SUMMARIZING AND

PARAPHRASING

By
Ria Nirwana
 BASIC DIFFERENT
SUMMARIZING PARAPHRASING DIRECT QUOTES

Considering an Putting an author’s Word for word

author’s ideas to a ideas in your own quotation. (Using an
more succinct words. author’s language
statement. word for word).
 SUMMARIZING
Summarize (v):
To make a short statement giving only the main
information and not the details of a plan, event,
report, etc.
A short statement that gives the main information
about something, without giving all the details.
 SUMMARIZING
What Is Summarizing?

Is how we take larger selections of text and reduce them to

their essentials: the gist, the key ideas, the main points that are
worth noting and remembering.
It includes condensing the source material into just a few lines.
To summarize is to put your own words a shortened version of
written or spoken material, stating the main points and leaving
out everything that is not essential.
 SUMMARIZING
What Usually Happens?
You write down everything.
You write down next to nothing.
You give complete sentences.
You copy word for word.
 SUMMARIZING
What Should I (We) Do?
Pull out main ideas.
Use your own words.
Focus on key details.
Use key words and phrases.
Break down the larger ideas.
Write only enough to convey the gist.
Take succinct but complete notes.
Do not include your interpretation or analysis within the
summary (self-opinion).
Make a clear distinction between your thoughts and
someone else’s.
 SUMMARIZING
How To Write Summarizing?
You can start off with half a page, try to get it down
into two paragraphs, one paragraph. Then reduce it
again into two or three sentences. And ultimately a
single sentence.
You have to use the key words or phrases to
identify only who, what, when, where, why and how
(5W & 1H)
 SUMMARIZING
What Is The Purpose?
It teaches how to discern the most important ideas
in a text, how to ignore irrelevant information and
how to integrate the central ideas in meaningful way.
It improves their memory for what is read.
 PARAPHRASING
Paraphrase (v):
To express in a shorter, clearer, or different way
what someone has said or written.
A statement that express in a shorter, clearer, or
different way what someone has said or written.
 PARAPHRASING
What Is Paraphrasing?

Paraphrasing is a way of presenting a text, keeping the same meaning,

but using different words and phrasing.
To paraphrase means to restate someone else’s ideas in your own
language at roughly the same level of detail..
The key to successful paraphrasing is to use as few words as possible
from the original text. Be mindful not to change the meaning tht you are
trying to convey as you rephrase and to cite your paraphrase. Without
proper citation, your paraphrase could be construed as plagiarism.
 PARAPHRASING
How To Paraphrase?
Read the source carefully. It is essential that you
understand it fully.
Identify the main point(s) and key words.
Cover the original text and rewrite it in your own
words. Check that you have included the main points
and essential information.
Write the paraphrase in your own style.
 PARAPHRASING
How To Rephrase It?
Meaning: ensure that you keep the original meaning
and maintain the same relationship between main ideas
and supporting points.
Words: Use synonyms (words or expression which have
a similar meaning) where appropriate. Key words that
are specialized subject vocabulary do not need to be
changed.
If you want to retain unique or specialist phrases, use
quotation marks (“_____”).
Change the grammar and sentence structure.
 TEXT EXAMPLE
THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEMS

The blood is the transport system by which oxygen and nutrients

reach the body’s cells and waste materials are carried away. The
heart, a muscular organ, positioned behind the ribcage and between
the lungs, is the pump that keeps this transport system moving.
Blood leaves the left side of the heart and travels through
arteries, which gradually divide into capillaries. In the capillaries,
food and oxygen are released to the body cells, and carbon dioxide
and other waste products are returned to the bloodstream. The blood
then travels in veins back to the right side of the heart, where it is
pumped directly to the lungs. In the lungs, carbon dioxide is
exchanged for oxygen, and this renewed blood flows back to the left
side of the heart, and the whole process begins again.
THANK YOU
