Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dutch Vocabulary
Dutch Vocabulary
net
A Dutch
Vocabulary
BRUCE DONALDSON
B.A. (Western Australia) Litt. Drs. (Utrecht)
A AEPress
~ Melbourne, 1983
http://uz-translations.net
PREFACE
This little book, although extremely fundamental in approach and intent. is all the
more remarkable by virtue of the fact that no such work has ever been compiled for
the learning of Dutch. Numerous such vocabularies exist for French, German. Italian
and Spanish, but Dutch seems always to have been the Cinderella of the
languoges of Western Europe. I hope hereby to rectify thot situation in some small
way.
This book is intended for the English-speaking students of Dutch wherever they
reside in the world and whatever course being followed; i.e. whether at a
secondary or tertiary educational institution, ottending a private course, or home
study. It is designed to supplement the limited vocabulary that all grammars are
forced by necessity to use. In my opinion it is imperative that formal explanation of
the grammar should be accompanied by some form of systematic vocabulary
learning where a choice has been made by an experienced teacher of Dutch
between basic everyday vocabulary that should be learnt immediately, and that
which can be left to the student to pick up later from his own interactions with
native speakers and from reading. I have made such a choice here, grouping
common vocabulary items under general topics.
By systematically working his way through this book, and at the some time following
a course in the language based on any of the existing grammars or language
laboratory methods. the student should build up a good working vocabulary which
is free of the esoteric, and often difficult items which make dictionaries so
complicated to use for people starting out in a new language . This is no substitute
for a dictionary of course. but a dictionary is not a substitute for a book such as this
either.
The words have been put into groups of ten on overage - sometimes there are as
few as eight and sometimes as many as twelve; to have stuck rigidly to ten would
have forced me at times to leave out useful words or include some not so useful
ones . Such grouping of the items should assist learning; for instance one can set
oneself the task of learning one or two or more units a day and thus get a feeling of
progress . By having grouped the words further under broad general topics. it should
be practical for example for teachers to set essays on those topics in which the
student can attempt to use as many of the given words as possible. A further
advantage of grouping the words under general topics is the avoidance of
ambiguity of meaning . Many words have a variety of meanings depending on
context. but usually the meaning of a particular word is clear in this instance
because of the other words in its ViCinity. On occasions it was necessary. for the
sake of clarity, to footnote individual vocabulary items, but this has been kept to a
minimum .
The choice of words to be incorporated into or leff out of a book such as this is
somewhat arbitrary and Subjective. Even computer compiled frequency lists are
subjective because they are based on arbitrarily chosen newspapers. magazines.
novels eic. lists compiled in that way often grossly distort reality . To toke a
hypothetical example. one could well find that if a frequency list for Dutch were
based on any of the well-known dailies of Holland , one would probably find that
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gosbel (gas bubble) and in ffotie (inflation) would be included while spruifje
(Brussels sprout) and wekker (alarm c lock) would be left out. This list of 2860 words
- my original goal was ± 3000 - is based on fwo Inevitably subjective factors:
firstly my experience as a teacher of Dutch at tertiary level over a period of ten
years and secondly. and more importantly in my opinion, my perception of Dutch
as a non-native-speaker of the language. Non-native-speakers are in a better
position than natives to assess what is necessary vocabulary and what can be left
till later, what one merely needs to know passively and what one must also be able
to use actively .
The subject of choosing items for inclusion or exclusion brings me to a very difficult
and important problem that I was continually confronted with . Certain words are so
important as to be indispensable to the foreigner living and learning Dutch in
Holland e.g. boerenkoOI(curly kole) and BTW(Value Added Tax), whereas such
concepts are Quite possibly unknown to the American, or Australian or South
African who has never been to Europe a nd may never go. On the other hand, a
'mop' Is an everyday cleaning instrument, in Australia anyway, which I felt Inclined
to include, but the Dutch don·t know the implement. The dictionary will tell you that
a 'mop' is a stokdweil, but that is not exactly what we cali a 'mop'. When waShing
floors the Dutch simply use a dweil (floor-Cloth) which is something which I for one
do not possess or have ever used . Most Dutch people would probably translate
'sandwich' with boterham but a Dutch boterhom consists of only one slice of bread,
which, what is more, is usually eaten with a knife and fork . Ten Bruggencate's
dictionary renders sandwich as follows: twee sneetjes brood met iets ertussen;l thus
the word sandwich wi!! not be found in my corpus. Such problems are of course to
be expected when attempting to equate one culture with another.
