5thedition Headway>> Upper Intermediate Workbook without key Liz &John Soars « Jo McCaul OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS> Contents Language focus a Language focus The tense system -all tenses What's the question? - The truestoryofarealfake 24 Using the correct tense — Hi from Australia Indirect questions 25 Active or passive? Questions with prepositions 26 Tenses in context - Living abroad Negatives 26 Auniliary verbs have, be, or do? ‘no, not, or none? 7 have or have got? Negative auxiliaries and questions - Donttyouknow? 27 Vocabulary Vocabulary ‘Compound nouns - road rage 10 Antonyms and synonyms ~ real, unreal, fake 28 house and home idioms 10 prepositions Phrasal verbs Verb + preposition - agree with 28 Literal and idiomatic meanings 11 pronunciation Pronunciation Intonation in question tags Vowel sounds and spelling - /e/ head, bed. aT alii ee » Exampractice Units 1-4 Language focus Present Perfect Simple or Continuous? 2 Present Perfect Passive 13 Language focus Simple or continuous verb forms 13 Future forms — question tags — wont you? 32 ‘imple or continuous in context - Mt Everest 14 willor going to? 32 have something done 14 Future Continuous or Future Perfect? 33 Vocabulary All futures - What does John say? 34 ‘make or do 15 Conjunctions in future time clauses until, unless 34 Travel and transport 1g Future formsin context - An inspirational teenager 35 Travel idioms - sail through 7 oe 7 Prepositions Vocabulary Prepositions of movement — Joe’ journey acrosstown 16 Common verbs — take, put 36 Commonly confused words — lend, borrow, owe 36 Pronunciation Word stress ~ explore, exploration 7. Cirasal vores) Phrasal verbs - types 2 (separable) and 3 (inseparable) 37 Pronunciation Sounds and spelling - phonemic script 37 Language focus Narrative tenses - Prince Wiliam to the rescue! 18 Irregular past verbs 19 Past Simple or Past Continuous? 19 Language focus Past passives 20 Countable or uncountable? - coins, cash 38 All tenses in context - ts a wonderful life 20 Expressing quantity ~The canteen 39 Vocabulary Compounds with some, any, no, every 40 Film, theatre, and book reviews 21 Quantifiers in context - Hopeful entrepreneurs al Positive and negative adjectives 22 Prepositions Time expressions -lately 22 Prepositions and nouns - on average, n debt 42 Phrasal verbs Prepositions in context - Should've gone to Specsavers! 42 Type 1 (no object) - go off 23. Vocabulary Pronunciation Money advice - set up direct debits 4B Diphthongs - /pev/ /pea/ 23 Pronunciation Words with variable stress ~ refuse, refuse 4a 2 Download all your audio files from headwayonline.combam teh ere ees | Language focus Revision of all modals “4 Positive to negative — must — mustn't /don't have to 45 Present probability ~ must be going on holiday 45 Need - need to go/needn't go 45 Modals and related verbs in context — Ask Lolita 46 Vocabulary Common verbs ~ get a Love and relationships — kiss and make up 4B Phrasal verbs Type 4 verb + adverb + preposition - geton with Pronunciation Consonant clusters - doesn't /‘daznt/ 49 Language focu: Relative clauses — Olympics quiz 50 Relative pronouns - which, whose, etc. 31 Defining or non-defining relative clauses? 51 Punctuation in relative clauses 31 Prepositions in relative clauses 52 Participles as adjectives - bored, boring 52 Participle clauses - people living in flats 52 Relatives and participles in context ~ Hair-raising Hannah 53 Vocabulary People, places, and things 54 Extreme adjectives - absolutely briliant 54 Nouns in groups — a three-mile walk 54 Prepositions ‘Adjective + preposition - angry with 55 Pronunciation Silent consonants ~ write, cme 55 Exam practice Units5-8 > page S6 Expressing habit ‘My family’s bad habits - She will gossip. Past habit - used to and would Used to, get used to, and be used to Expressing habit in context - Girls (and boys) on film Vocabulary Homonyms glasses Homophones ~ bored/board Adjective intensifiers - great big Phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs and nouns — fillin a form Pronunciation Weak and strong forms - /waz/ voz! 58 58 59. 60. 6 62 62 2 63 68 Language focus Language focus Language focus Revision of modals - present to past ‘Modal verbs of probability - may, might, etc. Past probability - active and passive Past modals in context - Buried alive! Vocabulary Expressions with heart, head and hand Body idioms - shoulder responsibility Prepositions Verbs + prepositions - accuse ... of Pronunciation Rhymes and limericks Hypothesizing — wishes and regrets Real and hypothetical past Making excuses with the 3rd conditional 70 n n The 3rd conditional in context - Mary’ disastrous day 72 Revision of all conditionals and words other than if 73 Vocabulary ‘Word pairs - sink or swim 74 Similar words, different meaning - childish, childlike 74 Phrasal verbs Nouns from phrasal verbs - downfall, breakout Pronunciation ‘Ways of pronouncing ea - bread, meat Articles ~ a, the orzero article Articles in context -So much, so young 75 75 76 76 Determiners all, every ... Demonstratives~ this, that ... 7 Revision - Better late than never for Sugar Man 7B ‘Ways of combining nouns - cat food/the cat's food 79 Vocabulary life and time ~ lease of life, take your time 80 Common verbs - be, have 80 Prepositions Revision at Pronunciation Nouns and verbs ~ advice/advise 81 Emphasis in speaking - / do like Annie. 81 Exam practice Units 9-12 > page 82 page 84 Phonetic symbol: page 85 Contents> Course overview Sthedition Headway Welcome to Headway 5th edition. Here’s how the blended syllabus helps you link learning in the classroom with meaningful practice outside. BC atts Allthe language and skills you need to improve your English, with grammar, vocabulary, and skills work in every Unit. Also available as an e-book. Use your Student's Book in class with your teacher. Exclusive practice to match your Student's Book, unit by unit: Use your Workbook for homework or for self-study to give you new input and practice. 4 Course overviewPe eeh tte tes Nate certe kc) em ku toni arrancs ACTIVITIES AUDIO VIDEO WORDLISTS LOOK AGAIN Ree Look again at Student’s Book language you want to review ‘or that you missed in class, do extra Practice activities, and Check your Progress on what you've learned so far. Use the Online Practice at home to extend your learning and get instant feedback on your progress. headwayonline.com Course overview 5© Thetense system © Compound nouns © Active or passive? © house and home idioms © Auxiliary verbs have, be or do * Phrasal verbs - literal and idiomatic Language focus wash The tense system 13. A Where are my jeans? 1 Write a correct verb form, active or passive, using the B They __at the moment. verb in bold, Sometimes more than one is possible. 14 My favourite white shirt went pink. It with my soni red football socks! drive 15. Hewas soaking wet because he the dog. 1 A How did you get here? B We drove. It didnt take long. ive 2 ‘Hi, Teresa. Be outside your house in one minute. . I just into your road. Im 16 Weneedanew TV. We this one ina blue ce for years. 3 mexhausted. I for hours. 17 We __alovely time on the beach Edinburgh to London is along way! until it started to rain. 18 Donitringat 8.00.1___dinner then. take teach 4 It was a really rough game. At half-time, one of the rugby players to 19 Atthe end of May, I for 6 years. 5 These trousers fit perfectly. [___— 20 The children how to make bread them. when one boy dropped his bowl on the teacher's foot. 6 My eight-year-old twins looked very guilty. They ___ some chocolate biscuits 2 Complete the chart with the verbs from 1. from the kitchen cupboard. Active Simple Continuous sell Present 7 My friend. her home-made hi! aoe pies and cakes at the market on Saturdays. Future 8 Ifno one offers to buy the house, it Present Perfect —e Tate 9. I wish Fd bought that leather jacket in last week’s ; sale. I'm sure it will have been sold by now. pune eet Passive Simple Continuous make Present 10 Our sandwiches freshly. Lions daily. Future 11 Have you heard about Lionel? He Present Perfect aoe go. [eee y the time Fm 30, eno - Bae ony ite Future Perfect _| willhave been sold 6 Unit? + Home andaway3 Choose the correct verb form, 1 I study | study | 'm studying hard at the moment because I have my final exams next month. 2 It/ 5 been / had been really cold recently, so T've bought a new winter coat. 3. My daughter's netball team promoted / has been Promoted | is promoted to the first division. 4 [made / was making | ‘m making dinner when the doorbell rang. Using the correct tense We ‘ve been going | ve going / were going on holiday to Italy for the past five years now. We love it! When I was alittle girl, I've spent / spent / spend all my pocket money on sweets. We were taught / taught / have been taught by a lovely teacher when I was in Year 1 Its my boyfriend’ birthday next month. He loves Japanese food, som going! 'll be going/'llto take him out to dinner. 4 Read the conversation between Nicola in Australia and her parents in the UK. Put the verbs in the correct tense. Listen and check, Hi from Australia ‘nin! That's better — it’s seven o'clock in the morning here. D Sorry love, I always * ahead. Your mum 3 just upstairs to get her glasses. She * Jackie! Come on — Nicola * N Its OK, Dad. It's Saturday, sono rush! I'm exhausted! 1 deserve some ‘me time’, and I” for ages! They look so grown up in those holiday photos you *_ (put) on Facebook. N They're fine. Ollie He hopes he * next year. Becky" | want to speak to her, too. D She ®, (get) a bit deat. I | wish I could give you a big hug. N- Me too, Mum, but not fong now before you and Dac » (forget) them last time you visited! us how you are, and my lovely grandchildren ... IN Hi Dad! Wait a moment, I’m just * making (make) myself a cup of tea (forget) that you're 11 hours (go) (be) here in a sec. (not have got) all day. (get) things ready for our annual sales conference next week at work, so I (not speak) to you guys 1D You look tired, love. Don’t work too hard. Anyway — how are the children? (study) for his Year 12 Certificate. (accept) at the University of Melbourne (choose) to play for her school netball team ~ she’s so pleased. How are you and Mum? Where is she? louder. JACKIE, COME ON! IT’S NICOLA! Now, where was 1? We're both fine. We * (go) on holiday last month, but we just _____ stay) at an Airbnb in Brighton to get some sea air. We*______(save up) to come and see you at Christmas. 1*______ (not realize) how expensive flights are. At last! Here's your mum. Jackie, what you (do) all this time? M. I’m sorry, I couldn't find my glasses. Hi, Nicola, sweetheart! You look tired. (be) here. Make sure you don't forget your glasses! You MI™______(not forget) them this time, promise! Now, love, tell (shout) Unit 1 « Home and away 7> Active or passive? 5 Some active sentences can sound unnatural. Rewrite them using the passive. 1 They built our house in the 19th century. 2 Someone’ decorating my flat at the moment. 3. Has someone fixed the printer yet? 4 We had lots of takeaways while they were installing the new kitchen. While the new kitchen, 5. When we went up to our hotel room, we found that someone hadn't cleaned it. 6 They wont recognize her in those dark glasses. She 6 Put the verb in brackets into the correct tense and form, active or passive. 1 The robbers_(catch) as they (drive) away from the bank. 2 The postbox. always (empty) at 12 noon, 3 Her neighbours (give) permission to build a huge extension. 4 We (cycle) down a quiet country Jane when suddenly we (overtake) bya police car. 5. When I woke up this morning, the world looked magical. It (now) all night. 6 When you (arrive) at the airport, you (meet) by one of our holiday representatives. 8 Unit + Home andaway Tenses in context 7 Read about Matt Perry and complete his blog with verbs in the correct tense, active or passive, positive or negative. ‘My name is Matt Perry and m 14 years old My fami (move) to Japan from Denver, Colorado, three years ago, and we 2 ive) Tokyo for the past two years. At first, itwas a real culture shock and|+___(think) never fit in, but now Tokyo feels like home, and I+ (miss) itwhen we move back to Denver next year, Why did we move? My dad’san officerin the US Air Forceand he 5 relocate) abroad many times. In the past, Mum and I stayed in Denver, but we* (not want) to be apart from Dad again, sothis time we all moved.We?____ (be) here for four years by the time we return home next year. That's the longest my dad “ (live) anywhere since he joined the Air Force. Sag “7 What'sitlike in Japan? I)__always_ (think) that Japanese people were quite reserved, but they're really sociable. When, wefirstarived,I"___________oin) a football clubandi"__(make) alot of American, t= English, and Japanese friends. J (learn) the language for three years now and my Japanese friends say 'm pretty good. But + (not ike) writing Japanese because | always (get) confused by the characters, os = foe Whatdo! miss themost? mans = Imiss pizza and ice cream the most, though I think the pizza (get) better here. Anyway, In (Geabieto) eat at my favourite pizza restaurant when we go home next year. BL (J) !alsomiss basketball, which was my favourite sport before Afi wecame toJapan, My mum”. 1 |. (miss) her garden because we" ) (notlive) ina house, buta fourth floor apartment. lexpect when we"™___(be) back in Denwver, we By ____ (miss) somany things about Japan. Iknow 'm only 14, but 've learned an awful lot about. myself from living abroad. 'm going tofeel very grown-up ‘compared to the other kids when I get home.Auxiliary verbs have, be, or do? 9 Complete the sentences with the correct form of have, be, or do, Write A for an auxiliary verb and F fora full verb. Sometimes the auxiliary is negative. 1 [A] They had finished dinner when we arrived. We had pizza for dinner last night. 3 [) t___ been a lovely day. Thank you, 4 (J Talways__a shower in the morning. sO always had a passion for Italian food. 6 L] Camila overslept, so she _catch her train. 7 (J What have you__to your hair? You look awful! 8 () What. your new boyfriend look like? 9) This dress designed by Stella McCartney, 10 ([] Your order being processed at the moment. u (J Ihate the washing-up. I wish we had a dishwasher. nr all my homework on Friday so I could relax over the weekend. have or have got? 10 Complete the conversations with a form of have or have got. ‘Sometimes both forms are possible. 1 A Sylvie, you headache? B Yes, difficulty sleeping at the moment. 8 Here are the answers to some questions about ‘A Oh dear. Why's that? Matt. Complete the questions. B Oh, the usual money worries. you 1 How ? & an aspirin? For three years 2A you any pets? 2 Where ? B No, we you? Denver, Colorado. A Ohyes.I pets all my life. At the moment, 3 Why 7 1a dog, two cats, and a rabbit, His father was relocated there. 3 A Come on! We to hurry. We're late! 4 What 2 B Butl ‘my passport. I cant find it anywhere! He joined a football club. A ie —— it yesterday. 1 alook in your 5 What forthreeyearst fi 28 ; " ee B Phew! itt You were right. It was in my bag all Hse 7 the time! cone * 4 A Timlooking forward to a few days holiday. 1 Because the characters are confusing. so much work for the past couple of months. 1 7 What 7g a break for ages. Pizza and ice cream, B Youre In any holiday left! 8 When 2 : isten anc Next year £ GHB) Listen and compare Listen and check. Unit 1 + Home and away>» Vocabulary Compound nouns 1 Write one word to make three compound nouns. Check the use of hyphens, one word or two words in your dictionary. 1 rage road works sign 2 bound work ‘warming 3 jong guard style 4 ache beat burn 5 test donor pressure 6 mark shelf cover fall ‘melon skiing 8 view sick gull 9 brief suit book 10 | tea, make-up plastic 10 Unit1 + Home and away ul 2 B “4 16 7 19 20 birthday credit business dining coffee bedside bow coat drop shine rise set made sick page line conditioning fare light break dream shake writing bag guard escape place wear club house and home idioms 2 Tick (V) the correct definition for each idiom. Use your dictionary. 1 They get on likea house on fir. a (J They have a very good relationship. b O] They are always arguing. 2. Come in and make yourself at home. a CJ Tidy the house. b [1] Please behave in my house as ifit were your house 3 Andrew Lloyd Webber's new musical brought the house down. a L] The musical was a success. b 1] The musical wasnt a success. 4 The news report really brought home to me the horrors of war. a [J The report talked about the horrors of war. b [J The report made me realize fully the horrors of war. 5 These drinks are on the house. aL] These drinks are very expensive b [1 These drinks are free of charge. 6 This shaky old bridge is actually as safe as houses. a [J Dont worry. The bridge is very safe. b [1 Be careful. The bridge isnt safe at all. 3 Complete the conversations with the idioms from 2 in the correct form. 1 A Lwas so sorry to hear that your cat died. B Thank you. When I saw her empty bowl, it really the fact that Id never see her again. ‘A How did the meeting with Andy's parents go? B It was great We all 3. A Hello! Sorry were so late. The trafic was erible, B Dont worry. Just sit down and Til put the kettle on. 4A Did you read those excellent reviews in the local paper about the school play? B Yes, I did. Apparently it ‘A Tm not going up there. Itlooks abit dangerous! B Oh, come on! It’s and the view from the top is fantastic! 6 A How was that new restaurant you went to? B Well, the food was overpriced, but the manager gave usa bottle of wine because it was my birthday. (GHBD Listen and checkPhrasal verbs Literal and idiomatic meanings 4 Phrasal verbs can have literal and idiomatic ‘meanings. Look at these sentences. Which are literal, and which are idiomatic? Write L or I. 1 [[] The dentist said my tooth was dead. He had to pull it out. 2 [] We had to call off Grandpais birthday party because he was il, 3 (J Sorry we'e late. We were held up in traffic. 4 [J Dont throw the box away. I'm sure I can use it for something. 5 Sometimes phrasal verbs can have both literal and idiomatic meanings. Complete each pair of sentences with the same phrasal verb in the correct form. Write L or I takeoff pickup sortout put up stand up hold on 1 [) I'm coming to London for an interview next week — can you me for the night? (| your hand if you know the answer. 2 O tre my kitchen drawers, so now Tknow where everything is. We've got quite a problem here, but I'm sure Look, Mum! My tooth’s fallen (literal) Pronunciation Vowel sounds and spelling 1 Each of these words in phonetics has a different English vowel sound, Listen and write the words. 1 /tekst/ 7 Ibeen! 2 /mglif/ 8 /boks/ 3 /klisn/ 9 Iwork! 4 mandy 10. Awstki 5 ituk/ 11 /staxt/ 6 Injures 12 /'made/ 2 Complete the chart with the words in the box. There are wecan it three words for each vowel sound. 3 [7] When I was at school, we always freak lose message said ‘atch ‘when the teacher came in the room. fend pretty journey guilty language [C1 You shouldn't let your sister tell you what Se ee enae to do all the time. You should for a wee ceed at : a sorry what chalk believe funny yourself warm taught — third business party 4 [] Itstoo warm to be wearing a jumper. Why took asleep heart shock peed | don't you it 2 orphan | (11 After a slow start my business has finally el i ‘id inl : freak 5 [] Iwas never taught how to cook. I just it from my mother. ial Teal il Ci Can you please the crisp bag you've just dropped? 6 [] A Come on! We'e going to miss the train! B 1 Tm just locking the door. Ge eae ist ia C1 When you're riding on the back ofa motorbike, you need to tight. (OHB Listen and check. Listen and check. Unit 1 « Home and away uThe ends of the Earth © Present Perfect Simple or Continuous * makeor do «Present Perfect passive ‘© Travel and transport © have something done * Prepositions of movement 2 Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Perfect Language focus ‘Simple or Continuous. Present Perfect Simple or Continuous? 1 I ‘ve been playing (play) tennis all morning, 1 Match the lines to make sentences, seg te eal ted 2 Please drive carefully to work. It a 8 (snow) and the roads are dangerous. 3. How far you. 1 a Hes writen three magazine articles so far ne b Hes beenwriting | atrveblog since eet home (alk) this morning? : 4 Kay and Bruno, (live) 2 a Theyvemissed | youlots so come home soon. in London for the past five years. Recently, They've been missing| the bus again they Gy) 3 @ Paulasbeenleaving | work-early to goto the dentist. buy house in the country, but they b Paula's left work early all this week. puuminennuaiememeenen (YF 14a Welost weight recently ee | __b tvebeen losing my carkeys. 