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SECTION IV
ASPHALT WORKS
4.1 INTRODUCTION
All clauses of Section IV – Asphalt Works of the Standard Specification remain valid with
exception of the following:
Asphalt cement specified for use in the asphalt mix for wearing course and binder
course to be 40 – 50 penetration grade and for base course 60 – 70 penetration
grade in accordance with the AASHTO M-20.
a. Weather Limitations
b. Joints
General: When laying fresh mixture against the exposed edges of joints
(trimmed or formed as provided above), place it in close contact with the
exposed edge to produce an even, well-compacted joint after rolling.
Longitudinal Joints: For all layers of pavement, place each layer so that
longitudinal construction joints are offset [150 to 300 mm] laterally between
successive layers. The Engineer may waive this requirement where offsetting
is not feasible due to the sequence of construction.
IV-2
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
d. Surface Requirements.
When the intermediate layer will be opened to the traffic, the Engineer
reserves the right to require the Contractor to straightedge the layer with a
Standard Travelling Beam Device or rolling straightedge to ensure that no
smoothness deficiency is in excess of [6 mm]. When the intermediate layer is
straightedge, correct all deficiencies in excess of [6 mm] or as directed and
as approved by the Engineer, before placing the next course.
General: Notify the Engineer of the location and time of testing a minimum of
48 hours before beginning testing. Perform acceptance testing for surface
tolerance on all pavement lanes and ramps, and document all deficiencies on
a form approved by the Engineer. Perform all testing with an approved
Asphalt Paving engineer.
IV-3
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
Submit a Traffic Control Plan for the Engineer’s written approval. Include the
cost of this traffic control and testing in the Contract bid prices for the asphalt
items.
The Engineer may elect to use one of the following methods (or any other
method) to check for surface tolerance. The contractor will adhere to the
Engineer’s direction to which test method to be used, supply all equipment
and labour to facilitate performing the test under the Engineer’s supervision
with no additional cost to the ADM as per the guide lines stated in this
section.
ii. The amplitude of the longitudinal profile of the road, filtered between
(a) 1 meter and 3.3 meters and (b) 3.3 meters and 13 meters hall not
exceed the following values:
1m - 3.3 ≤ 1.8 mm
3.3m - 13 ≤ 3.5 mm
Perform all corrective work at no cost to the ADM. The Contractor may select
one of the following methods, unless overlaying is prohibited:
a) Removing and Replacing: If correction is made by removing and
replacing the pavement, remove the full depth of the course and
IV-4
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
extend at least [15 m] on either side of the defective area for the full
width of the paving lane.
Equip the paving machine with electronic transverse screed controls to obtain
accurate transverse slope of the pavement surface. Measure the cross slope
of pavement surface by placing an approved measuring device perpendicular
to the roadway centre line and calculate the cross slope in percentage to the
nearest 0.01% and round it to the nearest 0.1%.
Measure the cross slope with a minimum frequency of one check every [25
m] during paving operations to ensure that the slopes are uniform and in
compliance with the designed slope. When the difference between the
measured cross slope and the designed cross slope exceeds ±0.2% for
travel lanes including turn lanes and ±0.5% for shoulders, make all
corrections immediately to bring the cross slope into an acceptable range.
The Engineer will periodically verify the Contractor’s measurements at the job
site. Record all the measurements performed by the Contractor on an
approved form and submit to the Engineer for documentation.
The Engineer will randomly take ten measurements of the cross slope per
day for the first two days of construction. If the average cross slope of the ten
random measurements per day varies more than the required tolerance
(0.2% for travel lanes including turn lanes and 0.5 % for shoulders), the
paving operation shall be stopped until appropriate corrective actions are
made to bring the cross slope into an acceptable range. Approval of the
Engineer will be required prior to resuming paving operations. A recheck of
ten random measurements will be made afterward. If the recheck indicates
that the cross slope is still out of control, the deficient section shall be
corrected in accordance with this Section. During production, the Engineer
reserves the right to take ten measurements of cross slope for any paving
day. If the average cross slope of the ten measurements varies more than
the required tolerance, the paving operation will be stopped until appropriate
corrective actions are made to bring the cross slope into acceptable range.
IV-5
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
The measurement of the areas for the items included in Section IV-2 Asphaltic
Concrete (to be measured in square meters) shall be taken net from the top surface
of the asphaltic layer(s) according to the dimensions indicated on the drawings. No
payment shall be made for any additional asphalt laid by the Contractor beyond the
indicated widths.
In addition to what is stated in the Standard Specification the method of payment for
this item will be by cubic meter of compacted base course.
