped from the same height. Which ball hits the ground first?
A. Dropped ball
B. Neither ball hit at the same time
C. The horizontal thrown ball
D. The vertically thrown ball

10. Which of the following is the ONLY force acting on a projectile?

A.Air resistance
B. Friction
C. Gravity
D. Unbalanced force

11. In the absence of air resistance, what is the angle at which a ball thrown will
do the farthest range?
A. 15°
B. 30°
C. 45°
D. 60°

12. A ball is given an initial horizontal velocity at the top of the building. A second
ball is simply dropped from the same height. Neglecting air resistance, which of
the following is true?
A. The ball will never touch the ground.
B. The balls will strike the ground at the same time.
C. The first ball strike the ground first.
D. The second ball strike the ground first.

13. Which of the following statements is NOT true about projectile motion?
A.Horizontal velocity of projectile is constant.
B. It is a combination of two independent motion-vertical and horizontal.
C. The motion of the projectile released vertically downward is accelerated.
D. Both horizontal and vertical velocities are constant.

14. Which of the following refers to the maximum horizontal distance that a
projectile covers from its starting point to its end point?
A. Height
B. Tangential Line
C. Range

16
 D. Trajectory

15. Which of the following is the ONLY force acting on a projectile?

A.Air resistance
B. Friction
C. Gravity
D. Unbalanced force

17
 Additional Activities

Amazing! You made it! However you’ve got one more activity! Activity 6 will
increase your skills and confidence.

Activity 6: Harness what you have!

Materials:

Activity sheet Writing materials

Direction:

1. Create Hugot lines/pick—up lines using the concepts learned from

this module.
2. Please be guided by the rubrics.

Rubrics for Hugot lines/Pick-up lines

Category 5 (Excellent) 3 (Average) 1 (Poor)

Words go perfectly Words somewhat Words do not go
together. There is go together but together. The lines
unity between the need more and stanzas go away
Cohesiveness lines and stanzas cohesiveness. from the topic
which connect The lines and
with the topic stanzas
sometimes go
away from the
topic
Uses three or more Uses one or two Uses no elements
elements to elements but
Use of elements enhance the task they sometimes
and catches the distract the
reader’s emotion readers
Uses three or Uses one or two Does not use
more unique unique unique metaphors
Creativity metaphors and metaphors and and similes
similes to similes to
describe describe
situations, situations,
objects and objects and
people people

18
 19
Activity 3: Paint Me A Picture!
Guide Questions
1. It follows a parabolic path.
2. The motion of projectile at different angles follows a parabolic path but differs in height and distance
reached.
3. The maximum height is at 750, lowest height is at 150, farthest distance is at 450 & shortest distance
is at 750 & 150.
4.
Angle (ɵ) Horizontal Component (x) Vertical Component (y)
15° 4.00 cm 0.40 cm
30° 6.50 cm 1.10 cm
45° 8.50cm 2.20 cm
60° 6.50 cm 3.00 cm
75° 4.00 cm 4.00 cm
Post test Pretest
1. B 1. B
2. C 2. B
3. C 3. C
4. B 4. C
5. B 5. B
6. B 6. A
7. A 7. B
8. D 8. D
9. B 9. C
10. C 10. C
11. C 11. B
12. B 12. D
13. D 13. C
14. C 14. C
15. C 15. B
Remember Me?
Answer Key
 20
What I Have Learned
Size Up!
1. Magnitude 7. Graphically
2. Direction 8. Angle
3. Resultant 9. Component
4. Equal 10. Projectile motion
5. Two 11. Horizontal
6. Triangle 12. Vertical
Table (Projectile Motion)
Horizontal and Vertical Components of Projectile Motion
Acceleration a⃗x = 0 a⃗y = g
Velocity v
⃗x= v
⃗ i cos ɵ v
⃗y= v⃗ i sin ɵ
v ⃗ ix
⃗x= v v
⃗y= v⃗ iy + gt
Displacement dx = v
⃗ xt 1
dy = v
⃗ iy + 𝑔𝑡 2
2
Worry No More!
Given:
vi = 250 m/s
ɵ = 35°
Solution:
a. The time of flight of the cannon ball
2𝑣
tf = 𝑖 𝑠𝑖𝑛
𝑔
𝑚
2 250 (𝑠𝑖𝑛35°)
𝑠
= 𝑚
9.8
𝑠2
= 29 s
b. The range of the cannon ball
𝑣𝑖2 sin(2)
R=
𝑔
𝑚
(250 )2 sin(2(35°))
𝑠
= 𝑚
9.8 2
𝑠
= 6.0 x 103 m
c. The maximum height that the cannon ball reached
𝑣𝑖2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2
Ymax =
2𝑔
𝑚
(250 )2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 35°
𝑠
= 𝑚
2 (9.8 2 )
𝑠
= 1.0 x 103 m
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22
References

BOOKS

Aquino, M.D., Abistado, J.M., & Forteza, R.S. (2012). Work text Science and
Technology IV: Science Links Physics. pp. 30-39

Esguerra, Jose Perico H. , Ph.D., R. A. (2016). Teaching Guide for Senior High School:
General Physics 1. Edited by Eduardo C. Cuansing, Ph.D, Voltaire M.
Mistades, Ph.D.. 4th Floor Commission on Higher Education, Garcia Avenue,
Diliman, Quezon City: Commission on Higher Education. pp 27-30 General
Physics 1 ; Teachers Guide pp. 27-33

Navaza, D.C., & Valdez, B.J. (1990). Science and Technology IV: Physics. Pp 75-85

Physics Teacher Resource Material. Philippines-Australia Science and Mathematics

Education project. University of the Philippines-Institute for Science and
Mathematics Education and development pp 49-52

Young, H.D., & Freedman, R. A. (2007). University Physics with Modern Physics
(14th ed.). Boston, MA: Addison-Wesley. pp. 67-70

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