5 Jill and Andy ________(argue) a EMA Ss cresteon a ye Jot recently because jis always working late. BG) 5 ® Shesbeentaking | onthe phone forages, fy aah ane Be snestates about ths subject before. ae BA} 6 a Thecat’sbeen going | next door to have ts dinner 71 (cunbathe) all hb Thecatsgone upstairs morning, and my face is bright red! py) 7 2 Heshad ‘a heart attack. 8 Cecilia (cry) all day HCH > Hesbeenhaving _| second thoughts about the jo. because she failed her exam 8 a I'vebeensavingup | to goon holiday next month. 9 The bids! Seccseescesaseseseesasas ene an b I've saved up £500. all morning. 9 a tvebeen swimming, | 20 lengths today Listen and check. ' b tveswum which swhy my hairis wet. 10 a Ivebeen ining | my phone at ast. » Ive found it hard to concentrate recentlyPresent Perfect passive 3 Rewrite the sentences using the passive and omitting the subject. 1 The bin men have already collected the rubbish. The rubbish hasalready been collected : 2 Have the workmen repaired the road yet? 3. The government has just passed some new environmental laws. ‘Some new environmental laws 4 The local council hasn't built any new houses for 10 years. No. 5 Nobody has cleaned the house. The house 4 Rewrite the headlines using the Present Perfect passive. CROWN JEWELS STOLEN! ‘Simple or continuous verb forms 5 Complete the sentences. Use each verb twice, once in a simple and once in a continuous tense, active or passive. rain 1 It wassaining heavity when I left home this morning, 2 It.zained for three days and our road was flooded. perform 3 The Russian Ballet Garden Opera House since November. 4 Anna__sowell in the school play that she gota standing ovation. | at Covent, have 51 dinner with friends tonight. 6 They three children, two boys and a girl. think You look really worried. What about? 81 its about time you had a haircut. ya bang Surfer Saved trom Great White Shark 9 [couldnt sleep because the garden gate in the wind all night, 3 10 Ouch! I just. my head on the cupboard door. Earthquake Kills over 400 in Afghanistan ee ji 11 Could you tidy the kitchen? I aul friends round for coffee. Thieves steal priceless Picasso painting 21 they will arrive at ten o'clock. 5 decorate 13. Ellen's house. at the moment, Super-Earth Discovered 40 Light Years Away so she’ staying with her sister, 14 Their house ina minimalist style. 6 lose Missing Teenager Found Alive 15 Tthink I must my mind. I cant 7 even remember what we did last weekend, 16 Clara is going on her honeymoon next week and she Council Shock - 464 Jobs Axed! her passport! 8 Listen and check. Unit2 + The ends of the Earth B> Simple or continuous in context 6 Look at the photos of Mount Everest. What’ the problem? Read the article and underline the correct form of the verb. The highest rubbish Te veryone knows that Mount Everest isthe highest /mountain in the world, What's less well know is that itis in danger of becoming the mountain with the highest piles of | rubbish on it. Nearly 5,000 people "have climbed. ! have been climbing the 8,848-metre mountain since the New Zealander, Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay frst sealed / were scaling its heights in 1953, But unlike Hillary and Tenzing, these adventure tourists * were dumping / have been dumping, tonnes of used equipment on Everest’ slopes. Buried under snow in the winter, this junk is revealed forall to see in summer, when the snow ‘melts / is melting. The situation was made I was being made worse by the deadly earthquakes of 2015, which killed 9,000 people across Nepal, and caused many climbers to abandon their camps on the mountain, Durga Dutta Dhakal, Department of ‘Tourism official, had looked | had been looking for a way to raise awareness about keeping Everest clean when he ‘came up with the idea of having the rubbish removed by the ‘mountaineers themselves ‘Now climbers and Sherpas ”are asked fare being asked to help remove the rubbish. Sherpas "are paid | are being paid $2 for each kilo of rubbish they pick up, but the tourist climbers *have been asked ! have been asking to bring it down, voluntarily. Over 16 tonnes of rubbish "have been removed | are being removed from the mountain so far, The worst of it is, at Camp Two — 6.4000 m above sea level -so often helicopters Ware used | are being used to help bring it down. The rubbish includes | is including old rope, tent poles, oxygen cylinders, drink cans, and even the remains of a helicopter. Nepal needs to look after the jewel in its crown, and in order to keep this jewel shining, everyone has to help. 14 Unit2 + The ends of the Earth 1 Look at this sentence, ‘Durga had the rubbish removed by the mountaineers. ‘Who removed the rubbish? 2 Lookatthe difference in meaning between these sentences: ve repaired my bicycle. = repaired itmyselt ‘My bicycle has been repaired. = Someone repaired it. (The action s important, nt who did it) ve had my bicycle repaired. =| arranged/paid for someone to repai itfor me. (have + object + past participle) 3. Have something done is used to talk about services that you ask ‘someone else to do. 1m going tohave my haircut. 7 Rewrite the sentences using have something done, 1 Julies new bathroom is being fitted. She's having her new bathroomfitted 2. My sister wants someone to pierce her ears. She wants to 3. Myeeyes are going to be tested. Tm going to 4 Mrand Mrs Turner’ car has been serviced. ‘They 5 Our dishwasher hasn't been repaired yet. We haven't 6 Hilarys Amazon parcel hasn't been delivered yet. She hasn'tVocabulary make or do Travel and transport 3 Tick (V) the words which go with each form of transport. 1 Complete the conversations with the correct form of make car_[ bus | bike | train [plane or do. ferry 1 A How many potatoes should I peel? ‘etinto/outof B Mmm. There are six adults and three kids, Ten will ‘ get onioff 2A Can't you? more of an effort with your take off schoolwork, Hugo? B Well, 'm* my best, Dad! a 3A Why have you bought all that old furniture? tide B Because I'm going to * it up and sell iton a Ebay. I think ls anice profit on it on 4 ATve______abig decision. I'm going to hand in catch my notice at the bank. My job is so boring, : B Really? But, what are you going to” fora el living now? board 5 A OK, young man, I want to? something K clear, You are not going out until you've tidied your a room. B But Mum! The party starts in 15 minutes. 6 A Could you" ‘me a favour and pass the salt? 4 Complete the table below with the nouns in the box. ‘Some can go into more than one column. B Ofcourse. Here you are, platform seat belt helmet harbour carriage traffic lights (QEB Listen and check. life jacket servicestation season ticket trolley tyres track 2 Complete the sentences with these expressions in the hom port one-way street correct form. checkindesk —_trafficjam baggage rack timetable handluggage Customs makeupforsth — makeoffwithsth — makeit deck trafficwarden cabin make of sb do without sb aisle/window seat cycle lane security check could dowith sth _ make sthin time ticket inspector overhead locker 1 You're such a big help to me, I couldn't ar bus bike 2. A What happened to my ham sandwich? B I'mafraid the dog Sorry. Duke just loves ham sandwiches. 3. Abox of chocolates? I know you're trying to forgetting our wedding anniversary, but you'll have to try harder than that, 4 Wow! You've sold over a million books! You've really ay ne Than 5 Tm really hungry. 1 a huge steak and chips right now. 6 Lola behaves really strangely sometimes. I don't know what to 7 Tm late! Pll never the train Listen and check, Unit2 + The ends of the Earth 15Prepositions of movement 5 Read about Joe's journey. Where's he going? ‘Underline the correct preposition. JOE’S JOURNEY PO OSw 0)! 1 ee "Joe's piane landed ‘on /in ime sinto / at Heathrow Airport. He fad exactly two hours to get *out of / over the airport and ‘into / at the centre of London to catch his train *through / to Manchester, He hurried ‘across / through Customs and Passport Control, and then raced ast / towards the tax! sign at the ext. Unfortunately, at that moment, the strap on his rucksack broke and it fell off / against his back and *along / onto the ground, Dirty socks, shirts, and underpants spilled all "towards / over the _ airport floor. Joe was so embarrassed! He stuffed "everything "into / fo his rucksack end, pushing his ‘way "through / into the crowds of people, finaly made it at /to the taxi rank. He jumped “towards / into the nearest taxi, ~_ shouting, “Euston Station, quickly, please!’ The ‘taxi set off at stich a spesd that Joe was thrown ‘forward, hitting his face “over / against the glass paitition. The taxi sped on and finally arrived ‘in / _ into the eity centre and, inevitably, the middle of a “traffic jam It would be quicker to walk 16 Unit2 + The ends of the Earth Joe paid the driver, leapt “across / out ofthe taxi and ran "along / up the pavement, "past / out of ail the brightly-It shop windows, At last, he could see the station opposite, but it was difficult to get onto / across the road because of al the traffic. He reached the station just as his train was about to leave. He jumped against / over the barter, raced along / past the platform, and leapt *onto / at the __ train with seconds to spare, He sighed with relief _ he would be home in time for Christmas.Travel idioms 6 Match the idiom with its definition, idiom Definition 1 sail hrough 2. beginto behave inan 2 beontherighttrack)) unacceptable vay 3 gooffthe als b bein simlar stuation to 4 rocktheboat someone 5 beinthesameboat © dosomething easly 6 gettheshowonthe | & puta planintoaction road be oing in the right direction f dosomething to upset the situation 7 Complete the sentences with one of the idiomatic phrases from 6 in the correct form. 1 Sara sailed through her finals and got As in everything 2. Pamis always complaining she doestit have any ‘money, but were all 3 This business deal is progressing well. Make sure you dont do anything 4 Come on! Let's tobe late! 5 Chris made the wrong friends in his first year at university and completely 6 You've nearly worked out the answer; I think you're definitely or were going Pronunciation Word stress 1 Here are pairs of words in phonetic script. Look at the stress marks. Transcribe them. 1 [ik'splo:ra/—_/eksplo'rerfn/ 2 Mpolatiks/ —,pola'tifni/ 3 Movtagrasf! fa'tngrafal 4 Makfori/——ag'zuarias! 5 /pra'djurs/ Jpra'dakfn/ 6 fdso'pen) ——_fadgepa‘nizal Listen and practise saying them. 2 What is the stress pattern of the words in 1? Write them in the chart. Japan explorer politics Japanese exploration _| photographer 3 Write the words below in the correct place in the chart. Listen and practise them all. Unit2 + The ends of the Earth transform introduce luxury success adoption navigation impress embarrassment disappoint afternoon European ancestor embarrass scientists discovery compensation impression emergency v7The kindness ofstrangers * Narrative tenses * Positive and negative adjectives ime expressions * Phrasal verbs type + Film, theatre, and book reviews Language focus Narrative tenses 1 Complete the article with the verbs in the chart, Use each verb once only. Past Simple | Past Continuous | Past Perfect Simple | Past Perfect Continuous ‘was towered | was having had managed had been bodyboarding hovered wasstruggling | had arrived made wesworking | had risked swept hhad been % was taken hhad happened ile | came through Prince William 4 to the rescue! As well as being a future king, Prince William is also a qualified helicopter pilot. So it was that while he ‘was working as an RAF Sea King pilot, he rescued a teenage girl from drowning off the rocky coast of Wales. He > on duty for only 15 minutes when a call »_____that a young girl + atificutties in the sea. In less than a minute, the Prince and his crew * at the scene and were ready for action. Girls in distress ‘Thirteen-year-old Tamara West *___ when a rip tide = her out to sea. From the beach, Tamara’s older sister, Sharon, saw what © _—____and*____ out to save her. However, in the meantime, a surfer *. to rescue Tamara, and now it was poor Sharon who"_________ against the strong current and the waves, Calm and controlled Prince William calmly *_____ overhead in the ambulance helicopter whilst the paramedic, Master Harry Harrison, to rescue the exhausted girl from sea. The teenager *___ to hospital where she *___q full recovery. The Prince’s superior officers were full of praise for his handling of the rescue, Prince William and his crew their lives to save the life of a young girl 18 Unit3 + The kindness of strangersIrregular past verbs 2 Complete the sentences with the irregular verb in either the Past Simple or the Past Perfect. stick 1 Barbara her tongue out at the teacher, 2 Rachel by Colin for years, when she finally decided it was time to separate. fall 3 Harry in love with a Greek girl ‘while he was working in Athens. 4 He in love before, but this was different. He wanted to marry her, cost Sit fixed. an awful lot to have our car 6 Ted told me his new car a fortune, catch 7 Suzy wondered how she in the middle of her summer holiday. 8 She a taxi outside the restaurant, and went back to her hotel, __acold hold 9 World leaders. talks in New York last week to discuss global warming. 10 Itwas lucky that the manager a planning meeting the day before the presentation. beat 11 The sun down as the soldiers struggled to climb the hill. 12 Stewart was upset because Jordan him in tennis again. Past Simple or Past Continuous? 3 Choose the correct tense. 1 It was snowing / snowed when I got up / was getting up this morning, The children next door made / ‘were making a snowman, s0 I quickly put / was putting on some warm clothes and raced / was racing outside to help them. 2 Our team played / was playing really well. We lost / ‘were losing at half-time, but in the end we won / ‘were winning 3-2. 3 [didn't think / wasnt thinking of having a birthday party, but now I'm glad I had / was having one. 4 Tmso tired. The baby next door was crying / cried all night long and we weren't getting | didn't get any sleep. 5 lived / was living in Eastbourne when I met / ‘was meeting my husband. 6 James was playing / played happily when his big brother hit/ vas hitting him on the head and made / ‘was making him cry. 7 A weird thing happened was happening to me yesterday. I was walking / walked home when 1 noticed / was noticing alight hovering above me. 1 ‘wanted | was wanting to get a photo, but it suddenly vanished | was vanishing into thin air. 8 Roger sunbathed | was sunbathing by the hotel pool when he heard / was hearing a strange sound. An enormous insect appeared / was appearing and landed was landing on his leg. (@EBD Listen and check. Unit 3 + The kindness of strangersPast passives 4 In these sentences the subject is either not important or too obvious to be necessary. Put each sentence into the passive. 1 Someone stole my bike last night. “My bike_was stolen last night 2 Archaeologists discovered a Roman temple underneath the new housing estate. A Roman temple 3. The sports officials held the races indoors because it was raining, ‘The races Donna Jo Wan Reap ee ur 508 Axons oF Fins Guns Mistearecs Sa ane ‘A. From failure to success 4 Someone had booked the swimming pool for a children’s party on Saturday afternoon. The swimming pool 5 The plumber was repairing the dishwasher, so I couldn't leave the house. The dishwasher 6 When we returned to our hotel room, the cleaners still hadn't cleaned it. Our hotel room lose notreceive release show become Surprisingly, when director Frank Capra's a Wonderful Life ‘was first released in 1946 it was not an instant success. The now iconic film 2 any rave reviews at all, and, fen see 6500, 000! However, during the 1970s it__ repeatedly on TV at Christmas ime, and it quickly sone of the most well-loved films of all ime. As a top critic from Time Magazine said, ‘I's a Wonderiul Life isa pretty wonderful movie’ Ci ecco (eeeeieei The chef hadn't cooked the fish for long enough. The fish 8 Workmen'were installing new traffic lights at the crossroads. New traffic lights All tenses in context — a film review 5 Look at the pictures and read the review about one of the greatest films of all time, Ita Wonderful Life. Complete the review with verbs from the boxes in the correct form, active or passive. 20. Unit3 + The kindness of strangers try say save have(x2) begin award Tove touch The story “begins in Heaven. The head of the angels, Gabriel, has urgently summoned Clarence Odbody, a second-class angel who?________to earn his wings, without success, for over 200 years! Gabriel tells Clarence that at this moment lots of prayers *____down on Earth by the people from a town called Bediord Falls. ‘The prayers are for a man called George Bailey. He is ina desperate situation, having lost all his company’s money, and he's about to take his own life. Clarence’s task is to rescue George. However, he not only *@_________ him from drowning, he also ™@______ a brilliant idea. He shows George a world where he ‘was never born. George sees with his own eyes how his life " —— the lives of so many others, and in so many wonderful ways. He really 2 selsetaeeenieee a Wonderful life ‘corge returns to his home to find that the people of Bedford Falls have gathered with their hard-earned money to save his company. He realizes how much hes____ by them all. Back in Heaven, Clarence *____ finally his wingsGUase cover stand repay write give. be {va Wonderful ife “has stood the test of time (itis over 70 years old now) because its sentiments are as relevant today as they ever“ We can identify with its characters because the full range of human emotions" However, this film is essentially about simple human kindness, and how it often © by kindness. Audiences are left wanting to help their fellow man or woman, whatever their faith, colour, or creed At the end of the film, Clarence ¥. George a copy of his favourite book, Tom Sawyer. In it [a “Dear George, remember, no man is a failure who has friends. Thanks for the wings. love, Clarence’ Vocabulary Film, theatre, and book reviews 1 These adjectives are typical of those used in reviews. Which are positive? Which negative? tender tearjerking riveting fast-moving dull witty romantic unpredictable unbelievable exceptional confused powerful second-rate hilarious __pageturner 2 Read the reviews. Are they positive or negative? Complete them with a suitable adjective from 1. book learyone there got through um itis vookio2e ae aa ment The ending Karen Kenny new’ iea real ‘pages ‘the whole Pook es roe was totaly abel : pep av oraeston) Ko rea te ‘again ‘come up trumps AQF vandlwas eft ETO ae Craig McCleish’s, ‘comedy Hippy a tallng-off-the-chair- tain Urorcmaasge | McCleish didn't deliver the goods this | Hime. Iwaecompletety? ~ didn't understand the storyline at | all His characters had no depth and are golng to be disappointed wi tae ippointed with Mateo Garcia's new play is a5 *__as Romeo and Julletand equally as”. was left ‘sobbing at the end, The lave between the ‘twomain characters, Lolita and Lazarus, | eso" it could conquer the world, yet, paradoxically, 0 gentle and ___Garciahascreateda | masterpiece. Hes truly one of the most ™___young playwrights of the 21st century. | | Unit3 + The kindness of strangers 2Positive and negative adjectives 3 Here are some more positive and Time expressions 4 Match the lines and time expressions. Use each expression once only. negative adjectives. Put them into 1 [d] ve been working in the same bank | @ ten years ago. the correct box Which ones could 2 [1] Totarted thisjob b_ by the time I was 30 a 3 [1] Ididsvt want to get married until [met you. cae ee 4 [1] Thad had two children efor-yeors: witty pessimistic 5 [] lbeen writing poetry for years € since six oelock, ae Sart idnit st £ until farrived. whacky sophisticated 6 (Idi stay in that job predictable clichéd 7 [J Ie been waiting here § when he finally arrived. psychological iconic “They didn' f h forlong. beatae ey 8 [J They didnt order the food b 8 absorbing polished 9 ([) The train pulled out of the station i _aminute ago. haunting classic 10 [1] abeen waiting over an hour j until it was too late. | shocking implausible : Uunputdownable intriguing 11 [J Ihavent been feeling well K untillate. 12 () They got on the plane 1 lately. Positive 13 [] Fa never seen him im at the last minute. ‘optimistic 14 [J Iwas watching TV a before. 15 [1] He didrit hear the attacker © before being published. 5 Complete the sentences, using past tenses only and the prompts in brackets. 