Basics of Valves & its

Application
Role of Valves in the Industry

➢ Use in the piping system to Isolate, Regulate the fluid flow .

Other than above, Valve also performs other vital role in Process
Industries

➢ Act as a safety device

• To the Pressurized equipment like vessel, lines etc.

• To the centrifugal pump like Non return valve , foot valve, Knife Gate
valve etc.

60% of Fugitive Emissions are from valves & 15% from Relief Valves
80% are from Valve stem & 20% are from other joints of valves

Valves
Application of
Valve
➢ These valve are used to stop the flow or isolate a portion of the system.
➢ The basic design requirement of isolation valve is to offer minimum resistance to
flow in fully open condition and to exhibit tight shut off characteristics when fully
closed.
Rising Stem Type Gate Valve

Available in large number at the process

industry.
Use in all type of liquids as well as gas,
steam application.
Frequent problem in these valve are :
• Wearing of Disk/ Back pressure
• Leakage through gland packing in
running & shut off condition
• Leakage through bonnet gasket during
plant start up or during commissioning.
• Top of gland packing during leakage
makes valve operation difficult
Isolation Valves
Single Piece Ball Valve

• Available in large number at the

process plant
• Widely used in Chemical , water &
Gas application, never in high
temperature service >150Deg C
Frequent Problem in these Valves:
• Leakage from gland packing
• Leakage from Body & Bonnet
Gasket.

Isolation Valves
Plug Valve
• Due to minimum parts , easy in
maintenance
• Quick to operation
• Offers minimal resistance to flow
• Provides reliable leak tight service
• Multiple port design helps reduce
number of valves needed and permits
change in flow direction
Problem in these valves
• Requires greater force to actuate, due
to high friction
• Typically, plug valves may cost more
than other valves
Application
• Gas, Liquid ,Steam & vacuum services
• Coal slurries, mineral ores, mud, and
sewage .
• Highly corrosive to highly explosive
chemicals. Isolation Valves
• Good for bubble tight service .
Piston Valve

• The upper valve ring provides the stem

seal, while the lower valve ring seals
the passage
• Widely used in Superheated &
Saturated Steam service.
• Chemicals, Slurry, Gas , Diathermic oil
service also.
Isolation Valves
• Able to handle turbulence in the flow.
• As of now maintenance free valve
 Rising Stem Type Globe Valve Butterfly valve

PTFE lined butterfly valve found in Acid

Regulating
& Alkaline services
More leakage through Gland Packing in Valves
PTFE lined valves are not repairable
Globe valve Except gasket and GP replacement
Pressure Safety Valve Pressure Reducing Valve

• Available in large number in the Industry

• Without these valve process safety is not possible.
• Bonnet gasket experience large back pressure
• Chances of gasket blown out is high
• Safety / Relief
Generally Maintenance person prefer OEM
recommend gasket Valves
Non return valve or Check valve both are same
• Available in large number in the plant( Process plants, Automobile paint shop )
• Without these valves centrifugal pump performance will reduces
• Choking of these valve is normal and very quick during slurry/ polymer / viscous
product so top cover dismantling for cleaning is normal & gasket consumption is high.

Gasket

Non Return
Valve
 Fugitive emissions are emissions of gases or vapors from pressurized
equipment due to leaks and other unintended or irregular releases of gases,
mostly from industrial activities. As fugitive emissions contribute to air pollution

Today Petrochemicals, Refinery's, Fertilizers became more sincere and concern about
the Fugitive emission as compare to chemical plants. Fugitive
Today standards are available for valve qualification for fugitive emissions.
API 624/ ISO15848/ API641 Emission
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