Deciding which Dutch words to include wos actually only holf the problem; now
they should be translated turned out to be no mean task. As this book will be
marketed throughout the English-speaking world, it was often difficult, even
impossible, to decide which English translation would be universally acceptable .
Zwembroek, for example, would be translated differently even from state to state
within the Commonwealth of Australia, so it was impossible for me to know exactly
what one says In Britain and America, and even had I known this, space would not
have permitted all alternatives . I thus opted for a neutral descriptive translation,
swimming trunks, although I would not personally ever use that expression . In such
instances the reader will simply have to substitute the word most commonly used
where he or she is living. I have certainly always done my best to avoid peculiarly
Australian expressions where I was aware that our use of English differs from
overseas e.g. snoepje - sweet, piece of candy, whereas in Australia one would
soy 'lolly' . I am reasonably confident that my translations will be generally
acceptable to Britishers, but mv limited knowledge of American English has
undoubtedly led to some expressions sounoing unfamiliar to inhabitants of that
continent. I have, however, kept American usage in mind wherever possible
e.g. kroan - tap, faucet .
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In cases where it is not immediately obvious where the stress falls on a word, the
syllable to be stressed Is printed in bold type. I have not for instance indicated stress
In a word like begrijpen, but I have in hengelen, g itaar and p a spoort, because,
although those words do not have on irregular stress like stadhu/s and
burgemeester, they are nevertheless words which the non-native-speaker may be
inclined to stress incorrectly. The stress in verbs such as ultdrukken is always given ,
thereby indicating that they are separable .
The symbol ' indicates a strong or irregular verb. It would have been unwieldy to
give the principal ports of all irregular verbs and to indicate whether they toke
hebben, zijn or both in the perfect tense. Such information can usually be quite
easily gleaned from dictionaries and grammars .
Where more than one translation of a Dutch word is g iven. a comma is used to
separate synonyms. Wherever a semi-colon is used. however, what follows is on
alternative meaning of that Dutch word e.g. p aprika-pepper, capsicum;
paprika .
In conclusion, a word about the illustrations. They are intended first and foremost
simply to liven up the pages of this book. Such a book can easily become tedious to
learn from - after all, vocabulary learning is hard work, but the sight of on amusing
sketch with a relevant sub-title is psychologically relieving and at the same time the
expressions being illustrated are all the more likely to stay in the student's mind . AU
the captions which accompany the illustrations attempt to illustrate an important
point of grammar or particular Idiom in addition to using in context some of
the words given on the page . Translations of the Dutch captions are given on
page 6.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
My thanks are due In the first instance to Peter Dodds of Melbourne for supplying me
with the many charming drawings that will, I hope, help endear this little book to all
who use It . In addition I would like to thank Rolph Martens of Melbourne for his
careful scrutiny of the English translations as well as Paul van der Plank of leiden and
Anita van Leeuwen of Utrecht for the assistance they offered in ensuring that the
corpus of Dutch words is current and correct.
Bruce Donaldson
ABBREVIATIONS
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1 TRANSLATIONS OF CAPTIONS 130 A deserted island with coconut palms
133 The stream meanders through the
1 Numbers refer to the first section 01 the page.
i, country-side
136 There's a thunder-storm
1 A rolled-up sleeve 139 A rainbow has just appeared
I, 4 The Scots wear such a skirt
7 Formers wear clogs
142 The doctor is examining a patient
145 The priest has caught a cold
! 10 A small chest full of fabulous jewels 148 One can change foreign curencies at
i 13
16
The woiter is serving a customer
Somebody who sells used cars
this bonk
151 He put a coin in his money-box
19 This old couple hove been marr ied for 154 This piOUS monk is praying
forty-two years 157 The Christmas tree haS been nicely
22 A very old man with a walking slick in his decorated
hond 160 Tulips bloom in spring
25 The toddler is crowling on the tloor 163 These three indoor plants are on the
28 The two young people are very mUCh in w indow sill
love with each other 166 A wreath for a dead person
31 The kiddies have finally fallen asleep 169 The Easter Bunny carries his eggs in a
34 This labourer hos a hoiry chest basket
37 He has a blister on his heel 172 He's crying because he has foiled on
40 English judges always wear wigs exam
43 lOOk whOI you con do with chewing 175 The teacher is writing something on the
g,m board
46 The cake tastes really delicious 178 The professor is somew hat absent-
4Q He's hoving a sip of apple juice minded
52 He's full ; he's eaten too many vege- 181 The Greek alphabet is very difficult, isn't
tables it?
