ESTIMATING LABOR UNIT DATA
FOR CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION
M uch has been said about concrete and its wide
range of usage in the construction field, but all too
little has been said of the cost of labor for the installa-
tion of this important material. It is absurd simply to say
that a unit or block of work is worth so many dollars be-
cause it cost your company a certain price for the same
type of work on a previous project of the same nature.
To the limited field of literature on the subject of la-
bor units for the placement of concrete, a comprehen-
sive new book has been added: “Estimator’s General
Construction Manhour Manual,” compiled by John S.
Page, and published by the Gulf Publishing Company of
Houston, Texas. It covers, among other things, the place-
ment of concrete in various forms and under va ri o u s
conditions. This comprehensive information provides
an authoritative source of data on labor units in man-
hours that will prove valuable to the general construc-
tion contractor, as well as architectural, engineering and
plant personnel concerned with construction labor cost.
As an estimating tool there are two features which par-
ticularly contribute to this book: (1) It covers practically
every type of concrete construction that will be encoun-
tered on residential, commercial and industrial build-
ing including forms, reinforcing steel, and concrete
placement. (2) Each table of manhour units contains ad-
equate explanations of the specific operations covered.
By special permission of the publishers, Concrete
Construction is privileged to present a portion of the
manhour unit data relating to its field.
PRODUCTIVITY FACTORS
To intelligently use the manhour unit data presented
in these tables, the user must give consideration to sev-
eral factors that tend to affect the productive efficiency
of his crews as compared to the productive efficiency of
the crews upon whose efforts the table units are based.
To assist the user in making these adjustments, the au-
thor reports that the tables are based upon a productiv-
ity efficiency rate of 70 percent, which he considers av-
erage. As a guide to the basis he used in arriving at this
percentage, he classifies productivity efficiency into five
ranges as follows:
1. Very Low 10- 40%
2. Low 41- 60%
3. Average 61- 80%
4. Very Good 81- 90%
5. Excellent 91-100%
Before an overall productivity efficiency is obtained,
the estimator must first arrive at estimates of six impor-
tant production elements that will affect the efficiency of
the crews The six classifications of production elements
are: general economy, project supervision, labor rela-
tions, job conditions, equipment conditions and weath-
er conditions.
Using the scale indicated by the five numbered ranges
above, the estimator evaluates each of the six factors in
percentages and obtains the average of these six per-
centages in order to determine the overall productivity
efficiency of his crews on the particular project under
consideration.
As an example let us assume that the estimator rates
these six production elements as follows:
1. General Economy 75%
2. Project Supervision 70%
3. Labor Relations 65%
4. Job Conditions 60%
5. Equipment 70%
6. Weather 50%
Total 390%
Since there are six elements involved, we must now di-
vide the total percentage by the number of elements to
arrive at an average percentage of productivity: 390 per-
cent 6 = 65 percent average productivity efficiency.
As previously mentioned, the manhour tables are
based on an average productivity efficiency of 70 per-
cent; thus these units would have to be increased 5 per-
cent above the tabulated values in order to be applicable
to the project under consideration.
EVALUATING THE DATA
Instead of increasing each of the manhour units by 5
percent and then multiplying by the hourly composite
rate of the crew, it is much simpler to increase the hourly
composite pay rate of the crew by 5 percent (that is, mul-
tiply it by 1.05) in order to obtain the adjusted rate, and
then to apply this figure directly to the various manhour
units which appear in the tables for a given operation.
For example, let us assume that our considered pro-
ject has a certain amount of formwork and that we will
need four (4), eight-man crews and that only one gener-
al foreman will be needed to head the four crews:
General Carpenter Foreman $3.94 per hour
Carpenter Foreman $3.69 per hour
Journeyman Carpenter $3.44 per hour
Laborer $1.95 per hour
Truck Driver $2.03 per hour
Note: General foreman and foreman are dead weight
since they do not work with their tools; however they
must be considered and charged to the composite
crews.
 CREW FOR COMPOSITE RATE: WHAT THE TABLES COVER
One General Foreman 2 hours @ $3.94—$ 7.88 The author of these manhour tables points out specif-
ically what has been taken into account in determining
One Foreman 8 hours @ $3.69—$ 29.52
these values. The user should study the notes that ac-
Five Carpenters 8 hours @ $3.44—$137.60 company each table. Also, it is to be especially noted that
Two Laborers 8 hours @ $1.95—$ 31.20 the tables presented include allowances for labor in-
volved for handling, hauling and installing where ap-
One Truck Driver 4 hours @ $2.03—$ 8.12
plicable, but do not cover the cost of the materials and
Total for 60 hours $214.32 equipment itself; nor do they include any allowance for
$214.32 60 = $3.572 composite manhour rate overhead cost or profit.
For the project under consideration, with the produc-
tivity efficiency rated at 65 percent, the manhour rate
would be evaluated by multiplying $3.572 by 1.05, which
equals $3.75: composite rate for 65 percent productivity.
Simply by multiplying the number of manhours esti-
mated for a given block or item of work by the arrived at
composite rate, a total estimated direct labor cost, in The labor unit tables on this and the following pages
dollar value, can easily and accurately be obtained, are reprinted from “Estimator’s General Construction
whether it be now or ten years from now and for any ge- Manhour Tables” copyrighted 1961 by Gulf Publishg
ographical location in the world. Company, Box 2608, Houston 1, Texas.

