MAPEH (MUSIC 10)

Learning Activity Sheets

MUSIC OF THE 20TH CENTURY

Name :________________________________ Q1-Week 3

Section: _______________________________ Date: ____________________

Background Information for Learners

In the 20th century, music brought freedom and experimentation with new musical styles and
forms that challenged the accepted rules of music of earlier periods. These new styles were:
impressionism, expressionism, primitivism, neo-classicism, avant-garde music, modern nationalism,
electronic music, and chance music.

IMPRESSIONISM
This movement started in the 19th century. Paris-based visual artist, specifically Claude Monet
through his painting “Impression Sunrise”. There was an extensive use of different timbres and effects,
vague melodies and innovative chords resulting in a non-traditional harmonic order and resolution of the
compositions.

EXPRESSIONISM
The emotions of the music are taken to the extreme, leading to disturbing, unsettling, and
sometimes violent. It lacks stable and conventional harmonies and serves as a medium for expressing
strong emotions such as anxiety and rage.

PRIMITIVISM
It is a word that describes the condition or quality that belongs to something crude and unrefined.
It combines two familiar or simple ideas together creating new sounds and the music is tonal through
stressing of one note as more important than the others

NEOCLASSICISM
It was a partial return to a Classical form of writing music with carefully modulated dissonances.
It also adopted a modern, freer use of the seven-tone diatonic scale.

AVANT-GARDE MUSIC
It was closely associated with electronic music and dealt with parameters or dimensions of sound
in space. It made use of variations of self- contained note groups to change musical continuity and
improvisation, with an absence of traditional rules on harmony, melody and rhythm.

MODERN NATIONALISM
It focused on nationalist composers and musical innovators who sought to combine modern
techniques with folk materials.

ELECTRONIC MUSIC
Any music involving electronic processing, such as recording and editing on tape, and whose
reproduction involves the use of loudspeakers. The music that uses the tape recorder is called musique
concrete, or concrete music.

CHANCE MUSIC
It refers to a style in which the piece sounds different at every performance because of the
random techniques of production, including the use of ring modulators or natural elements that become a
part of the music.
20th CENTURY MUSIC STYLE CHARACTERISTICS
1. RHYTHM: Complex, individual rhythms are used, and new rhythms and meters are common such as
polyrhythms and polymeters.
2. MELODY: Melodies are often fragmented, dissonant and experimental. Depending on the form or
style used, melodies could be based on scales from non-Western countries, chromatic scales, twelve-tone
rows, or microtonal.
3. HARMONY: It is often experimental and dissonant. Instead of all harmony being based on the interval
of a third ( tertian harmony, used in much of Western tonal music), harmony is sometimes based on
seconds, fourths and fifths atonality, meaning an absence of tonality, is present in music such as twelve-
tone compositions.
4. TEXTURE: Polyphonic textures are often used and experiment with new textures using layers of
different sound.
5. FORM: Musical forms from previous periods are used, often in experimental ways

Learning Competency with code

Describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th century styles (MU10TC-la-2)

Directions/Instructions
Read the instructions/directions carefully in every activity before answering. You are free to search online
for further understanding of the lesson/topic.

Exercises / Activities
Activity No. 1
Give an example of the musical work of each of the composers found in the column below. Identify the
movement/musical style they used. Write your answers in the table below.

Composer Title of Musical Work Movement/Musical Style

Debussy
Ravel
Schoenberg
Stravinsky
Bartok
Varese
Poulenc
Gershwin
Bernstein
Cage

Activity No. 2
WORD SCRAMBLE. Arrange the letters to reveal terms or persons related to 20th Century music.
Write your answer on the space given.

1. VITSIPMRIMI _______________________________
2. ERNMO AIINLNMTSOA _______________________________
3. MRIINSMPOESIS _______________________________
4. MCAURIE LRVAE _______________________________
5. OLCCNRTEIE CMSIU _______________________________
6. NMSPSIEOEIRSX _______________________________
7. GANVR-TEDAA _______________________________
7. ECULAD EYBSSUD _______________________________
8. ISGERE PORFFFKEIO _______________________________
9. CNHCEA SMUCI _______________________________
10. EGREOG WINGSREH _______________________________
Activity No. 3
MODIFIED TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is correct. If the statement is FALSE,
underline the word or group of words that makes it incorrect.Then, write the word(s) on the blank
provided to make the statement correct.

