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TENSES
Active
TENSES simple Continuous Perfect Perfect continous
Present Do/does Is/am/are + Ving Have/has + V3 Have/has been + Ving
V1
Past (+) V2 Was/were + Ving Had + V3 Had been + Ving
(-) didn’t V1
Future Will + V1 Will be + Ving Will have + V3 Will have been + Ving

Passive (S + Tobe + V3 by O)
TENSES Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect
continuous
Present Is/am/are + V3 Is/am/are + Have/has been +
being+ V3 V3
Past Was/were + V3 Was/were + being Had been + V3
+ V3
Future Will be + V3 Will have been +
V3

TIME SIGNAL
No TENSES
1 Simple Present Tense
2 Present Continous
3 Present Perfect
4 Present Perfect Continous
5 Simple Past Tense
6 Past Continous
7 Past Perfect
8 Past Perfect Continous
9 Simple Future Tense
10 Future Continous
11 Future Perfect
12 Future Perfect Continous
2
TIME SIGNAL
-always(selalu)
-seldom(jarang)
-usually(biasanya)
-sometimes(kadang2)
-every….(setiap…..)
-generally(umumnya)
-often(sering)
-once a week(sekali seminggu)
-now (sekarang)
-right now (sekarang juga/saat ini)
-at present (saat ini)
-nowadays (sekarang ini)
-this morning (pagi ini)
-already (sudah)
-just (baru saja)
-not…..yet(belum)
-for…(selama……)
-all morning(sepanjang pagi)
- since (sejak)
-all day (sepanjang hari)
-yesterday (kemarin)
-last night (tadi malam)
-last week (minggu lalu)
-last year (tahun lalu)
-3 days ago (tiga hari yang lalu)
- last………….. : ………lalu
-…………….ago : ………lalu
-yesterday night (kemarin)
-at 9 O’clock last night (jam 9 tadi malam)
-last week on Sunday
- Past Perfect when Simple Past
- After Past Perfect, Simple Past
- Past Perfect before Simple Past
-Past perfect Continous when Simple past
-After past perfect continous, simple past
- Past perfect Continous before Simple Past
- Past continous = Sedang saja
- Past perfect Continous = sedang dengan ada
duraasi waktu
- next week (minggu depan)
-tomorrow (besok)
-next time (nanti)
- tonight (nanti malam)
-next year(tahun depan)
-Next month(bulan depan)
- next week on Sunday(minggu depan pd hari
minggu)
-tomorrow night (besok malam)
-next time at 7 O’clock(nanti jam 7)
- at 8 O’clock tonight (jam 8 nanti malam)
-next year on July(tahun depan pada bln juli)
- at the same time tomorrow
- by the next week
-by the end of this month
(menjelang akhir bulan ini)
-by the end of June
-by the end of this year
- for………by…….next
-for 2 weeks by the end of this month
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13 Simple Past Future Tense - yesterday

-last night
-Rumus Conditional Sentence II
“S.Past Future if S.Past Tense”
I would give him a book if He passed the final
exam at school.
14 Past Future Continous - at 8 O’clock yesterday
-at ….last night
-at the same time last week
15 Past Future Perfect - by……last……….
-by the end of last year
-untuk conditional sentence type III
“Past future Perfect if Past Perfect”
He would have built a house if he had gone
abroad.
16 Past Future Perfect Continous - for….by……last……….
-for 3 months by the end of last year.
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1. Simple Present Tense

Present simple tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan kegiatan sehari-hari atau aktifitas
yang dilakukan secara berulang.

Terdapat 2 jenis simple present tense yaitu:

Simple Present Tense (Verb)

Simple Present Tense (To Be)

Simple Present Tense (Verb)

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense (Verb)

1. Kalimat Positif: S + V1 + S/Es + O + Adverb of Time

 I study mathematics every Sunday

 We go to the beach every weekend
 My mother cleans the bathroom everyday.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Do/Does + Not + V1 + O + Adverb of Time

 I don’t study mathematics every Sunday

 We don’t go to the beach every weekend
 My mother doesn’t clean the bathroom everyday.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Do/Does + S + V1 + O + Adverb of Time?

 Do I study mathematics every Sunday?