1 Two years ago, while I (work / Paris / grandfather / die) Tage 2 AssoonasT pessimistic (get / home /I/ switch on the TV) 3 First (have a shower / then /I/ get dressed) 41 (always / want / visit / Australia /and I / finally / go / last year) 5 Ashe (post / letter /he J realize / not put on / stamp) Both 6 Bythe time he iconic 22 Unit3 + The kindness of strangers (finish / speak / most / audience / fall asleep) 7 Once (tell him / truth /1/ feel / much better) 8 Before (buy / my / first / flat /1/ see / 30 / other properties) Listen and check.Phrasal verbs - Type 1 (no object) There ae four types of phrasal verb. Type 1 consists ofa verb + particle. There Is no object. ‘They can be both literal and idiomatic. She stood up and walked out. itera) The bomb went off (idiomatic) ‘OType2and type 3 p37 Type4 pas 6 Match the phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 find out: 2 have amore stable life 2 break up b waita minute 3 hold on stop talking 4 speakup \~d discover 5. set off e be happier 6 stay in f arrive 7 settledown | g talklouder 8 turnup h not go out, be at home 9 cheer up 1 enda relationship 10 shutup begin ajourney 7 Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs from exercise 5 in the correct form. 1 Peter hasn't arrived yet - hope he Si eee aoa 2 We have a long journey tomorrow. What time are we z 3 Why are you so miserable? I wish youd 4 I don't feel like going out tonight. Let’ and order a pizza, shall we? 5 Larry was a bit wild at university; but after he gota job and married, he 6 After three years of going out together, Josh. and Lil eventually because Josh didn't want to get married. 7 Can I copy your homework? The teacher will never 8 !T'm trying to watch this programme, and you'e al talking, 9 ! We can't hear you at the back 10 A Are you ready yet? B HT'lLjust get my coat. (QEB Listen and check. Pronunciation Diphthongs iiphngs ate vowel sch wich un bog hear hia = //+/a! diphthong /1a/ hair shea! = /e! + /a/ diphthong /ea/ the other word? Read both aloud. 1 pay Ipeo! 5 dear 2 write root! — frat / 6 boy 3 phone /faun/ — /fain/ 7 tour 4 round freind! /raund) 8 fair Idral Joaut Jtwal Mtral idea! Moot! ‘tau! Meal (QEB) Listen and circle the correct transcription of each word. What is 2 Read the poem aloud. Write the number next to the correct sound. Sounds and letters dont agree When the English tongue we speak, And the maker of a verse Cannot hyme his *horse with ‘worse? Beard is not the same as *heard, *Cordis different from "word. "Cow is cow, but low is low. "Shoe is never rhymed with "foe. Think of hose and "dose and "lose, Think of *#loose and yet of choose. Why does tbreaknot rhyme with ?weak? [2] Jis/ [i] /ew/ Won't you tell me why its true We say sew, but also “few? Ow Dias Orv Dis One Oisv Oey Orv Oru Dior Oly Daur Ou Dieu Oreos Ore Osh Think of #’comb and *tomb and #bomb, [_]/om/ (]/uzm/ [] /oum/ tomb ‘comb 23Doll and *roll Orv Oe and home and #*some. Ofam CF) /2um/ 4 ‘And since #payis rhymed with say, Eve [Jeu Why not paid with sai, | pray? Crew Dies bomb Think of "blood and **food and *good; [Jiu [Juri (C]ias Mould is not pronounced like could. []/ud/ CJ /auld/ Why is it done, but ¥gone and lone? CJiau) CJiat Civl 's there any reason known? ‘To sum up, it seems to me that sounds and letters don’t agree. ASS est oases Listen and check. Unit3 + The kindness of strangers BQuestion words * Indirect questions * Negative questions with auxiliaries Language focus What's the question? 1 Read the text about Frank Abagnale. Why is his current job surprising? 2 Complete the questions for the answers. 1 A_How_ many_identities has Frank assumed? B Atleast eight, including an airline pilot. 2A was he a conman. 2 B Five years. 3A Steven Spielberg want. film of Frank’ life? B Because Frank’s adventures were so famous. 4a was Frank his parents split up? B16. 5A did the young Frank look 2 B He was tall and handsome and looked old for his age. 6A was his first con? B Bank fraud. 7A airline did he 2 B Pan Am. 8A lifestyle did he have as a pilot? B A glamorous one. He flew all over the world. 9A life did he put at he impersonated a paediatrician? B A baby’s 10 A____was he when the police finally him? B France. A the role of Frank in the movie Catch Me If You Can? B Leonardo DiCaprio. A Frank work now? B The FBI. Listen and check, 24 Unit + Apackoflies A pack of lies © Questions with prepositions © Antonymsand synonyms story of a real fake COTTON On ny most famous UU aU RCLaS ee ene least eight separate identities, including an airline pilot, a lawyer, a professor, and a doctor. He was a brilliant conman who forged $2.5 million worth of cheques across 26 countries over the course of five ‘years. Such was his fame that his adventures have been made into a Steven Spielberg film and a Broadway musical, both called Catch Me If You Can. Amazingly, Abagnale’s career as a conman began when he was just 16. Upset at the divorce of his parents, he ran away to New York and, being tall, handsome, and already going grey, he pretended to be 26 and got a job. His first major con was bank fraud. He created a new identity and set up numerous bank accounts. He printed flawless fake cheques and managed to cash them at the banks. However, Abagnale is most famous for impersonating an airline pilot. He conned Pan Am into giving him a pilot’s uniform, and he faked an ID card, He was still only a teenager when he flew over 1,000,000 miles and ‘visited 26 countries enjoying the glamorous lifestyle of an international pilot at Pan Am’s expense! D=" his life, Frank Abagnale has assumed ats Indirect questions dicaprio hanks 3 Rewrite these questions using indirect forms. 1 How many identities did he have altogether? Tm not sure exactly how many identities he had. 2 How did he learn to forge cheques? catch me_ if you can Ta like to know. 3. Why did his parents divorce? Tve no idea. 4. Who decided to make a musical? I wonder 5. Which countries did he visit? I don't know. 6 How did he have the nerve to impersonate a doctor? can't imagine 7. Why did the police take so long to catch him? Do you know 2 8. How did he get the job with the FBI? wish I knew, 4 Write indirect questions about Frank Abagnale for these answers. 1A Have you any idea B He made millions of dollars. 2A Can you tell me 2 B Catch Me If You Can. 3A wonder Abagnale also had the nerve to impersonate a B He flew for Pan Am. paediatrician in a Georgia hospital and nearly caused 4 AD 7 2 a baby to die through oxygen deprivation. Having the e aoe ee sense to realize he was putting lives at risk, he changed Se ra a teat aint course and became a university professor. He taught 5 A Why do you think he 2 sociology and apparently his classes were very popula: B Because he knows better than anyone how to By now, the police were on his trail, but he always prevent fraud. ‘managed to cover his tracks until eventually he was arrested in France and imprisoned for five years Ttis easy to understand how his amazing impersonations and adventures lent themselves to both a movie, starring Leonardo DiCaprio as Abagnale, and a highly successful Broadway musical. ‘Today, the majority of Abagnale’s work is for the FBI, preventing fraud rather than committing it! He believes that fraud is too easy. ‘Nowadays’, he says, ‘technology breeds crime’ and ‘prevention is the only feasible course of action’ BI Listen and compare. Unit 4 + A pack oflies 5> Questions with prepositions Negatives 5 Complete the questions with the prepositions in the box. of by with to from at about fer on Idon't think you're right 1 What is your home town famous for 2 In English, we usually use don't hink with an affirmative verb: ea - ‘don think know you. NOT Hinktdon'-knowyed: ee : Wedo the same with believe, suppose, and expect. 3. Who does this dictionary belong 2 ‘I donttexpect well meet again. Fn a ‘My fiends didnt believe i do.a bungee jump! sthins! ‘We can also use seem, expect and want withthe negative 5. What did you spend all your money 2 (object) + infinitive: ‘She doesn't seem to be very hapey. 6 What sort of books are you interested [datterpecte gathejon 7 What are you talking : | don't want to go back to that restaurant. Hedoesn't expect us topass the exams, 8 What are you so afraid 2 eee ean, Biante Rewrite the sentences, using the verbs in brackets in the 10 A Tgot these flowers in the post today! negative. B Ooh, they're beautiful! Who are they % 1 Youhaven't met my wife. (think) 6 Write a short question with a preposition in reply to these sentences. par ; ; 2 You haver't got change for a 20-euro note. (suppose) I 3 This machine isnt working. (seem) 1 A went to the cinema last night B Whowith 2 2A I'm very cross with you. ‘This machine. B ? 4. Itwasnit going to rain. (think) 3. A Were going away for the weekend. TH . ? 5 Their daughter's moving to Canada. They aren't happy. 4A Tim very worried. (want) : ; They SA imeay a ace 6 ' ‘m surprised to see you here. (expect) B 2 Two weeks? A month? ee |. eae pe ae Youve seen Rober resent upee B ? ——— You probably dont remember me. (expec 7 A Have you heard? Jane has got engaged. 8 : Pp ly don't remer (expect) B 2 3 ACanyoucu tus ane eee 9 see didn{t pass all her exams. (believe) B 7 Thaventt got ave Bot any SCSSOFS. 10 Twouldn ike snails. (think) Listen and check. I I should've ordered faster food. 26 Unit + Apackofliesno, not, or none? 8 Choose the correct answer. 1 Tilhelp you, but no / not tonight. ‘We have nt / no onions left. Sorry! No / None of us understood the lesson. The teacher was no / n't very clear. Tasked you n't/ not to make a mess, ‘Why did none / rt you do what I asked? How do you manage not / n't to put on any weight? 8 Bring Alessia to the party, but no / not Ben. Hes too loud. 9 There's none / no meat in this dish, so it’s suitable for vegetarians. 10 A Who likes chemistry? B No/ Not me. 11_A Where's the nearest swimming pool? B There are not / none around here. 12 She has none / no idea of how to enjoy herself, 13 Why have rt / not you emailed me for so long? 14 Tan play the piano alittle bit, but not / none properly, 15 A Do you work late? B No/ Not if can help it 16 A Where’ the coffee? B There's none / no left. 17 The management accepts none / no responsibility for items left in the cloakroom. 18 Tve got not / no time for people who are rude 19 None / No of my friends smoke. 20 A Do youlike jazz? B None / Not really. Listen and check. 9 Complete the sentences with a negative auxiliary from the box, wasn't (x2) weren't hasn't don't won't doesn't aren't didn’t haven't hadn't ‘mnot My boss speaks fluent French, but I ‘We wanted to leave the party, but Fred T've been to America, but my parents T thought these biscuits were sugar-free, but they ‘They said she was getting better, but she Til be moving to London, but my girlfriend My husband's going to the wedding, but Jolikes Indian food, but Andrew Bill thought Id forgotten our wedding anniversary, but I 10 The bedroom’ been decorated, but the bathroom LL He said that he was really sorry, but he. 12. We thought that we were doing it correctly, but we Negative questions Didn't you get my text?” 10 Match a question in A with the most suitable line in B. a 8 1 Don't you want me to help you? thought you did 2 Doyouwant me to help you? _Lwillf you want. 3 Aren't youa member of the tennis club? © tim sure ve seen you there 4 Are youa member ofthe tennis club? d ifyouare, we could havea game. 5. Don't you know the answer? fe Yesorno? 6 Doyouknow the answer? £_ tim surprised at you! 7 Don't you thinkits beautiful? 9. Surely you agree with me? 8 Doyouthinkit' too big? htm asking because fm not sure. 9 Didi tell you im going out tonight? 1 Ieantt remember now. 10 Did tell yourm going out tonight? j_Ithought had. Sorry! Listen and check. Unit 4 + A pack of lies 7the correct form. > Vocabula ry 3 Complete these sentences with words from column B in Antonyms and synonyms 1 Tdor’t care what you think! Your opinion is Hi completely. 2. Grace's teacher was very, the children to shut up! 3. The police have a plot to hack into the government computer system. 4 Itsnot entirely. that there’ a planet identical to ours. 5 know Ihave many faults, but isn't one of them, vhen he told all 4. Complete the sentences with words from column C in the correct form TT Helena wasn't telling the truth, She always smiles when she’ lying. 2 Johann is so upset. He paid £4,000 for a Cartier watch, then found out it was a : 31 always Robert with 1 For the words in column A, write their opposites in column B, using prefixes. George ~ they look so similar. 4 Running 5 kilometres may seem toyou, but its a big deal for me! 5 Ursula lives ina ‘world ifshe thinks shes 2 going to find the perfect man. 3 edible jausib aa ti : aoe Prepositions — Verb + preposition 6 legal 5 Many verbs are followed by prepositions. Complete the 2 sentences with the correct preposition, 8 normal 1 Tagree with every word you say 9 professional 2 Tapplied the job, but I didnt get it 10 important 3 Hedied a heart attack Nouns 4 She’ suffering a nasty chest infection. 11 honesty 5 Doyoubelieve magic? 12 reality 6 I didn't realize Maria was married 13 belief George. gers 7 Dont you think Mike’ been acting a very strange way? ee 8 Did you succeed convincing your father 15. understand you were telling the truth? 16 tut 9 Compared ‘you, I'm not very intelligent 17 cover atall! 10 We've complained our teacher 2 In column C, write synonyms for the words in B, using _____ the amount ofhomework we get. the words in the box. 11 Stop laughing. me. It isn’t funny! fake confuse dishonest reveal 12 ve completely fallen _love deceit unbelievable fantasy vanish you. ridiculous bizarre amateur unlikely | 13 Who willyou vote in the next election? eel Se 14 Bollywood sensation Katrina Kaif has appeared thoughtless dia cee aici PPS 28 Unit4 + ApackofliesPronunciation Intonation in question tags =m sure fm right. Can you just confirm that for me? Both patterns are very common in spoken English because they invite other people to ol Write the question tags for the statements. Listen and check. ~ 1 Its really warm again today, isntit? You're angry with me,_? Last night was such a hot night, __? You couldn't help me carry this bag,__? Antonio’ late again, _? 2 3 4 5 6 Its cold for this time of year,__? 7 John didnt fail his driving test again, __? 8 You haver't seen my pen anywhere, __? 9 By the end of the film we were all in tears,___? 10 You wouldn't have change fora £10 note,_? 2 Listen again to 1 and mark whether the tag falls (X4) or rises (7). HY in question tags the intonation either falls x or ties”. Falling intonation means that the sentence is more like a statement Rising intonation means thatthe sentence more lke a eal question fm not sre ifm right about this. Corect me fm wrong, You've. been invited to Janes party, havent you? & inthe conversation, 3 Write a sentence and question tag for these situations, 1 You ask Tom if he could help you with your homework. pani ‘Tom, you couldn’thelp mewith my homework, couldyou 2. You're coming out ofa restaurant where you have just had a really awful meal with a friend. ‘That 3 You can't believe that your sister has borrowed your new coat again, You 4 You need a neighbour to water your plants while you're away. You 5 You think that Vanessa's plane leaves at 11 o'clock, ‘Vanessa, your Now listen to the sentences and mark the intonation pattern, Unit 4 + Apack of lies 2930 Exam practice units 1-4 Reading and Use of English Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. ‘There is an example at the beginning (0). (8 marks) Missing home Starting university can be tough. Its. time of change -it might be your first time 0_B_ from home or you may be moving toa 1__area or country. It could be the frst time that you've had to be responsible for yourself and you may have 2 expectations about how much you're going to enjoy your new life. We hope starting university will be fun and exciting, and we 3__ lots of activities and events to help you 4_in and make new friends. However, we also know that i's very 5__for new students to miss their home life. Research shows that 50-70% of new students suffer 6 this feeling to some extent within their first two or three weeks. This can be quite a personal reaction that not everyone feels comfortable talking about, so there a chance those around you are feeling the 7, ut ust not sharing it with others, Just remember, missing people and places is not a 8__ of weakness. © A out B away C distant D missing 1A separate B diverse C different D unusual 2 A large B high € deep D strong 3 A put B offer perform D show 4 A move B travel C settle D change 5 A common B popular € ordinary D standard 6 Aof B by € from D for 7 A same B similar ike D equal 8 A symbol B symptom C hint D sign Reading and Use of English Part 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap, Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). (8 marks) Cold morning ride ‘This experience must have been twenty or so years ago. | was about seventeen years old, and |0 had just let school and. started a new job 9. ‘a delivery driver. | was given a nice new motorbike, but | didn’t have the proper clothing to. 10___with it. My first job was an early-morning pickup. A customer wanted to 11 ‘a parcel delivered by 9 d¢clock in the middle of Manchester. It was @ mid-winter morning and it was absolutely freezing. | picked up and delivered my parcel 12___ time. ‘The person 13_____ took the parcel from me was a man of about sity. He looked at me and asked me 14. | was allright I said | was, but actually | was shaking with cold and not looking 15. to the ride back. He said,'Come with me, and he took me to acafé 16. the comer where he bought me a huge cooked breakfast and a hot drink He had the same as me, What a lovely man. ll never forget his simple generosity. Exam practice + Units 1-4Reading and Use of English Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example atthe beginning (0). (8 marks) Some emails are bad news "Nearly everyone who logs on to check their emails has come across a message that promises an amazing 0 financial opportunity. From demands from FINANCE government 17___ to notices that you've won a competition you don't OFFICE remember 18___, these communications seem too good to be true. ENTER And they always are. 19_e-mails and online corruption are two of the most common HONEST 20_______which are made by computer users today. The e-mails, which include COMPLAIN sufficient factual information to be 21__ are usually very credible, and can CONVINCE be 22____risky to someone’ finances or credit score, The criminals who target POTENTIAL you are usually attempting to steal money 23___, using bank account details DIRECT that you provide, or even tryinging to steal your identity and purchasing items in your name. It as been reported that the 24___data records of more than PERSON 93 million people have been lost or stolen in the last ten years. Reading and Use of English Part 4 For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. (2 marks each) 25 Children in some areas no longer have to wear uniforms to school AWAY Children in some areas to wear school uniforms. 26 Youre doing too much; you should relax. EASY Why. 2You'e doing too much, 27 If were you, | wouldn't believe everything Tom says, because he often invents things. MAKES Tom often don't believe everything he says. 28 When got home, my sister had already left for work. GONE | didn't see my sister. work, 29. How did they manage to escape from the fire? IDEA Ihave. to escape from the fire, 30 Doyou think you could help me with my college project? MIND wonder: me with my college project? TOTAL Exam practice + Units 1-4 36 3A future perfect? ‘© Future forms ‘ommonly confused words ‘+ Conjunctionsin future time clauses ‘© Phrasal verbs types 2and 3 * Common verbs - take, put * Sounds and spelling Language focus will or going to? 2 Complete the conversations with will or going to Future forms in the correct form, Sometimes there is more than Question tags bonemeaainn 1 Match a sentence in A with a question tag in B. 1 A1_____ make myselfa sandwich, Do you want one? A B B No, thanks. I have 1 You¥e going to workharderfromnowon, | a willwe? something later. : 2 Hilsee younext week, b doesnttit? 2 A Marco and Lia____spend 3. Kate’ leaving soon, € wontit? thelr honeyaec ae : eee B How wonderfull I'm sure they 4 You'lltext when you get there ¢ areyou? tovelt | 5. Ourplane takes off a 4.00 pm, wont? 3 A Bye, Mam.1 meet 66 The painters willhave finished by next week, | f isnt she? ‘Tom and Mel. T be 7 Youarent thinking of resigning, 9 won'tyou? back at about ten clock. ; B OK, but dont be late again or I fe won kets to getin, wont they? 8 Wewonttneed tickets to get h won't they a 9 Itllbe worth iin the end, i willhe? _ ie 4AJo be furious when 10. Max won't be coming, J arenttyou? she finds out ve crashed theca, 11 Get out of my way, k willyou? B She understand if 12. Yim going to make a fool of myself, 1 aren't? you explain that it wasnit your fault, L 5. A T'vejust seen the weather forecast and it Listen and check, _—_ be chilly again. B I think I take a coat then. 6 A Tmtired. I thinkT STARTING TOMORROW, tdbede : T'M GONG TO STOP BI watch the news, PUTTING THINGS OFF. then join you. ‘A My boss has told me | be promoted. B Congratulations! We have to celebrate! 