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General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 5A:
Inertial Frame of Reference
Science – Grade 12
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Inertial Frame of Reference
First Edition, 2020
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General Physics1
Quarter 1 – Module 5A:
Inertial Frame of Reference
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both
from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping
the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming
their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their
needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to manage
their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
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For the learner:
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a learner
is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant competencies and
skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the
module.
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Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the
module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and
gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the accuracy and precision. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary
level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the
course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook you are now using.
1. To know that any frame of reference in which the law of inertia is true
is the inertial frame of reference.
2. To know that a non-inertial frame is the accelerating object relative to
inertial frame.
3. To understand that the inertial frame of reference and all moving
objects are relative
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What I Know
Read each problem or situations carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write it on your answer sheet.
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6. Which one of the following systems would constitute an inertial reference
frame?
a. a weather balloon descending at constant velocity
b. a train rounding a turn at constant speed
c. a rotating merry-go-round
d. an orbiting space station
7. An observer on the ground sees a hot air balloon rise up in the air with a speed
of 6 m/s. From which of these point of references does the balloon have the
same speed?
a. a person in the balloon
b. a fellow observer on the ground
c. a person running toward the direction of the balloon
d. a bird flying in the sky
8. An observer on the ground at Johnstar space center sees a space shuttle being
launched. Which of these should be chosen as a reference frame so that that
the space shuttle does not seem to be moving?
a. interior of the space shuttle
b. a fellow observer on the ground
c. a moving car on the driveway
d. the moon
9. A jeepney is traveling east passing a pedestrian standing on the sidewalk. In
which direction will the driver of the jeepney see the pedestrian moving?
a. north
b. east
c. west
d. south
10. A boy sitting in a moving bus and he throws a ball straight up into the air.
The ball falls behind him.
a. ascending a hill at constant velocity
b. descending a hill at constant velocity
c. having accelerated motion
d. having retarded motion
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Lesson
Force in simple word is a strength use in physical action. On the other hand,
force in science is simply a push or a pull to an object. You can apply this force with
or without touching each other and can cause objects at rest to accelerate.
What’s In
ans. Pushing a car needs a greater force to make it. It means that man needs
to apply more force to accelerate the car from its original position to a certain
position.
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What’s New
2. Noncontact Force
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What is It
Contact Force
Contact force is a force that requires contact on both objects to occur. Contact
forces are being everywhere and responsible for interactions applied between small
and large objects.
In Physics, contact force is the force acting at the point of contact between two
objects against each other. Contact forces is subdivided into the following
components, one is the force that is perpendicular to the surface of the object or the
normal force, second is the force parallel to the surface of the object or the friction
force, and forces that opposes fluids.
2. Tensional Force- a force applied to a rope, string, or cable that makes them to
be compressed or to be stretched by pulling on each side.
3. Frictional Force- a force created by both surfaces of the objects that is being
rubbed against each other resulting by moving in either same direction or
different direction.
Example of Frictional Force
a. the man is walking
b. the girl slide to slides
c. the boy rides to his bicycle
4. Air Resistance Force or Drag Force – is a force in the opposite direction of the
object in air or fluid.
Example of Air Resistance Force
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a. the sky diver jumps with his parachute
b. dropping the paper from a 2-meter height
c. the feather was flying through the air
Noncontact Force
Action at a Distance Forces is the other termed for noncontact forces and only
results when two objects interact without any physical contact with each other.
Regardless of their physical separation they can exert push or pull to the object.
There are also different types of noncontact forces.
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What’s More
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What I Have Learned
What I Can Do
2. Can you enumerate some example of contact and noncontact forces you
encountered in your daily life?
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Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. Which of the following is a noncontact force?
a. Drag Force
b. Gravitational Force
c. Tension Force
d. Unbalanced Force
2. Which force is acting in the opposite direction of the object in motion?
a. Tension
b. Buoyant
c. Friction
d. Normal
3. What is the example of contact force?
a. Rubbing your hands together
b. picking paper clips by magnet
c. falling stone
d. putting near the two bar magnets
4. What happen when you put near together the different poles of the two bar
magnets?
a. reaction
b. concentration
c. repulsion
d. attraction
6. Which of the following is the force resulted by positive and negative charges
of particles?
a. magnetic force
b. electrostatic force
c. gravitational force
d. frictional force
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a. forces between objects that do not touch
b. forces between same objects
c. forces between dissimilar objects
d. forces between objects that touch
9. Which of the following is the force that pulls the objects with masses towards
the center of the earth?
a. normal force
b. frictional force
c. gravitational force
d. air resistance force
11. Which of the following force the following is an example of normal force?
a. book lifted up of the table
b. book place at rest on top of the table
c. book sliding at the table
d. book falls at the edge of the table
14. Which of the following force is parallel to the surface of the object?
a. normal force
b. drag force
c. friction force
d. tension force
15. Which of the following describe the force between two particles with the
same charge?
a. reaction
b. concentration
c. repulsion
d. attraction
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Additional Activities
Objectives:
1. To know that any frame of reference in which the law of inertia is true is the
inertial frame of reference.
2. To know that a non-inertial frame is the accelerating object relative to
inertial frame.
3. To understand that the inertial frame of reference and all moving objects
are relative
1.
Material:
Pen
Worksheet
Procedure (1) :
1. Look at the picture shown, determine the velocity of each objects relative each
other.
2. Complete the table by determining the magnitude and direction of the relative
velocity of each “object” depicted in the diagram below by comparing each ones
motion the frame of reference listed in the first column of the table.
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Table 1.
Object Velocity ( kph)
Bystander 0 kph
Car 48 kph
Joggers 6 kph
Biker 15 kph
Parachute 20 kph
Airplane 740 kph
Procedure(2):
1. Consider all the objects in the picture shown with their respective minimum
2. Following the frame of reference of the bystander, as the rest frame with the
Table 2.
By- Para- Air-
Frame of Reference Car Joggers Biker
stander chute plane
740
48 kph, 6 kph, 15 kph, 20 kph,
Bystander 0 kph,
left right left left
right
Car
Runner
Biker
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Parachute
Airplane
References
http://dev.physicslab.org/Document.aspx?doctype=5&filename=Kinematics_RelativeVelocity
.xml
http://online.fliphtml5.com/kddq/fymk/#p=3
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/define-inertial-and-non-inertial-frames-of-reference-give-
example/
http://physics.usask.ca/~kathryn/phys111/inertial_ref_frames.pdf
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2
What I Know What's More Assessment
1. C Activity 1 1. B
2. C 1. Contact force 2. C
3. D 2. getting warmer 3. A
3. frictional
4. A force/contact force 4. D
5. C 5. C
6. D 6. B
Activity 2
7. D 7. D
8. B 1. Attracted to each 8. A
9. B other 9. C
2. Pushing against
10. C each other 10. D
11. B 3. Magnetic force / 11. B
12. A noncontact force 12. A
13. B 13. B
14. A Conclusion 14. C
15. D 15. C
Contact force need contact to
apply force while noncontact
force can apply force without
getting near or in getting
contact
Answer Key
References
http://dev.physicslab.org/Document.aspx?doctype=5&filename=Kinematics_RelativeVelocity
.xml
http://online.fliphtml5.com/kddq/fymk/#p=3
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/define-inertial-and-non-inertial-frames-of-reference-give-
example/
http://physics.usask.ca/~kathryn/phys111/inertial_ref_frames.pdf
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