 Do we go to the beach every weekend?
 Does my mother clean the bathroom everyday?

Simple Present Tense (To Be)

Simple present tense to be digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu objek, orang atau
sesuatu yang abstrak.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Simple Present Tense (To Be)

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Am/Is/Are + O + Adverb of Time

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 It is an apple.
 She is sick now.
 They are in the classroom.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Am/Is/Are + Not + O + Adverb of Time

 It is not an apple.
 She is not sick now.
 They are not in the classroom.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Am/Is/Are + S + O + Adverb of Time?

 Is it an apple?
 Is she sick now?
 Are they in the classroom?

2. Present Continuous Tense

Present continuous tense menjelaskan suatu kegiatan atau aksi yang sedang
berlangsung sekarang.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Present Continuous Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Am/Is/Are + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I am playing guitar.
 My mother is cooking in the kitchen.
 She is writing a letter now.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Am/Is/Are + Not + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I am not playing guitar.

 My mother is not cooking in the kitchen.
 She is not writing a letter now.

3. Kalimat Interogatif Am/Is/Are + S + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Am I playing guitar?
 Is my mother cooking in the kitchen?
 Is she writing a letter now?
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3. Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense digunakan menjelaskan suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa yang
telah selesai kita kerjakan / terjadi, namun tidak dititik beratkan pada keterangan
waktunya.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Have/Has + O + V3

 I have studied English for six months.

 We have lived in Jakarta since 1988.
 She has left the city.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Have/Has + Not + O + V3

 I haven’t studied English for six months.

 We haven’t lived in Jakarta since 1988.
 She hasn’t left the city.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Have/Has + S + O + V3

 Have I studied English for six months?

 Have We lived in Jakarta since 1988?
 Has She left the city.

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Present perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu perbuatan atau
kegiatan yang dilakukan di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Present Perfect Continuous Tense

1. Kalimat Poistif: S + Have/Has + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 She has been coming to school late recently.

 They have been sleeping for 3 hours.
 I have been waiting for you for 30 minutes.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Have/Has + Not + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 She has not been coming to school late recently.

 They have not been sleeping for 3 hours.
 I have not been waiting for you for 30 minutes.
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3. Kalimat Interogatif: Have/Has + S + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Has she been coming to school late recently?

 Have they been sleeping for 3 hours?
 Have I been waiting for you for 30 minutes?

5. Simple Past Tense

Simple past tense digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian atau peristiwa yang terjadi di
waktu lampau.

Terdapat 2 jenis simple past tense yaitu:

Simple past tense (Verb)

Simple past tense (To be)

Simple Past Tense (Verb)

Simple past tense verb atau sering kita dengar simple past tense verbal adalah sebuah
tenses yang di gunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu action yang terjadi di waktu lampau.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Simple Past Tense (Verb) :

1.Kalimat Postitif: S + V2 + O + Adverb of Time

 I went to Jakarta last week.

 She visited us yesterday.
 They learned English last Sunday.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Did Not + V1 + O + Averb of Time

 I didn’t go to Jakarta last week.

 She didn’t visit us yesterday.
 They didn’t learn English last Sunday.

3. Kalimat Interogatif : Did + S + O + Adverb of Time?

 Did I go to Jakarta last week?

 Did she visit us yesterday?
 Did they learn English last Sunday?
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Simple Past Tense (To Be)

Simple past tense to be digunakan untuk menerangkan orang, tempat atau sesuatu
yang abstrak.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Simple Past Tense (To Be)

1. Kalimat Positif

Rumus: S + Was/Were + Noun/Adjective/Adverb + Adverb of Time (Past)

 I was in London three weeks ago.

 They were friend last year.
 She was so beautiful 10 years ago.

2. Kalimat Negatif

Rumus: S + Was/Were + Not + Noun/Adjective/Adverb + Adverb of Time (Past)

o I was not in London three weeks ago.

o They were not friend last year.
o She was not so beautiful 10 years ago.

3. Kalimat Interogatif

Rumus: Was/Were + S + Noun/Adjective/Adverb + Adverb of Time (Past)?

 Was I in London three weeks ago?

 Were they friend last year?
 Was she beautiful 10 years ago?

6. Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense menjelaskan suatu kegiatan atau aksi yang sedang berlangsung
di waktu lampau.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Past Continuous Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Was/Were + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I was studying at school yesterday.

 We were playing football when she came to my house.
 She was cooking two hours ago.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Was/Were + Not + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

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 I was not studying at school yesterday.

 We were not playing football when she came to my house.
 She was not cooking two hours ago.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Was/Were + S + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Was I studying at school yesterday?

 Were we playing football when she came to my house?
 Was she cooking two hours ago?

7. Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu aksi yang telah terjadi di waktu
lampau sebelum sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Past Perfect Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Had + V3 + O

 I had studied English.

 She had died before the doctor came.
 They had gone before I reach.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Had + Not + V3 + O

 I hadn’t studied English.

 She hadn’t died before the doctor came.
 They hadn’t gone before I reach.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Had + S + V3 + O?

 Had I studied English?

 Had she died before the doctor came?
 Had They gone before I reach?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu aksi atau perbuatan
yang telah sedang berlangsung di waktu lampau.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Past Perfect Continuous Tense

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1. Kalimat Positif: S + Had + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I had been studying English for 15 minutes yesterday.

 She had been working all afternoon.
 My mother had been sweeping the floor.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Had + Not + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I had not been studying English for 15 minutes yesterday.

 She had not been working all afternoon.
 My mother had not been sweeping the floor.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Had + S + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Had I been studying English for 15 minutes yesterday?

 Had she been working all afternoon?
 Had My mother been sweeping the floor?

9. Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu perbuatan yang akan
dikerjakan di masa yang akan datang.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Simple Future Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Will + V1 + O + Adverb of Time (Future)

 I will go to the library after school.

 We will visit grandmother house tomorrow.
 The exam will start tomorrow morning.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Will + Not + V1 + O + Adverb of Time (Future)

 I will not go to the library after school.

 We will not visit grandmother house tomorrow.
 The exam will not start tomorrow morning.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Will + S + V1 + O + Adverb of Time (Future)

 Will I go to the library after school?

 Will we visit grandmother house tomorrow?
 Will the exam start tomorrow morning?
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10. Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu aksi atau kegiatan yang
akan sedang terjadi di masa yang akan datang.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Future Continuous Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Will Be + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 We will be going to the beach this afternoon.

 She will be studying English at 10 a.m
 I will be moving to a new house next month.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Will Be + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 We will not be going to the beach this afternoon.

 She will not be studying English at 10 a.m
 I will not be moving to a new house next month.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: S + Will + Not + Be + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Will we be going to the beach this afternoon?

 Will she be studying English at 10 a.m?
 Will I be moving to a new house next month?

11. Future Perfect Tense

Future perfect tense di gunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu perbuatan atau aksi yang
akan selesai sebelum waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Will + Have + V3

 The exam will have finished by 09.00 tomorrow.

 They will have moved to London by the end of this week.
 She will have graduated from University next year.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Will + Not + Have + V3

 The exam will not have finished by 09.00 tomorrow.

 They will not have moved to London by the end of this week.
 She will not have graduated from University next year.
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3. Kalimat Interogatif: Will + S + Have + V3?

 Will the exam have finished by 09.00 tomorrow?

 Will they have moved to London by the end of this week?
 Will she have graduated from University next year?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Future perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk menjelaskan suatu kegiatan atau aksi
yang akan sudah berlangsung di masa depan.

Rumus & Contoh Kalimat Future Perfect Continuous Tense

1. Kalimat Positif: S + Will + Have + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I will have been studying in Cambridge University for 4 years by next

month.
 We will have been visiting our grandmother’s house for a month by the
end of this year.
 My mother will have been working at a new office by the end of this
month.

2. Kalimat Negatif: S + Will + Not + Have + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time

 I will not have been studying in Cambridge University for 4 years by next
month.
 We will not have been visiting our grandmother’s house for a month by the
end of this year.
 My mother will not have been working at a new office by the end of this
month.

3. Kalimat Interogatif: Will + S + Have + Been + V.ing + O + Adverb of Time?

 Will I have been studying in Cambridge University for 4 years by next

month?
 Will we have been visiting our grandmother’s house for a month by the
end of this year?
 Will my mother have been working at a new office by the end of this
month?