8 A Mr Smith, now you've won the lottery, you bethefifth-richest man in England. How do you feel about that? BI tell younext week. | Tim too shocked at the moment! = Listen and check. 32. Unit + A future perfect?Future Continuous or Future Perfect? 3 Kenny, Luke, and Anna are students at a college in London. Complete their conversation with the words in the box. Hilbe flying Mibeinviting — welllbe taking Hilbeliving —_Illhave earned Wihave passed havewritten lle writing Hihave made Rieter 2? L_ Hi guys. How do you think you've done in the exam? K I don't know. Fingers crossed, because I need an A, to get into university. L_ Me too. Hey, I wonder what 'wellall bedoing 10 years from now. K What, when we're 30? Well, I hope to +___abest-selling novel by then. What about you? L_ Ah, hopefully I'l be a pilot. *____all my flying exams and * 380s all round the world, ‘A. That sounds exciting! It will be. But what about you, Anna? A. Well, hopefully * in New York in a luxury apartment, so you can visit me there! L_ Really? What will you be doing in New York? ‘A. Well, I'm going to be a top lawyer for a leading New York law firm, Easy! K New York? Why live in an overcrowded, polluted city? I'll be living somewhere peaceful and beautiful, and*___ enough money by then to buy a beautiful cottage in the country. My best-selling novel will have been a huge success and”. my second one. A. Oh, that sounds boring to me. 'd go mad living in the country ~ too many cows! Ill be partying with the cool set in rooftop bars overlooking the city. L_ [agree with Anna. The country’s for sheep and cows. But I will visit you Kenny, if you have a ‘champagne book launch in London, K Who says you? : loads of famous friends by then, A Come on, guys, enough about our exciting futures! We have to pass these exams first, or ~___ them again in a year's time! resets (QEB) Listen and check. 4 Complete the sentences about Kenny, Luke, and Anna in 10 years’ time by putting the verb in brackets in either the Future Continuous or the Future Perfect. Kenny 1 He ‘thave bought a cottage in the country. (buy) 2 He on his latest book. (work) 3 He lots of money from writing a bestseller. (make) Luke 4 He his pilot’ exams. (finish) 5 He i | in the UK. (live) 6 He 380s all round the world. wy) ‘Anna 7 She to New York. (move) 8 She lots of money (earn) 9 She in the countryside. (not live) | Unit 5 + A future perfect? 33What does John say? 5 Write what John actually says in these situations. Use a future form. 1 He sees some very dark clouds in the sky. ts in. 2. His sister has just reminded him that it is his grandmother’ birthday soon. ——————] 3. He has decided to study hard for his final exams. ——eEee Conjunctions in future time clauses Notice thatin clauses after /f, when, as soon, until before, after, ‘once, and unless, we normally use a present tense to talk about the future. A future form isnot used. ‘Mlphone you when |artve, NOT when-tikarvive won't marry you unless you give up smoking! NOT unless yout grep To show that the fist action will be completed before the second, we often use the Present Perfect. ‘Mlemail you the report as soon as ve written i. ‘They're going to emigrate to Australia after they've had the baby. 6 Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets in the correct tense. 1 Unless you (eat) something, you (not get) better. 2 We (not move) to Paris until we (find) a flat there to rent. 3 You (love) Adam when you (meet) him, He’ so funny. 4 you (learn) to drive 4 He's made an appointment to see the dentist next Friday. —] 5 He predicts a win for his team, Manchester United, on Saturday. a 6 He’ stuck in a traffic jam. He’ late for his meeting, He rings his office. SS tim sorry, 7 His sister is pregnant. The baby is due next March, Mysister = 8 His plane ticket for next Sunday says: Departure 7.30 a.m. London, Heathrow. \_Myplane 9 He can see himself lying on a beach in Spain next week at this time. This time next week 10 He predicts hot weather there. N[Hthinkit HI Listen and compare. 34° Unit + A future perfect? assoonas you (be) 17? 5 The children (not go) to bed unless they have) a glass of milk. ot (be) at least an hour before I (finish) this report. 7 Ifyou (not do) well in the test, you (have to) do it again? 8 Assoonas we (Be) able to process the information, we (deal) with your request. 9 The doctor says that I (feet) much, better once I_ (have) the operation. 10 Once you. (try) ‘Glowhite’ toothpaste, you_________(never use) anything else!Future forms in context 7 Read the interview with Sasha. Underline the most suitable future form. AN INSPIRATIONAL TEENAGER Ct IecerNir) is eae eed. | Cesar | cee stesearae cratic s Hello, Sasha It's good of you to be interviewed today, as | know you have a busy training schedule, That's OK. 1 take / m taking a couple of days off anyway asit’s my birthday tomorrow. |? / ‘m going to be 18 an adult at last. Only 18 and you've accomplished so much already! You won bronze medal at the European Championships last year, and | know you ibe hoping / Ihave hoped to win gold at ‘the next Olympics. ‘That's my dream. 1*lnever give up / never be giving up until, I've done all can to achieve it. That's what keeps me going through the hours of training. | keep telling myself itll be worth it if win / will win gold. Failure isn't an option, You're very tough on yourself, Sasha, That's a lot of commitment and hard work. You'e still young. Surely you. ‘must spend some time with friends? No, gymnastics is everything to me. ibe training / have been training intensively for six years by the next Olympics, and every minute of practice helps. ‘The World Championships? are being staged / will be staged in Germany next year. How are you preparing? Well, m good at the pommel horse and the parallel bars, so by the time the Championships start," concentrate / I have concentrated on them the most. think the bers willbe / are being my best event. \Will you " be hoping / have hoped fora medal? Yes, 1" will/have. Maybe silver or bronze, You're such a good role model for young people today. Do ‘you have any advice for other young hopefuls? ‘Yes. Never lose sight of your dream. If you work hard, you will have been / willbe successful Thank you, Sasha. Good luck, and happy birthday Listen and check. Correct the mistakes 8 In these conversations, some of the future forms are wrong. Tick the correct sentences, Find the mistakes and correct them. 1 [VA Have you heard? Sue’ going to have a baby. nt (1 B Really? Fm-goingto give her a ring this evening to congratulate her. 2 [J A What do you do this weekend? (1B I don't know yet. Maybe I'll give Paul a ring and see what he’ doing. 3 [A Pilbe honest with you, Matthew. I dontt think you're going to pass this exam. (1B Ohno! What will Ibe doing? 4 7] A Isit true that Rachel will go to the States to work as a nanny? i 1B Yes, and guess what! Iam, too! 5 [J] A Our plane leaves at six oclock on Saturday morning (2B You'll be having to wake me up. I can never get up in the mornings. 6 (1 A Its my birthday tomorrow. 'm going to be 30! (7 B 30! That's ancient! You are getting your pension soon. 7 [1] A My parents wall be arriving soon, and the house looks like a pigsty (1 B Don't worry. Irll only be taking a few ‘minutes to clear up. 8 [1] A Will you be going skiing as usual after Christmas? (1 B Not this year. It’s just too expensive, Well stay at home, = 9 [1] A Pillting you as soon as I'll arrive. (11 B Please do. Well be waiting to hear you've arrived safely 10 [J A Are you going to Samis party on Friday? (2B Yeah, unless I am getting held up at work. Listen and compare, Unit 5 + A future perfect? 35Commonly confused words > Vocabulary oe 2 Complete the sentences using the words in the box in the ‘Common verbs - take, put correct form. More than one form is sometimes possible. 1 Kerry and Daisy are at stage school. Complete their 1 oe ees conversation with the correct form of take or put. a We the rain to stop so that we can play K Hi, Daisy. Are you thinking tennis. of “taking part in that acting b The weather forecast says a lot of rain compatition? Second prize over the next few days. is tickets for Emma Watson's ¢ Tmvery excited. 'm starting my new new film. You're a big fan of job at the bank. hers, aren't you? D She's my heroine. | think she's just brilliant. Ifshe 2° pass spend waste 2 her mind toit, a 1____too much time with my mates and not she can do anything. enough time with my girlfriend, K Aren't you 2___ her on a pedestal? She b Tusually watch movies on a long flight. It helps to ‘was OK in the Harry Potter films, but she's not that the time. great. cl iy time at school. I wish Td tried. D What! She's done so much more than Harry harder and studied more. Potter. She + up modelling and won a People's Choice award for her latest film. 3 see watch lookat X Prey moressive ut suppose, Ha she got a D She certainly has. She *__some time ae off to promote her films, but she went back and b The police satin their car They__every completed her degree at Brown University. es | K OK, sorry - 1 *_____back what | said. Its not ¢ —______ this picture Amy has painted! fair, is it? Some people have all the luck. D Oh, Kerry! ?___it easy on yourself. You've 4 actually atthemoment really been offered a part in Chicago. I's one of the best, aA What a shame James lost the match! musicals ever. | think your acting career is about to : oh B he won, | K te not avery big pan. fm justin the chorus. The kids are playing in the garden D Don't*______ yourself down. ifyou € 1__love that dres. You look great! *____inenough effor, you'll become a star You've got a great singing voice, too, At least 5 lend borrow owe they "____ you on. That's an achievement a I'm paying off my student loan. I stil in itseltt £10,000, which is a big debt. K Youre rane Daisy. Do you realy think | have a a a D Yeah, I do. Our music coach has really © Could you __me £20? I'm broke %2___toyou. She thinks you've got real promise. You'll be famous one day. 6 angry nervous embarrassed K We both willl Come on! Let's *_______ our a Hefelt when he realized that he names down for this competition. coat remember bet ase | D And if one of us wins, they'll have to a Steamy eee eae ___ the other out for # meal. Yee c Were with the government for not K Dealt listening to us. Listen and check, 36 Unit + Afuture perfect?Phrasal verbs -Type 2 and type 3 ‘Type 2 (separable) and type 3 (inseparable) phrasal verbs have an object ‘and aparticle. Type2 The particle can move position. NOTE A particle ahvays comes after pronouns (him, it, me, etc). Take off your coat. Take your coat off Take it off. NOT Takeo Iputon the DVD. |put the DVD on, Iputiton. NOT#putonst Types ‘The partide cannot move. Look after your brother. NOT Look yourbrotherlter Eeokinr after, {1ookinto the problem. NOT Hlooktheproblernte- ttsokitinion Dictionaries indicate the type of phrasal verb by the postion ofthe particle Inthe dictionary entry. put sth on The particles shown aftersth, (Type 2) look into sth The particle is shown before sth. (Type 3) ‘DType4 pas 3 Puta pronoun in the correct place in these sentences. 1 Is that your coat? Put it on =. Its really cold outside. 2 know you've got a lot of problems, but I'm sure you'll get = over them. 3 I need to read that chapter again. I couldn't take alin 4 There’ a problem with my computer. I'll sort out tomorrow, 5 Were having a meeting on the 25th. Put. in your diary. 6 There are clothes all over your bedroom. Please put away 7 Ifyou're going out with your little brother, youd better look after 8 T'm sorry you had a complaint about your room. I'l look into right away. 9) That was a mean thing you said! Take back 1 10 Tliked Ann, but since you told me what she did, you've put me —____ off _____ 11 Lisa left her bag here. I'll text her and tell her I'll take over later. Pronunciation Sounds and spelling 1 en and match the letters underlined in each word with the correct sound. 1 won't walk wonder woman warm word weight want 10 waxk 11 wander 12 women 15 weary (lea) (hal) (Aid 16 weird {lanl} (Tei!) (Trai) 2 In each group of words, three words rhyme. Choose the odd one out. 1 ial done won son 2 Jol would should good blood 3 fu) move — love Prove groove 4 feu! though through throw sew 5 fev weak break ache_ shake 6 fav! flower 7 fax power tower lower worth birth north earth 8 Jei/ hate wait weight height 9 hel feat near pear clear 10 /ea/ share bear —fair. hear (EB Listen and check. Unit S + A future perfect? 7© Expressing quantity Language focus Countable or uncountable? 1 Underline two nouns in each group that are usually uncountable, 1 credit card coin cash money salary bonus 2 job employee boss unemployment ‘raining profession 3 motorway traffic petrol rush hour trafficjam hold-up 4 holiday journey flight luggage accommodation suitcase 5 meal dish food menu dessert rice 6 pop group entertainment musical music opera concert accident 7 arrest violence criminal evidence crime Underline two nouns in each group that are usually countable. 8 luck happiness celebration opportunity fun help 9 ingredient cutlery fruit snack meat food 10 fresh air energy sleep calorie muscle health 38 Unité + Makingit big Makingitbig | * Compounds with some, any, no, every © Money advice ® Prepositions and nouns © Words with variable stress some or any? 2 Complete the sentences with some or any. 1 Why dont you ask your father to lend you money? [havent got 2 people don't have problems learning foreign languages. 3. A Would you like ‘more fizzy mineral water? B Idont want more. 4 My teenage sister never has difficulty learning the words of the latest pop songs. There are hardly she doesn't know by heart. 5 [didnt realize that there was sti coffee left. Tve made ‘more, 6 Idid this exercise without help. much ot many? 3 Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets and much or many, Make any other necessary changes. 1 Tm aot sure how much drink to buy. (cans of cola) mot sure how many cans of cola to buy. 2 Are there many jobs to be done in the garden? (work) 3 Ididn't spend many hours on the homework. (time) 4 Did they do many experiments before they found a cure? (research) 5 I didn't have too much difficulty with this exercise either. (problems) 6 Ive got too many suitcases. I can't carry them all. (luggage) 7 There are too many cars and lorries on the streets of our town. (traffic) 8 They couldn’ give me many details about the delay to our flight. (information)eect =) == gl St es Fa each A crocs ras “Devere sacs The canteen ? ‘quice, (ce jowsovans\ 0 San” | Ol @/. 4 Look at the picture of the students’ canteen. Write ten sentences, using each expression in the box once. several acoupleof afew loadsof notmuch alittle hardlyany no plentyof not many 5 Answer the students’ questions about the canteen using an expression of quantity without a noun. 1A Is there any chocolate cake? B Sorry there's none left. 2. A What about chocolate mousse? B Well, there's alittle. 3. A Can Ihave some milk? B Yes, of course, theres left 4A Have you got any chocolate B Well there are. A Two portions of spaghetti, please. suits? B Sorry, there's left. 6 A Can [have some apple juice? B Sorry, there’s left 7 A Are there any hamburgers? B Yes, there are quite : 8 A Can Ihave a large portion of fruit salad, please? B Sorry, there’ only. left. 9. A Have you run out of bananas? B No, think we've got out the back. 10 A Is thisall the apple juice you've got? B I'mafraid so, but we've got juice. A Never mind, orange juice will do, Pll take those cartons, please. QB Listen and check. orange very little, a little, few 6 Replace the underlined words in the sentences with very 10 little, alittle, few, very few, a few, fewer, or less. 1 There was a lot of wine at the party, but hardly any was drunk, very little 2 mona diet, soll just have three crackers and a. small piece of cheese. 3 Children dontt have as much respect as they used to for their teachers. 4 Lots of people have tried to climb Everest, but not. many have succeeded. 5 Dave can speak fluent Norwegian and some Swedish. 6 Notas many people smoke these days. 7 Notmany people manage to become completely fluent in a language. 8 Its been three of four years since we last saw him 9) There isnt very much I can do to help you. 10 There are lots of reasons why I dont want to expand the business. Here are some of them. Unit 6 + Making itbig 39Compounds with some, any, no, every something, anybody, nowhere, everyone ... 1 Any, anyone, anybody, anywhere, and anything can mean it 2 Everybody, everyone, and everything are singular, doesn’t matter which/who/where/ what rot plural. You can say anything you want. don't care. Everybody knows who didi. Borrow any book you want. Everything makes sense now. Put the picture anywhere. don't mind. Everyone likes John. 7 Complete the sentences with a combination ofthese 8 Match a line in A with a line in B to make sentences words, a 8 = one/ body 1 Hetold them he knew | a anything any la 2 Hedldnttellthem | b nothing where every 3 Think they lve ane naanas iy hae 1 dont care where we go on holiday as long as its ee eee hot eer 2 Does ‘want a cup of tea? 5 Anybody remembered your birthday. 3 Tve looked for my contact lens but 1 6 Nobody Sorry! cant find it f cancook.ttseasy. : 4 A What do you want for dinner, Hary ST eparor Saunas B Ob, —______.Idorft mind! 8 leantfind t h everywhere 5 This sale is fantasti There's 50% off in = the shop. 9 Ithoughtéknow | | somebody atthe party. 