55 A caterpillar feels at home in a pear 184 This Jew speaks Hebrew and lives in
58 Please give me real coffee, not instant Israel
coffee 187 The typist can type very well
61 Delicious cheese from Switzerland 190 On this shelf are two copies o f the same
I 6A A slice of bread w ith raspberry jom on
it
bOOk
193 The king is the Mod of state
67 This box of confectionery has been 196 The politician is g iving a speech
opened by someone 199 He's driving much toa fast
70 This little mouse has eaten and has then 202 A brand ne w racing cor
gone to sleep in the corner 205 This boy is hitch-hiking
73 The cat has just g iven birth , she has only 208 The train is about to cross the bridge
three kittens 211 The cow is grazing in the meadow
76 The roosler crows 01 live o'clock every 214 The wheat must be harvested now
morning: cock-a-doodle-doo 217 The thief has been caught red-handed
79 Snails like green leaves and is being arrested
82 Pearls are found in oyslers 220 A pleasant lillie square with a monu-
85 He is in the attiC ment
88 The curtains are still closed 223 A nice little shopping street
91 There is now 0 p icture on the wall 226 A well-known Itatian chef
94 Here is on old fashioned bath tub w ith 229 A tremendously tall building
hot water in it 232 He IS in the a rmy
97 The housewife has just vacuumed 235 A bomb has exploded here
100 The kettle is boiling 238 He's learnt to swim well
103 She's putting something in the fridge 2.:11 This lady has been waiting for the bus for
106 The lable has been set Quite a whi le
109 That tree was unfortunately chopped 244 The ch ild has sat down on its potty
down 247 This nice mill is situated behind a high
112 This televis ion isn't work ing any more dyke
115 Boy, how well she can sing 250 Kees is terrib ly proud of his new kennel
118 This sock has already been darned a 253 This lad has been awfully naughty
few times 256 Belween the trees you'll find some
121 He likes the smell Of Ihat man's cigar mushrooms
124 The photographer is taking a photo of 259 The post-office is on the square
this couple opposite the bank
127 The passport must be stamped by the 262 The puppy runs outside
customs officer 265 She we ighs much 100 much
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KLEDING CLOTHING
de knoep button 2
de gasp buckle
de gulp fly
de broak pants, trousers
de onderbroek underpants
de spijkerbroek jeans
de broekspijp trouser leg
de riam (om)l belt
de zak pocket
hat (confectie)pak (ready-mode) suit
hat unifo rm uniform
1 'On' with reference to items of apparel. can be either omor aane.g. t have a betf
on (om). I have a coolon (oon).
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4 de jurk dress
de avondjurk evening gown
de onderjurk petticoat, slip
de rok shirt
de onderrok half slip, petticoat
de blaes blouse
hat slipje underpants, knickers
de ponty(pl.-'s) panty-hose, tights
de nylons (nylon) stockings
de beha 1 bra, brassiere
de nachtjopo n nightdress, nighty
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zijden silk(en) 7
ftuwe len velvet
katoenen cotton
wollen woollen
kanten lace
nylon nylon
geruit checked, tartan
druk gaudy
strak tight
los loose
de sok sock 9
de (nylon)kous stocking
de kniekous knee-socks
de (zonne)bril (op) (sun) glasses (on)
de (hals)ketting (am) necklace (on)
de oorbel earring
de armband (om) bracelet, bangle (on)
de (trouw)ring (aan) (wedding) ring (on)
de verlovingsring engagement ring
de zakdoek handkerchief
de sjaal scarf
de handschoen glove
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10 de want mitten
de broche, speld brooch
de haarband hair ribbon
de (strop)das tie
de muts cap
de pet (peaked) cap
de hoed hat
o p-, a fzetten to put on, toke off (0 hot)
de handtas handbag
de portemonnale purse
de portefeulUe \ wallet
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werken to work 13
het werk work
de arbeider labourer
werkloos unemployed
de werkloosheid unemployment
in de WW lopen· 1 to be on unemployment
benefits, the dole
aanstelien to employ
de werknemer employee
de werkgever employer
de boos, chef boss
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16 de autohandeloor car salesman
de (rijks)ambtenaar civil servant
de (polltie)agent policeman
de brandweerman fireman
de relsagent travel agent
de makelaar broker; real estate agent
de vuilnisman (pI. -nen) dustman, garbage collector
de winkeller shopkeeper
de verkoper shop assistant (masc.)
