izKO;kdj.

k
k&izokg
3

izdk'kd
fo|k Hkkjrh mÙkj {ks =
ukjk;.k Hkou] yktirjk; ekxZ] dq#{ks=k&136118
k
nwjHkk"k % 01744&259941 bZ&esy : vbukkkr@yahoo.co.in

I
 izdk'kd ,oa forjd
fo|k Hkkjrh mÙkj
ukjk;.k Hkou] yktir jk; ekxZ] dq#{ks=k&
{ks = k 136-118
nwjHkk"k % 01744-294241 bZ&esy % vbukkkr@yahoo.co.in

forj.k&dsUnz
Hkkjrh; f'k{kk lfefr] tEew d'ehj izns'k xzkeh.k f'k{kk fodkl lfefr] gfj;k.kk
Hkkjrh; fo|k eafnj ifjlj] vEciQyk] osn eafnj] tEew&180 005 laLd`fr Hkou] xhrk fudsru vkoklh; fo|ky; ifjlj]
nwjHkk"k % 0191&2547953 yktir jk; ekxZ] dq#{ks=k&136 118 (gfj;k.kk)
E-mail: bssjmu2006@yahoo.com nwjHkk"k % 01744&290241] 291156
bssjk08gmail.com E-mail: gsvskkr@yahoo.co.in

loZfgrdkjh f'k{kk lfefr] iatkc fgUnw f'k{kk lfefr&fnYyh

loZfgrdkjh ds'ko fo|k fudsru] IkBkudksV ckbZikl] xq# xksfcUn flag Mh-,-oh-o-ek- fo|ky; Ø- 2] 'kadj uxj] fnYyh&110 051
,osU;w] utnhd VsyhiQksu ,Dlpsat] tkyU/j&144 009 nwjHkk"k % 011&22008542
nwjHkk"k % 0181&2421199] 2420876 E-mail: hindushikshasamiti@gmail.com
E-mail: ses_jld@yahoo.co.in, ses.jld@gmail.com

fgUnw f'k{kk lfefr U;kl

fgekpy f'k{kk lfefr xhrk cky Hkkjrh ifjlj] jktx<+ dkWyksuh]
fge jf'e ifjlj] fodkl uxj] f'keyk&171 009 (fg-iz-) fnYyh&110 031
nwjHkk"k % 0177&2624624] 2620814 nwjHkk"k % 011&22002957
E-mail: shikshasamiti@sancharnet.in
E-mail: mahamantri_nyas@yahoo.co.in
himachalshikshasamitishimla@gmail.com

fgUnw f'k{kk lfefr] gfj;k.kk leFkZ f'k{kk lfefr&fnYyh

laLd`fr Hkou] xhrk fudsru vkoklh; fo|ky; ifjlj] ekrk efUnj xyh] >.Msokyku] ubZ fnYyh&110 055
yktir jk; ekxZ] dq#{ks=k&136 118 (gfj;k.kk) nwjHkk"k % 011&23628146] iQSDl % 23628146
nwjHkk"k % 01744&290241] 291156 E-mail: samiti59@live.com
E-mail: hsskkr@yahoo.co.in

uohu laLdj.k % 2018

oS/kkfud psrkouh
;g iqLrd fo|k Hkkjrh mÙkj {ks=k }kjk izdkf'kr gSA bl iqLrd dk izR;sd Hkkx lokZf/dkj lqjf{kr gSA
eqnzd% ys[kd % lUrks"k dqekj f=kosnh
cqycqy fizafVax izSl ,e-,- (jkt-'kkL=k] fgUnh) ch-,M-
ûýö&ûþú@ÿÿ] vkS|ksfxd {ks=k] p.Mhx<+
nwjHkk"k% 09988338711 bZ&esy% bulbulpress@gmail.com

II
 fo"k; lwph (Contents)
Øekad fo"k; i`"B Øekad
1- Hkk"kk (Language) 1-3
2- o.kZ fopkj (Phonology) 4-6
3- ek=kk,¡ (Signs of Vowels) 7-10
4- laKk (Noun) 11-14
5- fyax (Gender) 15-18
6- opu (Number) 19-22
7- loZuke (Pronoun) 23-25
8- fo'ks"k.k (Adjective) 26-28
9- fØ;k (Verb) 29-32
10- 'kq¼&v'kq¼ (Correct Incorrect words) 33-34
11- foykse 'kCn (Antonyms) 35-37
12- i;kZ;okph (Synonyms) 38-40
13- okD; (Sentence) 41-43
14- vuqPNsn ys[ku (Paragraph Writing) 44-45
15- os D;k djrs gSa \ (What do they do) 46-49
16- fojke fpg~u (Punctuation) 50-52
17- i'kq&if{k;ksa dh cksfy;k¡ (Sounds of Animals & Birds) 53-55
18- eqgkojs (Idioms) 56-60
19- dky pØ (le; x.kuk) 61-64
20- i=k ys[ku (Letter Writing) 65-70
21- dgkuh ys[ku (Story Writing) 71-75
22- dfork ys[ku (Poetry Writing) 76-79

¬ iz'u i=k izk:i Øekad 1 (Model Test Paper No. 1) 80-83

¬ iz'u i=k izk:i Øekad 2 (Model Test Paper No. 2) 84-88

III
 izLrkouk (Introduction)

O;kdj.k dh ;g d`fr d{kk r`rh; (Class 3) ds HkS;k@cfguksa dks lefiZr gSA Hkk"kk gekjs
O;fDrRo dk egRoiw.kZ lksiku gSA 'kq¼ Hkk"kk lekt esa lnSo ls J¼k dk dsUnz jgh gSA O;kdj.k dk
Kku] Hkk"kk dh lqn`<+ uhao gSA O;kdj.k dh tfVyrk HkS;k@cfguksa dks lgt] ljy vkSj lqxerk ds
ekè;e ls O;kogkfjd :i esa vorfjr gks bu lw=kksa ds vk/kj ij ikBksa dks ^^fujUrjrk** ds lkFk
^^O;kidrk** ds vk/kj ij p;fur fd;k x;k gSA

Hkk"kk lw=k &ljy ls dfBu dh vksj ^^Kkr ls vKkr dh vksj** rFkk jpuk] fp=k] lTtk
vkfn dks LFkku fn;k x;k gSA uohure ifjorZuksa ,oa ifjo/Zuksa ds lkFk jk"Vªh; 'kSf{kd vuqla/ku ,oa
izf'k{k.k ifj"kn (N.C.E.R.T) ds ekudksa ds vuq:i fu/kZfjr izLrqfr nsus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA
O;kogkfjd Kku }kjk HkS;k@cfguksa dks jk"VªHkk"kk fgUnh dk 'kq¼ iz;ksx djuk lgt gksxkA blds fy,
f'k{kd oxZ dk ;ksxnku vR;Ur egRo dk fo"k; jgsxkA

laLd`r Hkk"kk dks Hkk"kkvksa dh tuuh dgk x;k gSA laLd`r] fgUnh Hkk"kk dks 'kfDrerh]
xfrerh] LiQwfrZerh cukrh gSA f'k{k.k ;qfDr;k¡ & dgkuh dFku] o.kZu] O;k[;k dks y?kqre :i esa
fo|ky; rFkk ifjokj ds nSfud ijfjos'k dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, fo"k; dks ljy ,oa lqcks/ cukus dk
iz;Ru fd;k x;k gSA iqLrd fuekZ.k esa vusd Hkk"kk 'kkfL=k;ksa dk ;ksxnku jgk gSA mUgsa /U;oknA

iqLrd Nk=kksi;ksxh cus] v|ru jgs] bl gsrq vki lHkh ds vewY; lq>koksa dk lnSo ân;
ls Lokxr jgsxkA
lUrks"k dqekj f=kosnh
,e-,- (jkt-'kkL=k] fgUnh) ch-,M-

