Concepts of Home Economics
Home economics is a discipline Areas of Specialization in Home
which is explicitly concerned with the
family and all aspects of family living.
From the time it was founded in 1902
during the Lake Placid Conference and
until the present, its basic mission is still to
improve individual and family life amid
changing social, political, economic and
physical conditions. It is accomplished
through “the study of laws, conditions,
principles and ideals which are concerned
on the one hand with man’s immediate
physical environment, his nature as a social
being and the relationship between the two
factors” (East, 1980).
Its broad areas of concern revolve
around the goal of helping families meet
their basic needs and realize satisfying
personal, family and community goals
based on an understanding of the physical,
psychological and socio-economic needs of
the family in the Philippine cultural setting
(FAO, 1955) Home economics was
founded for the purpose of helping
individuals and families relate to change.
Its uniqueness lies in the holistic view of
daily living of individuals and families.
Issues are approached both from its
physical or material and relational
dimension of life and their interaction
(Florencio, 1995). The UP College of
Home Economics in 1990 collectively
defined home economics as “the The UP
Journal of Home Economics Vol. 25, 1998,
pp. 21-34 study of families and the
management of resources available to them
for the satisfaction of basic needs in
changing environments” (UP CHE, 1996).
Economics
Cooking
Since food preparation was central
to homemaking, cooking is one of the
earliest disciplines in home economics.
Early home economics programs taught
women how to cook a balanced meal, and
included food safety and preservation.
Additionally, they studied how to properly
set a table and learned how to host meals,
not only for their immediate families, but
for larger groups as well. This element of
traditional economics still exists today for
both men and women in culinary schools,
culinary programs for family and consumer
sciences students, and in nutrition degrees.
Child Development
In addition to cooking and nutrition,
home economics students were taught how
to rear children. This included learning
about the stages of child development and
how to correctly respond to children at each
stage. Today, students who study family
and consumer sciences still learn child
development, which has become so
significant that it is, in many places, it's
own major.
Education and Community Awareness
Since women were the first
educators for their children, teaching them
basic reading and math skills before they
entered school, it was significant for them
to understand how best to teach these skills.
Though education and community
awareness, which included moral and
ethical lessons, were originally a part of the
home economics education, it has become
so significant today that elementary
education has branched into its own field of
study -- but one that is still dominated by
women.
Home Management and Design
Early women who studied home
economics learned the the elements of
design in order to better decorate and care
for their homes. This area of study also
included cleaning and organization, which
was significant because homemakers were
expected to keep the house clean and
organized. Today, individuals who study
family and consumer sciences use these
skills to enter design fields where they
thrive as designers, decorators, organization
gurus and real estate staging experts.
Sewing and Textiles
Another of the earliest skills taught
to home economics students, sewing was
significant to the lesson plans because
many women sewed not only their own
clothes, but clothes for their children.
Additionally, this skill came in handy when
clothing needed mending. Because patterns
require certain types of materials, an
understanding of textiles was useful. This
element of the traditional areas of home
economics is still relevant today as family
and consumer science majors enter and
thrive in fashion design and merchandising
fields.
Budgeting and Economics
In addition to cooking, child rearing,
home planning and sewing, home
economics students learned how to budget.
Because women did all, or most, of the
family shopping, they were expected to
understand how to spend wisely and make
the most judicious use of available funds.
Today, this traditional element of home
economics is still relevant in family and
consumer science programs as students
learn to properly budget, balance and invest
income.
Health and Hygiene
In addition to caring for the home,
students who studied home economics
learned how to properly care for sick family
members. This included sanitation, keeping
the sick family member fed and quarantined
from the healthy, and at-home treatments
for common illnesses. Today, some family
and consumer science programs offer this
information to students, though it is not
commonly its own area of study any longer.
Career Opportunities in Different
Areas of Home Economics
