READYMADE GARMENT INDUSTRY (MEN’S CASUAL,

FORMALS & KURTA’S & LADIES KURTIES)

[EIRI/EDPR/3693] J.C.: 1780XL

INTRODUCTION

One of the basic needs of civilized mankind is clothes. The garment industry
caters to the need of clothing while textile refers to the production of
intermediate products like fabric and yarn etc which are used to make the final
product i.e. garment.

India is known for its high quality garments for men and most of the garment
manufacturers are in the Small and Medium-large scale industry. Indian sub-
continent is the second largest manufacturer of garments after China being the
global leader in garment production.

Indian men's clothing industry has been developing steadily and rapidly over the
past few years, this has been possible owing to the Indian male becoming more
fashion conscious, and hence there is more consumption which has increased
the international demand of men's garments by the rest of the world. Men’s
shirt, trousers, blazer-suits, sherwanis, wedding-suit, business-suit, sports-suit,
kurti-suits are made in different sizes to cater the need of the customers both in
export and domestic market.The Indian textile industry exhibits rich cultural
heritage of India with wide variety of fabrics, techniques and hues that reflect the
diverse set of people and traditions across the country. One of the oldest
industries in India, it covers an extensive spectrum of segments, from hand
woven/hand-spun, unorganized segment on one end to capital and technology
intensive organized segment on the other. India is the largest producer of Jute in
the world and is the second largest producer of silk and cotton globally.

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This sector offers tremendous employment opportunities for people, especially in
the rural regions. The textile sector in India accounts for 10% of the country’s
manufacturing production, 5% of India’s GDP, and 13% of India’s exports
earnings. Textile and apparel sector is the second largest employment provider in
the country employing nearly 51 million people directly and 68 million people
indirectly in 2015-16.

Efforts are being made to restore glory of cottage based traditional sectors like
handlooms, handicrafts, jute and wool through an integrated approach covering
entire value chain.To provide encouragement to textile manufactures and
farmers of raw materials, the government has been providing incentives like
minimum support price to cotton farmers,upgrading the technology for
handloomweavers and providing centres for tradefacilitation. The emphasis on
the handloombrand, such as through the National HandloomDay and launch of
the ‘India Handloom Brand,’has been pivotal in reviving the sector, makingit
technology driven, and positioning it inmainstream fashion. This is encouraging
theyouth to wear more handloom products, henceincreasing the market reach
for these products.

Manufacturing of formal & casual Shirts and Trousers& women’s kurtis are
under the category of readymade Garment industry. Readymade garment
industry has occupied a unique place in the industrial scenario of our country
by generating substantial export earnings and creating lot of employment. Its
contribution to industrial production, employment and export earnings are very
significant. This industry provides one of the basic necessities of life. The
employment provided by it is a source of livelihood for millions of people. It also
provides maximum employment with minimum capital investment. Since this
industry is highly labour-intensive, it is ideally suited to Indian condition. This
project report is prepared for the manufacture of gent’s shirts, gent’s trousers as
they find wide acceptance in local and international markets. Any person having
the knowledge of cutting and stitching operations can easily set up such
establishments.

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Readymade Garments Industry-A new outlet of Textile Industry

Indian women’s ready-made garment industry making fashionable garments to

cater the need of their customers. salwar-kameez, churidar-kurtis, Patiala-
salwar, pyjama-suit, midi-top, gowns, nighty, leggings, jeans trousers, casual-
shirts, formal-pant and shirts,indian saree blouse,designers wedding blouses are
produced in ready-made garment industries in India.

Textile industry one of the oldest and largest industries in India occupies an
outstanding place in the economy of the country by virtue of its contribution to
the industrial output, employment generation, and foreign exchange earnings. It
generates 20% of the total value of industrial output, accounts for about 5% of
GDP and is the single largest foreign exchange earner, constituting more than
30% of the total exports of thecountry, and provides job for over 13 million
workers.

The textile industry has been a mother industry. It has been the fountain head
of a number of other industries, some totally unrelated. It was so because with
the resources generated by the textile industry and expertise that it provided,
industrialists were able to venture into other lines. Three decades back, the
textile industry engaged itself only in the manufacture of yarns and fabrics such
as spinning, cotton, wool, silk or rayon fabrics into yarn; weaving or knitting
yarn into clothes finishing the fabric by dyeing, bleaching or printing and other
preparatory or finishing operations. Fabrics were considered as the finished
products of the textile industry.

Readymade Garment is a product manufactured by cutting and sewing the

fabrics is relatively a new outlet of textile industry. Thus the present activities of
the textile industry include spinning, weaving and production of clothes and
garment items. Nowadays, readymade garments are considered as the finished
product of the textile industry. Therefore, the Readymade Garments sector forms
an important segment in the broad based textile industry in India.