IV
 ikB 1 Hkk"kk (Language)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj Hkk"kk ds ckjs esa le>saxsA

vkpk;Z nhnh us HkS;k@cfgukas dks cky xhr xkdj lquk;k A
HkS;k@cfguksa us xhr lquk] le>k vkSj fy[kk A
nhnh us cky xhr xk;k A (cksyuk)
HkS;k@cfgukas us xhr lquk vkSj le>k A (lquuk)
HkS;k@cfgukas us xhr fy[kk A (fy[kuk)
nhnh us xhr xk;k] HkS;k@cfgukas us lquk] le>k vkSj fy[kk
vkSj ladsrksa ls xhr dk Hkko crk;k A
vkpk;Z nhnh xhr xkrs gq,

nhnh xhr xkrs gq, HkS;k@cfguas xhr lqurs gq, HkS;k@cfguas xhr fy[krs gq,

xkuk lquuk ladsrksa }kjk le>uk

Hkk"kk cksyus] le>us rFkk fy[kus dk ekè;e gS A
Hkk"kk ds ekè;e ls ge vius fopkjksa o Hkkoksa dks izdV djrs gSa rFkk nwljksa ds Hkkoksa vkSj fopkjksa dks
le>rs gSaA
1
Hkk"kk ds :i (Kinds of Language)
Hkk"kk ds nks :i gksrs gSa &
1- ekSf[kd Hkk"kk (Oral)
2- fyf[kr Hkk"kk (Written)
v blds vfrfjDr lkadsfrd Hkk"kk dk Hkh

mi;ksx gksrk gS A

gekjs ns'k esa Hkk"kk,¡ &

fgUn ns'k ds fuoklh lHkh tu ,d gSa A
jax] :i] os'k] Hkk"kk pkgs vusd gSa AA
gekjs ns'k esa fgUnh] iatkch] d'ehjh] ejkBh] caxkyh] rfey] rsyxw] dUuM+ vkfn Hkk"kk,¡ cksyh vkSj
le>h tkrh gSaA bu Hkk"kkvksa ds vfrfjDr vaxzsth]mnwZ dk Hkh iz;ksx djrs gSaA fgUnh jk"Vª Hkk"kk gSA

fgUnh iatkch caxkyh

d'ehjh xqtjkrh vlfe;k

fuEukafdr fp=kksa esa n'kkZbZ xbZ Hkk"kk dk :i fyf[k, &

2
 vH;kl dk;Z
mÙkj fyf[k, %&
izú 1- Hkk"kk ls ge D;k le>rs gSa \
___________________________________________________________________________________
mú
izú 2- ekSf[kd] fyf[kr ,oa lkadsfrd Hkk"kk ds mnkgj.k fyf[k, A
mú 1- ekSf[kd
2- fyf[kr
3- lkadsfrd
Bhd dFku ij (4) rFkk xyr ij (8) ds fpg~u yxkb, %&
1- nhnh }kjk xhr xkuk ekSf[kd Hkk"kk dk mnkgj.k gSA
2- va/s O;fDr ladsrksa dks le>rs gSaA
3- ,d izns'k esa cksyh tkus okyh Hkk"kk dks izknsf'kd Hkk"kk dgrs gSaA
4- xhr xkuk fyf[kr Hkk"kk dk mnkgj.k gSA
fuEukafdr 'kCnksa esa ls mfpr 'kCnksa dks fjDr&LFkkuksa esa fyf[k, %&
(cky] xhr] Hkk"kk] lquk] le>k] xk;k)
____________
1- nhnh us xhr xk;k A
____________ ____________
2- HkS;k@cfguksa us xhr vkSj A
____________
3- nhnh us cky xhr A
____________
4- nhnh us xk;k A
____________
5- nhnh us fgUnh esa xk;k A
izns'kksa dks mudh Hkk"kk ls feyku dhft, %&
izns'k Hkk"kk
mnkgj.k d'ehj xqtjkrh
iatkc vlfe;k
xqtjkr iatkch
vle d'ehjh
3
 ikB 2 o.kZ fopkj (Phonology)
vkt ge lc feydj o.kZekyk dks le>saxsA
oSHko vius ?kj esa x`g dk;Z dj jgk Fkk A fdlh us ?kaVh ctkbZ A oSHko us njoktk [kksydj vk, gq,
vfrfFk dks dgk ^i/kfj,* vkidk Lokxr gS A
oSHko us tks dqN cksyk os lc èofu;k¡ gSa A
ge lc cksyus vkSj lquus esa èofu dk rFkk i<+us vkSj fy[kus esa fyfi dk iz;ksx djrs gSa A
i /k fj , tc bUgsa fy[kk tkrk gS rks ;s v{kj ;k o.kZ dgs tkrs gSa A
i/kfj, & i~$v$/~$vk$j~$b$, & blesa lkr èofu;k¡ gSaA
Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh èofu ;k bdkbZ dks o.kZ dgrs gSaA
o.kZ ds VqdM+s ugha fd, tk ldrs A

o.kZekyk

1- Loj & v vk b bZ m Å Í
, ,s vks vkS

v;ksxokg & va v%

2- O;atu & d [k x ?k Ä
p N t > ×k
V B M < .k
r Fk n / u
i iQ c Hk e
; j y o
'k "k l gA

v fcuk fdlh nwljs o.kZ dh lgk;rk ls cksys tkus okys o.kZ ^Loj* dgs tkrs gSaA
4
Loj ds Hksn & 1- ßLo Loj (Short Vowels)
2- nh?kZ Loj (Long Vowels)
1- ßLo Loj % bu Lojksa ds cksyus esa vYi le; yxrk gSA bUgsa ewy Loj Hkh dgrs gSaA budh
la[;k 4 gS & v b m Í
2- nh?kZ Loj % bu Lojksa ds cksyus esa ßLo Lojksa ls nks xquk le; yxrk gS A bUgsa lfU/ Loj Hkh
dgrs gSa A nh?kZ Lojksa dh la[;k lkr gS %&
vk bZ Å , ,s vks vkS

O;atu (Consonants)

ftu o.kks± dks fcuk Lojksa dh lgk;rk ls ugha cksyk tk ldrk gS mUgsa O;atu dgrs gSaA
Li'kZ O;atu
d~] [k~] p~] V~] r~ vkfn A
^d* oxZ & d~ [k~ x~ ?k~ Ä~
^p~* oxZ & p~ N~ t~ >~ ×k~
^V~* oxZ & V~ B~ M~ <~ .k~
^r~* oxZ & r~ Fk~ n~ /~ u~
^i~* oxZ & i~ iQ~ c~ Hk~ e~
vUr% LFk O;atu ;~ j~ y~ o~
Å"e O;atu 'k~ "k~ l~ g~
1- Li'kZ O;atu (Mute Consonants) % ftu O;atuksa dk mPpkj.k djrs le; thHk] rkyq] ew/kZ
vkfn eq¡g ds fdlh Hkh Hkkx dks Li'kZ djrh gS] os Li'kZ O;atu dgs tkrs gSaA ^d~* ls ^e~* rd
25 O;atu Li'kZ O;atu gSaA
2- vUr% LFk O;atu (Semi Consonants) % ^vUr%LFk* dk vFkZ gS ^eè; esa* fLFkrA ftu
O;atuksa dk mPpkj.k djrs le; thHk eq¡g ds Hkkxksa dks iwjh rjg Li'kZ ugha djrh os vUr%LFk
O;atu gSaA budh la[;k pkj gS & ;~] j~] y~] o~ vkfn
3- Å"e O;atu (Scbilant Consonants) % ftu O;atuksa dk mPpkj.k djrs le; eq¡g ls xeZ

5
 'okl fudys os Å"e O;atu gSaA budh la[;k pkj gS & 'k~] "k~] l~] g~ A
la;qDr O;atu
tc nks O;atu vkil esa tqM+rs gSa rks ,d la;qDr O;atu curk gS A
d~ $ "k~ ¾ {k~ t~ $ ×k~ ¾ K
r~ $ j~ ¾ =k~ 'k~ $ j~ ¾ J~

fo'ks"k % fgUnh Hkk"kk esa mi;ZqDr la;qDr O;atuksa ds vfrfjDr Hkh la;qDrk{kj iz;ksx esa fy, tkrs gSaA
blds fy, O;atuksa dks vk/k ;k gyUr yxkdj fy[krs gSaA tSls %
fon~;k ¾ fo $ n~ $ ;k
tUe ¾ t $ u~ $ e
lRrk ¾ l $ r~ $ rk
fgUnh Hkk"kk ds dqN fo}ku bl izdkj x.kuk djrs gaS %
Loj ¾ 11] O;atu ¾ 33] v;ksxokg ¾ 2