Footing & Heavy Mat Forms Manhours

MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Footing form manhours are based on Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total
using 2-inch by 12-inch material prop- Driver
erly braced and anchored. If footing
height is to be greater than one foot, add Continuous Wall Type
twenty-five percent to manhours for Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
each additional foot or fraction. Erect .026 .008 .001 .035
Assume heavy mat forms to be made Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
of 2-inch material at least 3 feet high. If Total .064 .031 .002 .097
mats are to be greater than 3 feet in
height, add 10 percent for each addi- Spread Type
tional foot or fraction. Fabricate .038 .008 – .046
Manhours in all of these tables are for Erect .029 .015 .001 .045
initial set-up of one use. If forms are to Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
be re-used, eliminate manhours for fab- Total .075 .038 .002 .115
rication and apply Re-Use Factor man-
hours on page 5. Heavy Mat or Pile Cap
Manhours in these tables do not ever Fabricate .035 .010 – .045
include the placement or setting of an- Erect .054 .022 .001 .077
chor bolts or miscellaneous embedded Strip & clean .008 .023 .001 .032
steel items. See respective tables for Total .097 .055 .002 .154
these charges.
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Foundation, Tilt-Up Walls& Driver
Grade Beams
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Grade Beams
Manhours are based on the use of ply- Fabricate .023 .008 – .031
form material with studs and whalers of Erect .036 .011 .001 .048
2-inch material properly placed and the Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
necessary holes drilled for form ties Total .067 .034 .002 .103
where required.
Grade beam form manhours are for Foundation or Basement Walls
side forms only, with the assumption Fabricate .038 .007 – .040
that ground will form the bottom of Erect .042 .011 .001 .054
beam. Strip & clean .007 .015 .001 .023
Tilt-up wall forms are based on being Total .082 .033 .002 .117
fabricated and placed on level accessi-
ble location. Tilt-Up Walls
Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
Erect .026 .008 .001 .035
Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
Total .064 .031 .002 .097

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Wood Pier Forms
Using 2”X4” Lumber Clamps
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
Manhours are for the use of plywood
Erect .026 .008 .001 .035
fabricated forms with 2-inch by 4-inch
Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
wood clamps or metal clamps as the
Total .064 .031 .002 .097
case may be and include all necessary
bracing and anchoring.
Using Metal Clamps
Fabricate .038 .008 – .046
Erect .029 .015 .001 .045
Strip & clean .008 .015 .001 .024
Total .075 038 .002 .115