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History and Development of Readymade Garment Industry

The second half of the 19th century witnessed the emergence of the readymade
garment industry in the world. The department stores, set up in the United
States and Western Europe during the years 1840-80, increased the consumer
accessibility to the readymade garments which helped the initial growth of
readymade garment consumption and production.

The manufacturing facilities set up for army uniforms during world war, were
then converted into readymade garment manufacturing units which resulted in
the second phase of growth of this industry.

The modern readymade garment industry began its rapid climb to prominence
during the 1920s, when factory made clothing gained wider consumer
acceptance and retailers recognised its business potential. The year following
World War II witnessed further growth of mass production and marketing of
garments and imports to the developed markets. In India the Readymade
garment industry has a recent origin. The industry could not acquire any shape
until the Second World War.

In pre independence India, clothing styles were dictated by the dress habits of
then dynasties that ruled different parts of India from time to time. On account
of widespread poverty and destitution, people in general wore simple traditional
dresses and costumes, which required almost no tailoring.

However, during the Second World War several garment production units
emerged, especially in Delhi, to cater to the requirements of the armedforces.
The garment industry at that time was confined mainly to the supply of defence
requirements for standard type of uniforms and the domestic demand continued
to be met through custom- made tailoring.

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However the industry outgrew this stage very quickly. In subsequent years and
soon became responsive to the domestic and export market. Several garment
manufacturing units were set up in metropolitan cities like Delhi, Bombay,
Madras, Calcutta for manufacturing varieties of garments for various segments
of customers. Thus the garment production activity gradually started taking the
shape of an industry in the post independence period. With massive programme
of industrialization introduced through the Five-year Plans, new urban centres
emerged as potential markets.

The garment industry got a sudden boost in 1960’s with the increase in global
demand for Indian garments. The government of India introduced a new export
policy in 1959. As a equal to this, a wide range of incentives were announced to
promote expansion of the exports in garment trade. It facilitated easy import of
machinery and equipment.

In addition, the lucrative premium through import license provided an incentive

to the growth of the industry. The India’s settling in large numbers in the US and
UK during the late 1960s and 1970s who acted as importers of Indian cotton
garments and also the socio-political events of the paired led to a spurt in the
growth of imports of garments from India. The need for mass production led to
proliferations of several small-scale units. The cottage and small scale sector
nature of the garment industry acquired during this period continues to exert its
influence on the growth pattern of the industry.

The speedier export oriented growth the industry gave a fill up to the gradually
growing production for domestic market as well. As attractive export promotion
scheme for garments, the expanding domestic market and entry of a few large
and medium sized units in the organized sector have contributed to further
development of the industry during the 1970s. In 1981 the government again
announced supportive measures to the export oriented units. The import policies
for three years 1985-88 has further facilitated quicker access to imported input
and promoted import substitutions technological up gradation and
modernization. The garment industry is one of the major sectors, which is
expected to benefit from the liberalized policy of capital goods imports.