&% mPpkj.k LFkku rkfydk %&

gekjs eq¡g ls èofu ckgj fudyrh gSA eq¡g ls èofu ftu Hkkxksa ls Vdjk dj fudyrh gS] os
Hkkx mPpkj.k LFkku dgykrs gaSA
1- daB~; ¾ v] vk] d~] [k~] x~] ?k~] Ä~] g~
2- rkyO; ¾ b] bZ] p~] N~] t~] >~] ;~] 'k~
3- ew/ZU; ¾ Í] V~] B~] M~] <] .k~] j~] "k~
4- naR; ¾ r~] Fk~] n~] /~] u~] y~] l~
5- vks"B~; ¾ m] Å] i~] iQ~] c~] Hk~] e~
6- ukflD; ¾ va~] ×k~] .k~] u~] e~
7- d.B&rkyO; ¾ ,] ,s
8- daB $ vks"B~; ¾ vks] vkS
9- nar $ vks"B~; ¾ o~
6
 ikB 3 ek=kk,¡ (Signs of Vowels)
HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj ek=kk,a¡ (Signs of Vowels) i<+saxsA

ek=kk % gj ,d Loj dk ,d fpg~u gksrk gS] ftls ek=kk dgrs gSa A

Lojksa dh ek=kk,¡ vkSj mudk iz;ksx &
Loj ek=kk ek=kk ;qDr O;atu 'kCn fp=k
v dksbZ ek=kk ugha d~ $ v ¾ d dey
vk k d~ $ vk ¾ dk dku
b f d~ $ b ¾ fd fdlku
bZ h d~ $ bZ ¾ dh dhy
m q d~ $ m ¾ dq dq leq
Å w d~ $ Å ¾ dw dw i
Í ` d~ $ Í ¾ d̀ d̀".k
, s d~ $ , ¾ ds ds yk
,s S d~ $ ,s ¾ dS dSdsbZ
vks ks d~ $ vks ¾ dks dks;y
vkS kS d~ $ vkS ¾ dkS dkSvk
è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckrsa %&
ek=kkvksa dk iz;ksx vyx&vyx izdkjksa ls fd;k tkrk gS A dqN ek=kk,¡ O;atuksa ds Åij yxrh gSa A
tSls %& ds ] dS] dks] dkS
dqN ek=kk,¡ O;atuksa ds uhps yxrh gSaA
tSls %& dq] dw] d̀
dqN ek=kk,¡ O;atuksa ds ihNs yxrh gSaA
tSls % dk] dh
dqN ek=kk,¡ O;atuksa ds vkxs yxrh gSaA
tSls&fd
j~ ds lkFk m ( q) vkSj Å ( w ) dks iz;ksx %& j~ ds lkFk ^m* ;k ^Å* dh ek=kk,¡ j~ ds isV esa yxrh gSa]
tSls %&
7
j~ $ m ¾ j~ $ q ¾ # ¾ #i;k] #eky
j~ $ Å ¾ j~ $ w ¾ : ¾ :i] :[kk
vuqLokj %& vuqLokj dk fpg~u ( &a )
'kCn ¾ naxy] eaxy] eap] gal
vuqukfld % vuqukfld dk fpg~u ( ¡ )
'kCn ¾ ;gk¡] ogk¡] g¡luk] p¡knh
folxZ %& folxZ dk fpg~u ( % )
'kCn ¾ izkr%] izk;%] vr%

o.kks± ds esy ls 'kCn fuekZ.k %

d~ $ v $ y~ $ v $ 'k~ $ v ¾ dy'k
vk $ x~ $ v $ j~ $ vk ¾ vkxjk
i~ $ vk $ B~ $ v $ 'k~ $ vk $ y~ $ vk ¾ ikB'kkyk
p~ $ b $ M~+ $ b $ ;~ $ vk ¾ fpfM+;k
d~ $ v $ c~ $ Å $ r~ $ v $ j~ $ v ¾ dcwrj g¡lokfguh
vkyksd % vkpk;Z @ nhnh d{kkvksa esa blh izdkj ls vkSj Hkh 'kCnksa dk vH;kl djok,¡ A

xhrk fo|k efUnj

vkxjk dk rktegy ikB'kkyk (gekjk fo|ky;)

8
 vH;kl dk;Z
1- =kqfV lq/kj %& HkS;k@cfguksa uhps fp=kksa dks ns[kdj dqN 'kCn fy[ks x, gSa A budks fy[kus
esa dqN =kqfV;k¡ jg xbZ gSa A vki Bhd dj nhft, %&

cYyh dksvk
gkFkk

dsy cnj nkr

2- vc vkidks fuEukafdr o.kks± ls 'kCn fuekZ.k djuk gS %&

jk es va xw ck xk lh
e yk j e tk uk rk

______________ ______________ ______________

mnkgj.k 1- vaxwj 2- 3-
______________ ______________ ______________
4- 5- 6-

3- o.kks± dks vyx&vyx djds fyf[k, %&

tSls % ek[ku ¾ e~$vk$[k~$v$u~$v
_______________________
pwgk ¾
_______________________
eksrh ¾
fcNkSuk ¾ -------------------------------------
lsuk ¾ -------------------------------------

9
xqiQk ¾ -------------------------------------
eSuk ¾ -------------------------------------
4- fuEukafdr 'kCnksa dks è;ku ls i<+saA dqN xyr rFkk dqN Bhd 'kCn fy[ks gSa A vki xyr 'kCnksa
ds lkeus (x) rFkk Bhd 'kCnksa ds lkeus (4) ds fu'kku yxk nhft, %&

1- fo|y; 2- iqlrd

3- ekVj 4- ljt

5- iQwy 6- yksVk

7- dey 8- tyc

10
ikB 4 laKk (Noun)
HkS;k@cfguksa! vkt ge lc feydj laKk (Noun) ds ckjs esa le>saxsA

,d ;k ,d ls vf/d O;atuksa ds lkFk Loj ek=kkvksa ds ekè;e ls feyrs gSaA lkFkZd èofu lewg dks
'kCn dgrs gSaA
v;ksè;k ds jktk n'kjFk ds iq=k Jh jke us yadk ds jktk jko.k dks ekjkA

laKk,¡
vki fp=kksa dks nsf[k,] lksfp, vkSj uke fyf[k,A
O;fDr %

oLrq %

11
izk.kh %

LFkku %

12
n'kk] Hkko] xq.k] nks"k % feBkl] izlUurk] cpiu] cq<+kik] xehZ] lnhZ] Øks/

ifjHkk"kk % fdlh O;fDr] oLrq] LFkku] xq.k ;k Hkko ds uke dks laKk dgrs gSa A

vH;kl dk;Z

1- fuEukafdr esa ls nl laKk 'kCnksa dks vyx fyf[k, %&

jktk tud dh iq=kh lhrk dk fookg v;ksè;k ds jktk n'kjFk ds iq=k Jhjke ls gqvk Fkk A
lhrk th dh rhu cfgusa & mfeZyk] ek.Moh vkSj JqfrdhfrZ FkhaA jktk tud fefFkyk ds jktk FksA
Jhjke ds rhu HkkbZ y{e.k] Hkjr vkSj 'k=kq?u Fks A jkek;.k] jkepfjrekul ifo=k xzaFk gSaA

____________________________ ____________________________
1 2
____________________________ ____________________________
3 4
____________________________ ____________________________
5 6
____________________________ ____________________________
7 8
____________________________ ____________________________
9 10

2- vius d{kk&d{k dh oLrqvksa ds uke fy[kks %& tSls %& iqLrd

____________________________ ____________________________
1 2
____________________________ ____________________________
3 4