Manhours

Metal Wall Forms for Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Continuous Foundations Driver
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Foundation Walls to 8' High
Manhours are based on the installation Erect & brace .053 .021 .002 .076
of prefabricated metal panel forms with Strip & clean .011 .023 .002 .036
the necessary whalers, bracing and an- Total .064 .044 .004 .112
chors made of 2-inch materials.
Re-use Factor for re-oiling of forms Foundation Walls 8' to 12' High
should be applied for each re-use of
forms. Erect & brace .051 .020 .002 .073
Strip & clean .010 .022 .002 .034
Total .061 .042 .004 .107
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Fiber Tube Pier Forms Driver
MANHOURS PER LINEAR FOOT 12" Round
Manhour units cover the complete in- Fabricate & erect .050 .008 .001 .059
stallation of fiber tubing as listed, in- Strip .008 .008 .001 .017
cluding the fabrication and installation Total .058 .016 .002 .076
of necessary 1- and 2-inch planking for
bracing and anchoring and the stripping 24" Round
of all items after initial concrete set. Fabricate & Erect .052 .008 .001 .061
Strip .008 .008 .001 .017
Total .060 .016 .002 .078

30" Round
Fabricate & Erect .054 .008 .001 .063
Strip .008 .008 .001 .017
Total .062 .016 .002 .080

30" Round
Fabricate & Erect .056 .008 .001 .065
Strip .008 .008 .001 .017
Total .064 .016 .002 .082

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Metal Wall Forms for Walls Ground to 8' High
Continuous Above Grade Walls Erect & Brace .059 .023 .003 .085
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Strip & clean .012 .031 .003 .046
Manhours are based on the installation Total .071 .054 .006 .131
of prefabricated metal panel forms with
the necessary whalers, bracing and an- Walls 8' to 16' High
chors made of 2-inch materials. Erect & Brace .066 .026 .003 .095
Re-use Factor for re-oiling of forms Strip & clean .014 .035 .003 .052
should be applied for each re-use of Total .080 .061 .006 .147
forms.
Manhours in this and following tables Walls 16' to 20' High
do not include scaffolding allowance. Erect & Brace .078 .031 .003 .112
Strip & clean .017 .041 .003 .061
Total .095 .072 .006 .173
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Continuous Wood Wall Forms Driver
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Walls Ground to 8' High
Manhours are based on the use of ply- Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
wood panels with 2-inch studs and Erect .045 .012 .002 .059
whalers properly placed and the neces- Strip & clean .007 .029 .002 .038
sary drilled holes for form ties as re- Total .082 .049 .004 .135
quired.
If forms are to be re-used, eliminate Walls 8' to 16' High
fabrication manhours and apply Re-use Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
Factor manhours. Erect .051 .013 .002 .066
Strip & clean .009 .033 .002 .044
Total .090 .054 .004 .148

Walls 16' to 20' High

Fabricate .030 .008 – .038
Erect .060 .016 .002 .078
Strip & clean .010 .039 .002 .051
Total .100 .063 .004 .167
Re-Use Factors
Re-use factor manhours are average for
the minor replacement or repair of all Manhours
types of wood forming.
The manhours shown should be sub- Item Carpenter Laborer Total
stituted for the initial fabrication man- Repairs – First Re-use .01 .003 .013
hours for all form work, in accordance Repairs –Second Re-use .02 .004 .024
with its estimated re-uses. Repairs – Third Re-use .03 .006 .036
If major repairs are required for re- Repairs – Subsequent Re-uses .04 .007 .047
use of form work, it should be charged
at initial fabrication cost for that partic- Oiling after each use – .005 .005
ular type of form work.

Manhours

Item Laborer Carpenter Oper. Oiler Total

Engr.
Footings Continuous Wall Type
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD Chute .46 .03 – – .49
Manhours include complete placement Buggies .60 .03 – – .60
and vibration of concrete for the items Crane & bucket .81 – .03 .03 .87
listed. Conveyor & buggy .70 – .03 – .73
Manhours in this and following ta-
bles do not include necessary craft Spread Type Footings
stand-by time, fabrication of special Chute .53 .04 – – .57
ramps or finishing of concrete. Buggies .70 – – – .70
Crane & bucket .88 – .03 .06 .94
Conveyor & buggy .79 – .03 – .82

Heavy Mat or Pile Cap

Chute .35 .05 – – .40
Buggies .75 – – – .75
Crane & Bucket .38 – .06 .06 .50
 Manhours