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 CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
READYMADE GARMENTS INDUSTRY-A NEW OUTLET OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF READYMADE GARMENT INDUSTRY
QUALITY & STANDARD
CONCEPT OF READYMADE GARMENTS
CATEGORIES
SHIRTS & TROUSERS
FOLLOWING PRODUCTS UNDER EACH OF THE UNDER MENTIONED
SUB CATEGORIES:-
FORMALS:
SPORTS:-
WORK CASUALS
ETHNIC
KURTA
DIFFERENT TYPES OF KURTAS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SHIRTS AND TROUSERS SHIRTS
THE FORMAL SHIRT
THE DRESS SHIRT
THE SPORT SHIRT
MEN’S SHIRT – MEASURE YOUR BEST FITTING SHIRT
TROUSERS
8 TYPES OF TROUSERS
MEN’S PANTS – MEASURE YOUR BEST FITTING PANTS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF COLLARS& CUFFS
COLLARS
THE BASIC COLLARS ARE:
SHIRT CUFF STYLES
BARREL CUFFS – GREAT FOR SUMMER& RELAXED OUTFITS
MEASUREMENT TABLES FOR STANDARD SIZES
THE FOLLOWING MEASUREMENTS ARE TAKEN FROM FINISHED SHIRTS:-
MEN’S NORMAL FIT
MEN’S LOOSE FIT
STANDARD MEASUREMENTS OF KURTA FROM ZERO SIZE TO XXL SIZE
PRODUCT & ITS APPLICATION
SHIRT AND TROUSERS
LADIES KURTA
BENCHMARKING PROCEDURE OF APPERALS
BENCHMARKING CAN BE CLASSIFIES INTO TWO CATEGORIES:
IMPORTANCE OF BENCHMARKING
BENCHMARKING CREATES ORGANIZATIONAL VALUE VIA:
BENCHMARKING PROCESS MODEL
THE BENCHMARKING PROCESS IS ORGANIZED INTO FOUR MAJOR PHASES:
TYPES OF BENCHMARKING
THERE ARE TWO PRIMARY TYPES OF BENCHMARKING:
SOP FOR PRODUCT BENCHMARKING
GBB- GOOD, BETTER, BEST PHILOSOPHY
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CHOOSE BRANDS TO BE BENCHMARKED
IDENTIFICATION OF FACTORS FOR PRODUCT BENCHMARKING
(PRIMARY RESEARCH)
JOHN MILLER
OXEMBERG
TURTLE
ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVE BRANDS
COLOR ANALYSIS
PRICE
PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR SHIRT AND TROUSERS
PROCUREMENT OF FABRICS
CUTTING AND STITCHING
WASHING, CHECKING, PRESSING AND PACKING:
MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR SHIRTS AND TRUSERS
MANUFACTURING PROCESS FOR KURTA
RAW MATERIAL
MARKET SURVEY
INITIATIVES TAKEN BY GOVERNMENT OF INDIA ARE:
EVOLUTION OF READYMADE GARMENTS INDUSTRY IN INDIA
EXISTING MARKET PLAYERS
PETER ENGLAND
SUB BRANDS
ADITYA BIRLA
LOUIS PHILIPPE
VAN HEUSEN
ALLEN SOLLY
PEOPLE
APPAREL RETAIL MARKET
APPAREL MARKET SIZE IN INDIA
SEGMENTATION BY USER CATEGORY:
SEGMENTATION BY USE:
SEGMENTATION BY PRICE:
THE KEY PLAYERS IN THE APPAREL RETAIL MARKET ARE:
1. MADURA FASHION AND LIFESTYLE:
2. RAYMOND APPAREL:
3. ARVIND LIFESTYLE BRANDS:
OUTLOOK FOR THE MARKET:
GLOBAL APPAREL & NON APPAREL MANUFACTURING
MARKET VALUE FORECAST
STATUTORY/GOVERNMENT APPROVALS
MACHINERY & EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS
RAW MATERIAL SUPPLIERS
PRODUCT PHOTOGRAPHS
MACHINERY PHOTOGRAPHS
SINGLE NEEDLE LOCK STITCH MACHINE WITH MOTOR
6” POWER DRIVEN CLOTH CUTTING MACHINE
2 NEEDLE OVERLOCK SAFETY STITCHING MACHINE WITH TRIMMER
DOUBLE NEEDLE LOCK STITCH MACHINE
BUTTON HOLE MACHINE
AUTOMATIC BUTTON SEWING MACHINE
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RAW MATERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
FIBRES AND FABRICS
CHARACTERISTICS:
DIUERENT TYPES OF FABRICS
TYPES OF WOVEN FABRIC AND THEIR PROPERTIES
WOVEN FABRIC
TYPES OF WOVEN FABRIC AND THEIR PROPERTIES
PLAIN WEAVE
TWILL
SATIN ANDSATEEN
PILEFABRICS
KNIT FABRICS
TYPES OF KNIT FABRIC AND THEIR PROPERTIES
WEFTKNIT
SINGLEJERSEY
RIB
INTERLOCK
FRENCH TERRY
WARP KNIT
NON-WOVEN FABRICS
FABRIC PROPERTIES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DIFFERENT TYPES OF FABRICS
FABRIC WEAVES PHOTOGRAPHS FOR SHIRT
POPLIN
OXFORD
SATIN
DOBBY
TWILL
HERRINGBONE
HOUNDSTOOTH
ROYAL OXFORD
LINEN
CHAMBRAY
DENIM
PLANT LAYOUT

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APPENDIX – A:

01. PLANT ECONOMICS

02. LAND & BUILDING
03. PLANT AND MACHINERY
04. OTHER FIXED ASSESTS
05. FIXED CAPITAL
06. RAW MATERIAL
07. SALARY AND WAGES
08. UTILITIES AND OVERHEADS
09. TOTAL WORKING CAPITAL
10. TOTAL CAPITAL INVESTMENT
11. COST OF PRODUCTION
12. TURN OVER/ANNUM
13. BREAK EVEN POINT
14. RESOURCES FOR FINANCE
15. INSTALMENT PAYABLE IN 5 YEARS
16. DEPRECIATION CHART FOR 5 YEARS
17. PROFIT ANALYSIS FOR 5 YEARS
18. PROJECTED BALANCE SHEET FOR (5 YEARS)

COST ESTIMATION

Plant Capacity 576 Pcs/Day

Land & Building (300 sq.mt.) Rs. 22 Lac
Plant & Machinery Rs. 10 Lac
Working Capital for 1 Month Rs. 15 Lac
Total Capital Investment Rs. 54 Lac
Rate of Return 210%
Break Even Point 62%

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