13
 ____________________________ ____________________________
5 6
3- vki ?kj ls fo|ky; vkrs&tkrs gSaA jkLrs esa vki cgqr dqN ns[krs gSaA d`i;k N% uke fy[kks %&

____________________________ ____________________________
1 2
____________________________ ____________________________
3 4
____________________________ ____________________________
5 6
4- vc vki ?kj ij gSaA ?kj esa vki tks phtsa ns[k jgs gSa mUgsa Hkh fy[k nhft, %&

____________________________ ____________________________
1 2
____________________________ ____________________________
3 4
____________________________ ____________________________
5 6
5- vc rks vki laKk le> x, gksaxsA vius fe=kksa ds N% uke fy[k nhft, tks vkids lcls vPNs
fe=k gSaA

____________________________ ____________________________
1 2
____________________________ ____________________________
3 4
____________________________ ____________________________
5 6

14
 ikB 5 fyax (Gender) (Male or Female)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj fyax (Gender) ds ckjs esa le>saxsA

vè;kid nhnh HkS;k (Nk=k) cfgu (Nk=kk)

'ksj xk; eksj fcYyh

mi;ZqDr fp=kksa dks è;ku ls nsf[k,A buesa dqN 'kCn iq#"k tkfr ls rFkk dqN 'kCn L=kh tkfr ls lacaf/r
gSaA bUgsa ge iqfYyax vkSj L=khfyax dgrs gSaA
vc vki ,d lwph if<+,A dqN fp=k fn, gSa A

iqfYyax L=khfyax
1- nso 1- nsoh
2- gkFkh 2- gfFkuh
3- nknk 3- nknh
4- ukuk 4- ukuh
5- ekek 5- ekeh
6- iq=k 6- iq=kh
15
 7- ckyd 7- ckfydk
8- firk 8- ekrk
9- ifr 9- iRuh
10- 'ksj 10- 'ksjuh
11- f'k"; 11- f'k";k
12- ekSlk 12- ekSlh
13- dq Ùkk 13- dqfr;k
14- ukSdj 14- ukSdjkuh
15- cdjk 15- cdjh
16- pwgk 16- pqfg;k

vkius vHkh rd ltho laKk,¡ i<+haA vc vki futhZo oLrqvksa ds fy, dqN iz;ksx lh[k ysa A
iqfYyax L=khfyax

dEI;wVj ekÅl dqlhZ isafly

di larjk dsryh iqLrd

16
blh izdkj iqfYyax] L=khfyax 'kCnksa dks fyf[k, %
iqfYyax L=khfyax
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
1- 2- 1- 2-
_______________ _______________ _______________ _______________
3- 4- 3- 4-

fo'ks"k % okD; esa drkZ ds vuqlkj gh fØ;k dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA drkZ iqfYyax gS rks fØ;k Hkh
iqfYyax gksxh vkSj drkZ L=khfyax gS rks fØ;k Hkh L=khfyax dh gh iz;ksx dh tkrh gS A
mnkgj.k le>dj vki Hkh nks okD; fyf[k, %&
_____________________________
1- psru fo|ky; tkrk gS A (iqfYyax) 1-
_____________________________
2- xhrk efUnj tkrh gS A (L=khfyax) 2-

vH;kl dk;Z

fuEukafdr fp=kksa ds uhps iqfYyax] L=khfyax vyx&vyx fyf[k,%

?kksM+k yM+dk pqfg;k fcYyh

eksj 'ksj cdjh yksVk

17
v pkj&pkj 'kCn iqfYyax] L=khfyax vyx&vyx fyf[k, %&
iqfYyax L=khfyax
1- ----------------------- 1- -------------------
2- ----------------------- 2- -------------------
3- ----------------------- 3- -------------------
4- ----------------------- 4- -------------------
fyax cny dj fyf[k, %
iqfYyax L=khfyax iqfYyax L=khfyax
jktk jkuh ---------------- ukuh
vè;kid ------------- ---------------- ukf;dk
ekyh ------------- ---------------- ukSdjkuh
/ksch ------------- ---------------- pqfg;k
yM+dk ------------- ---------------- Å¡Vuh
dqÙkk ------------- --------------- xkf;dk
gal ------------- --------------- cqvk
HkkbZ ------------- --------------- lsBkuh

fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %

izú1- fyax fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gaS \
__________________________________
mú
izú2- fyax dh ifjHkk"kk fyf[k, \
__________________________________
mú

fuEufyf[kr okD;kas dks fyax cny dj fyf[k, %

1- jktk iztk dh lsok djrk gS A
2- yM+dh iQwy rksM+rh gS A
3- eNqvkjk eNyh idM+rk gS A
4- nthZ diM+kas dh flykbZ djrk gS A
5- ukSdj ikuh nsrk gS A
6- dqÙkk nkSM+rk gS A
7- iafMr ea=k i<+rs gSa A
8- nso izlUu gksrs gSa A
1- -----------------------------------
2- -----------------------------------
3- -----------------------------------
4- -----------------------------------
5- -----------------------------------
6- -----------------------------------
7- -----------------------------------
8- -----------------------------------
18
ikB 6 opu (Number)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj cpu (Number) dks i<a+sxs] le>saxs

vkSj vH;kl djsaxs A
,d opu cgqopu

,d fpfM+;k vusd fpfM+;k¡

,d irax vusd iraxas

,d rksrk vusd rksrs

19
vki mi;ZqDr fp=kksa esa ,d fpfM+;k] ,d irax rFkk ,d rksrk ckb± vksj ns[k jgs gSaA bUgha fp=kksa esa nkb±
vksj vusd gSaA ,d dk Kku djkus okyh laKkvksa dks ,d opu rFkk ,d ls vf/d dk cks/ djkus
okyh laKkvksa dks cgqopu dgsaxs A
opu ds nks izdkj
1- ,d opu %
,d oLrq izk.kh] LFkku vkfn dk cks/ djokus okys 'kCnksa dks ,d opu dgrs gSaA
tSls & gkFkh] dey] rksrk] eksj] iqLrd vkfn A
2- cgqopu %
,d ls vf/d oLrqvksa] izkf.k;ksa] LFkkuksa vkfn dk cks/ djokus okys 'kCnksa dks cgqopu dgrs
gSaA tSls % eNfy;k¡] yM+ds] pknjsa] iraxsa] dEifu;k¡ vkfn A
fo'ks"k %
ge lnSo vius ls cM+ksa dks lEeku nsrs gSaA blh dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, lEeku nsus ds fy, ge
cgqopu dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA
tSls %& firk th vk jgs gSaA
ekrk th Hkkstu cuk jgh gSaA
Hkxoku loZO;kid gSaA

fo'ks"k % dqN yksx rw ;k rqe 'kCn dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA ;g Bhd ugha gS A

,dopu rFkk cgqopu d.Bkxz djus ds fy, %&

,d opu cgqopu ,d opu cgqopu
eNyh eNfy;k¡ dejk dejs
xeyk xeys dqÙkk dqÙks
dsyk dsys iÙkk iÙks
isafly isaflysa jksVh jksfV;k¡
jk[kh jkf[k;k¡ ckYVh ckfYV;k¡
20
cfgu cfgusa cLrk cLrs
rksrk rksrs lkbfdy lkbfdysa
eqxhZ eqfxZ;k¡ xksyh xksfy;k¡
vk¡[k vk¡[ksa cUnwd cUnwdsa
?kksM+k ?kksM+s felkby felkbysa
yksVk yksVs uD'kk uD'ks
fcYyh fcfYy;k¡ Hkk"kk Hkk"kk,¡
dU;k dU;k,¡ cPpk cPps
cgw cgq,¡ unh ufn;k¡
fo'ks"k %
okD; esa drkZ ds vuqlkj gh fØ;k dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS A ;fn drkZ ,d opu gS rks fØ;k Hkh
mlds vuqlkj ,dopu dh gksxh vkSj ;fn drkZ cgqopu gS rks fØ;k Hkh cgqopu gksxh A
tSls %

1- eNyh rSjrh gSA

(,d opu)