de verkoopster shop assistant (fern.)
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DE FAMILIE THE FAMILY 19
de zuster sister 20
de broer1 brother
hat zusje younger. little sister
hat broertje younger. little brother
de schoonouders parents-in-law
de schoonvader father-in-law
de schoonmoeder mother-in-Iow
de schoonzoon son-In-law
de schoondochter daughter-In-low
de schoonzusfer sister-in-law
de zwager brother-in-law
de oem uncle 21
de tonte aunt
de neet " nephew, cousin (masc.)
de nicht niece, cousin (fem.)
de achterneef, -nicht second cousin
hat kleinkind grandchild
de klelnzoon, -doehter grandson,-daughter
hat ochterkleinkind great grandchild
de grootouders grandparents
de grootvader (opa) grandfather (grandpa)
de grootmoeder (oma) grandmother (grandma)
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de baby (pl.-'s) baby 25
de kinderwagen pram
de kinderkomer baby's room, nursery
de wieg cradle
hat slaapliedje lullaby
de luier nappy, diaper
de fop speen dummy
hat babypoeder baby powder
de tweeling twin
de drieling etc . triplet
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29 de liefde love
houden van to love
de vriend friend: boyfriend
de vriendln friend: girlfriend
de verloofde fiance(e)
verloofd engaged
verkering hebben met to "be going with s.O .
verliefd zi;n op to be in love with
de verhouding relationship, affair
kussen, zoenen to kiss
de kus, zoen kiss
30 moe t ired
vermoeid weary
de vermoeidheid tiredness, weariness
ultputten to exhaust
uitgeput exhausted
bezorgd worried
gastvrlJ hospitable
vriendelijk (tegen) friendly (towards)
aardig nice (of people)
egolstisch selfish
krenterig miserly, mean
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de sloop sleep 31
slapen · to sleep
dromen to dream
de droom dream
de nachtmerrie nightmare
wakken worden · to wake up (intr,)
wakker maken to wake up (tr.)
in sloop vallen· to fall asleep
opstaan · to get up; stand up
wei te rusten sleep well, good night
de mond mouth 33
de lip lip
de tand 1 tooth
de kies molar
het tandvlees gums
de kaak jaw
de tong tongue
de kin chin
de wang cheek
de keel throat
1 However, 'To have (a) toothache' is alwavs It:iespijn hebben.
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34 de board beard
de snor moustache
1 de hols neck (front)
de nak neck (back)
t'.' hat (jeugd)puistje
de (steen)pu;st
pimple
boil
de meeeter block-head
de wrot wort
de (zomer)sproet freckle
,, de maag stomach
, de bulk
de novel
beUy
navel
•
• 35 de hand hand
I. de yinger finger
de duim thumb
de wijsvinger index finger
de middelvinger middle finger
de ringvinger ring finger
de pink little finger
de vingertop finger tip
de (hand)palm palm
de nagal nail
de muis ball of the hand
36 de schouder shoulder
de arm arm
de onderorm fore-arm
de elteboog elbow
de pols wrist
de polsslag pulse
de borst chest ; breast
de boezem bosom
hat middel waist (general)
de taille waist (narrowest part)
de heup hip
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de Ingewanden intestines, innards 37
de dikke dorm large intestine
de dunne dorm small intestine
de blinde darm appendix
de lever liver
de nier kidney
de blaas bladder
de galblaas gall-bladder
de klier gland
de schildklier thyroid gland
delong lung
19
,
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r --- ' .
