Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Action Research Proposal Sample
Action Research Proposal Sample
Submitted by;
September 2018
2
lesson plans or daily lesson logs with the objective that 100% of the class will learn from the
day’s classroom activities, and it is most satisfying when all students are present on that day
Sadly, it is difficult to achieve perfect attendance. No matter how interesting and well-
prepared the lessons and teaching materials are, there are bound to be students who miss
context of school, it is the habitual or intentional failure to attend school. While every student
is away from school for many days. Going to school regularly is crucially important for a
student’s education and social skills. Chronically absent students are at a disadvantage both
socially and academically. They miss out on critical stages of social interaction and
development with their peers, while simultaneously limiting their academic progress. This
can result in low self-esteem, social isolation, and dissatisfaction that could well have
society in general, and students in particular. Unaccepted absences harm peer relationships,
which can cause further absences. According to Malcolm, et al. (2003), teachers identified
friends which could lead to boredom and loss of confidence, prolonged absence can have
deleterious effects for the child in later life, and students who are absent from school are at
acquired in his academic studies which are the outcome of the learning process helped
sequential and organized way. This can affect the progress of all the students in the class.
On the other hand, the family of habitually absent students can also suffer. For a poverty-
stricken family, it may mean a continuation of the poverty and unemployment cycle that may
run in the family. This also contributes to family conflicts. The society also suffers when
school-age children are not in school. These children may hang out on the streets. Since
they have nothing to do, they resort to petty crimes like stealing other people's belongings
and property. Others may become addicted to drugs or engage in other destructive behavior.
Thus, if a student keeps away from school for too long, he may grow up to be a liability to his
Furthermore, there are twenty-three (23) out of fifty-nine (59) Grade 12 Electrical
Installation and Maintenance (EIM) students who are always absent in this section. This is
In this study, the researcher would like to minimize this problem, if not eradicate it.
That is why the researcher will conduct action research to understand them better. He
wanted a more accurate analysis of why some of his students are perennial absentees, so
performance can be perceived as beneficial among students. The attendance and academic
performance incentive-based intervention from the teachers include the following: positive
comments, positive note home to parents, extra time at the computer laboratory, homework
pass, first-in-line privileges, cookie or snack coupons, individual or team certificates, name
on “attendance wall” in the classroom, chance to act as teacher’s assistant, and give pencils,
It is in the context that this action research will be undertaken, that is, to identify the
causes why the Grade 12 Electrical and Installation Maintenance (EIM) students in Diplahan
National High School absent themselves from their classes. Since the researcher is the
adviser in Grade 12 EIM section, improving the attendance and academic performance of
4
the students is his primary concern. One way to improve attendance and academic
performance are to employ an appropriate intervention hence the Incentive-based. Thus this
academic performance among the Grade 12 Electrical Installation and Maintenance (EIM)
students of Diplahan National High School during the school year 2018 – 2019. Specifically,
1. What are the factors that cause absenteeism among Grade 12 EIM students?
2. What is the frequency of attendance among Grade 12 EIM students when grouped
into:
3. What is the academic performance of the Grade 12 EIM students when data are
grouped into :
performance at all levels. Research suggests that students with good attendance records
are more likely to improve academically and to graduate, compared to their peers with poor
attendance records. Absenteeism at all levels can negatively impact a student’s long-term
achievement, beginning with critical skill development in the early grades and then academic
10 percent or more school time in an academic year. Though the definition of absenteeism
may differ slightly, the National Center for School Engagement asserts that the outcomes of
classified. Several studies suggest that chronic absences frequently lead to notable
Students miss school for several reasons, some of which can be attributed to factors
beyond their control. Minorities, males, and urban students, as well as those from low-
income, single parent, and large households, are particularly susceptible to chronic
absenteeism. For example, the Johns Hopkins University study notes that the reasons for
student absence may include the obligations or circumstances that prevent them from going
to school, their intention to evade events or interactions at school or their lack of effort to get
to school.
particular, the National Center of Education Statistics notes that "high school dropouts have
been found to exhibit a history of negative behaviors, including high levels of absenteeism
throughout their childhood, at higher rates than high school graduates." This finding
indicates a potential need for districts and schools to address absenteeism early in a
should pay more attention to the signs of disinterest or struggle. Some studies suggest that
6
elementary level interventions are more effective in boosting attendance than those that
Furthermore, the John W. Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities, an
factors that may contribute to student truancy and absenteeism, including individual issues,
family issues, district, and school policies and practices, and community issues.
prevention strategies. In this study, the researcher will use the Incentive-based Intervention
to improve the attendance and academic performance of the Grade 12 Electrical Installation
Zamboanga Sibugay.
Incentive-Based Intervention
The literature suggests that student attendance and academic performance through
incentive-based do not need to be costly. For example, a successful incentive can include
extra recess time or homework passes. Class-wide incentives and rewards that encourage
friendly competition between classes also tend to be powerful, as students can encourage
their peers to attend school so that the entire group benefits from the competition. In
particular, Attendance Works, a national and state initiative promoting better policies and
practices around school attendance, provides some example ideas for student attendance
teachers include the following: positive comments, positive note home to parents, extra time
at the computer, homework pass, first-in-line privileges, cookie or snack coupons, individual
or team certificates, name on “attendance wall” in the classroom, chance to act as teacher’s
assistant, and pencils, pens, stickers, bookmarks, and others. On the other hand, the
attendance and academic performance incentive from the school administration include the
7
school supplies, food coupons redeemable in the canteen, food gift certificate for
restaurants, ice cream or a pizza party for the class with the best attendance and higher
academic performance, choice of donated items, such as movie tickets or gift certificates,
traveling trophy for the homeroom with best monthly attendance and higher academic
performance, parking space near building for the student with most improved attendance,
and breakfast/lunch with the principal, superintendent, school board president, and others.