Dressmaking and Tailoring
Dressmaking
Dressmaking is defined as the craft
of sewing clothes and dresses. An example
of dressmaking is the art of sewing a
beautiful dress from fabric.
Importance of Dressmaking
The best reason for learning to sew
is the sense of accomplishment that comes
from creating something handmade.
Sewing gives you power over a limited
decorating budget. It opens creativity when
you sew a simple garment. Over time,
sewing can save you money by providing a
means for making gifts
Tailoring
 the workmanship or skill of a tailor
or the occupation of a tailor.
Importance of Tailoring
Tailoring is an important aspect of
fashion designing course which emphasizes
more on the style or cut of the garment and
then sewn as per the fitting and body
measurements. As a result, many women
are stuck with clothes that are an
approximate fit but not exactly the best fit.
Difference between Dressmaking and
Tailoring
The difference between a tailor and
dressmaker is primarily their clientele. A
dressmaker specializes in clothes for
women, and a tailor makes clothes for men.
Males and females have different body
shapes that call for a different approach to
pattern making, garment cutting and
construction
Equipment’s needed for Dressmaking
and Tailoring
Tape Measure, Pins, Sewing Needle,
Dressmaker Shears, Dressmaker pencil,
Tailor’s chalk, Iron and Ironing board,
Sewing machine
Commercial Cooking
Commercial cooking operations are
defined as kitchens that have cooking
equipment that produces grease and grease-
laden vapors. This includes flat grills, char
broilers, and deep fat fryers. With this
equipment comes a risk of kitchen fires.
Importance of Commercial Cooking
Cooking in commercial setups is
unlike cooking in your kitchen. It is a group
activity and requires all the traits that make
any teamwork successful. This includes
having leadership skills, time management
and the ability to plan and execute elaborate
menus. Students are trained in these aspects
Three main categories of Commercial
Cooking
1. Quick Service
2. Full Service
3. Noncommercial
Handicraft
It is a type of craft where people make
things using only their hands or basic tools.
The items are usually decorative and have a
particular use. Usually the term refers to
traditional methods of making things. The
items often have cultural or religious value.
Examples of handicrafts
Pottery
one of the oldest and most widespread of
the decorative arts, consisting of objects
made of clay and hardened with heat.
Weaving
is a method of textile production in which
two distinct sets of yarns or threads are
interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or
cloth.
Tatting
is a technique for handcrafting a
particularly durable lace from a series of
knots and loops.
Macramé
Macramé is a form of textile produced
using knotting (rather than weaving or
knitting) techniques.
The primary knots of macramé are
the square (or reef knot) and forms of
"hitching": various combinations of half
hitches. It was long crafted by sailors,
especially in elaborate or ornamental
knotting forms, to cover anything from
knife handles to bottles to parts of ships.
Crochet
Crochet is a process of creating textiles by
using a crochet hook to interlock loops of
yarn, thread, or strands of other materials.
Front Office Service
The front office represents the customer-
facing division of a firm. For example,
customer service, sales, and industry
experts who provide advisory services are
considered part of a firm's front office
operations. The functions of the front office
generally generate the majority of revenue
for a firm.
Corporate functions
such as the offices of a firm executive
management
Public relation
managing relationship with stakeholders
such as inventors’ regulators and the media
Marketing the process of developing and
promotion products and services
Sales selling to the customer and support
functions such as sales operation
Wealth management teams involved in
managing money for clients at banks
Trading market f
acing team such as equity or derivatives
trading
Research
the research teams of investment banks
that provide estimate and advice to clients
Customer service customer support
functions
such as the front desk of a hotel
https://education.seattlepi.com/did-
mesopotamias-geography-lead-its-
development-6650.html
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OLEANDCONTRIBUTIONOFHOMEEC
ONOMICSTONATIONALDEVELOPME
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one-should-learn-to-sew/
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%20things.&text=Handicraft
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%20contrasted%20with%20mass
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institute

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%20dressmaker%20is%20primarily
%20their,making%2C%20garment
%20cutting%20and%20construction.

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CommercialCooking.pdf

https://medium.com/@vit.education.in/the-
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