'
I "
41 de scheiding parting
de pony (pron. ponny) fringe
de vlecht plait
de bakkebaard(en) sideburn(s)
de paardestaart pony-tail
de krul curl
krullig curly
de kruin crown (of the head)
de pruik wig
hat hoarstuk toupee
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de sloop temple 43
de oorlel ear-lobe
de amandelen 1 tonsils
de vingerafdruk finger print
Inslikken to swallow
zich verslikken to choke on s.t.
zijn neus snuiten· to blow one's nose
fronsen to frown, wrinkle one's brow
knipogen to wink
voelen 2 to feel 44
zien" to see
proeven to taste (tr.)
horen to hear
knikken to nod
kauwen to chew
gapen to yawn
ademen to breathe
hoesten to cough
niezen to sneeze
boeren to burp, belch
neuken, naaien, ." I \ " , to fuck
de adem breath 45
het speeksel saliva
het oorsmeer ear wax
het snot snot
de urine urine
de pies piss
de ultwerpselen (pl.) excrement
de poep poo
ge str9nt shit
het zweet sweat
de boer burp
de traan tear
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I;
47 lang talt
kart short
,
';"
dik lal
mager, dun 1 thin
mooi pretty, beautiful
lelijk ugly
kaal bald
vel greasy (of hair)
rimpelig wrinkled
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het eten food 49
eten* to eat
drinken · to drink
de keuken kitchen ; cuisine
het hapje bite, nibble
het voorgerecht entree
het (hoofd)gerecht (main) course
het nagerecht dessert
het toetje dessert, otters
ontbijten· to have breakfast
de soep soup
de pap porridge
de maaltijd meal 50
het ontblJt 1 breakfast
het middageten lunch
de lunch lunch
lunchen to have lunch
het avondeten dinner
dineren to dine
een hapje eten to have a snaCk, bite
de borrel drink (alcoholic)
bo rrelen to have a drink
het slokje sip
proost cheers
de drank drink 51
de wijn wine
het bier beer
de pils beer
het mineraalwater mineral water
de seven- up lemonade (aerated)
de jus (d'orange) orange juice
het (slnaasappel)sap (orange) juice
het appelsap apple juice
met/(zonder) prik (non- )aerated, carbonated
1 The definite article is alwaVs used with meals e,g . bij het ontbijt - at breakfast.
v66r de lunch _ before lunch.
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1
I
52 de groente (sing.) vegetables
de sic salad; lettuce
de krop sic head of lettuce
de kaol cabbage
de zuurkool sauerkraut
de rodekool red cabbage
de boerenkoal curly kale
de bloemkool cauliflower
de Chinese keol Chinese cabbage
het spruitje Brussels sprout
53 de komkommer cucumber
de tomaat tomato
de oordappel potato
de andljvie endive
de spina zie spinach
de boon bean
de spercis-, snijboon green bean
de tuinboon broad bean
de ui onion
de knof1ook garlic
54 de pompoen pumpkin
de wortel carrot; root
de (winter)peen carrot (large)