6 Its really boring at Auntie Martha’. There’ absolutely 10 Idida’tknow j_ anybody atthe party. todo, to go,and to pley with, 11 Myparentsnever | k everywhere, 7. Tma very sensitive person. understands a 1 anywhere ie 12. Myparentstookme 8 There was__for me to siton the train, so T 13 Janealways gets | m everything she wants ao 14 Jane dirt have 1 anything to wear, 9 Janes getting engaged to she met on holiday: 15 vealready had © something to eat 10. Sue is such a chatterbox; she’ always got 16 Wwehad P nothing to eat. to say, but she never says interesting 11 Our dog will happily go fora walk with You can take him 12 Tommy’sso popular likes him. Listen and check, 40 Unit 6 + Making it bigQuantifiers in context 9 Read about three entrepreneurs. Complete their stories using the words in the boxes. business ideas to a panel of multi-millionaires. The ‘Dragons’ invest if they believe the business is viable. But sometimes they are wrong The Trunki The SwimFin any abit all few many hundred acouple onepiece one of all anything more something nobody The Trunki s a colourful, adaptable piece of hand luggage for children Kevin Moseley is an which ‘of us will have inventor with a sense seen at airports, It is a small suitcase of humour. He came ‘with wheels, which can be used as Up with the idea of designing a shark's fin to help chil a seat for children who are getting float in water! His Invention was rejected by * > tired, and easily pulled the Dragons, who even made *_____of Jaws jokes. by a parent with a small child siting ‘They said *____ would buy such a ‘dangerous’ and ‘on top, The Trunk’ isa great invention ‘silly’ swimming aid and that his SwimFin would never amount and? parents traveling to ___. However, Kevin decided to ignore their by plane with young children would comments and make ___ SwimFins in his garage. disagree. Despite its obvious potential, ‘Two years later, the SwimFin is a» ______ thousand the inventor of the Trunki, Reb Law, pound business and a worldwide success, "_____ the was dismissed from the Den without Dragons hadn't anticipated! +___ financial backing. The Trunki is now + the top- selling baggage items at department Road Refresher stores in the UK. Rob offers +____ new entrepreneurs afew noone none one over several agreat deal of ae ee ‘The Dragons have *____ business acumen between ee them, but occasionally they make " mistakes. » isa better example of not giving up than Natalie Ellis. Her non-spill bowl for travelling pets was subjected to___ sarcastic comments from the Dragons. "___of them saw. « future in the Road Refresher. ‘Thankfully, Natalie wasn't disheartened, and by the end of the year she had made a million pounds from her canine creation. Now, the Road Refresher is exported all over the world, and has a 4.7 star rating on Amazon. It received the ultimate endorsement when Barack Obama bought ™___forhis dog, Bo. Unit 6 + Making it big a1Prepositions Prepositions and nouns 10 Which prepositions go with the words on the right in these two tables? A 8 below] ta [on over [under [again] at [by [during] in [on | fom | v a average viv right debt the night atest thebegining | 75% the winter freezing the weekend Teyears old time the advice of = fortnight time pressure the rush hour business hisforties new the end of management the week Prepositions in context 11 Read the article about a British opticians, Specsavers. Complete it with prepositions. Should’ve Gone to Specsavers! ‘Specsavers isa British opticians chain with stores in the Netherlands, Scandinavia, Australi, and New Zealand. twas begun by husband and wife teem, Doug and Dame Mary Perkins, in ther spare room ' 1984,2__spite ‘of these humble beginnings, thas grown to be the Uk's largest employer *__ registered optometists Now ‘their 70s, Mary and Doug met *___ Cardiff University inthe 1960s. They were both studying degrees ’___ optometry Doug borrowed money *____ his grandparents and bought the opticians owned! Mary‘ father in Bristol Before Specsavers, opticians ha been expensive, and there nad been limited choice. Mary and Doug ‘offered affordable and fashionable eyecare ™_al, all advice, they decided to launch ‘320-1 offer ®™__ al frames —this was a phenomenal sucoess and Specsavers went ™__ strength to strength. Mary and Doug aso realized the power *. ‘one "*___ the highest spenders Itoffers a range of frames designed” his global brand in 2018, Specsavers is a family business The couple and thelr three grown-up chléren oversee the Specsavers ‘empire "___ their central office in Guernsoy Andi realy an empire, with *__32 milion customers, 30,000 emplayees and *___2,000 stores. The family is one ofthe richest families in Brain, and yet Mary and Doug stil ve In ther modest fourbedraam house in Guernsey - Mary even kept the same car "___ twelve years. They are a modest, hard-working family who saw a gap in the eyecare market And the rests history! ‘advertising and celebrity branding. specsavers is advertising and itis known for its humorous approach. famous designers and celebrities, Wil am launched 1984 1997 2008 2012 2018 i ‘opens fist tore in firstimemational store opens in 1,000th store opens 4,500 store opens Wil. am launches Bristol Haarlem, Netherlands | 2010 2016 his global brand | 1990 2003 market leader inNew Zealand tumaver of innovative 20-1 offer famous caption’Shouldve gone 2044 record breaking isleunched to Specsavers’is launched market leader in Australia £2.18 billion 42. Unit 6 + Making itbigVocabulary Money advice Complete the sentences below with the words in the box. setup reduce spread invoice transfer haggle refund payoff compare sales figures 1 Youcan___your heating bill by up to 20% by insulating your loft. 2 You should your credit card balance to anew card with 0% interest. 3. Before renewing your car insurance, go online and prices. You could be paying far too much! 4 You should always ‘over your mobile phone package. You can usually negotiate a better deal! 5 Rather than paying in full, the cost of household bills over the year in monthly or quarterly payments, 6 To manage your finances more efficiently, direct debits, then you know exactly when money is leaving your bank account. 7 It's always advisable to credit card balances in full each month to avoid paying high interest charges. 8 As part of your statutory rights, you are entitled to a full within 30 days of purchase. 9 Due to the current recession, this year’s have been very disappointing 10 Payment is due within 30 days of receipt of. i ‘which will be sent by email Pronunciation Words with variable stress 1 ‘The words below can all be both nouns or verbs. Listen to 12 sentences containing them. Are they used as nouns or verbs? Write N or V. What do you notice about the stressed syllables? 1 _W_ transport import 9 __ object 2 __increase record 10 ___ present 3 ___ produce permit 11 __contest 4 __ insult refund 12 __ refuse 2 Numbers 9-12 change meanings when used as a noun or a verb. Check these in your dictionary. 3 Read this news item aloud. Pay attention to the words with variable stress. Listen and check, Practise reading the text again, 4 Read this news item and mark the stress on the words in bold. Then read it aloud, paying attention to the shifting stress. ‘The number of tax refunds ison the inerease since the tax office hhas been experiencing problems with its new computer system, The problem came to light when so many businesses contested their latest bills, Tax officers have protested against the criticism, saying that they are insulted by the suggestion that they are to blame. They say thatthe present problems only started when the IT contract was placed with a new company, and they can produce records to show this, GIG Listen and check. Practise reading the text again. Unit 6 + Making t bigLet there be love! © Modal auxiliary verbs © Common verbs with get © Need * Love and relationships ‘© Modals and related verbs © Phrasal verbs - type 4 Lang juage focus 2 Underline the two most suitable modals. 1 You should / may hi t It's Vaan etalmedae Yo ud ny gut your a 2 Can | May | Should Lask you a question? 3 Parents could / must / have fo use an appropriate | child restraint for their child in all motor vehicles. 4 You might /’l'/ may get a seat on the train, but it’s unlikely, as its always packed. 1 Tick (V) the most likely explanation for each of these modals. 1 Leanne may be getting married soon. a [J Leanne has 5 Icould / can / be studying Mandarin this time permission to get next year. married soon. 6 Ishould / ought to / must be able to speak French Its possible Leanne A fluently. I've lived in Paris for five years. will get married soon, “1 7 You 'll have to / ought to / may work much harder if 2 Tcouldn't swim until I was 16. ‘you want to pass. a [J I wasn't allowed to swim until I was 16, 8 Its an Italian restaurant. They should / can / have to b [J I wasn't able to swim until I was 16. do good spaghetti. 3. Noone can smoke in pubs or restaurants. ee a F] Nooneisallowed to smoke in pubs or restaurants. 19 you could / have to / must be between 150.m and b [J No oneis able to smoke in pubs or restaurants. 190 cm tall to bea flight attendant. 4 You should wear glasses. 3 Underline the correct answer. | aC] Myadvice is that you wear glasses. 1 You mustn't / won't have any problems with Josh. | b [1] Its possible that you will have to wear glasses. Hes a good baby. 5. Will you walk the dog? 2 You don't have to | mustn't use cream in this sauce, | a J Fmasking you to walk the dog. but A iran 7 a ho Se 3 Tcouldn’t/ wouldr’t watch the tennis final because ‘Oo tote sonnets in the ature going to wall Mia phoned for a long chat about her boyfriend. 6 Leoult pet the tribes 4 Tans s0 stubborn. He just can't / wort listen to « [) Ididn't manage to get the top off the ja. 5 Tmatfraid I can't / may not come to your wedding b [] Iwasnt allowed to get the top off the jr. asT'llbe in Australia, 7 You must be hungry. 6 Twas able to | could get 20% off the price in the sale. a C2] Youneed to be hungry. 7 You don't have to / mustn't say a word about this to > Ei Tm ure you are hungry. your mother. Its a surprise. 8 Andy's very busy, so he may not go to the party. Listen and check a [J Andy doesn't have permission to go to the party. b [There's possibility Andy won't go to the party. 44 Unit7 + Let there be love!Positive to negative 4 Rewrite the sentences to give the opposite meaning. 1 You must stop here. 2. We must learn the whole poem. 3 They had to take off their shoes. 4 He must be speaking Swedish, 5 You have to help me do this exercise. Present probability 5 Respond to the statements or questions using the words in brackets. Put the verb in the correct form, 1 Harry is packing his suitcases. (must/go on holiday) Hemustbegoingonholiday 2. Jenny looks really unhappy. (must/miss/boyfriend) 3. Who’ at the front door? (will/ Tom) 4 Where's Kate? It's nearly lunchtime! (car'/stillsleep) 5. Why are all the lights on in their house? (could/have/party) 6 James has been working all night. (mustldeadline to meet) 7 There’ a thick fog this morning. (might/difficult/drive/work) 8 Mark cant find his litte sister. (may/hidelin the garden) Listen and check. “You must be the tenth doctor who's told me I'm suffering from paranoia, ‘Whats this, some kind of conspiracy?” Need can worklike a modal verb ora normal verb. 1 Its usually formed like anormal verb + infinitive with to. She needs togo to bed, Does she need togo to bed? ‘She doesn't need to go to bed. 2 Need is used as a modal verb mainly in the negative. ‘Sheneedn't goto bed yet 3 Need +-ing + passive infinitive The car needs fxing, = The car needs tobe fied. 6 Underline the correct verb, Sometimes two are correct, 1 You weren't able to! needn't / don't have to do this exercise, but it might help. 2 You mustnt / needn't | don't have to think Tm always this bad tempered. I've just had a bad day. 3. We managed to | needn't | don't have to book a table. The restaurant wortt be busy tonight. 4 Do you really must / need to / have to go now? Cant you stay a bit longer? 5 You must / don't need to | don't have to eat all your vegetables, Just have the carrots. 6 Have L must / need to / got to go to bed now? I'm not tired, 7 The carpet needs / must / has to replacing. Look at the state of it! 8 Atlast I ve managed / ve needed | 've got to find someone to fix my cooker. 9 Unfortunately, I wasn't able to / didn’t ‘manage to | needn't climb to the top of the ‘mountain because of the poor weather conditions. 10 Hooray! I needn't / wasn't able to | don't hhave to wear school uniform today because its Saturday! Unit 7 + Let there be love! 45> Modals and related verbs 7 Rewrite the sentences with a similar meaning using the prompts 1 Its Anna’ birthday tomorrow, so I should buy her a card. (id better) Its Anna's birthday tomorrow, sod better buy her card. 2. Guests shouldn't leave valuables in their rooms. (advised) 3 wasnt allowed to stay out late until I was 18. (let) My parents ___ 4 Tim sure helll do well. He’ so clever. (bound) 5 People under 18 shouldn't drink alcohol. (supposed) 6 You cant use dictionaries in this exam. (not allowed) The use of. ‘Travellers to the US need a visa. (required) 8 Lexpect you'll find it difficult to learn Russian, (likely) 9 You cantt use your phone in the quiet carriage (not permitted) Using, es 46. Unit7 + Let there be love! Modals and related verbs in context 8 Complete the problems and responses with the correct phrase from the boxes. ee Ask Lolita, our love expert Cie interacts eobutied Long-distance Love arenttabletesee canget together should be able to bound to feel will survive is always possible to could easily find managetosee mustn’tbe shouldtry Dear Lolita : Myairiend andlare very muchinive butwelve at opposite} ends of the country, co we ‘aren‘table to.see much of each other long-distance relationship | ‘Skype or Facetime, but it's not I know it’s easy these days tohavea| because ¢*@________— che came a5 gving her aug, We usualy ——————— | Sach other about once a month andTm a teacher, so atleast oon in-the school holidays. know! | | — cope, but: Im finding tact | eee James, Exeter | Holiday Dilemma ‘ought toinsist_hasto pay back should Ishare isboundto struggle can'tsleep will think should let willhaveto support _maycome oughtnotto have DearLoitta lexpect you". butt Im so worried that |"@_________— with my boytriend for the first time, and nim, andl know he ‘that my problem is really | You | see, Im going on holiday Iori know what: to do. | earn much more tha with paying his way for our outings * ‘and restaurant meale.Do you think ‘on paying most of the ils, #__—___—___ them votth hin’ He #______—_—ahuge student loan, and Tdon't want him-to get even more n debt - but also don't wart to damage his pride. Any suggestions? Josie, Sheffield ttDear James You. ‘80 hard on yourself. You're inet ina situation like this. Anyone ‘would! But, if your love is strong, it incor solutions. You're a teacher, so surely you a job in another schoo! near to your girriend. think yous to do something practical, s0 the two of You can be together. Love Lolita Dear Josie You are a very thoughtful young woman, ‘and | totally understand your dilemma. think you eee your boyfriend pay fora few of the ‘meals, but not all of them. That way he retains his self-respect. Relationships are always changing, aie a time when the roles reverse and ieee you. Anyway, i this day and age, ‘any intelligent and confident man Say ieee with his partner earning more than him. Love Lolita Vocabulary Common verbs - get 1 Lookat the sentences. Match the phrases containing get with the definitions al. A 8 1 Doyou get the point fm making? a receive 2 Ittook me ages to get over the fl b live 3. Lwon't get through allthis work by Friday. © avoid 4. My kids each get £5 pocket money a week d recover from 5. Itsdifficult to get by on just £50.a week e finish 6 What time do you think youl get here? f understand 7 Doyouand your sister geton well? 9 depress you 8 Danalways tries to get out of doing the h buy housework, Per ‘9 Rain! Rain! Rain! Doesnt it get you down? ie 10 Idon't speak much French, but Ican just get by. understood 11. I managed to get this bag for just £10 in the sales. | k become interested in 12 cant get nto this book. The plot is too | havea good [__ complicated relationship. 2 Complete the sentences with the correct word from the box. at_back from into past to with (2) 1 Josh doesnt get on any of his classmates. Its a shame. 2 Could you move out of the way, please? I need to get. 3 Those kids have been quiet for ages. They must be getting up no good. 4 Mary never disciplines her five-year-old, He gets away. murder! 5 Zoe and Rob split up for a while, but it seems they've got together again. 6 He got so much trouble when he forgot his wife’ birthday. 7 Its embarrassing being with Tim and Kay - they're always getting ‘each other. 8 Thad a report to finish, so I didnt get away work until 8 o'clock, Listen and check. Unit7 + Let there be love! 47Love and relationships 3 Match the expressions with their definitions. A 2 1 behead over | a experiencing problems and about heels in love) ‘ofall 2 amatch made | b fallinlove with someone you (usualy) inheaven cant have 3 haveacrush | c become friends again aftera {on someone) disagreement 4 puppylove | d twopeople perfectly suited to each 5 pop the other question «short-term love between young people 6 Kissand makeup | ¢ end relationship 7 ontherocks | g getmaried 8 spltup h asksomeone to get maried 9 tietheknot | i love someone very much indeed 10 bicker j)_argue about trivial matters 4 Complete the conversations with the expressions from 3. 1 A I'mso worried about my daughter. She’ only 14, and she thinks about no one else but her boyfriend. B Dorit worry. Its onlyt_—— Shell ike someone ese by Christmas. My daughter on her History teacher! That ll pass too - Thope! 2 A Lily and Pedro are? They're absolutely perfect for each other. B Its so nice to see such a happy couple. I bet Pedro will ‘ soon, and hopefully welll be bridesmaids! 3A After 25 years of mariage, Pm stil s in love with my husband as I ‘was all those years ago. In fact, I think I love him even more. B You're so lucky. My martige with Guy is definitely Were abras aging. think were going to ‘A Ohno! I'm so sorry. 4 A Mum! Dad! Will you two stop z Tt doesn’t matter whose turn it is to empty the bins. Please, just and let have a nice evening. B OK, OK. And I'll do it. But its definitely your dad’s turn next week. 5 A fill and Graham have been going out together for years ‘now! Do you think they'll ever 2 Phrasal verbs Type 4- verb + adverb + preposition 1 Type phrasal verbs have a verb + adverb + preposition, ‘The preposition hasan object. We'verun out of sugar. Doyouget on with your neighbours? 2 The word order cannot change. Doyou get on with them? 3 Dictionaries show ype phrasal verbs by gving both the adverb and the preposition ‘get away with sth:do something bad and not get unished fort 4 Sometimes a phrasal verb can be type 4 or type 1 ‘Type I: Their marriage broke up last year. ‘Type 4: She’ sad because she’ just broken up with her boyfriend. Dictionaries show this. break up (with sb) 5 Match the lines in A and B. 1 Tim really looking forward 2 The government want todo away Oh no! We've run out Stella can't put up Otto walked out Harry's bully. Stand up, I dont think they'll pull out 8 Cora always walks away ofthe deal, with Kieran any tothe weekend, with child benefit. from difficult situations, of coffee! of the meeting in protest. tohim! B I've no idea. Maybe they are happy as they are, or maybe they just don't like weddings! Listen and check. 48° Unit7 + Let there be love!6 Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs and prepositions in the box. away with offwith upfor up with out of onwith (x2) out with (x2) upto down on 1 Joey! You've got a very guilty look on your face! What have you been getting upto this time? 2 The burglar broke into the house and made a lot of jewellery. 3. We must try to cut the amount of money we spend a month, or welll get into debt. 4 Don't let me disturb you. Carry your work. 5 I'm sorry we didnt get into the cinema, Tl take you to a restaurant to make it 6 There is a move in Britain to do the monarchy completely, so that Britain would become a republic. 7 Sams mean with his money, and he’ always trying to get paying his share of the bills. 8 Iwent Aimee for two years, and then we broke up. 9 Tcanit put Paul's rudeness a minute longer. I'm leaving him! 10 Judith isa very difficult person to get - She’ always falling people. Pronunciation Consonant clusters English has many words with groups (or clusters) of consonants: happened hepond! couldnt Pkudnt/ puzzles 'pazizi 1 These words all have consonant clusters. Say them aloud and transcribe, 1 /daznt/ doesn't 2 /'fodnt/ 3 /'masnt/ 4 'promist/ 5 /n'stretlia! 6 /in'gerdsd/ 7 /eda'lesnt/ 8 /o'reindsd! 9 rvlerfnfip/ 10 /eengri/ 11 /ik'sartment/ 12 /m'prest/ Listen and repeat. Stress in sentences Rob and Stuart are chatting about Frank. Listen to the ‘conversations and mark the stress in Stuart’ responses. 1 R on onono op onon Dont you think Frank’s put on a lot of weight recently? You're kidding. If anything, he’ lost weight. I think Frank earns more than me. ‘Well, [know he earns alot more than me. He’ thinking of buying a second-hand Mercedes. ‘What do you mean? He’ already bought a brand-new one. He just bought two pairs of designer jeans. Didn't you know that all Frank’s clothes are designer labels? Does Frank have many stocks and shares? He has loads of them. Isn't Frank in New York on business? No, in fact he’s in Florida on holiday. His latest girlfriend has long, blonde hair, Really? The gitl I saw him with had short, brown hai. Unit7 « Let there be love! 49Going to extremes ‘© Relative clauses ‘© Defining and non-defining relative clauses «* Participles and participle clauses Language focus relative clauses Olympics quiz 1 Test your Olympics general knowledge. Tick (7) the correct answer. Listen and check. 2 Underline the relative clause in each question. 4. The person who revived the Olympic Games in 1896 was a [) Queen Victoria, b L) Louis Napoleon Bonaparte. ¢ LJ Baron Pierre de Coubertin, 2 Asport which has recently been included in the Olympic games is a CL] BMXFreestyle. b C1 basketball ¢ DD gymnastics 3 The country which has won the most events at the winter Olympics is a OJ Nomay. b C1 Sweden. c C theus. oy 4 The five Olympic rings, which are blue, yellow, black, green and red, represent a C1 the five original Olympic sports. b Ly the five continents of the world: ¢ [1] the five members of the Olympic committee. 5 The highest number of spectators at an Olympic event was in Atlanta in the US in 1996, where more than half a million people turned out to watch a_[_] Roger Black in the 200 and 400 metres. b LJ Michael Johnson in the 200 and 400 metres ¢ [J Allen Johnson in the 110-metre hurdles. 50 Unit + Going to extremes ** People, places and things * Extreme adjectives © Nounsin groups 6 Usain Bolt, whose full name is Usain St Leo Bolt, has won Olympic gold medals. a Leight {> b C1 five ( f ¢ DO four 7 Spectators at Seonhak Stadium, which is in South Korea, a [] witnessed the first unified North and ‘South Korean ice-hockey team. b LC witnessed the first mixed 100 metres race. ¢ (1) experienced a 20-minute power cut during the men’s ice-hockey final 8 The person who has won the most Olympic medals is a LJ the gymnast, Larisa Latynina. b [1] the swimmer, Michael Phelps. ¢ (J the sprinter and long jumper, Carl Lewis.Relative pronouns 3 Match a line in A with a line in B. A B 1. Havel told you recently | a when you expect to arrive 2 Thavetodo b where my brother lives. 