Experiment No.

12

Short Transmission Line

To calculate voltage regulation, line loss and efficiency of medium (Nominal ∏) transmission
line model.
INTRODUCTION
The transmission line having its effective length more than 80km but less than 250 km, is
generally referred to as medium transmission line. Due to the line length being considerably
high, admittance Y of the network does play a role in calculating the effective circuit parameters,
unlike case of short transmission lines. For this reason modeling of a medium length
transmission line is done using lumped shunt admittance along with the lumped impedance in
series to the circuit. These lumped parameters of a medium length is doe using lumped shunt
admittance along with the lumped impedance in series to the circuit. The lumped parameters of a
medium length transmission line can be represented suing two different models, namely Nominal
∏ representation and Nominal T representation.
In case of a Nominal ∏ representation, the lumped series impedance is placed at the middle of
the circuit whereas the shut admittance are at the ends. As we can see form the diagram if the∏
network below, the total lumped shunt admittance is divided into 2 equal halves, and each half
with value Y/2 is placed at the both the sending and the receiving end while the entire circuit
impedance u=is between the two .The shape of the circuit so formed resembles that of a symbol
∏, and for this reason it is known as the nominal ∏ representation of a medium transmission
line. It is mainly used for determining the general circuit parameters and performing load flow
analysis.
VS=VR +Im(R+jXL)
Im=IR (cosфR – j sinфR) + jVR Y/2
IS=Im+jVSY/2

PHASOR
 INSTRUMENTS AND COMPONENTS
 Power supply module
 Medium-∏ transmission line module
 Power meter module (watt ,Var ,VA)
 Connection leads
 Volt meter module
 Ampere meter module
 Load module

PROCEDURE
 Connect the variable power supply thorough the connecting leads with the voltmeter
E1 and power meter W1 as shown in figure given below.
 Now connect the Nominal ∏ model with the output of the power meter W1.
 Place an Ammeter in the series of Nominal ∏ model and power meter W2.
 Connect the output of the power meter W2 in parallel with voltmeter E2 and load as
shown in the figure below.
 Now calculate the W1, W2, E1, E2 and IR on different loads.
 Calculate the percentage regulation, line losses, and efficiency.

OBSERVATION AND CALCULATIONS:

Nominal ∏
AC source E1 W1 W1 E1 Load
Model

POWER FACTOR
DATA TABLE

Results:
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