de knolraop turnip. swede
de (rode) biat beetroot
de selder!j celery
de p a prika pepper, capsicum; paprika
de (dop)erwt (green)pea
de rad ijs radish
de Spoanse peper chilli
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de bes berry 57
de braam blackberry
de aardbei strawberry
de framboos raspberry
de rodebes red currant
de zwartebes black currant
de kruisbes g ooseberry
de kers c herry
de vijg fig
de passievrucht passionfru it
de o nanas pineapple
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58 de druif grape
de tros druiven bunch of gropes
de banaan banana
de rozljn raisin, sultana
de noot nut
de walnoot walnut
de hazelnoot hazelnut
de pinda, olienoot peanut
de pindakaas peanut butter
de kokosnoot 1 coconut
60 de origa no oregano
het bieslook chives
het basilicm basil
de pepermunt peppermint
de peterselie parsley
de tijm thyme
de foelie mace
de roosmarlj n rosemary
de solie sage
het laurierblad bay leaf
de kruidnagel clove
1 The nut is a kakosnoot but 'desiccated coconut ' is often ref e rred to as kokos.
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65 de vis fish
de markreel mackerel
de haring herring
de forel trout
de kabeljauw cod
de paling eel
de schol plaice
de tong flounder
de ansjo vis anchovy
de inktvis octopus, squid
66 de gist yeast
het (volkoren)meel (wholemeal) flour
het zelfrijzend bakmeel self~raising flour
de bloem flour (for cakes, not bread)
het brood bread, loaf of bread
het raggebrood rye bread
het volkorenbrood wholemeal bread
het broodje bread roll
het krentenbrood fruit loaf
de krentenbol currant bun
de boterham slice of bread (and butter)
het stokbrood French bread
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de saus sauce 67
de jus gravy (meat juices)
binden to thicken, bind (gravy)
de maizena cornflour
smelten to melt
de tomatensaus tomato sauce
(Iaten) ontdooien to (let) thaw, defrost
Invriezen- to freeze
dejam jam
de honing honey
smeren to spread (butter etc .)
1 /(08kis only used lor one particular sort 01 cake which is very common in Holland
and usually eaten with butter on it. Otherwise coke is used lor plain buttercake
and 'aorllor cokes with fruit , creom elc. on them.
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DE DIERENWERELD FAUNA
71 de leeuw(ln)l lion(ess)
de tijger tiger
de luipoerd leopard
de olifant elephant
de kameel cornel
de neushoorn rhinoceros
het nijlpaard hippopotamus
de ka ngoeroe kangaroo
de gira f giraffe
de buffel buffalo
72 de beer bear
de ijsbeer polar bear
de ezel donkey
de muilezel mule
het hert deer
de bever beaver
de des badger
de muis mouse
de rat rot
de mol mole
het stinkdier skunk
de eekhoorn squirrel
1 'A male ' and '0 female' of animals are expressed by the words £len mannetjeand
£len wijtje; note a lso £len monneljesoop!wijfjeSoop etc , - a male/female
monkey etc.
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de haai shark 73
de zeehond seal
de walrus walrus
de walvis whale
de dolfiln dolphin
de aap monkey. ape
de vas fox
de wolf wolf
het konlln rabbit
de haas hare
de goudvis goldfish
de slang snake
de krokodll crocodile 74
de schildpad tortoise, turtle
de pad toad
de kikker, kikvors frog
de hagedis lizard
de hond dog
de kof(er) cat (tom)
het hondje pup(py)
het katje kitten
het huisdier pef
de marmo t guinea pig
jongen to give birth, to lamb, calve
etc.
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76 de geit goat
het varken pig
de zeug sow
de big piglet
de gans (p. -zen) goose
de kip chicken, fowl
de krielkip bantam
de hen hen
de haan rooster. cock
het kuiken chicken (baby)
kukelek u cock-a-doodle-doo
de kalkoen turkey
77 de eend duck
de park let budgerigar
de kano rie(vogel) canary
de papegaal parrot
de kakatoe cockatoo
de duif dove, pigeon
de mus sparrow
de ooievaar stork
de ekster magpie
de leeuwerik la rk
de zwaan swan
78 de reiger heron
de meeuw seagull
de pelikoan pelican
de pinguin penguin
de struisvogel ostrich
de pauw peacock
de vink finch
de zwaluw swallow
de spreeuw starling
de roofvogel bird of prey
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de vogel bird 85
het nest nest
(ult)broeden to brook , (hatch out )
het ei egg
leggen to lay
ultkomen to hatch (out)
de vleugel wing
het kuiken chick, young bird
de bek beak
de snavel bill
de veer feather
de klauw claw
Hij is op zolde r
THUIS AT HOME
1 This room. which is v ery impo rtant in a Dutch house. ha s a variet y 0 1 names :
huiskamer. voorkamer. zi/kamer.