Item Laborer Carpenter Oper. Oiler Total

Engr.
Grade Beams
Foundation Walls & Chute .55 .04 _ – .59
Grade Beams Buggies .91 – – – .91
Crane & bucket .94 – .03 .03 1.00
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD Conveyor & buggy .91 – .07 – .98
Manhours include necessary set-up,
placement and vibration of concrete. Foundation or Basement Walls
Chute .55 .04 – – .59
Buggies 1.00 – – – 1.00
Crane & bucket .99 – .04 .04 1.07
Conveyor & buggy 1.00 – .07 – 1.07

Manhours

Item Laborer Carpenter Oper. Oiler Total

Piers Engr.
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours include set-up time and the Square Piers
placement and vibration of concrete for Chute .70 .05 _ – .75
square and round piers as described. Buggies .96 – – – .96
Additional allowance has been given Crane & bucket 1.02 – .06 .06 1.14
to the placement of concrete in round Conveyor & buggy .96 – .10 – 1.06
piers due to the fact that additional care
must be taken in this type of formwork. Round Piers
Chute .74 .05 – – .79
Buggies 1.00 – – – 1.00
Crane & bucket 1.07 – .06 .06 1.19
Conveyor & buggy 1.00 – .11 – 1.11

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Walls Ground to 8' High
Hoist & buggies .88 .16 – 1.04
Crane & bucket .62 .07 .07 .76
Crane, bucket & buggies .68 .09 .09 .86
Above Grade Walls Conveyor & buggies .59 .07 – .66
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD Walls 8' to 16' High
Manhours are for the placing and vibra- Hoist & buggies 1.17 .16 – 1.33
tion of concrete for the described walls. Crane & bucket .83 .07 .07 .76
Manhours do not include the fabri- Crane, bucket & buggies .91 .09 .09 1.09
cation, erection or dismantling of hoist
or the finishing of concrete. Walls 16' to 20' High
Hoist & buggies 1.46 .16 – 1.62
Crane & bucket 1.04 .07 .07 1.18
Crane, bucket & buggies 1.14 .09 .09 1.32
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Wood Column Forms
Exterior Columns
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Fabricate .029 .013 – .042
Manhours include all necessary labor
Erect .052 .026 .001 .079
for the actual fabrication, erecting and
Strip & clean .010 .026 .001 .037
stripping of exterior and interior
Total .091 .065 .002 .158
columns as outlined using plywood side
with 1- and 2-inch planking for neces-
Interior Columns
sary clamps, bracing and anchoring.
Fabricate .036 .013 – .049
Erect .065 .033 .001 .099
Strip & clean .010 .026 .001 .037
Total .111 .072 .002 .185

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
12" Round
Fabricate & erect .040 .006 .001 .047
Strip .006 .006 .001 .013
Total .046 .012 .002 .060
Fiber Tube Column Forms
MANHOURS PER LINEAR FOOT 24" Round
Manhours include time limitations for Fabricate & erect .042 .006 .001 .049
the complete fabrication and erection of Strip .006 .006 .001 .013
1- and 2-inch materials for bracing and Total .048 .012 .002 .062
anchoring as well as the erection of all
fiber tubing, bracing and the removal of 30" Round
anchoring and stripping of all compo- Fabricate & erect .046 .006 .001 .053
nents after initial concrete set. Strip .006 .006 .001 .013
Total .052 .012 .002 .066

36" Round
Fabricate & erect .050 .006 .001 .057
Strip .006 .006 .001 .013
Total .056 .012 .002 .070
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Radial & Retaining Radial Walls to 4' High
Wood Wall Forms Fabricate .049 .010 – .059
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Erect .064 .017 .001 .082
Manhours are based on the use of ply- Strip & clean .010 .022 .001 .033
wood panels with 2-inch studs and Total .123 .049 .002 .174
whalers properly placed and the neces-
sary drilled holes for form ties as re- Radial Walls 4' to 12' High
quired. Fabricate .059 .012 – .071
Erect .077 .020 .001 .045
Strip & clean .012 .026 .001 .024
Total .148 .058 .002 .115

Retaining Wall to 10' High

Fabricate .036 .007 – .043
Erect .047 .013 .001 .061
Strip & clean .007 .016 .001 .024
Total .090 .036 .002 .128