3 Wewere stuckin trafic | | ¢ which came as abit ofa for hours, surprise, 4 We're emigrating to d_ whose body was covered Australia intattoos. 5 Imeta girl © how much love you? 6 passed all myexams | f whatever you want. 7 Letmeknow 4g which was a nightmare. 8 Iilbuy h what believe to be right, Defining or non-defining relative clause? 4 Decide if these sentences are best completed with a defining relative clause (D) or a non-defining relative clause (ND). Write D or ND in the boxes. 1 [J Talove to meet someone 2 C] Were looking for a house 3 [] Wewent to see Romeo and Juliet 4 [J Do youknow-a shop 2 5] Marilyn Monroe died of a drug overdose. 6 [1 Ifind people difficult to get on with, 7 (1 My computer is already out of date. 8 [J Imeta girl 9 1 Professor Cox will give a talk next week. 10 [] Iwas studying in my bedroom 5 Complete the sentences in 3 with this information. Add a relative pronoun and commas where necessary. Leave out the relative pronoun if possible. You went toschool with | Herreal name was Norma her. Jean Baker. Ithas four bedrooms. There was a power cut. Iboughtitonly lastyear. | This person could teach me They lose their temper how to cook, easily. Hes well-known physicist You can buy second-hand | and TV presenter. furniture, We really enjoyed it (QEB Listen and check, Punctuation in relative clauses 6 Add commas to these sentences if they have a non-defining relative clause. If possible, cross out the pronoun in the defining clauses. 1 Sheila, who I first got to know at university, was one of six children. ‘The man whe you were talking to is a famous actor. This is the story that amazed the world. (no commas) ‘The thing that I most regret is not going to university. | ‘My two daughters who are 13 and 16 are both | interested in dancing, | 6 The town where I was born has changed dramatically since the financial crisis, | i 7 I didnt like the clothes which were in the sale. 8 The Algarve where my mother’s family comes from is famous for its beautiful beaches. 9 Salt that comes from the sea is considered to be the best for cooking 10 Salt whose qualities have been known since prehistoric times is used to season and preserve food. 7 Complete the sentences with a relative pronoun. Ifthe pronoun can be omitted, add nothing. 1 Thelady. is in the wheelchair is my grandmother. 2 [know an Italian restaurant serves excellent i pasta 3 [know an Italian restaurant you can always get a table 4 Uncle Tom earns a fortune, Lasked him to lend me £5,000. achild people immediately like. is why 5 Sean 6 My daughter, ambition is to emigrate to \ ‘Canada, has finally got her visa. | 7 Igave him some water, he drank thirstily 8 The flight ‘we wanted to get was fully booked. | 9) My aunties house is 1 feel most at home. | 10. This is the smallest car has ever been made, | | | 11 That's the man wife left him because he kept his pet snake in the bedroom. 12 Tove the thi you say to me. 13. T.go shopping at the new shopping centre, | theres free parking. 14 She told me shed been married before, Thadn't realized. 15. Ican‘t bear the conversations we disagree. Unit 8 + Going to extremes 51> Prepositions in relative clauses Participle clauses 8 Combine the sentences, keeping the preposition after the verb 10 Rewrite the sentences with a present or past in the relative clause. participle clause instead of a relative clause 1 Iwant you to meet the people. I work with them. 1 Can you see the woman who's dressed in red Jwant you to meet the peoplelworkwith, over there? 2. SheS a friend, I can always rely on her. Can you see the woman dressed in red over there? a 2. People who live in blocks of flats often 3 That’ the man. The police were looking for him. complain of loneliness. 4 She recommended a book by Robert Palmer. Td never heard 3 Letters that are posted before 5.00 p.m. should of him. arrive the next day. 5 You paid £200 for a pair of trainers. They have now been reduced to £100, 4 The train th Manchester. is standing on platform five is for 6 Thisis the book. I was telling you about it. 5 Firefighters have rescued passengers who were 7 The Prime Minister gave a good speech, [agree with his ema views. ise 6 They live ina lovely house that overlooks the 8 His talk was on the environment. I care deeply about this. ‘Thames. 9 What's that music? He's dancing to it. 7 Ittook workmen days to clear up the liter that ‘was dropped by the crowds. ] Participles - present and past 11 Complete the sentences with a verb from the box Participles as adjectives in either its present or past participle form. 9 Complete the adjective with -ed or -ing. feel borrow explain say study pass_steal 1 My dad was in a bad mood for the whole week, M27 (ee completely ruining our holiday. 4 : 2 After all her exams, 12. 2 ie Maria went out to celebrate. 39RT'*4 4305" + ly T2 = 3. The jewellery inthe robbery has never been recovered. 4 Igot a letter from the Tax Office rethem "| aboringlesson ora bored saan that I owe them £5,000. : 5 hungry, I decided to 1 arelax___ holiday 7 aconceit____person make a sandwich. 2. adisappoint 8 an embarrass a, a one — must be returned in two weeks. 3 anunex visit 9 athrill__stor a —o little a 7 Thad a long talk to Ruby, eee eee why it was important to work hard. ‘well-behav_ children 11 a promis, start 8 With both children at frighten incident 12 achallen job university, the house seems really quiet. 52. Unit8 + Going to extremesRelatives and participles in context | Hair-raising Hannah | 12 Read about Hannah Roberts, Olympic athlete. In what way is she a pioneer? Complete the article with the clauses below. Relative clause Past participle that made Though terrified of doing where they take place momrecognized-as who has pushed herself that enables her to manage TRE which can happen Losing Which involves doing stunts | learning what no one has done before | made of wood and plastic whose mission in life a Hannah Roberts, ' now recognized as one of the most exciting BMX freestylers of who has taken the world of BMX Freestyle A {p Park to another level — Olympic level! VAS YY Roberts,»_______is to inspire a new generation of young BMX freestylers, had always dreamed of being part of the Olympic Games. It was the recent decision to include IMAKESJItIMCOMM sis reesyic nine ovmmcpeoarne se her dream come true, The ambitious teenager, *_ even more since the decision, can’t wait to put the sport in the Olympic spotlight. BMX Freestyle,*________ on a BMX, is an extreme sport descended from BMX racing. Its five disciplines, whose names describe ’_______, are street, park, vert (a ramp *___}, trails, and flatiand. Hannah trained hard, »___ six new stunts to impress the judges. *___ some of her most challenging jumps, Hannah says the fear helps her to perform even better." yournerve,*_________to the mast fearless rider, is a ‘common occurrence. To overcome this, Hannah practises over and over again in a foam pit. It is this level of commitment and practice her fear on the real ramp. You have to believe that you're going to do it ~ if you have any doubt, then it’s going to end up badly’, she says. Hannah has done *___in the world of BMX freestyle~_ © she has taken her passion and had it recognized as a bona fide sport. Hannah once said, ‘It would be so cool to be a part of the Youth Olympic Games.’ Well ‘coo!’ has happened! We will now all be able to enjoy watching this dynamic and exciting new Olympic event, and a ‘whole new generation of young people will be following in Hannah's ploneering footsteps. Unit 8 + Going to extremes 33Vocabulary People, places, and things Adjective and adverb collocations 1 Complete the table with these descriptive adjectives. There are seven in each group. waterproof breathtaking expensive picturesque unspellt ——stubbom =——_loyal. overcrowded arrogant humble considerate valuable conceited handmade devoted desolate _ priceless cracked remote builtup automatic People Places Things spoilt 2 Complete the sentences with an adjective from 1. 1 The view from the top of the mountain was absolutely, 2. He’ always boasting about how great he is at everything. He’ so 3 Our new caris -Tdontt change gears when Tm driving any more. 4 Kenisso kind and she’ always going out of his ‘way to help people. 5 The countryside was completely rolling hills and green fields for miles around. 6 The Cotswolds is an area in England which is very. Ithas lots of prety, villages. 7 Hes really He wont agree to anything, 8 That bag you're looking at i by local craftsmen. Look at the quality of the work. 9. ‘The beach was seriously. put our towels down, ‘There was no room to 54 Unit + Going to extremes Extreme adjectives 3 Write the adjectives under the adverbs they go with — very and absolutely. One adjective can be used with both adverbs. clever starving useless exhausted disgusting boring full tired valuable scary appalling hot terrifying priceless dry ridiculous freezing funny brillant soaked messy upset hilarious very absolutely Nouns in groups Look at these examples of number + noun + noun, ‘athree-mile walk a16-year-old itl ‘aten-hourflight ‘These are expressions of measurement before a noun. ‘Thenumber and the frst oun are joined with a hyphen, andthe fst noun is usually inthe singular. 4 Rewrite these phrases using an expression of ‘measurement. 1 note that is worth ten pounds 2 alanguage course that lasts eight weeks 3. a drive that takes six hours 4a meal that consists of three courses 5 a delay at the airport that went on for four hours 6 aprison sentence of ten yearsPrepositions Adjective + preposition 5 Complete these sentences with the correct preposition. 1 Visitors to hot countries need to be aware the risk of malaria. 2 Canterbury is famous its cathedral 3 Billis jealous ‘me because I'm so much cleverer than him. 4 Tm very proud ry two sons. 5 Tim disappointed you. I thought I could trust you. 6 You're very different your brother. 7 Visitors to Britain arent used driving on the left. 8 Its typical Oliver to be late for appointments. 9 You should be ashamed. what you did, 10 Tam most grateful all your help. 11 Who is responsible this mess? 12 What's wrong, you? You dont look well. 13. My son is crazy band called Mountainz. 14 Ta love to get a cat, but we can't because my husband is, allergic them. 15 Twasnit too keen quite like her now. Bertha at first, but I 16 She was angry me not telling her the news, IT DIDN'T WORL.2'M STL ANGRY WiTH MANAGEMENT! ANGER EYvrarity Pronunciation Silent consonants English words often have silent consonants: know — writer walk climb 1 Complete the table with these words. Cross out the silent consonants. industry executive henest inhabitant receipt distinctly rebuilt fasten eccentric insect, lamp sumptuous exhausted whistle straight anonymous citizen fascinating delighted documentary landscape temperature business debt A 8 all consonants some consonants not Pronounced pronounced industry Honest Listen and check. 2 Listen and write these words. They all have silent consonants. /saton'tufik! /sar'koladsist! Mhaensam/ ie'sict Mkrismas! naitmea! ‘kan! grenfa:da/ I'wenzder! 10 /ka:m/ Unit 8 + Going to extremes 58Exam practice Units 5-8 Reading and Use of English Part 1 For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. ‘There is an example at the beginning (0). (8 marks) Abrief history of advertising 11477, William Caxton printed what could be 0_B_as Britain’ frst advert for a book called The Pyes of Salisbury. But ‘advertising goes back much further than Caxton’ time; almost certainly it emerged along with trading, From 1 displaying one’s goods outside, to painting on walls to 2___ customers, the origins of advertising go back a long way. Actual examples have been found 3___in the ruins of Pompeil. As advertising developed at the same time and pace as consumer society it isnt realy surprising that the 4 revolution late in the 18th century marked an expansion in advertising, ‘Advertising had become a serious business, and it wasn't long before people started to offer themselves as 5 in advertising - the earliest known record of an advertising 6 dates back to 1786. Newspapers became the main 7___ of Jing goods and services during the first half of the 19th century, a situation that would 8___ virtually unchanged Until the birth of television in the 20th century. advert 56 called D explained © A thought B described c 1A simply B only € clearly D easily 2 A please B encourage invite D attract 3. A reserved B preserved C saved D kept 4A industrial B business € factory D manufacturing 5 A professionals B authorities specialists. leaders 6 A agency B group € society D department 7 A manner B instrument process D means 8 A remain B keep C rest D wait Reading and Use of English Part 2 For questions 9-16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). (8 marks) Can dreams predict the future? The dreams we have often appear to be supernatural events in which we see 0 ourselves as characters in extraordinary stories. We meet strange people, we 9___ on adventures and we discover amazing places. These situations don't quite 10__ sense to us on waking, but atthe time they appear as plausible as the events we go through in our everyday lives. The fact that scientists have not succeeded 11_____fully explaining dreams gives them even more of an air of mystery. The exact process through 12___ they happens still unclear. This encourages us to come 13_____with more ‘weird and wonderful explanations for dreams and the role they 14___in our daily lives. An example of this is the belief that dreams can be helpful in 15_____to predict the future. Unsurprisingly, this particular theory is backed up by people's accounts of how they've predicted events through dreams, Including national disasters. Most people have 16 ___ some point had a dream that has played out in reality. Exam practice « Units 5-8Reading and Use of English Part 3 For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). (8 marks) Cross-country skiing can be fun For the average person, cross-country skiing is an 0 enjoyable way to spendawinter ENJOY afternoon, but for Olympic athletes, itis a punishing test of strength and 17_____. DETERMINE However, 18___ to the American athlete Jessie Diggins, who was a ‘ACCORD 9. the 2018 Winter Olympics itcan also be great fun. COMPETE ‘People used to regard us as litle forest people, who went up into the woods and came back two hours later having had a race. But in truth, cross-country skiing is much ‘more 20___ than most people realize. It takes everything you have to get ENERGY around that course, because you're working your legs, your arms, in fact your whole body. From my 21_____ you might think it couldn't possibly be fun because it's DESCRIBE s022__, but can assure you, itis! CHALLENGE Despite Jessie's enthusiasm, itisa 23__fact that cross-country skiing is one of RECOGNIZE the most 24__of Olympic sports. EXHAUST Reading and Use of English Part 4 For questions 25-30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given, Do not change the word given. You must use between three and six words, including the word given. (2 marks each) 25 If they don't pay him more, helll look for a new job, INCREASE Unless he. salary, he'lllook fora new job. 26 'm going to enter next year's town cycle race, NAME Im goingto_______the town cycle race next year. 27 According to weather experts, storms are likely tonight. PROBABLY Weather experts say stormy tonight 28 Four similar burglaries are currently being investigated by the police. INTO The police. four similar burglaries. 29 I don't have avery good relationship with my brother. cer My brother andl don't other. 30 I'm sorry to say we have no coffee left, RUN Unfortunately, coffee. TOTAL Exam practice « Units 5-8 36 57© Expressing habit © used to and would © used to, get used to, and be used to Language focus Expressing habit 1 Match a sentence in A with a sentence in B. The good old days! ‘* Homonyms and homophones ‘© Adjective intensifiers ‘Phrasal verbs and nouns My family's bad habits 3 Rewrite the sentences in one or two ways. will or wortt or the Present Continuous. 1 My dad mends his motorbike in the living Listen and check. It's so annoying! 2 Tick (V) the sentences where the speaker is more annoyed by someone's behaviour. 1 [[] He watches sports programmes on TV. (2 He’s always watching sports programmes on TV. 2 [1] Sheil give us extra lessons after school. Z] She would give us extra lessons after school 3 [J She was always giving us homework. (5) She used to give us homework 4 [] Our daughter used to leave the tap running while she cleaned her teeth. (71 Our daughter would always leave the tap running ‘while she cleaned her teeth. 5 [J Mybossis always asking me to stay late My boss sometimes asks me to stay late. 6 (_] My children dor't help out at home. (J My children will never help out at home. isten and check. 58 Unit9 + The good old days! A 7 room. a 1 Hes very dishonest. | a. Shejogsto work every day : 2 Hetsso disorganized. | b They gt everything they as or. 7 ee 2. My brother leaves the top off the toothpaste. 3 She's very fashionable. | ¢ She never thinks before she speaks. i 4 Shesreally generous. | d_ He wllleave allo the last minute. : 5 Shessosensiive. | e He's always applying for new jobs Se cee |e eeaeaar 3. The boys never help with the household chores. 7 She'sincredibyrude. | g_ She's always buying me presents a 8 Theytesospoitt, | h She'lonly wear designer clothes. 4 My sister borrows my clothes without asking 9 Shesveryenergetic. | 1 She'leryat the slightest hing a 10 Hessoambitious. | j_He wont ever change his mind b 5. My grandpa doesn't let anyone choose what's on TV. 6 My grandma gossips about the neighbours. a bd 7 Carole and Alan boast about their children. a bPast habit - used to used to and would 4 Complete the sentences with used to in the positive, negative, or question form. Would and used o expresses typical past behaviour. Sometimes we can use bath, Jay always used to/would walk the dog in the morning, Used to aso expresses a past state. ‘Weused olive in a big house. In this case, we can only use used to, not would. For one single action in the past we can only use the Pas Simple, We got marred in 2017. 5 Tick (7) which verb forms can complete the sentences below. Sometimes all are possible. 1__long blonde hair when I was first married. had b 2 We __every summer with our cousins in Scotland. [1 spent bused to spend ¢(-] would spend 3 Pam out with Andy for six months, but then she ditched him, a] went [7] used togo would have / had a sixth sense that someone was watching me. 1? used to turn / turned around and there was this guy who looked just like Simon Le Bon. It was love at first sight, His name was Terry and he was a typical New Romantic, with his frilly white shirt, black leather trousers and a bandana, Terry even ‘used to wear / wore eyeliner in those days, too! He was 20, and back in 1981 he used to work / worked as a waiter at a hotel on the sea front. But what he really wanted to be was a photographer. On our first dates, we “used to walk / would walk hand in hand along the beach, but every few minutes something would interest him and he "would stop / stopped to take a photo -it* would drive | drove me madi We wouldn't have didn’t have much money back then, but if we did, we "used to meet / met up with Terry's 9 Compete these sentences about the story with one suitable word from the box. got used wasn't would 1 Terry to wear a bandana and eyeliner. 2 They walk along the beach on their first dates 3it drive Anita mad when Terry kept stopping to take photos friends at the Rock Café, Brighton’s coolest café, which often " would play / played our favourite 80s music. It was, because of the Rock Café that Terry " used to get / got his first big break. The owner of the café, George, ? would want / wanted some photos of his customers to put on the wall, and Terry became chief photographer (well, the only photographer). We all posed for Terry's photos and. George “ used to make / made big displays of them on the walls of the café! He even paid us! It was weird because people started to recognize us from the photos in the ‘café. We really were girls (and boys) on film. ‘A famous local artist stopped at the café one day, and " would see / saw Terry's photos. He ‘would like / liked them and asked Terry to show his work at an exhibition in London. ‘The exhibition was a success, and the following year, after I" graduated / used to graduate from college, we got / would get married. We both used to commute to London from Brighton for a long time, because we * wouldn't want / didn't want to leave our friends in Brighton, but we eventually * used to move/ moved to London in 1985. At first, really missed Brighton. 