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de lont wick 91
de klok clock
het horloge watch
het schilderl) painting. picture
de poster (pron. long 0) poster
het affiche poster
de kachel heater
de centrale verwarming. cv central heating
de meubels (pieces of) furniture
het meubilalr furniture. furnishings
gemeubileerd furnished
Inrichten to furnish
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96 de wc toilet
het toile t toilet
de plee 100
het wc-papler toilet paper
de bril toilet seat
doorspoelen to f1ush
de riolering sewerage
het riool sewer
de wc-borstel toilet brush
het ontsmettingsmiddel disinfectant
de tegel tile
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schoonmaken to clean 97
opruimen to tidy up
poetsen to polish , clean (silver. shoes)
schrobben to scrub
de prullenmand waste-paper basket
de vuilnisemmer, -bak rubbish bin, trash can
de stofzuiger vacuum cleaner
stofzuigen to vacuum clean
a fstoffen to dust
verven to paint 99
de verf paint
behangen ° to wallpaper
het behang wallpaper
vernlssen to varnish
het vernis varnish
de vloerbedekking floor covering
het (vloer)kleed rug
het tapllt carpet
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de/het aanrecht kitchen bench 103
de gootsteen sink
de geizer hot water system
de warm-, koudwaterkraan hot, cold water tap, faucet
de stop plug
de afwas/ vaat doen to wash up, do the dishes
het afwasmiddel detergent
de afwosmachine dishwasher
de theedoek tea towel
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De totel is g edekt
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de electricitelt electricity HI
de stroom current
het sto pcontact power-point, plug , socket
de stekker plug (of an appliance)
het verlengsnoer extension cord
de kortsluiting short circuit
de zekering, stop fuse
doorbranden, -sloan ' to blow, burn out
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1
de pian0 piano 11S
de vleugel grand piano
de cello (pron. sello) cello
de viool violin
de gltaar guitar
de/het klaveclmbel harpsichord
de fagot bassoon
de trompet trumpet
de trommel drum
het orgel organ
de harp horp
de hobo oboe
1 'To play the plano. guitar' etc. Is p iano/gitaar spelen i.e . without an article.
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1 It is a lso possible to say in Dutch biljort spe/en, tennis spe/en, voetba/ spe/en etc.
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het landschap landscape 133
de heuvel hill
heuvelachtig hilly
bergachtig mountainous
het ravlJn ravine, gorge, gully
de woestlJn desert
de vulkaan volcano
de aardbeving earthquake
vlak ftat
de vlakte plain
de polder polder, reclaimed land
droogleggen to reclaim
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Het onweert
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GEZONDHEID (c .) HEALTH
142 de dokter doctor
de arts doctor
de oog-, huidarts etc. eye, skin specialist etc.
de afsproak aPPoint ment
de spreekkamer surgery
zich melden to report, register
de zuster sister, nurse
de patie nt patient
de chirurg surgeon
opere ren to operate
sen opera tie ondergaan ' to undergo an operation
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1 Although griep literally means 'Mu', the Dutch tend to use it as a synonym for
verkoudheid i.e. cold.
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1 The words guilder a nd cent, when used in prices, are always left in the singular
after numerals e .g . tien g ulden, vijf cent; the plural refers to guilder and cent
coins e .g. tien guldens - ten one-guilder coins. The symbol f. (- fforijn) is used
when giving p rices e.g. f.W,SO.
2 BTW _ Be/osting Toegevoegde Woorde.
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DE GODSDIENST ~ELlGION
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DE PLANTENWERELD FLORA
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172 Plnksteren Whitsuntide (Pentecost)
Aswoensdag Ash Wed nesday
nieuwjaorsda g New Year's Day
oudejaarsa vond New Year's Eve
cornaval Mardi Gras
moederdag Mothers' Day
vaderdag Fathers' Day
de verjaardag 1 birthday
dodenherdenking remembrance day
WapenstHstandsdag Armistice Day
Sinterklaas St. Nicholas' Day (6th Dec.)
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TAAL (c.) LANGUAGE
:>
•
Het Griekse a/fabet is erg moeiiljk,
nist waar?
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HET RIJK THE NATION
1 The services one receives ole sociale voorz/eningen i.e benefits, whereas the
financial assistance or pension one receives is an uitkering.