Manhours

Columns Item Laborer Oper. Oiler Total

MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD Engr. r
Manhours are for the placing and vibrat- Exterior Square Columns
ing of the listed types of columns. Hoist & buggies 1.43 .14 – 1.57
Additional allowance has been given Crane, bucket & buggies .99 .08 .08 1.15
to the placement of round columns due
to the fact that additional care must be Interior Square Columns
taken in this type of formwork. Hoist & buggies 1.79 .16 – 1.95
Manhours do not include craft stand- Crane, bucket & buggies 1.24 .10 .10 1.44
by time, the fabrication, installation and
dismantling of hoist or the finishing of Round Columns (Interior)
concrete. Hoist & buggies 1.87 .17 – 2.04
Crane, bucket & buggies 1.30 .11 .11 1.52

Column Caps
Hoist & buggies 2.40 .15 – 2.55
Tilt-Up Concrete Panels Crane, bucket & buggies 1.95 .12 .12 2.19
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Manhours include the placement and
vibration of concrete and the finishing,
curing and erection of panels. Manhours
Manhours are based on the placing of
concrete in pre-erected forms on a flat Item Laborer Cement Iron Total
level location easily accessible for both Finisher Worker
placing and erection operations.
Placing concrete manhours are based Pre-Cast Panels 6" Thick
on placing concrete direct from ready Place Concrete .147 – – .147
mix truck into forms. Finish & Cure .002 .015 – .017
Manhours do not include the fabrica- Erect Panels – – .120 .120
tion, erection or stripping of forms.
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Square Beams
Fabricate .038 .011 – .049
Wood Beam & Girder Forms Erect .071 .026 .001 .098
Strip & clean .008 .023 .001 .032
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Total .117 .060 .002 .179
Manhours are based on the use of ply-
wood and 1- and 2-inch planking ma-
Shored Beam & Girder
terials all properly braced and an-
Fabricate .032 .013 – .045
chored.
Erect .088 .035 .001 .124
Sufficient time has been allowed to
Strip & clean .017 .045 .001 .063
cover the outlined operations and nec-
Total .137 .093 .002 .232
essary items of labor operations.
Hung from Steelbeam & Girder
Fabricate .027 .011 – .038
Erect .073 .029 .001 .103
Strip & clean .014 .037 .001 .052
Total .114 .077 .002 .193

Manhours

Item Laborer Carpenter Oper. Oiler Total

Engr.
Radial & Retaining Walls
Radial Walls to 4' High
MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Chute .55 .04 – – .59
Manhours include set-up time and the
Crane & bucket .65 – .07 .07 .79
placement and vibration of concrete for
the items outlined.
Radial Walls 4' to 12' High
Manhours do not include craft stand-
Crane & bucket .85 – .09 .09 1.03
by time, the fabrication of chutes or the
Conveyor .70 – .07 – .77
finishing of concrete.
Retaining Wall to 10' High
Crane & Bucket 1.10 – .10 .10 1.30
Conveyor .90 – .09 – .99

Manhours

Item Laborer Carpenter Oper. Oiler Total

Engr.

Floor Slabs, Beams & Girders Square Beams & Girder

MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD Hoist & buggies 1.88 – .19 – 2.07
Manhours include set-up time and Crane ,bucket & buggies 1.43 – .11 .11 1.65
placement and vibration of concrete as
outlined. Elevated Floor Slabs
Manhours do not include hoist or Hoist & buggies 1.56 – .16 – 1.72
chute fabrication or hoist erection or Crane ,bucket & buggies 1.09 – .10 .10 1.29
finishing of concrete.
Ground Floor Slab
Chute .41 .04 – – .45
Buggies .87 – – – .87
Crane & Bucket 1.10 – .10 .10 1.30
 Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver

