University of the Philippines Visayas

National Service Training Program

NSTP Common Module

ASSIGNMENT GUIDE

WEEK 5:
Disaster Preparedness and First Aid

INTRODUCTION:

Natural disasters and medical emergencies are inherently unforeseeable. These dangerous
events usually happen at the worst possible time and place where there are limited resources.
With the right training and knowledge, individuals can help minimize the extent of damages,
injury, and even avoid fatalities. Being familiar with the fundamental concepts of Disaster
Preparedness and First Aid also enables students to assist other people in a health emergency
or natural disaster crisis.

First Aid is the immediate and temporary care given to a victim of an accident or sudden illness
until the service of a physician can be obtained. Proper first aid reduces suffering and makes
the physician’s task easier when he/she assumes the care of the patient. The responsibilities
of the first aider stop when the physician starts doing his/her duty.

OBJECTIVES:

1) Understand the need for the emergency preparedness process to support an effective
emergency response.
2.) Practice common safety and health regulations and first aid for the home and community

TASK:

Apply your newly acquired knowledge in First Aid response.

EXPECTED OUTPUT:

Based on what you have learned from the ppt presentations, videos and information
from the links provided to you in your study guide, how would you apply your learnings
on the following scenarios?

Describe how to handle those emergencies cases and give the treatment or rescue
intended for it.

Page 1 of 2
a) In your area, an earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 suddenly occurred. It resulted to
damages of properties and injuries to some people. One of them was Juan who
suffered a fracture on his left leg. What would you do to help Juan?

1. Survey the patient’s leg. If the fracture is not that serious or it needs an immediate
call for emergency.
2. Splinting the extremity in the position it is found
3. If the patient’s is bleeding, then stop it by applying pressure to the wound with a
sterile bandage, a clean cloth, or a clean piece of clothing.
4. Immobilize the injured area for the initial pain control. Don't try to realign the bone or
push a bone that's sticking out back in. If you've been trained in how to splint and
professional help isn't readily available, apply a splint to the area above and below
the fracture sites. Padding the splints can help reduce discomfort. Even gentle
pressure or movement causes pain.
5. Apply elevation and ice Apply ice packs to limit swelling and help relieve pain. Don't
apply ice directly to the skin. Wrap the ice in a towel, piece of cloth or some other
material.
6. Treat for shock. If the person feels faint or is breathing in short, rapid breaths lay the
person down with the head slightly lower than the trunk and, if possible, elevate the
legs.
7. If the person is unresponsive, isn't breathing or isn't moving. Begin CPR if there's no
breathing or heartbeat.
8. However, immediately call for emergency if needed especially if there is a heavy
bleeding, the limb or joint appears deformed, the bone has pierced the skin, the
extremity of the injured arm or leg such as toe or finger, is numb or bluish at the tip;
you suspect a bone is broken.

b) In your home, while everyone was busy preparing for dinner, one of your siblings
accidentally slipped on the floor while holding a casserole with boiling liquid inside. As
she dropped the casserole, some liquid sprinkled on her arm causing a burn on her
skin. How would you respond?

1. Survey the patient’s injury or the burnt area of the skin.

2. Place or hold the affected area under cool running water.
3. Use an antibiotic ointment. Do not use toothpaste or some available oils, butter, or
egg whites in the kitchen to treat the wound.
4. Don’t pop the blisters.
5. Make a cool compress. Do not use an ice or direct cold water.
6. Take an over the counter pain reliever.
7. You can also make use of an aloe Vera juice to treat the wound.

c) While you are walking on the street going to your house, a stray dog suddenly bit you.
What will you do?

Page 2 of 2
 1. Wash the wound. Use mild soap, and run warm tap water over it for five to 10
minutes. For any bite, be sure to clean and disinfect the wound thoroughly, because
all animal bites can transmit bacteria and cause infection.
2. Slow the bleeding with a clean cloth.
3. Apply over-the counter antibiotic cream if you have it.
4. Wrap the wound in a sterile bandage.
5. Keep the wound bandaged and see your doctor. Allow them to check if you were
infected by its rabies and if so, go on with the vaccinations right away. If the animal
that bit you seems to be partially paralyzed, acts aggressively, or behaves in a
strange way, then it may be rabid.
6. Change the bandage several times a day once your doctor has examined the
wound.
7. Watch for signs of infection, including redness, swelling, increased pain and fever.
8. If it’s a superficial scrape or gash, clean the wound with running water, and then
hydrogen peroxide or isopropyl alcohol. Apply a topical antibiotic and cover with a
bandage.
9. Puncture Wounds. First of all, don’t be afraid to let the wound bleed. Unless you’ve
lost a lot of blood or it is gushing out forcefully, or the wound is in your head or neck,
(in which case call 911 immediately), wait five minutes. The flow of blood out of the
wound will help to cleanse it.
10. After five minutes, see if you can stop the bleeding through direct pressure. Again, if
it doesn’t stop, call for emergency help. If it does stop, cleanse the wound by rinsing
under running water with mild soap for five minutes.
11. Do not use rubbing alcohol, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, or Mercurochrome for
puncture wounds. These can slow healing. Puncture wounds do not normally need
to be bandaged, but if you choose to, be sure to clean the wound thoroughly first.
Luckily, dog bites do not normally leave debris or other objects in the wound which
would need to be removed.
12. You can also take action for the dog which has beaten you through contacting the
animal control as soon as possible so they can try to capture the dog, and so they
can begin rabies vaccinations right away.

Assignment must be double spaced. Paper size is A4, margins should be set at
moderate (top and bottom margins at 2.54cm, left and right margins at 1.91cm). This
must be submitted in Word format or pdf through the UPV LMS, or handwritten and
scanned with a clear picture taken of the answers. Due date of submission is indicated
at the UPV LMS.

Rubrics for Grading:

10 Points 7 Points 3 Point

Content Shows accuracy- Gives overview of Lacks key
complete steps are how to perform the components and

Page 3 of 2
 shown and described treatment but does documentation is not
in detail. not provide enough enough.
details.

Presentation and Work is well Work meets basic Key components are
organization prepared and activity requirements insufficient, and
properly organized. only. content is
disorganized
Creativity and Student performed Student missed to Shows evidence that
originality the task reference all sources, the activity was done
independently with if any by copying the work
complete referencing of others.
to sources, if any.

Page 4 of 2