1® didn’t like / wouldn't like London at first, and being around lots of people, but 1 soon * was used to it/ got used to it, and I love it now. Our beautiful twin girls were born in 1987. Of course, ‘Terry # took | would take thousands of photos of them, and now he takes photos of our grandchildren, I'm now a successful illustrator of children’s books, and Terry is a world-famous photographer, but if it wasn't for the Rock Café and those 80s photos of me and our friends, he might still be a waiter! 4 Anita to know Terry's friends at the Rock Café. 5 Anita used to being recognized on the streets of Brighton, 6 Anita and Terry paid for the café photos. 7 They both to commute to London from Brighton, 8 Anita used to being around all the people in London. 9 Anita to like London eventually. Unit9 + The good old days! 61Homophones 2 Write the correct spelling of the phonetic script. 1 a Tm /boxdlt I cant think of anything to do. Vocabulary Homonyms 1 Use the same word to complete each pair of sentences. 1 a Ithink I need to get some glasses. I cant read the ‘menu - the writing is too small! b We got some beautiful crystal wine glasses as one of our wedding presents. 2 a Look out of the window, Josie ~ there's Daddy coming up the path. to him! b With each the ferry rocked, and I began to feel sick. 3 a Look, I've no idea what you are arguing about. What are you trying to make? b He couldnt speak the language, so he just used to ‘whenever he wanted something. 4a Everyone has the toa fair trial b Well done! You got all the answers____in the tes. 5a Gosh, you look smart Is that anew and tie you're wearing? ’b Well, I think you should buy the pale green dress. The red one doesn't you. 6 a She ran to the station only to the train, b Brenda will really. moves to Australia next month. 7 a Oh, ook! Ed Sheeran is atthe Palladium. Can we get tickets? mareal_ b Its boiling hot. Could we switch the ‘on and get some air circulating? 8 a Jimmy is not my Hes only interested in sport. I prefer someone who's more academic. b Doracan ninety words a minute. ‘That's fast her son when he Gou missed school yesterday, Johnny,dln’t you? 62. Unit 9 + The good old days! b He jumped on his surf /bo:d/ and paddled out to the biggest waves. a b 2. Stop it! You know you're not /alaud/ to do that! b Michael, please stand up and read your story Jalaudi to the class. a Dd 3 a She was happy to get her bag back when the police Jkott/ the thief. b The thief was sentenced to three months in prison at /kott/ the next day. eb 4a Please turn off ll the lights when you leave the house, Dont /werst/ energy. b Did you see Abbie's werst/ in her wedding dress? Tt was tiny. a b 5 a The queues for car /hata/ at the airport were so long. b Throw the ball /hara/ or you'll never get it in the basket eee b Adjective intensifiers 3 Complete the sentences with the correct intensifier from the box. razor fast wide great freezing dead tiny | 1 Grace and Ken are so lucky. They have a big garden. 2 Chris is doing really well at stand-up comedy. He has a sharp wit. 3. Last night’s homework was easy. I did it in five minutes 4 Tjust added a little bit of chilli powder. Its not that hot, isi? 5 A My two-year-old is always awake first thing in the morning, B You wait! My fifteen-year-old is asleep until midday! 6 Brrr! This shower is. cold, There's no hot water lef!Phrasal verbs Phrasal verbs and nouns ‘Some phrasal verbs havea strong association with certain objects: set outon ajouney; come up with a solution to a problem. 4 Match a verb in A with an object in B. A B 1 filin 2 afire 2 doup b milk 3. make up © theflu 4 putout d aparent 5 turn down @ abusiness 6 take after F aform 7 cunoutof 4g agroup of people 8 comedownwith | h astory 9. check out of 1 university 10 setup J. ajob offer 11 drop out of k ahotel 12. fit in with | 1 ahouse Pronunciation Weak and strong forms ‘Auxillary verbs have weak and strong forms, depending on whether they are stressed or unstressed. 1 Sometimes the weak form sa contraction. hheis=hes Shedoesnot=She doesn't |have=t've 2 Sometimes the weak forms a change in the vowel sound, Thisis often a change to/a. Listen and repeat. weak strong was Awaz! woz! WasTom there? Yes, he was, were iwal wail Were you there? Yes, we were can Toni Aken! Pkaxnt/ Can you swim? Yes, can. No, can't been Joni Poizn/ Webeenshopping. | Where have you been? 5 Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verbs, and nouns from 4. 1 Youcant. like that! ‘The salary is amazing! And five weeks holiday! Ican only make you a black coffee ~ I've ait my own window cleaning and it’ so successful that I now employ five people. really wasn't enjoying my degree course, so I after one year. 5. I've never liked joining clubs ~ I always find it hard to You have to avery long ‘when you apply for a passport. Which do you mother or your father? 8 Thad to stay in bed for three days when I ‘most, your We could sell it for a big profit 1 sometimes read books to my children at bedtime, but they prefer it when I myself. Wecan the now and leave ‘our suitcases at reception. It took three days to a forest ‘that was started by a cigarette end, this old. and then, 10 u 2 3 Some prepositions also have weak and strong vowel sounds. Usten and repeat. weak | strong weak | strong to faa fa for | itar | tow of [iow | row | from | ftram/ | ifrom/ at [fol | fet (QED Listen to the sentences. Write W for weak and $ for strong next to the highlighted words. 1 I don’t want to W see him, but I'm sure you want to $. 2. Sue isn't going to___learn from ___the experience, but Tomis__. 3 Ive heard that you're thinking of __ moving from _ London, Are you? “You said you were going to meet me at__5?’ ‘Well, I was, but.’ 5 You will__ get a ticket for___me, wortt you? ‘Can __ you tell me who this letters from _? "Yes, [ean 7 Carit __ you remember who Bill works for__? 8 Tve been __ waiting for ___ages. Where were _ you? 9 What were __ you looking for_? 10 (QEX) Listen again and check. Read them aloud. Look at ___ you! You're filthy! Where have you been _ Unit 9 + The good old days!Language focus Modal verbs - present and past 1 Rewrite the sentences to make them. refer to the past. 1 I must read Richard IIT before my course begins had to read Richard il before my. Vocabulary Expressions with heart, head, and hand 1 Complete the sentences with either head, heart, or hand in the correct form. 1 i'm in my notice. I want a less stressful job 2 You've got to it to her. She always manages to get what she wants! 3. Jess Glynne always puts her singing - it’s why she’ so popular. and soul into her 4 Robin is for disaster if he doesn't sort his finances out soon. 5 The pilot kept his in the storm and landed the plane safely. 6 Fiona is and shoulders above the other children in her class. She’ so intelligent. 7 Jake has no How could he not cry at the end of that film? 8 Kerry is so bi brilliant she is at everything, 9 George has no She's always saying how for figures, but he’ brilliant at languages. 10 Can you give mea lifting this heavy box? 11 Hilary is so selfish It never enters her todo anything for anyone 12 We need to get to the of the matter. Were just going around in circles at the moment. Body idioms 2 Complete the sentences with the parts of the body in the box, uused as verbs, ‘arm elbow eye foot hand head shoulder thumb 1 The teacher class to begin writing. 2 Tmanaged to ‘my way to the front of the crowd, so I got a good view of the procession. 3 havent read the magazine yet. I just to see if there were any interesting pictures. 4 Thelittle boy. his new baby sister with suspicion, She was bald and ugly. 5 They ordered the most expensive thing on the menu because they knew that Fd the bil, 6 Inthe final seconds of the match, Benson__the ball into the back of the net, making it 1-0. 7 The police are ‘with guns in some countries. 8 Téhate to be Prime Minister. I dont think I could the responsibility of making so many important ut the exam papers and told the through it decisions. 68 Unit 10 + Over my dead body! 3 Complete the conversations with the correct body idiom from the box. lastlegs all ears all fingers and thumbs face the facts put on a brave face finding her feet sharp tongue cold feet ‘out of my mind 1 A Cops! Oh, Clare - I'm really sorry! I've just broken your pink coffee cup. Tm today. B Oh, don't worry. I didnt like it anyway. 2 A Ltold my boss that I thought the company vas on its? and would go bust if we didait make some big changes. B_Whoab! I bet he didn't like that. ‘A Well, actually he was? He asked me to say more and give my ideas on the best way forwards. 3A Its nearly midnight and Pve been with worry. Where ie ‘you been, young lady? B Sorry, Dad! The taxi was late bringing us back from the party. 4A Hi, Jake. What’ up with you? Are you all right? B Well, Iwas supposed to be going to ajob interview, and at the last minute I got * and I just couldn't doit 5 A You've just got to : Julie. Your relationship is over. You can't keep on finding excuses for Rob’s bad behaviour. Dorit you thinkI should just for the children’s Sead give him one more chance? A. No, I don't. Enough is enough! 6 A Myson’s new teacher has such a . He’ always coming home in tears because of something she’s said to him, B She’ only just started teaching, so perhaps she’ still [A Well, there still no need to speak so harshly to eight-year-olds. Listen and check.Prepositions Verbs + prepositions 4 Complete the sentences with a verb in its correct form and a preposition. Pronunciation Rhymes and limericks 1 ‘Make rhyming pairs with the words in the box. Listen and check. Verbs Prepositions [ good chief court deaf fool mud height lose knew hank mae ee knows grieve put reign nude said pour weight wool accuse hide | at on 1 should /ud) good 10 food usd trick hug fer to | 2 bread fed! 11 leaf, Jixfl congratulate inherit | from 3 choose fuzz! 12 taught —/out/ a model 4 toes fauz! 13 chef /eff ee se 5 hate —_/eit/ 14 through /u:! 6 tight fait! 15 wore fox! 1 He thanked. the nurse for all her help. 7 full fol 16 brain em’ Ae ee 8 pool —/u:l/ 17 leave fis! your father. You look just like him. 9 blood — /ad/ 18 foot fot! 3 Everyone me passing my driving test at the fourth attempt. 4 My teenage daughter herself ___ her pop idol. She’ had a ring put through her nose, just like him. 5 Dont the truth me. I want to know everything, 6 Scaramanga picked up the gun and it James Bond’s head. ‘Your time is up, Mr Bond!” he said, 7 Weve 300 guests our wedding, 8 [think that TV ads people buying things that they don't really want. 9 Ididntt penny my great uncle when he died. 10. The spectators abuse the referee when he disallowed a goal 11 How can I ever him telling all those lies? 12 My employer me stealing, which I strongly denied. 2 Limericks are short poems with a distinctive ehythm and rhyming pattern (AABBA). Listen and transcribe the lines written in phonetics in these two limericks. THE PELICAN Arare old bird isa pelican His "bik kan hould 'mo: dan hiz 'beli kan/ He kan ‘terk in hiz ‘bit Imaf ‘urd fosr a 'wisk/ ‘And I'm damned if know how the hell he can! The Lady from Twickenham There was a young lady from Twickenham Whose /'fusz. wa: "kwrk mn dom/ She came back from a walk “lukig ‘waite dan fork! And she /tuk dam beud 'nf and waz 'sik in dom! Unit 10 + Over my dead body! 9Just suppose ... © Hypothesizing - wishes and regrets © Word pairs © The 3rd conditional * Similar words, different meanings © unless, supposing, incase ‘© Nouns from phrasal verbs 3 Rewrite the sentences so they have similar meanings. Use the words Language focus ee Hypothesizing - wishes and regrets 1 I'm sorry I didn't invite him to the party. (wish) 1 Use the words from the columns to make seven logical sentences. 2. Why weren't you watching the road? (should) were 3. [regret saying that to her. (if only) van [2u [coud | come You | rch had 4 [shouldn't have hit him. (wish) 5 Idon't want you to tell her. (Ii rather) 6 Idont like it when Mandy stays out so late. (wish) 7 Iregret that I didn't tell him I loved him. (should) 2 Choose the correct alternative in the following sentences. Sometimes two are possible. 1 Treally wish T can / could / was able t speak another language. 2 I wish it wasnt / wouldnt be / ait so cold. 1 hate the winter. 3 Its time we have had / have had a holiday. 4 Our holiday was a disaster Pd rather we didn’t go | hadn't gone | weren't going. 5. The party was brilliant afte you left. You should stay had stayed / have stayed Jonger 6 wish you hadi spoken | didn't speak / wouldn't speak so quickly. I cant follow you. 7 What were you doing on that wall? Supposing you id fallen | would fall hadkit fallen? 8 Shell rather her grandchildren live / lived / had lived nearer. Then she could see them. Hall iy oar es eee: — lap all the trees corre beeadacheese, COhat would wedofordrings 70 Unit 11 Just suppose ...Real and hypothetical past 4. These sentences all have verbs in the Past Simple. Which verbs refer to real past time (R) and which are hypothetical (H)? 1 R_ Did you see Lorenzo when you were in Italy? 2 _H_ Iwish I worked in the open air. 3 ___ Ifyou didnt have a car, would you have to go by bus? 4 ___ When we lived in London, weld always travel bybus. Td rather we lived in a village in the country. Is time we had a new sofa. _— Ifonly you were always as happy as you are today. 8 ___ Why didn't you come to the party? 5 These sentences all have verbs in the Past Perfect. Which refer to real past time (R) and which are hypothetical (H)? 1 ___ wish Ta said that. 2. ___ She asked me if Thad known him for a long time. 3 ___ IfThadnit been in a meeting, fa have taken your call. Ifonly youd arrived five minutes earlier. 5 ___ Iwoke up and realized it had all been a terrible dream. What if they hadn't agreed to give you a pay rise? 7 ___ Had the water risen a bit more, our house would have been flooded. 8 ___ She told me shed been given a kitten for her birthday. 6 Complete the sentences with an auxiliary verb which expresses reality 1 Iwish you didn’t smoke, but you do 2 Twish Tearned more, but I 3 I should have listened to their advice, but 4 Ifonly I could speak Spanish, but I 5. Ifonly he weren't so selfish, but he 6 Twish my car would start, but it 7 Lwish he didn't argue all the time, but he 8 Ifonly I hadnt been fired, but I 9 I wish Ihad a flat of my own, but I 10 Twish I had saved more money, but I Listen and check. Making excuses with the 3rd conditional 7 Rearrange the words to make excuses using the third conditional. 1 phoned / had / had / if / you / have / time / would /1/ the /T 2 woulda / been / if/ hadn't / shellfish / had / 1/1/ have / the / sick. 3 if known / had /1/ the / jumper / machine-washable / wasn't / wouldnt / I / bought / have / it 4 if /it/ own / my / eyes / seen / with / hadn't /1/ wouldn't / believed // have / it 8 Complete the second sentence to express the excuse or regret in a different way. 1 Tim sorry I'm late, I forgot to set the alarm. it 2 [didn’t know your phone number. That's why I didn't contact you. ie. 3 I didn't send you a postcard because I didn't know your address. If 4 Ididnt remember when your birthday was. That's why 1 didn't buy you a present. it 5. Ibroke the speed limit because I was rushing my wife to hospital. If 6 [didnt buy any food because I didn't know you were coming. If 1 didnt know it was going to rain. I went for a run, If, 8 I got sunburnt because I fell asleep in the sun. if Unit 11. + Just suppose ... nThe 3rd conditional in context 10 Mary wants to make it up with Ben, Complete their conversation using a verb from the box in the correct form, Marys disastrous day remember end cancel oversleep forget happen called her into the office and told her that because she wes late, she couldr't go on pemvess a planned business trip to New York the following week. Saly said that she'd decided M Hi, Ben. I'm so sorry. Atishoo! ‘0 send a more reliable person, Everything went wrong for me yesterday. The last straw was Mary was so upset about missing her business trip that she locked herself in the When I found the cat had eaten ladies’ toilet and cried her heart out. Also, she completely forgot that she had the budgie, And in a way that arranged to meet her boyfriend, Ben, for lunch at an italian restaurant. Eventually, she ‘was your fault! dried her eyes and returned to her desk. She looked at her computer screen, but it G Whalwikts ana ‘was totaly out of focus. Then, Mary realized what had happened. The computer was talking about? z all ight, Bt she wasn't She'd lost one of her contact lenses inthe tol. M Well ifyou hadit* ‘Atlast, the day ended. Without her contact lens, Mary had to get the bus home cour relationship, I would because she couldn't see to dive, She waited atthe bus stop for aver an hour in oes the pouring rain and didn’t get home until eight o'clock. Then she realized she had B. Soit’s my fault the budgies ‘a missed call from Ben. She listened to her voicemail. Ben was very angry and dead? Come off it, Mary! If reminded her that this was the third time she had forgotten to meet him. He said youhadnt*___to_ that she clearly did't car for him, and that was the end of their Be ee eee La “ with you, It was felationship. Mary was heartbroken. In tears for the second time that day, she decided to go to bed before anything else could go wrong, However, she forgot to feed the cat. the third time! You obviously dont care about me at all, and Ive had enough. ‘M But, but... it was all Sally Collins fault. Ifshe my trip to New York Twat so upset and ... sob ... atishoo! forgotten our date. B_ Sonowit’s Sally’ fault. Its never your fault! But ~ why did she cancel your trip? ‘The next day, witha streaming cold, she went downstairs to make herself a cup of tea and ‘ound bird feathers everywhere. The poor cat had resorted to desperate measures to get food. It had eaten the budgie! Mary went back to bed and pulled the covers over her head. 9 Mary Brown is a sales executive for a leading cosmetics company. M_ Well, you see, I was late for Listen and read about her disastrous day. Then complete the sentences. work and ... atishooo! 1 Mary wouldnt have overslept if : B_ Isee—late again! Now 1 2 Her business trip wouldn't have been cancelled if. s understand. If you hadn't 3 Ifshe hadn't been so upset, she in the toilet and ’_____ all of this would she Ben for lunch. ayer eesti 4 Ifshed met Ben for lunch, : M OK, OK, I suppose it is all my 5 fshe hadnt cried so much, pores rena 6 She could have driven home if, See 7 If sheld driven home, : bad cold? 8 She wouldn't have caught a cold if M_ Ah, well... thats another story 9 Her boyfriend wouldn't have ended their relationship if Atishoooo! 10 Ifshed remembered to feed the cat, : (OHI Listen and check 72 Unit 11 + Just suppose ...Revision of all conditionals 11 Put the verb in brackets in the correct tense to form either the first, second, third, or zero conditional. Some examples are mixed conditionals. 1 TTstill (feel sick, 1 (not go) on holiday this weekend. 2. You make such delicious chocolate cakes! Ifyou (sell them, you (make) a fortune. 3. Hello, Li Are you still looking for Pat? IfT Gee) her, I (tell) her to come to your office. 4 If Alice University, she husband, Andrew. (not go) to Exeter (not met) her 5 A Does she love her husband? B Ofcourse she does. If she (not love) him, she marry) him. (not 6 Ifyou shampoo, you (buy) to bottles of (Get) one free. 7 A What ifyou BI you (do) (see) a ghost? (run) away! 8 Tfwe (have) SatNav, we (not be) lost. 9) You are lucky to be alive. If you (not have) a smoke alarm, the house (burn down) with you in it, 10. You were very rude to Max. If (be) you, I (apologize). 11 Ashley is allergic to cheese. Ifhe (cat) it, he. (get) arash. 12, We've run out of petrol. Ifyou (stop) to fill up earlier, we (not be) stuck here now. Listen and check, Words other than if 12 3 Conditionals canbe introduced ina variety of ways other than with f Unless means except if Well go fora walk unless trains. Incase means the fist action sa precaution: it happens before the second action might happen. Mitake my umbrella in case trains. ‘Supposing ... /Suppose.../magine ...mean the same as imaginef...? or What f...? ‘They are questions, and they come atthe beginning ofa sentence, ‘Supposing you could goon holiday tomorrow, where would you go? Imagine you wererich what would you buy? Choose the correct word to complete the sentence. 