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196 de monarchl e monarchy
het koningshuis royal house
de reg ering government
het parlement parliament
het partementsgebouw parliament house
de eerste/tweede kamer upper/lower house
de eerste minister prime minister
de min ister-president prime minister (of Holland)
de presid ent president
het parlementslid (pI. leden) member of parliament
de parlementarier member of parliament
de politi eke partll political party
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202 het stuur steering wheel
bet dashboard dashboard
de koplomp h'eadlight
het wiel wheel
de bond tyre
de binnenbond tube
de bumper bumper
de motorkap hood. bonnet
de achterbok boot , trunk
de voor-, ochterbank front , back seat
\\ I
fen splintemieuwe roce-outo "\
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KLEUREN COLOURS
1 I want thot in black and white (i.e. in writing) - Ik wil dot zwart op wit hebben.
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,I
MISDAAD (c .) CRIME I
de m lsdadiger
de gevongenis
arresteren
criminal
prison, jail
to arrest
to interrogate
218
I
verhoren
hat verhoor interrogation
veroordelen (tot) to sentence (to)
de diet thief
de inbreker burglar
de zakkenroller pickpocket
stelen* to steal
de moordenoar murderer
vermoorden to murder
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~-
IN DE STAD IN TOWN
.'
221 de stad (pI. steden) town, city
de voorstad suburb
het dorp village
het centrum centre (of town)
het plein square
het trottolr, de stoep foot-path, side-walk
het warenhuis departmental store
het stadhuis town hall
de gemeente municipality
de gemeenteraad council
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WINKELEN SHOPPING
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1 All the materials mentioned here have adjectival forms ending in -en e .g.
betonnen houten. blikken. etc . (cl. wooden. silken).
2 For the difference in gender see the footnote to section 11.
3 The colour is usually left out as the Dutch do not normallv bother to distinguish
between brass and copper.
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Hij is in dienst
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WERKWOORDEN VERBS
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BIJVOEGLlJKE ADJECTIVES
NAAMWOORDEN
groot (de grootte) big, large (size) 247
klein small, little
hard hard; fast; loud
zacht soft
zwok (de zwakte) weak (weakness)
sterk (st erkte) strong (strength)
diep (de diepte) deep (depth)
ondiep shallow
loog low
haag (de hoogte) high, toll (things) (height)
lang (de lengte) long, tall (people) (length.
height-people)
kart short
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250 trots (op) proud (of)
bescheiden modest
verlegen shy
fout wrong (things, not people)
goed good: correct, right
gek (op) mad, crazy (about)
stom stupid, dumb (also without
speech)
doof deaf
knop clever; handsome
langzaam slow
vlug, snel l quick, fast
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1 This is on exceedingly common word and can be used fOf anything except food
(see section 48).
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VOEGWOORDEN CONJUNCTIONS
2S6 en and
maar but
of or; whether, if
want because, for
dot that
omda t because
zoda t so that
naeda t) after
voor(da t) before
tot eda t) untit, till
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behalve except for, besides 259
vanwege because of, on account of
gedurende, tijdens during
boven above, over
onder under
beneden beneath, underneath
achter behind
door through; by (s.o.)
longs along, past
naast next to
BtJWOORDEN ADVERBS
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262 zonder twijfel without doubt
in tegendeel on the contrary
op tijd on time, in time
plo tseling suddenly
ongeveer about, approximately
eigenlijk actually, really
werkelijk really
helemaol niet not at all (rich etc.)
pas 1 not until
neF just
(n)ooit (n)ever
01 already
263 nu now
II dan
toen
then
then (verb in past)
, gewoonlijk usually
altijd always
van nu of aan from now on
tot nu toe till now
in/over het algemeen in general. generally
helaos unfortunately
gelukkig fortunately
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VOO~NAAMWOO~DEN P~ONOUNS
V~AAGWOO~DEN INTE~~OGA"VES
wot who-
1 The forms with -nora used when these wOlds stand " 0&:::>e"'O&-. , ..... 'e'&"€""·:e
to people e .g . Sommigen zijn ffluis gab/even - S7"'9 :=",?:o-e ! "::.e-,: ::"
home.
2 Ze zijn allemoal/ollebei arm _ Allen!beiden zi)n 0 ,'7'"
3 Where do you live? - Woor woon je? but Wt1ere o re vo ... QO- ·;;- •• '. :::>=" ;>= ...
naar toe?
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CONTENTS
SECTION SECTION
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