Procedure

A. Chlorine Demand Test

1) A 100 mL portion of a sample was measured into a bottle.
2) The bottle number was recorded.
3) Standard chlorine solution was added in the amount indicated by the instructor.
4) The sample was mixed thoroughly (let it stand for 20 minutes).
5) After the reaction time is over, the amount of total residual chlorine was
determined by the iodometric method described below.
6) The value(s) for chlorine added and total chlorine residual were recorded(These data are
to be added to the lab report which analyzes the appended data for a complete
chlorine demand curve).

B. Iodometric Method for Total Residual Chlorine

1) 12 g of potassium iodide crystals was added to 100 ml of distilled water in an Erlenmeyer
flask and allow them to dissolve.
2) The chlorine solution being tested and 5 mL of glacial (concentrated) acetic acid were
added.
3) 5 minutes were allowed for the liberation of iodine.
4) Then , the solution was titrated with standard sodium thiosulfate solution (normality
supplied by the instructor) until a pale straw color develops.
5) 12 ml of starch solution was added and titration was continued until the blue color
disappears.
6) The residual chlorine was calculated.
Materials & Equipments
 BOD bottles
 Micro-buret,
 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask
 Spatula
 Titration apparatus
 Beaker
 Standard chlorine solution
 standard thiosulfate solution
 starch solution solution
 glacial acetic acid
 potassium iodide
 Distilled water
Introduction

Water treatment processes such as storage, sedimentation, and sand filtration will reduce
the content of disease causing organisms in water, but will not leave it completely free of such
organisms. Disinfection, when applied and controlled properly, is the most practical and
effective means of removing such organisms. For these reasons, chemical disinfectants
(especially chlorine and chlorine compounds) are used. Iodine may also be used as a disinfectant,
but it is usually more expensive than chlorine compounds.

Chlorine compounds will destroy “disease causing organisms” quickly and usually after
30 minutes. They are widely used and are relatively inexpensive. If carefully applied, chlorine
has the advantage that a measurable residual of chlorine in solution can be maintained in the
water supply. This residual provides further potential for disinfection and is also an important
indicator of successful application.

When chlorine is added to a water source, it purifies the water by damaging the cell
structure of bacterial pollutants, thereby destroying them. The amount of chlorine needed to do
this is called the chlorine demand of the water. The chlorine demand varies with the amount of
impurities in the water. It is important to realize that the chlorine demand of a water source will
vary as the quality of the water varies.

Objective
The aim of this experiment is to measure the chlorine demand using 2 methods which are:
Chlorine demand test & Iodometric method for total residual chlorine.

Abstract
This lab experiment was conducted to determine the chlorine demand in a given sample. Two
methods were used for this purpose which are: Chlorine demand test & Iodometric method for
total residual chlorine. The presence of chlorine in water is very essential for improving its
quality as a result chlorine demand differs from sample to another according to its quality.
However, chlorine concentration should be maintained in a certain range in order to not causing
health problems for organisms.