Super-capacitor

Introduction:

A Super-capacitor is a device which can store electrical energy quickly and discharge
slowly. We know that the normal capacitors like Electrolytic Capacitor, Ceramic Capacitor
etc. can store electrical energy very quickly and discharge also very quickly but the super-
capacitor does not the same. The Super-capacitor is also called Ultra-capacitor or Electrical
Double Layer Capacitor (EDLC). In this post, we are going to now the applications,
advantages, dis-advantages of Super-capacitor.

Advantages:
a) Very High efficiency.
b) Fast charging property.
c) Supercapacitor has a long life than a battery 10 to 15 years.
d) The supercapacitor can withstand any temperature between -30 to 65-degree centigrade
whereas a battery can withstand -10 to 40-degree centigrade.
e) The supercapacitor is very light in weight.
f) Supercapacitors can be installed in a short area as it has very smaller in size.
g) The supercapacitor has a very fast transient response.

Need to be upgrade:
a) The supercapacitor has very low specific energy.
b) It is very difficult to make high voltage capacity supercapacitor at the present time that is why
mostly 2.7V supercapacitors are available in the market.
c) The linear discharge voltage property of the supercapacitor is a disadvantage for us. Linear
discharge voltage property means that when the supercapacitor discharge 50% of total
stored energy, the voltage also reduce half of the full voltage that means if the full voltage of
the supercapacitor is 2.7V then the voltage will be reduced to 1.3V. But in case of a battery,
the voltage will be near to the full voltage even the battery discharge 50% energy.
d) Price of supercapacitors is more than Li-ion batteries for the same capacity.
e) The supercapacitor quickly discharges than a battery when it is not connected with the load
or in other words the self-discharging property of supercapacitor is a disadvantage for us.