2- eNfy;k¡ rSjrh gSaA

(cgqopu)

vH;kl dk;Z
uhps fy[ks iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %
iz'u 1- opu ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
_________________________________________________________________________________
mÙkj %

iz'u 2- opu fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gSa\

_________________________________________________________________________________
mÙkj %
21
fuEukafdr dks ,dopu ;k cgqopu dh igpku djds fyf[k, %
1- dq yh ¾ ------------------------ 7- vyekjh ¾ ------------------------
2- xqfM+;k ¾ ------------------------ 8- yqfV;k ¾ ------------------------
3- feBkb;k¡ ¾ ------------------------ 9- fL=k;k¡ ¾ ------------------------
4- nokb;k¡ ¾ ------------------------ 10- cqjkbZ ¾ ------------------------
5- dsyk ¾ ------------------------ 11- irax ¾ ------------------------
6- ikB'kkyk ¾ ------------------------ 12- larjs ¾ ------------------------

fuEukafdr 'kCnksa dks okD; ds vuqlkj le>dj p;u djds fjDr LFkkuksa esa fyf[k,&
frrfy;k¡] ?kj] cPps] flusek?kjksa] ikS/k] iQwyksa A
1- -------------- iQwyksa dk jl pwlrh gaS A
2- ekyh ------------------- jksirk gS A
3- ;g esjk --------------- gS A
4- ---------------------- ikdZ esa [ksyrs gSa A
5- vktdy ------------------ esa HkhM+ ugha gksrh A
6- cxhps esa vkt --------------------- dh cgkj gS A
vki bu fp=kksa dks igpkusa fiQj ,d opu esa mudk uke fy[ksa mlds vkxs mudk cgqopu dk :i
cukdj Hkh fy[k nhft, &

,d opu
1- isafly (mnkgj.k)
2- -------------------------
3- -------------------------
4- -------------------------
cgqopu
isaflysa
---------------------------
---------------------------
---------------------------

22
 ikB 7 loZuke (Pronoun)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj loZuke (Pronoun) ds ckjs esa i<+saxs A

loZuke ¾ loZ $ uke loZ vFkkZr~ lHkh dk uke vFkkZr~ lHkh ds uke dk izfrfuf/ A
1- nhfidk xkrh gS A
2- og xkrh gS A
3- /ou fe=kksa ds lkFk gkdh [ksyrk gS A
4- os gkdh [ksyrs gSa A
5- vkfnR; us dgk fd mlus 'ka[k ctk;k A
6- esjk uke fnus'k gS] eSa Le`fr dk HkkbZ gw¡ A
7- ufUnuh jes'k dh cfgu gS A
8- ufUnuh mldh cfgu gS A
mi;qZDr okD;ksa esa og] os] mlus] eSa] mldh vkfn 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx laKk 'kCnksa ds LFkku ij fd;k x;k
gS A ;s lc loZuke 'kCn gSaA
tks 'kCn laKk ds LFkku ij iz;ksx gksrs gSa ;k cksys tkrs gSa] mUgsa loZuke dgrs gSaA
bUgsa Hkh lef>, % loZuke 'kCn Hk.Mkj
og] mlus] mldh] mldk] mlls] mlesa] ml ij] vki]vkidks] vkidk] vkius] vki esa] vki ij]
vki ls] eSa] esjk] eq>s] eq>dks] eq>esa] eq>ls] eq> ij] rqe] rsjk] rq>s] rqEgsa] rqeus] rqedks] rqEgkjk] rqe
ij] ge] gekjk] gesa] ge ls] ge ij] geus] geesa] gedksA
vH;kl dk;Z
iz'uksa ds mÙkj lqys[k esa fyf[k, %&
iz-ú 1-loZuke ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
_________________________________________________________________________________
mÙkj %
iz- ú2-loZuke dks ge D;ksa iz;ksx djrs gSa \
_________________________________________________________________________________
mÙkj %

23
fjDr LFkkuksa esa mfpr loZuke 'kCn Nk¡Vdj fy[k nhft, &
mlus] eSa] mUgsa] esjk] vki] og] gekjs] gekjk
1- iz/kukpk;Z us ----------------------- iqjLdkj iznku fd, A
2- ---------------------- r`rh; d{kk esa i<+rk gw¡A
3- --------------------- vfr lqUnj Hkk"k.k fn;k gS A
4- vfpUR; --------------------------- HkkbZ gS A
5- ------------------------------ egs'k dh lxh cfgu gSA
6- D;k ----------------------- eq>s fgUnh i<+k,¡xs \
7- fo|ky; ------------------------ fo|k efUnj gS A
8- ---------------------- fo|ky; ds HkS;k@cfgu es/koh gSa A

&% dgkuh dk dkyk¡'k %&

,d exjePN FkkA og ,d unh esa jgrk FkkA mldh fe=krk Hkksyw cUnj ls gks xbZA ,d fnu exjePN
us viuh iRuh ls ;g ckr crkbZA iRuh us dgk & eSa cgqr ykyph gw¡A mlus exjePN ls cUnj dk
fny ykus dks dgkA exjePN us Hkksyw cUnj dks ?kj ij pyus ds fy, dgkA Hkksyw py iM+kA unh ds
chp esa igq¡pus ij exjePN us viuh iRuh dh ckr Hkksyw dks crkbZ A Hkksyw lksprk jgk vkSj og cksyk
fd eSa rks viuk fny isM+ ij j[k vk;k gw¡ A rqjUr okfil pyks A os nksuksa okfil isM+ ds ikl vk, A
Hkksyw isM+ ij p<+ x;k A mldk Mj fudy x;k Fkk A
vkidk dke % bl i|k¡'k esa ls loZuke 'kCn Nk¡fV, fiQj loZuke 'kCn okys okD; dks iwjk fyf[k,A
tSls % 1- mldh fe=krk Hkksyw cUnj ls gks xbZA
2-
3-
4-
5-
6-
dgkuh ls lh[k fyf[k, % ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

24
vc rks vkius loZuke dks le> fy;k gksxk A vki loZuke cukdj fuEukafdr okD;ksa dk iquysZ[ku
dhft, %&
tSls %&
1- vfpZr [kkuk [kkrk gS A
2- ehuk i<+rh gS A
3- jfo fo|ky; tkrk gSA
4- vk;q"k esjk lPpk fe=k gSA
5- iquhr bUnq dk HkkbZ gSA
6- vadq'k us esjh iqLrd yhA
7- jfo vkSj vk;q"k lkFk&2 fo|ky; tkrs gSaA
8- jtr us izfr;ksfxrk esa Hkkx fy;k A
1- og [kkuk [kkrk gSA (mnkgj.k)
2- ------------------------------------------------
3- ------------------------------------------------
4- ------------------------------------------------
5- ------------------------------------------------
6- ------------------------------------------------
7- ------------------------------------------------
8- ------------------------------------------------

vaxwj [kV~Vs gSa

bfPNr oLrq u feyus ij ml oLrq dks gh [kjkc crkuk

25
 ikB 8 fo'ks"k.k (Adjective)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj fo'ks"k.k (Adjective) ds ckjs esa le>saxs A

'kfDr'kkyh O;fDr
psgjk (lqUnj)