Wood Forms for Flat Slab with Wood Shores

Elevated Slabs Make-up & erect .067 .036 .001 .104
Strip & clean .004 .036 .001 .041
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Total .071 .072 .002 .145
Manhours are based on the use of ply-
wood and properly sized timbers as re- Flat Slab with Adjustable Shores
quired for bracing and supporting. Make-up & erect .043 .030 .001 .074
Sufficient time has been allowed to Strip & clean .004 .036 .001 .041
cover the outlined operations and neces- Total .047 .066 .002 .115
sary items of labor operations.
Flat Slab Hung from Steel
Fabricate & erect .041 .009 .001 .051
Strip & clean .005 .020 .001 .026
Total .046 .029 .002 .077

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Metal Floor Pan Forms Metal Pan with Adjustable Shores
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Cut & erect lumber .040 .023 .002 .065
Manhours are based on the installation Erect pans & shores .010 .015 .002 .027
of prefabricated metal pan forms with Strip & clean – .018 .002 .020
the necessary size timber supports. Total .050 .056 .006 .112

Metal Pan with Wood Shores

Cut & erect lumber .050 .040 .002 .092
Erect pans & shores .010 .015 .002 .027
Strip & clean – .018 .002 .020
Total .060 .073 .006 .139

Manhours

Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total

Driver
Square Pads 6" to 18" High Ground Floor
Build in place .14 .03 .01 .18
Equipment Foundations Strip & clean .01 .03 – .04
Simple Layout Total .15 .06 .01 .22
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Manhours are based on the fabrication Square Pads 6" to 18" High Elevated Floors
and installation of 2-inch materials for Build in place .16 .03 .01 .20
Strip & clean .01 .04 – .05
formwork to 18 inches high, and ply-
Total .17 .07 .01 .25
wood sheathing for forms to 4 feet high,
all properly braced and anchored in Square Pads to 4' High Ground Floor
place. Fabricate & erect .17 .04 .01 .22
A simple layout is that of a small Strip & clean .02 .04 – .06
square pad placed either integral with Total .19 .08 .01 .28
floor or over preset dowels left purpose-
ly in preplaced floor for this reason. Square Pads to 4' High Elevated Floors
Fabricate & erect .19 .04 .01 .24
Strip & clean .02 .05 – .07
Total .21 .09 .01 .31
 Equipment Foundations Manhours
Complex Layout
Item Carpenter Laborer Truck Total
Bulky, Offset, Skewed and Angled
Driver
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT
Complex foundation manhours are av- Average All Heights & Sizes
erage for all sizes and shapes and are Fabricate & erect .20 .08 .02 .30
based on the use of 1- and 2-inch plank- Strip & clean .05 .12 – .17
ing, plywood sheathing and minor sheet Total .25 .20 .02 .47
metal cuts and bends.
A complex layout is that of a large and Tank Cradle Forms
bulky foundation with many offsets, Build in place .13 .04 .01 .19
skews and angles, such as a foundation Strip & clean .01 .03 .01 .04
for a turbo-generator. Total .14 .07 .02 .23

Manhours
Item Per Ton Per cwt

Unload, Sort & Pile Rods 1.75 0.0875

Fabricate – Cut and Bend

1/2' round and larger 6.00 0.3000
3/8' round and smaller 11.48 0.5740

Place loose without tieing

3/4" round or larger 7.25 0.3625
Rods & Mesh 5/8" round and smaller 8.78 0.4390
MANHOURS PER UNITS LISTED
The manhours cover necessary time for Place and Tie Rods
the various operations listed. Walls, columns, etc. 16.50 0.8250
Floors 22.10 1.1050