__________________1. West Side Story is an American adaptation of Peter and the Wolf.
__________________2. Avant-garde music made use of variations of self- contained note groups to
change musical continuity and improvisation, with the presence of traditional rules on harmony, melody
and rhythm.
__________________3. Primitivism combines two familiar or simple ideas together creating new sounds.
__________________4. Chance Music adopted a modern, freer use of the seven-tone diatonic scale.
__________________5. Visions Fugitives Op. 22 No.1 is an example of monotone composition.
__________________6. The Rite of Spring composed by Igor Stravinsky has symmetrical rhythms
successfully portrayed the character of a solemn pagan rite.
__________________7. Verklarte Nacht composed by Arnold Schoenberg has structured a long arch
from the cold despair of D minor to the resolve of D major.
__________________8. Impressionism composers used an extensive different timbre and effects, vague
melodies and innovative chords.
__________________9. Igor Stravinsky’s String Six String Quartet is a combination of difficult and
dissonance music with mysterious sounds.
__________________10. Stabat Mater is a prevailing style of unison singing and repetition.

Activity No. 4
Write the musical characteristics that describe the following 20th century music style and composition.
20th Century music style/composition Musical Characteristics
Impressionism

Avant-Garde

The Rite of Spring

Peter and the Wolf

Guide Questions
Essay.Answer the essay questions below. You are allowed to search online and/or read books for
references. Read the rubric for scoring below before answering.( Write your answers on a piece of paper)

1. How did music change during the 20th century?

2. Why is it important to study 20th century music?

Rubrics for scoring

Comprehensive/Analytical Essay
5 (extensive information)
Well written/includes some analysis
4 (strong information)
Well written but lacks balance/lacks analysis
3 (limited information)
Weak Essay/lacks organization/no analysis
2 (little information)
Poorly written/barely addresses question
1 (factual errors)

Reflection Reflect on this statement: “Music is a Medicine for the Soul”(Write your answer on a paper)1.
How can music help heal the world during this Global Pandemic ?
References
Book
Cabanban Evelyn C. and Sunico, Raul. Horizons:Music and Arts Appreciation for Young Learners Grade
10. 2015
Internet
Classic Cat. “Bolero.” Accessed July 16, 2020. https://www.classiccat.net/ravel_m/_boler0.info.php
Gutmann, Peter. 2005.“Arnold Shoenberg:Verklarte Nacht.” Accessed July 16, 2020.
http://www.classicalnotes.net/classics/verklarte.html
Hiller, Lejaren. “Electronic Music.” Accessed July 16, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/art/electronic-
music
New World Encyclopedia writers and editors. “Twentieth-century music.” Accessed July 16, 2020.
https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/twentieth-century_music
Piano Tv. 2016. “An Analysis of Clair de Lune (For Casual Music Fans).” Accessed July 16, 2020.
https://www.pianotv.net/2016/05/analysis-of-clair-de-lune/
Ungayan, Keren Gel. July 29, 2018. “Music of the Twentieth Century.” Accessed July 16, 2020.
https://www.slideshare.net/KerenGelUngayan/music-of-the-20-th-century
Wikipedia. “Poème électronique.” Modified June 30, 2020.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A8me_%C3%A9lectronique
Answers Key
Activity No. 1
Composer Title of Musical Work Movement/Musical Style
Debussy Clair de Lune Impressionism
Ravel Bolero Impressionism
Schoenberg Verklarte Nacht Expressionism
Stravinsky The Rite of Spring Primitivism
Bartok Six String Quartet Primitivism
Varese Poeme Electronique Electronic Music
Poulenc Stabat Mater Neo-Classicism
Gershwin Rhapsody in Blue Avant-Garde Music
Bernstein West Side Story Avant-Garde Music
Cage 4’33” Chance Music
Activity No. 2
1. PRIMITIVISM
2.MODERN NATIONALISM
3. IMPRESSIONISM
4. MAURICE RACEL
5. ELECTRONIC MUSIC
6. EXPRESSIONISM
7. AVANT-GARDE
8. CLAUDE DEBUSSY
9. CHANCE MUSIC
10. GEORGE GERSHWIN
Activity No. 3
1. Peter and the Wolf – Romeo and Juliet
2. presence – absence
3. TRUE
4. Chance Music – Neo-Classicism
5. monotone – polytone
6. symmetrical – asymmetrical
7. TRUE
8. TRUE
9. Igor Stravinsky – Bela Bartok
10. TRUE
Activity No. 4
1. Melody: vague, Harmony: innovative chords
2. Texture: dimensions of sound in space, Harmony: self-contained note groups
3. Melody: dissonance, Rhythm: asymmetrical
4. Melody: dissonance, Rhythm: pulsating, Harmony: progressive

PREPARED BY: Karren Ann P. Cunanan