MUHAMMAD RIFQI PRATAMA

2201808724

RIVER SYTEM

The river is one of the aquatic ecosystems that is influenced by many factors, both by natural
activities and human activities in the watershed. The river is a network of grooves on the
surface of the earth that is formed naturally, ranging from small shapes upstream to
downstream. The river system is a combination of several sub-river systems themselves
consisting of sedimentary sources, tributary, combined river flows, river flows, natural dykes,
deltas, estuaries, sediment bars, channels, oxbow lakes, and meander rivers. The river system
starts with limestone mountain particles that are carried by rainwater. Water that falls in an
area in the mountains, there is a seep (infiltration) into the soil, until it reaches a layer of
water impermeable. Then, it becomes groundwater, and part of it becomes surface water.
This groundwater will reappear at the lower surface of the land as a spring, for example in
valleys or foothills and the process of carrying lime in the region better known as erosion.
Water from springs collects and flows to a lower place, but because in mountainous areas
have different topography so that the water that flows follows the meandering flow of the
land. In parts of the river where the flow quickly will erode while the banks of the river
which are slow flow will occur sedimentation. If it continues it will form a meander.
Meanders usually form in downstream rivers, where erosion and deposition occur in
succession. In addition, water also flows in a narrow area known as a tributary. And the
combination of several tributaries is called the combined flow of the river which will go to
the main river. After that, the river flow will gather on the natural embankment.
Embankments formed by river flooding in low-lying areas which have the role of holding
water from flood runoff so that puddles can return to the river. The meandering river
embankment will eventually form an oxbow lake. Oxbow lake is a lake produced when the
meandering river crosses the mainland takes a shortcut and leaves pieces that eventually form
the oxbow lake. Canal or channel is a water channel made by humans for various purposes.
Sedimentation itself is a process of deposition of material transported by water, wind, ice, or
glaciers in a basin. The delta in the mouth of the river is the result and process of deposition
of materials transported by river water, while the sand dunes contained in the desert and on
the shore are the deposition of materials carried by the wind.

Source
Limnologi FPIK UB. 2013. River system. Accessed on 29 july 2020. From
https://limnologifpikub2013.com