'kjhj (lqMkSy)
Hkqtk,¡ (yEch)

deht (ihyh)

iSaV (liQsn)

twrs (dkys)
bl 'kfDr'kkyh O;fDr dh dqN fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa tSls deht (ihyh) gS A psgjk (lqUnj) gS A Hkqtk,¡
(yEch) gSa A 'kjhj (lqMkSy) gS A iSaV (liQsn) gS A twrs (dkys) gSa A
;gk¡ jaxhu 'kCn fo'ks"k.k gSa A
ftu 'kCnksa ds }kjk laKk ;k loZuke dh fo'ks"krk crkbZ tkrh gS mUgsa fo'ks"k.k dgk tkrk gS A
ge ;gk¡ fo'ks"k.k ds pkj izdkjksa dks le>saxsA
1- xq.k okpd (Adjective of Quality)
2- la[;k okpd (Adjective of Number)
3- ifjek.k okpd (Adjective of Quantity)
4- ladsr okpd (Adjective of Demonstrative)
26
 vH;kl dk;Z
iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %&
izú1- fo'ks"k.k fy[kdj le>kb, A
_________________________________________________________________________________
mú
izú2- fo'ks"k.k fdrus izdkj ds gksrs gSa \
_________________________________________________________________________________
mú
izú3- fo'ks"k.k ds izdkj fyf[k, \
_________________________________________________________________________________
mú
bu okD;ksa esa fo'ks"k.k 'kCn fn, x, gSa A D;k vki mUgsa tkurs gSa\ ,sls 'kCnksa ds uhps js[kk [khafp, A
1- egkRek xk¡/h lR;oknh Fks A
2- ujsUnz eksnh izxfr'khy iz/kuea=kh gSa A
3- egs'k es/koh Nk=k gS A
4- y{ehckbZ >k¡lh dh egkjkuh FkhaA
5- vferkHk cPpu dks egkuk;d dgk tkrk gS A
bu fp=kksa dks nsf[k, A buesa vusd fo'ks"k.k fNis gSa A vki rhu fo'ks"k.k [kksft, vkSj fyf[k, %&

phrk fo|ky;

dey dk iQwy fcYyh

27
vc vki lgh tksM+s cukdj feyku dhft, %
1- 2 fd- xzke 1- xk;
2- dkyh 2- flag
3- nq/k# 3- yM~Mw
4- 'kfDr'kkyh 4- o`{k
5- ehBk 5- iq"i
6- [kq'kcwnkj 6- jk"Vª èot
7- frjaxk 7- frryh
8- eksVk 8- gkFkh
9- iQynkj 9- nw/
10- jax fcjaxh 10- fcYyh

&% dgkuh dkyk¡'k %&

fuEukafdr dgkuh esa vk, fo'ks"k.k 'kCnksa ij xksy ?ksjk cukb, A

,d gkFkh /hjs&/hjs pyrk gqvk unh ij igq¡pk A unh dk ikuh BaMk Fkk A ,d lqUnj fgj.k Hkh vk
x;kA gkFkh rhu fnu ls I;klk Fkk A ikuh ihdj nks (2) fDoaVy xUuk [kk;k A gkFkh us BaMs ikuh ls
Luku fd;k A

28
 ikB 9 fØ;k (Verb)

HkS;k@cfguksa vkt ge lc feydj fØ;k (Verb) ds ckjs esa i<+saxs]

le>saxs vkSj fy[ksaxs A
js[kkafdr 'kCnksa dks lef>, vkSj fp=k nsf[k, A

1- Fkksch diM+s /ksrk gS A

2- fpfM+;k vkdk'k esa mM+rh gS A

3- dqÙks HkkSadrs gSa A

4- fgj.k rst nkSM+rk gS A

5- ekyh ikS/ksa dks ikuh nsrk gS A

6- iÙkk isM+ ls fxjrk gS A

7- cPpk lkbfdy pykrk gS A

8- nh{kk nw/ ihrh gS A

mÙkj esa fØ;k fyf[k, %&

iz- 1- /ksch D;k djrk gS \
iz- 2- fpfM+;k¡ vkdk'k esa D;k djrh gS \
iz- 3- dqÙks D;k djrs gSa \
iz- 4- fgj.k D;k djrk gS \
mÙkj % /ksrk gS A
mÙkj % ------------------------------
mÙkj % ------------------------------
mÙkj % ------------------------------
29
iz- 5- ekyh D;k djrk gS \ mÙkj % ------------------------------
iz- 6- iÙkk isM+ ls D;k gksrk gS \ mÙkj % ------------------------------
iz- 7- cPpk D;k djrk gS \ mÙkj % ------------------------------
iz- 8- nh{kk D;k djrh gS \ mÙkj % ------------------------------

ftu 'kCnksa ls dke ds djus ;k gksus dk cks/ gks mUgsa fØ;k dgrs gSa A
fØ;k nks izdkj dh gksrh gS A
1- vdeZd fØ;k %
1- eksuw g¡lrk gS A 3- jghe lks jgk Fkk A
2- uhrk lksrh gS A 4- pEik i<+ jgh Fkh A
2- ldeZd fØ;k %
1- lksgu i=k fy[krk gS A
2- lfjrk nw/ ihrh gS A
3- jksg.k eNyh idM+rk gS A
4- flag f'kdkj djrk gS A

fuEukafdr fp=kksa esa dke ds gksus dk cks/ gksrk gS A fp=kksa dks nsf[k, vkSj lef>, A
;g gokbZ tgkt gS A

;gk¡ cgqr ls tkuoj gSa A

HkkjrjRu Hkhejko vEcsMdj gq, A

vCnqy dyke jk"Vªifr Fks A

mi;qZDr fp=kksa esa gS] gSa] Fks] gq,] 'kCnksa ls dke ds gksus dk vkHkkl gks jgk gS A ,sls 'kCn Hkh fØ;k gSa A
fo'ks"k % okD; esa fØ;k] fyax vkSj opu ds vuqlkj ifjofrZr gksrh gS A
30
 vH;kl dk;Z
iz'u % fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %&
1- fØ;k fdls dgrs gSa \ mú % -----------------------------------
2- fØ;k ds Hksn fyf[k, \ mú % -----------------------------------
(fØ;k 'kCn Hk.Mkj)
g¡luk] jksuk] [kkuk] ihuk] lksuk] pyuk] nkSM+uk] cSBuk] #duk] lh[kuk] cspuk] [kjhnuk] ns[kuk]
djuk] i<+uk] mBuk] xkuk] tkxuk] crkuk] dkVuk] ihVuk] ykuk] pquuk] /ksuk] ctkuk] ukpuk]
fxjuk] p<+uk] mM+uk] tyuk] lh[kuk A
HkS;k @ cfgu th fuEukafdr fp=kksa esa dke dk djuk gks jgk gS A nsf[k,] lksfp,] lef>, fØ;k 'kCn
dks js[kkafdr dhft, A

Vh-oh- ns[kuk irax mM+kuk lkbfdy pykuk

nw/ ihuk diM+s izSl djuk A

fjDr LFkkuksa dks iwjk djus dk dkyk¡'k gS A 'kCn fn, gSa A lkspdj Hkj nhft, %&
djrk gS] ek¡xrk gS] <ksrk gS] mM+krk gS] pykrk gS] cksyrk gS] nsrh gS] [kkrk gS A
1- ik;yV gokbZ tgkt ----------------- gS A
2- Mªkboj jsy xkM+h ---------------------------- gS A
3- gkFkh lokjh ---------------------- gS A
4- iquhr vke --------------------- gS A
5- fHk[kkjh Hkh[k ------------------- gS A
6- xk; nw/ ----------------------- gS A
31
7- lSfud ns'k lsok ----------------------- gS A
8- iafMr ea=k ----------------------- gS A
&% dgkuh dkyk¡'k %&
,d cM+k jktk dk csVk nks fnu ls Fkk Hkw[kk ysVkA rhu egkRek ns[kus vk;s] pkj nok dh iqfM+;k yk;sA
ik¡p feuV esa xeZ djkb±] N%&N% ?kaVs ckn fiykb±A lkrosa fnu fiQj vk¡[ksa [kksyh] vkBosa fnu jkuh ls
cksykA uksosa fnu dqN fgEer vk;h] nlosa fnu fiQj nkSM+ yxkbZA

miZ;qDr fp=k esa dqN dke djrs gq, fn[kkbZ nsrs gSa A vki nks dke fyf[k, %&

__________________________________________________________________________________
1-
__________________________________________________________________________________
2-

32
 ikB 10 'kq¼&v'kq¼ (Correct & Incorrect)