1 Incase | Imagine there were no more wars ~ wouldn't that bbe wonderful? 2 Tm going to take a cushion to the concert, in case / unless the seats are hard 3 Well miss the beginning of the film if/ unless you hurry. 4. Unless | In case you behave, you cant go to the party. 5. In case | Suppose you got lost, what would you do? 6 T'll take a book in case / unless 'm bored on the journey. 7 ‘only / Imagine Thad understood the problem. I'd have done something. 8 Unless / In case you pay this bill in the next fourteen days, court action will be taken. Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets. 1 Lwor't go if they don't invite me. (unless) ev invite me. iteme.|won't go, 2. What would you do if he left you? (supposing) 3. There’ no opportunity for promotion here - itsa shame you didn’t take that job with the other company. (suppose) 4 We're going to install a smoke alarm, There may be a fire. (in case) 5 She won't get that job ifshe doesnt learn to speak French. (unless) 6 If the lifeguard hadn't been there, what would have happened? (imagine) 7 Twont go out this evening. Justin might come round for a drink, (in case) 8. Please speak to Kevin about this matter, not me. (i rather) Unit 11. + Just suppose ...Vocabulary Word pairs 11 Match the word pairs in A and B. A 8 sink | andsee Dior |b andiorall 3 hit |e andaneet 4 wat | andwde save |e orswim 6 by | andtake 7 ins |g andbuts 8 is oe ee a 2 Complete the conversations with the word pairs in 1 1 A What am I going to get for my birthday next week? B You'll have to Its still five days away. 2A The effects of social media have spread B I know. Its incredible! The whole world seems to be on Facebook, Snapchat, or Instagram! 3A I'm not sure about going ahead with this contract. ‘There are too many B Well, there certainly needs to be more ‘on both sides before anyone Signs. 4. A How do you think the new Prime Minister cope with this crisis? B Well its her first big test, and it’s going to be for her. If'she succeeds, itl Silence her critics , but I doubt she will. think her time as Teader might end up being 5 A Sometimes the food in this restaurant is amazing, other times its not so good. Its abit B Yes, but ‘eating here. 6 A [ilove to learn all the of car ‘mechanics. I can change my oil and water, but that’s about it! B Well, you should do a course. It can all get pretty complicated! (OMB Listen and check always enjoy 74 Unit 11 + Just suppose . Similar words, different meaning 3 These adjective pairs are easy to confuse. Complete the sentences with the correct adjectives. unreadable illegible 1 I couldn't work out who the letter was from. The signature was completely 2 I know Shakespeare is very popular, but I find his work totally childish childlike 3. Manisha is so temper tantrums. 4 Itwas wonderful to watch the lambs playing, I got such pleasure from it. _ She’ always having sensible sensitive 5 Sophie is extremely at the moment, Anything upsets her. 6 Fabienne isn'ta very person, She wore high-heeled shoes for our four-mile walk, true truthful Tve never known her to tel a lie. She’ a very person, 8 [find it difficult to watch sad films that are based on a story. They always make me cry. intolerant 9. Susan is so of other people. She never accepts anyone elses opinion, and she always thinks she knows best 10 find Marek’ behaviour Ws unacceptable to be so selfish. intolerable economic economical 11 This country’s inan crisis at the moment. Unemployment is rising and more people are using food banks. 12 Its much more to drive slowly. You get more kilometres for your money.Phrasal verbs Pronunciation Nouns from phrasal verbs Ways of pronouncing ea 1 There are several different ways of pronouncing the spelling 1 There are many nouns formed from phrasal verbs. ea, Look at the examples in the chart below and put the ‘Sometimes the verb comes first, sometimes second. words into the correct column, make-up downfall upbringing check-in drawback outbreak takeaway bread = meat fear wear break learn 2 Sometimes the noun elated to the phrasal verb. dear thread pearl leap tear (n)_bear Where the checkin for ritsh Airways? ear leapt tear(v) cheat heal_—-meant (ve checked us alin online so that should save time at scream clear health reason steak deaf the airport =related great search breath death gear_—_ swear breathe earth jealous theatre breadth beast 3 Sometimes the noun not related othe phrasal verb Tent ene lead(v) weary hear beard lead (n)_ weapon Goes tea beans jeans breakfast Draw back the curtains and et the sunshine in (drawback = oper) a E il I dontuse much make-up. oad ae Pa Imadeupa story. 4. Complete the sentences with the nouns in the box. ‘outcome breakthrough outbreak takeaway Teal rel Pail check-up breakdown comeback feedback outlook downfall wear break lear 1 The of communication between ‘management and workers means the strike will continue. 2. His career has suffered recently, but with a new IHG Listen an album anda world tour, hes determined to make SAMNK Listen and check 4—__§__. 2 Which words from 1 can you find in the picture? 3 Igo to the dentist twice a year fora : 4 The of the local elections is that the Green Party has won 12 new seats. 5 The weather should be fine over the next few days and the for the weekend is warm and sunny. 6 There has been an of salmonella, infecting 83 people in just over two weeks. 7 There has been a significant in the search to find a cure for breast cancer. 8 Online companies often ask customers for because it is a quick and cheap way of doing market research. 9. Icanit be bothered to cook let’ have an Indian for supper. 10. He used to be a highly successful athlete, but using ‘too many drugs was his Unit 11 + Just suppose ... 75© Articles * Determiners © Demonstratives Language focus Articles 4, the, or zero article? 1 Complete the sentences with a, the, or nothing (zero article). 1 Excuse me! Is there supermarket near here? 2. A We haven't got any milk. B I'm going to supermarket this morning. I'l get some. 3 Ha this morning? My brother works as postman, postman been 5 We've seen a house we want to move to. Its got views over fields, and there lovely garden at back 6 A Where's Nick? Bin back garden, 7 Lwant dog to protect myself against burglars. 8 Tony joined Police Dog Unit because he likes working with dogs. ‘We went out for meal last night. food was excellent. [dont usually like Chinese food, but duck was superb, 10 For me, food is one of life's greatest pleasures, Listen and check. 76 Unit 12 + About time! About time! ‘© Ways of combining nouns ® Life and time ® Common verbs - be and have Articles in context 2 Read about Norway’ young billionaires. Complete the article with 4, an, the, or nothing So much, so young You're never too young to be ‘a billionaire, especially in Norway! World are all under 25 total wealth of * ‘The top three youngest billionaires in* and are all Norwegian — with * 43.4 billion pounds. ‘The Andresen sisters, Katharina, 22, and Alexandra, 21, are’. richest youngsters in the world. Alexandra is *_______ world's youngest billionaire. ‘Their father, Johan, owns” ‘company called Ferd, whieh is ‘ investment company. He also has * impressive real estate portfolio. Johan transferred most of his money equally to his, daughters in 2005, ‘Alexandra is * ambitious horse-rider and is a member of Norway's Olympic dressage team. She also likes getting dressed up and partying with her friends, just like any other 21-year-old, Katharina is” pair of ®. collector of expensive shoes, She has ‘Gucci loafers, which cost £750. Both girls love " dogs. They have five between them ~ all pedigree and all with expensive price tags. %s__ girls live at home with their mother and father and, of ‘course, the dogs!Determiners all, every, either, neither, both, each 3 Underline the correct answer to complete the sentences. 1 Anna is such a show-off, She thinks she knows all | everything. 2 My driving test was a complete disaster. All/ Everything ‘went wrong. 3 All/ Everything I want for my birthday is to lie in bed until midday. 4 Tim starving, All Everything I've eaten today isa packet of crisps. 5 Megan couldn't believe her luck. All/ Every topic she had revised came up in the exam, 6 Thave six grandchildren. All / Every of them are lovely, but each / every of them isa litte bit different. 7 You can borrow either / each the Audi or the Saab. ‘They*e all / both in the garage. 8 A Tdon'tlike Tom. B Meeither/neither! 9 Tknow the words of every / ail her songs by heart. 10 A Tea or coffee? B Either | Neither, thanks. I've got to go in a minute to catch my train, 11 A Red wine or white? B Either / Neither, whichever is open. 12 know either / both Tom and his brother, but I don't like both / either of them, isten and check. Gustay Magnar Witzoe owes his wealth to salmon, His father owned 53% of the Norwegian salmon-producing company, Salmar, and gifted Gustay astake in company in 2013, ___ 24-year-old enjoys good things in life. He plays * golf, loves travelling and is interested in fashion. He also has *, tattoo (he likes tattoos!) Demonstratives this, that, these, those 4 Complete each gap with this, that, these, or those. 1 Tloved the nineties. [had such fun, were the days! 2 Fancy ! Pve just won £30 in a competition! 3 Ive got an idea. Let’ go to the beach and take a picnic for lunch. How does grab you? 4 You just can't get proper sausages days. 5 Do you remember time we surprised you on your birthday? 6 Listen to It says in the paper that life has been found on Mars. 7 Lwas in the pub last night when bloke came up to me and asked me out for dinner. 8 I got caught speeding today, and then lost my phone. It just been one of, days 9A Who’ at the door? B I think its Dawn, She said she might pop round. 10. A Ahh! My car's broken down and my phone’ run out of charge, B Ahwell, Listen and check, things are sent to try us. Unit 12 + About time! 7> Revision of articles, determiners, and demonstratives in context 5 Look at the poster and read about the film Searching for Sugar Man. Who was Rodriguez? Complete the article with the words in the boxes. Rodriguez was one of the greatest 70s rock icons, but it took the world a long time to discover him - over 40 years, in fact! acouple of the (x2) his little agreat deal of this several enough Rodriguez was frst discovered in Detroit, Michigan, in “the late 60s by * | _ well-known music producers who were struck by 4_____ touching music and expressive lyrics. There was*________ anticipation ‘whien he recorded his first album, Cold Fact. in 1970. It included his best-known song, Sugar the some more anything nobody his (Over the next two decades, his popularity grew. Rodriguez had "____fans than Elvis Presley and the Beatles, but "____knew who he was or about him. There were even ”____ rumours that he had taken * own life whilst on the staget ‘This was, of course, before the advent of the Intemet, ‘Today, a search on Google would have quickly uncovered 2 ‘information, Man.* song earned « good reviews and Rodriguez. was compared to Bob Dylan. Unfortunately, this wasn’t” of a recommendation to ensure its success, and | album bombed in the US. A second album, Coming from Realigy, also had *___ sucess in the US, and Rodriguez disappeared into obscusity, every no the a many both this ‘However, unbeknown to him, Rodriguez’s two albums had artived in South Aftica, where ™___of them had become hugely popular in the 1970s." success was ‘mainly because the powerful music and lyrics refleced so well he message ofthe anti-apartheid movement of the time. Despite there being »_promotion at all on ”. radio, word of the albums spread, and over half a ‘millon records were sold, Nearly *. student in South Affica owned ™___ copy of Cold Fact. Rodriguer’s music influenced | __ageneration of fans, just as jimi Hendrix's songs hhad become important to *___of the us ‘troops in Vietnam, 78 Unit 12 » About time! the a an one most these all some ‘The riddle of Rodriguez is what the documentary film Searching for Sugar Man sets out to solve. Aftet years of searching, Swedish director Malik Bendjelloul finaly discovered the singer-songwiter alive and well, and stil living in Detroit, where he worked as ‘builder and had brought up three daughters. It was * of * daughters who filed in *___of the blanks about his life. Sugar Man has made a remarkable comeback. There isnow”_______ official Sugar Man website. His albums have been re-teleased and are available to his fans over the world, and Searching for Sugar Man won Best Documentary in®____ 2013 Oscars. Rodriguez is also touring again, and at prestigious ‘venues! He appeared at Glastonbury in 2013, the London Palladium in 2016, the Klein Memorial ‘Auditorium in 2017, and the Royal Albert Hall in 2018, where tickets sold out in a few days! Audiences always chant for Sugar Man, Rodriguez's ‘most famous smash hit. Rodriguez might be in his seventies, but his time has definitely come - better late than never! | | |Ways of combining nouns 1 There ae three main ways we can put nouns together. '3 Sometimes there isa changein meaning. nnoun + noun. the at's food = the food that belongs to one particular cat postofice The dog has eaten the cat's food. hheadache cat food = fo0d for cats in general face-ift Can you buy some more eat food when you go out? eee 4 Weuse the noun + noun pattern (compound nouns) for we everyday established combinations. ie ere alovefilm — ahorrorfilm Se neea eat res tong aa er OTe DO Cie PS Irregular verbs Base form PastSimple __Past participle Base form Past Simple be was /were ‘been leave left beat beat beaten lend lent become became become let let begin began begun lie lay bend bent bent light lighted lighted / it bite bit bitten lose lost lost blow blew blown make made made break broke broken mean meant meant bring brought brought meet met met build buitt bul must hadto had to buy bought bought pay paid pad can could been able put put put catch caught ‘caught read itis read red! read red! choose chose chosen ride rode ridden come came come ring rang sung cost cost cost tise rose tisen cut cut cut un ran un dig dug ug say said sald do did done see saw seen draw drew raw sell sold sold ‘ream ‘dreamed /dreamt dreamed / dreamt send sent sent rink drank drunk set set set rive drove riven shake shook shaken eat ate eaten shine shone shone fall fall fallen shoot shot shot feed fed fed show showed shown feel felt fet shut shut shut fight ought fought sing sang sung find found found sink sank sunk fit fit ft sit sot sat ty few flown sleep slept slept forget forgot forgotten slide slid slid forgive forgave forgiven speak spoke spoken freeze froze frozen spend spent spent get got got spall spoiled /spoit spoiled /spotit ove gave given spread spread spread 90 went been /gone stand stood stood grow grew grown steal stole stolen hang hhanged/ hung hanged / hung stick stuck stuck have had had swim swam swum hear heard heard take took taken hide bid hidden teach ‘taught taught hit bit hit tear tore torn hold held held tell told told hur hurt hurt think thought thought keep kept kept throw thew thrown, kneel knelt ket understand Understood understood know knew known wake woke woken lay laid laid wear wore worn lead led led win wor won learn learned learnt learned learnt write wrote written 84 Irregular verbs> Phonetic symbols Consonants Vowels 1 fpf asin pen /pen! 25 fix/ asin — see/six! 2 fof asin big /big/ 260 ft asin his /hiz/ 3 iti asin tea/tix/ 27° fi! asin twenty/"twentif 4 iy asm ola ee cakes 5 iki asin cat /kat/ 29° fe) asin stamp/stemp/ 6 igi asin — go/gau/ 30 fax asin father /fa:do/ 7 ee irre Bot wh botha co en evra 3 fod in momingmoonl oa ee conan 33 sin otal th 10 ff asin mola! 3ohuy asin yourju ea aa asin live /liv/ 35) /af asin sun/san/ ee ee Sa an eau 13° /n/ asin near /nia/ 37) Jaf asin letter /"leta/ 1a) asin Rapp! hepi 15 ff asin red /red/ 16 ii! asin yes/jes/ Diphthongs (two vowels together) i Se eee! ae 18/6) asin thanks /@xenks/ geese eee 19/8! asin the /a/ ea a ayia 20) ain shel St aot asin owhau! 21 iy) asin eleson teva i ba 2 i asin ena oe ee 23 (hy) asin German’'gasmon! See tae 24 In) asin Englsh/ngh! ee ee sales Phonetic symbols 85,OXFORD ‘Great Clarendon Steet, Oxford. ox2 60, United Kingdom (Oxford University Press isa department of the University of Oxford lefurters the Universi objective of excellence in esearh, soars, and education by publishing worldwide Onfordisa registred trade ‘mark of Oxford University Pres in the UK and in certain other counties (© Oxford University Press 2019 ‘The mora rights ofthe author hve been asserted Fist poblished in 2019 oxy 2023 021 2020 2039 ‘No unauthorized photocopying ‘Allright reserved. No part ofthis publication may be reproduced stored ina eirieral sytem, of transmitted, inany form or by any means, without ‘the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press or as expressly permitted by av, by cence oF under tens agreed with the appropdate eprographics ight organization. Enquiries conceming reproduction outside the scope ofthe above shoul be sent othe ELT Rights Department, Oxford Universiy Press, athe address above ‘You must ot ezclate this workin any other frm and you must impose {his same coniton on any acces Links to third party websites are proved by Oxford in good faith and for {information only Oxford disclaims any responsibly forthe materials contained in any third party website referenced in his work san: gro 194547598 Printed in China ‘This books printed on paper from certified and wellmanaged sources ace cover toga Oxford University Press buildingyDavid Fisher nt eve paagraph: Get Images {woman smilingaime Hoje Le) ‘The publhr woud tothe lowing for permison repre potograps 123K p.38(Choneschones Alamy Images p.12 (Sorin Cola, 1 (ile of| rubbishMare Brel, 16 taxifustln Kase 2122, 19(Caia mage, 20 (6m ‘oster|AF Archive), 21 (Geonge and Clarenefasshoase Images, fay] AF Archive, 25 Catch mei you can postesfAF Archie), 43 patfomyEye ‘Ubiquitous, 45 (ainack Hodhouse,61 (Duran Duran concert boarjamanda ‘rose, coupe rnity Miror/Mirrorp), 7 (stil light), lesb wrung) [et Banal, magnifying glsfadrian brockeel), Sugar Man Bim poster Everett Collection In) Cartoonstoek pp.2 Joe Kohl, 32 ke Flanagan), 45 Baldwin, 35(Mark Lyne), 77 Alex Matthews) 79(Dave Carpenter Gets images pp foysSean Mar. (man collecting rubbishyNamgal SherpajAF, 34 (Hero Images, 36[Coltra RM ExcusivejellowdogiCaltra Exel) 42 (Shishine ForrestGetty Images Internationa) 4 (Lolita) Shapecharge[} 49 (Daisy Das) 77 parey/ashpopiDigialVision, dressage) Somogyranv: Prestige Fes pl (Road Reese Shutterstock pp. (lag Jing. womans4svsuas, coupleDara Chchkareral 9Tokyo/SKyearth) ‘aboyiNagy-Bagly Arpad. couple Vostockstudo,1planeJagcz man boards walnyArts tfusrated Studios) 18 fblicoptrTim Rooke, Prince WiliamRen 23 combyFads2,combV ctor Z vom Bran Ge), 24(Greg PaceBED, 25 musicaeff Christensen, 28 StonningAr), 33 (VGrtockstudio, 35 Galina Barskaya), (swim faykpayZuma} 43 Tanas6) 44 (More Than Production), 50(fagazylama, Usain Blyetr Toman), 3 tyre tack) ‘abe denis Kn, 4 people by waterfall Starichenko), 64 Nosway Jandseapelandscape Nature Photo), 6 (Rhianna Shaw smiljGeotsey Robinson}, 67 (Rhianna Shaw reseueiGeofTiey Robinson), 72 shocked woman) Marjan Apostolove cat and budgilzbiet Sekowska, hiding in bedSergey Peterman}, 7 (smonrssow, fashion showSam Aronor}, 78 Rodrigues] ‘Red Hoxasson{CanfelaKobal, 80 stages of iMajvecka: Trunk pe ease) Christian Van Hanjldgerider 5. ‘uations by: Peter Bul pp 9,1: Simon Cooper 8; John Haslam pp.10,17, 25,37, 52, 62 68,75 Joanna KerNew Division p39; Kipper Willams Pp.29, Tae authors and pls ae agi thse wh have gen person io reproduce theless an adapatons of pyrite ‘i Adaped fom are Expornc: Twas buried alive in an avalanche" by ‘Rhianna Sh 4 May 2018, ww theguardan com, copyeight Guardian News {Media 2019, reprinted by permission. (p0 Adapted fom article "Sal ng can moral 1 random acs of kindness bbyBlena Cres and Guardian readers jn, 10 November 2013, ww ‘heguardian com. copyright Guardian News & Media 2018, repented by permission. pS Adapted fo Abr sory af eerily 207 ps wercopen-edy ‘penlearnmoneyemanagementianagemenifusinesstis/bet Sor ‘Stvertising, copyright Tse Open Universi. reprinted by permission. 157 Adapted quotation fom Jesse Diggins reprinted by kind permission of ‘Chiago Spor Entertainment Parenes, Sues p.30hupsoarwiceacul p42 wwwspecsavers.co.uk, p33 ‘wrewolympic org p7e ww businesinsldercom, pA wae forbes. com Alu vey fort has or mode to ace and cata cpyrigh alder ore cto, ths has nt be pasa ome cases We api fr any apparent Infngemen of apr ond rote, publisher wl be sed rec a) rors ors othe ares oppo.