1-1/2" -
1" 100
3/4" 80 -100
1/2" 62 – 84
3/8" 56 – 76
No. 4 40 – 60
No. 8 24 – 29
No. 16 16 – 38
No. 30 11 – 29
No. 50 7 – 21
No. 100 5 -14
No. 200 3–9
Asphalt Cement
3.8 - 4.8
(% by weight of Total Aggregate)
Binder Course
Description
Min Max
Marshall Specimens
(ASTM D-1559) No. of Comp. Blows, each 75
end of Specimen
Stability , KN 13 -
Flow, 0.25mm 8 16
V.M.A % 12 15
IV-6
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
Air Voids, % 3 5
a. General The work shall be include to provide asphalt wearing course according to
standard specification except filler mineral to be used as cement type V in
accordance with AASHTO M-85 (ASTM C-150).
b. Aggregate Gradation. The gradation of the aggregate phase of the asphaltic concrete
mixes shall be in accordance with the following general requirements and shall be
verified by laboratory testing, and approved by the Engineer.
IV-7
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
Sieve Size Type I (Modified) Base Course Type II (Modified) Wearing Course
1” 25.0 92 -5 +5 100.0 -5 +5
¾” 19.0 77 -5 +5 98.0 -5 +5
The grading curves shall have a smooth distorted S-shape without any sharp variations,
long tangents or kinks. The grading curves shall be developed to create optimum
compactibility and density similar to the Fuller maximum density curves with the
necessary adjustments at the coarse and fine ends of the range as required by the above
criteria. Only crushed coarse and fine aggregate shall be used. The Contractor shall
submit details of all grading curves for the Engineer’s review and approval.
c. Design Mix. Following the Engineer’s approval of the grading, the Contractor shall
prepare a mix design using the standard Marshall method. The Contractor shall submit
details of the proposed optimum bitumen content for the Engineer’s approval. In his
selection of the optimum bitumen content the Contractor shall consider the following
parameters.
IV-8
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
The optimum bitumen content shall in laboratory and field trials be within the following
ranges
In order to determine the Refusal Density, the Contractor shall carryout Marshall
compaction tests on a minimum of three specimens per group of samples, each group
compacted under the following range of compaction efforts, 50 blows, 100 blows, 150
blows, 200 blows, 300 blows, 500 blows and 1,000 blows. All phase relations, Marshall
stability, flow and stiffness shall be recoded and plotted prior to submitting the best results
to the Engineer. Based on these results Engineer shall determine the refusal density for
the proposed mix design.
d. Materials For this mix, the standard filler material shall be partially replaced by Ordinary
Portland Cement meeting the requirements of ASTM-C150. At least 3% by weight of
Ordinary Portland Cement shall be used in the partial replacement of the standard filler.
The maximum cement proportion used shall be equal to the volumetric equivalent for the
filler material given in the Standard Specifications as directed by the Engineer. All other
material used in the production of the asphaltic concrete shall comply with the relevant
sections of the Standard Specifications. Standard asphalt cement penetration grade 40-
50 should be used.
e. Laying and Compaction. All asphalt works shall be laid and compacted in accordance
with the Standard Specifications unless otherwise specified herein.
The laying temperature of the asphalt shall be within the range of 140 oC to 150oC, and
batching temperature in excess of 160oC shall not be permitted. Failure to comply with
these requirements shall result in rejection of the material.
The Contractor shall take Troxler density test reading every 50m along the area under
construction or as directed by the Engineer. The Troxler testing shall commence after the
IV-9
أعمال الصيانة والترميمات لمشوهات الطرق الداخلية
واألصول لكامل أحواض شرق جزيــــرة أبوظبـــــــي
وجــزر الريـــــم والســــــــعديات والمـاريــة ويـــاس
VOLUME 3
completion of the initial breakdown rolling using a steel-wheeled roller. The initial
base(zero) Troxler reading shall be taken prior to commencing the compaction with the
pneumatic-tired roller. The pneumatic tired roller shall have contact pressures exceeding
500 kN/m2.
After the completion of each pass of the roller, the Troxler density shall be recorded and
plotted against the number of passes. Based on this data the refusal density for the mix
shall be determined and verified against the design mix. The required compaction for
these mixes shall be 100% Troxler density.
During laying and compaction, the Contractor shall also take the appropriate measures so
as to prevent excessive segregation of the asphalt.
It shall be the contractors responsibility to ensure that all the above requirements for the
laying and compaction of asphaltic concrete are fulfilled.
f. Trial section. At the start of the works, the contractor shall construct a trial section of the
asphalt mixes to be laid. This section may form part of the permanent or detour pavement
of the project. This trial section shall be 50m long and 5m wide and shall be laid and
compacted as per proposed requirements. Details of the location of the proposed trial
section, method statements and mix designs shall be submitted to the Engineer for
approval. Based on the results of the testing and coring for this section, the Engineer
shall approve or reject the mix design and site procedures accordingly.
Any rejected sections shall be removed from the works. Payments for the materials used
in the trial shall be paid under the appropriate Bills of Quantities items.
IV-10