HkS;k@cfguksa! vkt ge lc feydj 'kq¼@v'kq¼ ds ckjs esa i<+saxs]

le>saxs vkSj fy[ksaxs A
'kCn vfeV] v[k.M gS A vr% 'kq¼ fy[kuk] cksyuk o i<+uk pkfg, A vkb, bl ij Hkh fopkj djsa A
gesa vPNs ifj.kke izkIr gksaxs] ;g Hkh lR; gS A
nSfud mi;ksx ds 'kCn %
v'kq¼ 'kCn 'kq¼ 'kCn v'kq¼ 'kCn 'kq¼ 'kCn
doh dfo vfrFkh vfrfFk
Nek {kek ewj[k ew[kZ
X;kuh Kkuh fufr uhfr
jek;u jkek;.k vfufr vuhfr
'kq# 'kq: funz; funZ;
fgUnq fgUnw ukxjhd ukxfjd
vo/h vof/ nqjyHk nqyZHk
vuqdqy vuqdwy foirh foifÙk
Jhefr Jherh lrdkj lRdkj
ujkt ukjkt lrØe lRdeZ
ifRu iRuh folrkj foLrkj
frFkh frfFk tXe taxe
fnikoyh nhikoyh fujxq.k fuxqZ.k
dfo;=kh dof;=kh ykSdhd ykSfdd
foew[k foeq[k lqj; lw;Z
bLV b"V foè;ky; fo|ky;
nh?kz nh?kZ ijtkra=k iztkra=k
vezr ve`r egkrek egkRek
fj.k Í.k O;ogkfjd O;kogkfjd
fjrq Írq bfrgkfld ,sfrgkfld
33
 vH;kl dk;Z
fuEukafdr vuqPNsn esa v'kqf¼;k¡ gSa A vki ,sls 'kCnksa dks <¡w<dj xksy ?ksjk yxk,¡ A =kqfVjfgr ys[ku
dk vH;kl@'kq¼ djds fyf[k, %
gekjs foè;ky; esa lh?kz gh ijh{kk gksus okyh gS A lHkh HkS;k @ cfgu vius ekrk&firk ls vk'khokZn
ysrs gS A fo|ky; esa xhrk t;afr euk;h tkrh gS A ge fcekj gksus ij izkFkZuk i=k Hkstrs gS A fnikoy
dk ioZ /we/ke ls eukrs gS A

fuEukafdr v'kq¼ 'kCnksa dks 'kq¼ fy[k nhft, %

v'kq¼ 'kCn 'kq¼ 'kCn v'kq¼ 'kCn 'kq¼ 'kCn
nokbZ;k¡ --------------- cjkr ---------------
d`I;k --------------- fcekj ---------------
iz'ku --------------- xq: ---------------
fpM+h;k¡ --------------- t;afr ---------------
D;ksadh --------------- LFkkbZ ---------------

'kq¼ 'kCnksa ij Bhd (4) dk fpg~u yxkb, A

1- bLdwy ----------------- 2- LokLFk; ------------------ 3- t;arh ---------------- 4- lsfud -------------

5- yMdh;k¡ ------------- 6- NBh --------------------- 7- O;kdj.k ----------------- 8- vxuh -----------------

9- ew[kZ -------------------- 10- egkrek ----------------- 11- foLrkj ---------------- 12- ujkt -------------------

34
 ikB 11 foykse (Antonyms)
vkt ge lc feydj foykse 'kCnksa ds ckjs esa i<+saxs]
le>saxs vkSj fy[ksaxsa A
eghus esa nks i{k & 'kqDy i{k & d`".k i{k (mtkyk] va/sjk) jkepUnz th ds fe=k lqxzho rFkk
foHkh"k.k FksA 'k=kq ckfy rFkk jko.k Fks A
Jhjke % fe=k & lqxzho] foHkh"k.k
'k=kq & ckfy] jko.k
mi;qZDr 'kCn & 'kqDy&i{k] d`".k&i{k rFkk 'k=kq] fe=k
mtkyk] va/sjk ,d nwljs ls myVk vFkZ nsrs gSa A bUgsa foijhrkFkZd 'kCn @ foykse 'kCn
dgrs gSa A
foijhrkFkZd 'kCn mYVk vFkZ nsrs gSa A ;s 'kCn bl izdkj ls tksM+s cu tkrs gSa tks vius vFkZ esa izfl¼
gks x, gSa A
fuEukafdr 'kCnksa dh lwph blh izdkj cukbZ xbZ gS A vki ;kn djsa vkSj iz;ksx esa yk,¡A
'kCn foykse 'kCn foykse
dfBu ljy lqj vlqj
vk'kk fujk'kk vknj vuknj
dksey dBksj fnu jkr
ve`r fo"k vkdk'k ikrky
tUe ej.k vehj xjhc
iz'u mÙkj 'k=kq fe=k
gkfu ykHk vk;k x;k
uohu izkphu vkx ikuh
LoxZ udZ vPNk cqjk
jktk jad mn; vLr
xq.k voxq.k vkt dy
?k`.kk izse ?kj ckgj
,d vusd ekuo nkuo
35
'kqHk v'kqHk jksuk g¡luk
lR; vlR; tM+ psru
ns'k fons'k iki iq.;

vH;kl dk;Z
1- Lo;a ckjg 'kCn fy[kdj buds foykse 'kCn fyf[k, %
'kCn foykse 'kCn foykse

2- fuEukafdr 'kCn fn, x, gSa A vki bUgsa foijhr vFkZ nsus okys 'kCnksa ds tksM+s cukdj Øekuqlkj
fy[k nhft, %
lq[k] ykHk] ikrky] ty] Fky] uhpk] /eZ] fu;kZr] gkfu] vkdk'k] nq%[k] Å¡pk] v/eZ] vk;kr ]
fons'k] lqUnj] iq.;] vPNk] vlR;] iki] lR;] cqjk] vlqUnj] ns'kA

'kCn foykse 'kCn foykse

mnkgj.k ykHk gkfu

36
3- fuEukafdr lR;&rF; v/wjs gSa vki iw.kZ dj nhft, A
1- ;q¼ esa jke dh thr vkSj jko.k dh -------------------------- gqbZ A
2- egkHkkjr esa dkSjo gkjs vkSj ikaMo ---------------------- Fks A
3- lR; dh ges'kk thr vkSj vlR; dh -------------------- gksrh gS A
4- fnu esa izdk'k vkSj jkf=k esa -------------------- gksrk gS A
5- 'kqDy i{k ds ckn ------------------------------ i{k vkrk gS A
6- nq%[k esa lqfeju lc djsa ------------------- esa djs u dks; A

4- Bhd tksM+s cukdj feyku djsa A i<+sa] lkspsa] le>sa fiQj js[kk }kjk Li"V djsa A
1- mn; (mnkgj.k) ijk;k
2- va/dkj mÙkj
3- viuk fu/Zu
4- iz'u vLr
5- /uh v'kqHk
6- 'kqHk izdk'k
5- HkS;k @ cfguksa vki fuEukafdr okD;ksa dks i<+dj] le>dj Bhd (4) ;k (8) xyr ds fpg~u
yxkb, %
'kCn foykse
d) eksVk iryk
[k) fnu nksigj
x) iz'u mÙkj
?k) vkx feV~Vh
M) ljy dfBu

37
 ikB 12 i;kZ;okph (lekukFkZd) 'kCn (Synonyms)
vkt ge lc feydj i;kZ;okph (Synonyms) 'kCnksa ds
ckjs esa i<+saxs] le>saxs vkSj fy[ksaxs A
fgUnh fo"k; jkspd rFkk Kkuo/Zd gS A lalkj] nqfu;k] fo'o] txr rFkk gok] ok;q] iou] lehj ,sls
uke [kwc izpfyr gSa A
ftu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ leku (,d tSlk) le> esa vk, ,sls 'kCnksa dks lekukFkhZ ;k i;kZ;okph dgrs
gSaA
bu 'kCnksa ls gekjk O;fDrxr 'kCndks"k Hkh c<+rk gS A
vc vki i;kZ;okph 'kCndks"k ;kn djsa %
dey] uhjt] tyt] iadt pUnzek&lq/kdj] e;ad] 'kf'k