Average All Operations – All sizes

without tieing 18.51 0.9250
With tieing 29.79 1.4900

Item Manhours
per 100 sq ft

Welded Wire Mesh

Cut & Place .80
 Hook Type Size
Manhours Each For Overall Length
Anchor Bolt Installation 0' 8” 1' 0" 1' 6" 2' 0" 2' 6" 3' 0" 3' 6" 4' 0"
MANHOURS EACH
Manhours are based on overall length of 1
⁄4" .15 .15 .20 .20 – – – –
anchor bolt from end to end including 3
hook and are average for all heights. ⁄8" .15 .15 .20 .20 – – – –
1
Manhours are for installation of tem- ⁄2" .15 .15 .25 .28 – – – –
plate and bolt, or bolt and sleeve, as the 5
⁄8" .15 .20 .25 .28 .30 .33 – –
case may be, for the size and length out- 3
⁄4" .18 .20 .28 .30 .35 .38 – –
lined.
7
All bolts 7⁄8 inch and larger are as- ⁄8" – – .40 .43 .45 .48 .50. .53
sumed to be sleeved and those smaller 1" – – .40 .45 .48 .50 .53 .58
than 7⁄8 inch round are assumed to be 1
1 ⁄4" – – .48 .50 .50 .53 .5 .65
without sleeves. 1
Manhours in this and following tables 1 ⁄2" – – .50 .55 .55 .58 .60 .70
3
do not include fabrication of bolts or 1 ⁄4" – – .55 .58 .60 .65 .668 .73
field engineering time spent aligning 2" – – – .65 .68 .70 .75 .78
and checking bolts. 1
2 ⁄4" – – – .70 .73 .75 .78 .80
For sizes not listed, take the next high-
1
est listing. 2 ⁄2" – – – .75 .78 .78 .80 .85

Manhours Each For Overall Length

Size
4' 6” 5' 0" 5' 6" 6' 0" 6' 6" 7' 0" 7' 6" 8' 0"
Hook Type
Anchor Bolt Installation 7
⁄8" .90 .98 1.10 1.15 1.23 1.30 1.35 1.40
MANHOURS EACH
1" .93 1.00 1.15 1.25 1.28 1.38 1.40 1.54
Manhours are based on overall length of
1
anchor bolt from end to end including 1 ⁄4" .95 1.10 1.25 1.28 1.30 1.40 1.45 1.50
hook and are average for all heights. 1
1 ⁄2" .98 1.15 1.28 1.33 1.38 1.43 1.48 1.58
All bolts listed are assumed to be
13⁄4" 1.00 1.25 1.33 1.40 1.43 1.50 1.55 1.60
sleeved.
For sizes not listed in this and follow- 2" 1.10 1.28 1.40 1.45 1.50 1.58 1.60 1.65
ing tables, take the next highest listing. 1
2 ⁄4" 1.15 1.33 1.45 1.48 1.55 1.60 1.63 1.68
1
2 ⁄2" 1.25 1.40 1.48 1.53 1.60 1.63 1.68 1.70

Equipment Foundations Manhours

MANHOURS PER CUBIC YARD
Manhours are for the placement and vi- Item Laborer Oper. Oiler Total
bration of concrete for the items listed. Engr. r
Square pad manhours are based on Square Pads
placing of square pads to 4 feet high ei- Crane & bucket 1.50 .19 .19 1.88
ther integral with floor or over pre-set Crane, bucket & buggies 2.00 .25 .25 1.50
dowels on pre-placed floor.
Offset, skewed or angled manhours Offset, Skewed & Angled
are based on that of placing a large and Crane & bucket 2.44 .38 .38 3.20
bulky foundation with offsets or angles Crane, bucket & buggies 3.25 .50 .50 4.25
or both.
 Manhours
Item
Cement Finisher

Integral Topping
1
Topping Finish ⁄2" by hand .029
1
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT ⁄2" by machine .018
Manhours are for topping finish and in- 1" by hand .068
clude mixing and stand-by time where 1" by machine .022
required.
Manhours do not include the placing
and vibrating of main floors. Separate Topping
1
⁄2" by hand .036
1
⁄2" by machine .018
1" by hand .068

Manhours
Surface Finish
Cement
Finisher Laborer Total
Concrete Finish
MANHOURS PER SQUARE FOOT Carborundum Rub .045 – .045
Manhours are for the types of finish not- Remove Fins or Ties – Point & Patch .030 – .030
ed and include all necessary operations. Machine Trowel & Hand Burnish .015 – .015
In most areas, craft jurisdiction pre-
Hand Steel Trowel .030 – .030
vents laborers from helping cement fin-
ishers. Should this be the case, use total Woodfloat .001 – .001
hours as listed for cement finisher Broom .003 – .003
hours.
Screeding Off .003 .003 .006
Cure & Protect .002 – .002
Grout Column Bases (1") .250 .025 .500

PUBLICATION #C620129
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