cost incentive examples may include certificates, extra recess time, homework passes, and
pizza parties. These strategies are primarily used for targeting attendance among secondary
Schools should avoid recognizing “perfect attendance” only and reward punctuality in
general. As any missed class time can impact student academic performance, attendance
intervention of teachers, students, and parents have the greatest impact on direct outcomes
(Fryer, 2011).
intervention is one way to improve the attendance and academic performance of the
include the following: positive comments, positive note home to parents, first-in-line
wall” in the classroom, chance to act as teacher’s assistant, and give pencils, pens, stickers,
This research will focus on the use of incentive-based intervention to improve the
Maintenance (EIM) students for the school year 2018 – 2019. The records of their
attendance will be taken from August 2018 up to January 2018 since the researcher is newly
Moreover, the questions on the causes of absenteeism will be based on the Students
at Risk of Dropping-Out (SARDO) Form 1. The said research will start in August 2018 after
the first quarter of the school year up to January 2019 after the third quarter exam.
The researcher will employ a census sampling procedure. The respondents are the
fifty-nine (59) Grade 12 students from the Technical and Vocational Livelihood Track
specifically in the Industrial Arts strand which is specialized in Electrical Installation and
Maintenance of Diplahan National High School. Table 1 shows the number of respondents
No. of Respondents
Section
Before After
Grade 12
EIM 59 59
and academic performance results before and after the intervention, and the
Moreover, the conduct of this study will be influenced by the three major
sources of the school, namely: (1) beginning of the school year (BOSY) report of the
School Form 2; (2) attendance status of the Grade 12 EIM students; and (3) the
Gathering the data in this research is subdivided into three parts namely: (1)
the pre – conduct; (2) the actual conduct; and (3) the analysis. To show the data
START Attendance
Status
Factors that Academic Performance
cause (Before the (Before the Intervention)
absenteeism
Intervention)
(After the
Intervention)
This research will adopt the use of survey research design. The Grade 12
EIM students will constitute intervention before and after being conducted since the
10
performance.
The survey research design is usually used in securing opinions and trends
The researcher will ask permission to the school principal III to conduct a
study.
The respondents will also be informed that the results of the survey questionnaire,
This research will use the survey questionnaire from the Guidance
Counselor’s SARDO Form 1. The survey questions deal with various situations,
Moreover, the attendance will be taken from the School Form 2 before and
low-cost, low risk, and easily implementable solution for schools and districts that
a. Validity
will be validated using content validity by three experts whom two (2) are Master
Teachers from the Senior High School Department while one (1) is Master Teacher
familiar with the construct being measured. The experts are asked to provide
feedback on how well each question measures the variable or construct under study.
11
The experts make judgments about the degree to which the items or statements
b. Reliability
interval or ratio scale. The reliability estimate is based on a single form of the test
consistency is called Cronbach's alpha. This can be computed using manual and
electronic computations such as the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
(SPSS). Cronbach alpha can range from 0 (poor reliability) to 1 (perfect reliability).
The data gathered will be analyzed using the following statistical tools:
1. Frequency and Mean. These will be used to get the factors that cause
3. Mean. This will be used to get the academic performance of the Grade 12
Intervention and the academic performance among the Grade 12 EIM students.
intervention.
come and
in addressing the
Researcher BERF November 2018
problems on School Fund
to
Attendance.
March 2019
IV. Conduct an
action research
Researcher April 2019
similar intervention
to address a
specific problem.
14
A detailed breakdown of items with their corresponding costs is furnished. The items
and costs reasonably reflect the funding needs of the action research and adhere to the
BERF guidelines. The overall plan reflects the proponent's capacity to project-specific
expenses that the researcher be accountable for. Table 3 of the cost estimates are shown
below.
UNIT TOTAL
PARTICULARS QUANTITY UNIT
PRICE COST
Supplies and Materials Expenses
PAPER, BOND, PG, 70gsm (-5%), size: 210mm x 105. 21
297mm 2 ream 00 0.00
13. 13
MARKER, PERMANENT, bullet type, blue 10 piece 00 0.00
PAPER, PARCHMENT, size: 210 x 297mm, multi- 98. 19
purpose 2 pack 00 6.00
13. 78
NOTEBOOK, STENOGRAPHER, spiral, 40 leaves 60 piece 00 0.00
Travel Expenses (Domestic)
200.
Freight (Acquisition of supplies) 00
400.
Freight (Processing of Proposal To Division Office) 00
Communication Expenses
Postage 300.00
Internet Subscription Expenses (Prepaid) 500.00
Mobile 500.00
Printing and Publication Expenses
500.0
Printing (Reproduction) 0
500.0
Binding 0
Representation Expenses
1,000
Foods & Other Expenses Incurred during the conduct of research .00
Miscellaneous Expenses
1,000
Other Expenses related to research .00
TOTAL 7,216.00
15
The researcher aims to disseminate and utilize the research with the full support of
Learning Action Cell (LAC). The LAC session may be maximized by sharing the
result of ongoing and/or completed research. This may serve as input for teachers in
In-Service Training (INSET). The training design may include discussions on research
School Governing Council (SGC). Research results and proposed action can be presented
School Report Card (SRC). Intervention made as a result of action research may be
included in SRC.
16
VIII. References
Adrias, D. (2003). Some Factors Affecting Academic Performance Among the Sophomore
Fryer, R. (2011). The Power and Pitfalls of Education Incentives. The Hamilton at the
Brookings Institute.
National Center on Education Statistics (2009). Every School Day Counts – The Forum
Prieto, N. (2017). Practical Research for Senior High School 2 Quantitative. Lodimar
Publishing, Inc.