BACTERIAL DISEASES

SUBMITTED BY
ANULEKSHMI
NATURAL SCIENCE
TUBERCULOSIS(TB)

 TB is caused by two types of bacteria

mycobacterium tuberculosis and M.bovis
 The bacteria are spread from persons to
persons as aerosolised droplets produced
when the affected persons coughs or sneezes
 The form of TB caused by M.bovis also occurs
in cattle and spread to humans in meat and
milk
Diagnosis

 Diagnosis is by the tuberculin or mantoxu test

 Where a purified protein derivative from the
bacterium is injected in to the skin of the
suspected patients.
 Development of a red ,raised around the
area of injection indicates an infection
treatment

 Treatment is by multidrug antibiotic therapy,

which has to be continued for a long time
until the bacteria are completely eliminated
 Infection can be prevented by vaccination
with BCG(Bacilli Chalmette Guerrin)
DIPHTHERIA

 Diphtheria is a disease of the upper

respiratory tract , caused by the toxin
produced by the bacterium corynebacterium
diphtheria
pathogenesis

 The bacterium infects its victim when the person

inhales contaminated respiratory droplets from
an infected person and rapidly colonies the
upper regions of the respiratory tract
 It produces an exotoxin that inhabits protein
synthesis in the epithelial cells killing them
 As dead tissues accumulate the toxins mixes
with the mucus secretion ,white blood cells and
the colonies of bacteria forming a thick leathery
greyish black membrane like material blocking
the respiratory tract
treatment
 : vaccination against diphtheria has to be
taken at infancy using the DTP vaccine
pneumonia

 Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the

lower respiratory tract in the bronchial tubes
of the lungs
Mode of infection and treatment

 Infection is acquired when a person inhales

or comes in to contact with aerosolic droplets
droplets from infected peoples
 Treatment is administration of antibiotics
such as penicillin, tetracycline and
chloramphenicol
LEPROSY

 IT is a chronic contact communicable disease

caused by Mycobacterium leprae
 It spread through direct contact with infected
people or their clothing or through
aerosolised respiratory discharges from
infected peoples
THANK YOU