COLLEGE OF NURSING

PNEUMONIA

CHARISSA M. DE LEON
Midterm task 2
BSN IV
CASE ANALYSIS of a ____

I. INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES

Pneumonia has been defined as an infection of the lung parenchyma. Rather than
looking at it as a single disease, health care professionals must remember that
pneumonia is an umbrella term for a group of syndromes caused by a variety of
organisms resulting in varied manifestations and sequelae.
There have been many attempts to classify pneumonia based on the etiology, clinical
setting in which the patent acquired the infection, and the pattern of involvement of
lung parenchyma, among other classifications.

ETIOLOGY
While identifying an etiologic agent for pneumonia is essential for effective treatment
as well as epidemiological record keeping, this is seldom seen in clinical practice.
Widespread reviews have shown that a single cause of pneumonia has often been
identified in less than 10% of patients presenting to the emergencydepartment.
Nonetheless, the most common organisms causing pneumonia can be studied under
the headings mentioned earlier.

II.
General Objectives:
To provide the students a guideline in caring for people with Pneumonia using the
nursing process appropriately and effectively.

Specific Objectives:
At the end of this study, we, the student nurses of this institution, will able to:
1. Define and identify the probable causative factors of Pneumonia.
2. Identify the physiology of the organ involved and progression of disease
3. Identify the proper management of the disease
4. Provide health teaching to the patient and significant others to improve the
patient condition and the prevent complication
III. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
A. Pathophysiology of Pneumonia.

IV. inflammatory response

V. cavity extend to brinchus
VI. abcess become encapsulated
VII. tissue necrotize
VIII. increase prodictoin of sputim
IX. purilent sputum

Aspiration of gastric content

or bacteria enter the lung

B. Narrative Form

C. Diagnostics/Laboratory confirmatory procedures:

I. Medical history and Physical assesment
II. Imaging tests
 D. MANAGEMENT

E. NURSING DIAGNOSIS

X. DISCHARGE PLANNING

XI. RELATED NURSING THEORY

Faye Abdellah’s 21 Nursing Problems Theory

Using this theory, we can make an approach specific to the needs of the patient and in
line with the management of the disease.

• To maintain good hygiene and physical comfort

Maintaining physical comfort is a priority for the patient because there is identified pain
which is severe most of the time.

• To promote optimal activity: minimal exercise, rest, sleep

• To promote safety through prevention of accident, injury, or other trauma and through
prevention of the spread of infection
patient is expected to rest and limit exercise so as to not to get tired easily,

• To facilitate the maintenance of a supply of oxygen to all body cells

When there is an obstruction in an organ, delivery of oxygen is limited/ none which will
cause a number of physical manifestations as observed by the patient mentioned
above. Surgical intervention, as recommended will be able to correct this.

• To facilitate the maintenance of nutrition for all body cells

Patient with pancreatic cancer would most likely have appetite problems induced by
nausea and vomiting and exacerbated by either constipation or diarrhea.

• To facilitate the maintenance of elimination

Bowel obstruction is a common manifestation of pancreatic cancer.
 • To facilitate the maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance
IV Therapy is indicated for the patient because patient may be dehydrated and fluid
volume problems may be present.

• To recognize the physiologic responses of the body to disease conditions—

pathologic, physiologic, and compensatory
Explaining to the patient what the disease is and its necessary management will help
him understand the underlying processes his body goes through and why certain
manifestations like pain is present.

XII. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES/LITERATURE

XIII. REFERENCE
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatic-cancer/diagnosis-
treatment/drc-20355427
https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/risk-factors
https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/pancreatic-cancer/types-treatment
https://nurseslabs.com/cancer-nursing-care-plans/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6250924/