i;kZ;okph 'kCn
1- vk¡[k & u;u] ykspu] us=k
2- iQwy & lqeu] iq"i] dqlqe
3- gok & vfuy] iou] lehj
4- lalkj & tx] fo'o] yksd
5- i{kh & [kx] fogax] uHkpj
6- vfXu & ikod] vuy] ngu
7- vuqpj & nkl] lsod] ukSdj
8- vkdk'k & vkleku] xxu] uHk
9- gkFkh & xt] gLrh] djh
10- lw;Z & jfo] Hkkuq] fnudj
38
11- ty & uhj] ikuh] okfj
12- iq=k & lqr] yM+dk] csVk
13- ekrk & tuuh] ek¡] vEck
14- jkr & fu'kk] jtuh] jkf=k
15- guqeku & ioulqr] egkohj] jkenwr
16- flag & oujkt] dsljh] 'ksj
17- lksuk & dapu] dud] fgj.;] lqo.kZ] Lo.kZ
18- liZ & lk¡i] ukx] Hkqtax
19- 'kjhj & dk;k] ru] nsg
20- leqnz & lkxj] jRukdj] fla/q
21- jkLrk & ekxZ] iFk] jkg
22- jktk & u`i] Hkwi] Hkwifr] ujs'k
23- e`R;q & ekSr] fu/u] nsgkar
24- es?k & ckny] tyn] ?ku
25- i`Foh & Hkw] Hkwfe] /jrh
26- iq=kh & lqrk] yM+dh] csVh
27- ukjh & efgyk] ckyk] L=kh
28- uj & ekuo] euq";] vkneh
29- nksLr & fe=k] l[kk] lkFkh
30- rkykc & lj] ljksoj] tyk'k;
vH;kl dk;Z
fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, A
iz- 1- i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
_________________________________________________________________________________
m- 1-
iz- 2- i;kZ;okph 'kCnksa ls D;k ykHk gS \
_________________________________________________________________________________
m- 2-

39
2- fuEukafdr ds nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn fy[k nhft, %
1- jktk ¾
2- lksuk ¾
3- iQwy ¾
4- vfXu ¾
5- ty ¾
6- lw;Z ¾
7- ekrk ¾
8- ok;q ¾
9- O;kse ¾
10- Lo.kZ ¾

3- vki lgh ij (4) rFkk xyr ij (8) dk fpg~u yxk nhft, %&
(p) iQwy ¾ tx] fo'o] yksd
(N) lw;Z ¾ jfo] Hkkuq] fnudj
(t) flag ¾ ekxZ] iFk] jkg
(>) jktk ¾ ckny] tyn] ?ku
(×k) ukjh ¾ efgyk] L=kh] ckyk

4- jax Hkfj, (vius gkFk dk xq.k)

40
 ikB 13 okD; (Sentence)

vkt ge lc feydj okD; (Sentence) ds ckjs esa

i<+saxs vkSj le>saxs A
lkFkZd 'kCnksa dk lewg okD; dgykrk gS A
gkFkh /hjs pyrk gS A lSfud lhek ij xksyh pykrs gSa A

cqysV Vªsu nkSM+rh gS A iz/kuea=kh ns'k dks lEcksf/r djrs gSa A

bu okD;ksa esa gkFkh] lSfud] cqysV Vªsu] iz/ku ea=kh 'kCn drkZ gSa A bu 'kCnksa dks mís'; dgrs gSa A dke
djus okys (mís'; @ drkZ) ds ckjs esa tks dqN dgk tk, og fo/s; dgykrk gS A
drkZ (mís';) fo/s;
1- gkFkh /hjs pyrk gS A
2- lSfud lhek ij xksyh pykrs gSa A
3- cqysV Vªsu nkSM+rh gS A
4- iz/ku ea=kh ns'k dks lacksf/r djrs gSa A
fuEukafdr okD;ksa esa mís'; Hkh gS vkSj fo/s; Hkh gS A vki mís'; vkSj fo/s; vyx&vyx fyf[k,A
okD; mís'; fo/s;
1- jke us jko.k dks ekjk A
2- eq[;ea=kh p.Mhx<+ esa jgrs gSa A
3- lfpu fØdsV [ksyrs gSa A
41
4- jk"Vªifr fnYyh esa jgrs gSa A
5- Jh euksgj yky [kV~Vj gfj;k.kk ds eq[;ea=kh gSa A
1- vki fp=kksa dks ns[ksa] lkspsa] le>sa] okD; esa mís'; (drkZ) vafdr gS] vki dks fo/s; fy[kuk
gSA

1- nhnh ---------------------- 2- fo|kFkhZ -------------------- 3- f'k'kq -----------------------

;gk¡ vkidks mís'; (drkZ) fy[kuk gS A

------------------- [kksa [kksa djrs gSa A ------------------- tkrk gS A --------------------- nkSM+rk gS A

vH;kl dk;Z
2- fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %&
iz-1- okD; fdls dgrs gSa \
m- ----------------------------------------------
iz-2- okD; ds fdrus Hkkx gksrs gSa \
m- ----------------------------------------------
iz-3- okD; ds Hkkxksa ds uke fy[ksa \
m- ----------------------------------------------
3- fuEukafdr ds lkeus xyr dks (8) rFkk Bhd dks (4) fpg~u yxkb, %
(p) eksgu fy[krk gS ¾ eksgu fo/s; gS A
(N) og lksrk gS ¾ og mís'; (drkZ) gS A
42
(t) ehuk xkrh gS ¾ ^^xkrh gS** fo/s; gS A
(>) flag ngkM+rk gS ¾ ^^flag** mís'; drkZ gS A
(u) pwgk nkSM+rk gS ¾ ^^nkSM+rk gS** fo/s; gS A

vki cxhps dks è;ku ls ns[ksa A lkspsa] le>sa fiQj dqN okD; cuk,¡ A mís'; (drkZ) vkSj fo/s; dks
O;ofLFkr djds fy[ksa %
mís'; (drkZ) fo/s;
1-
2-
3-
4-

43
 ikB 14 vuqPNsn&ys[ku (Paragraph Writing)

vkt ge vuqPNsn ys[ku (Paragraph-Writing) ds ckjs

esa i<+saxs vkSj le>saxs A
LoPN Hkkjr & leFkZ Hkkjr
(jk"Vªfirk egkRek xka/h dk ,d liuk)
15 vxLr 2014 dks gekjs ns'k us viuk 68oka Lok/hurk fnol euk;kA ml le; ,d vuks[kh
?kVuk ?kVh A iz/kuea=kh ujsUnz eksnh th us ns'k dh izxfr ds fo"k; esa Hkk"k.k u nsdj ns'k esa iQSyh xanxh
rFkk mlds dqizHkkoksa ds fo"k; esa yksxksa dks crk;k A xk¡/h t;arh ds volj ij 2 vDrwcj dks
iz/kuea=kh us fof/or~ ^LoPN Hkkjr* vfHk;ku dk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k A bldk mn~ns'; lkoZtfud]
/kfeZd o vius vklikl lkiQ&liQkbZ j[kuk gS A bl vfHk;ku ds vUrxZr lHkh fo|kfFkZ;ksa]
deZpkfj;ksa rFkk lkekU; tu dks Hkkxhnkj cukdj ns'k esa iQSyh xanxh dks feVkuk gS A LoPN Hkkjr dk
vfHk;ku iwjk djus ds fy, yksxksa dks vius dÙkZO; ds izfr tkx:d gksuk gksxk A ;fn ;g vfHk;ku
liQy gksrk gS rks ^LoPN Hkkjr* xka/h th dk liuk iwjk gks ldrk gS vkSj Hkkjr dh Nfo lEiw.kZ
fo'o ds lEeq[k cny ldrh gS A iwjk fo'o gesa lEeku dh n`f"V ls ns[ksxk A

iz/kuea=kh tu&/u ;kstuk

izkphudky ls gh Jhjke] v'kksd] g"kZ] pUnzxqIr tSls 'kkld iztkfgr ds fy, vusd dk;ks± ds fy,
tkus tkrs gSa A orZeku esa Hkkjr ljdkj turk dh HkykbZ ds fy, vusd ;kstuk,¡ pyk jgh gS A blh ds
vUrxZr 15 vxLr] 2014 dks iz/kuea=kh ujsUnz eksnh }kjk tu&/u ;kstuk dk 'kqHkkjEHk fd;k x;kA
vkt Hkh gekjs ns'k dh vf/drj turk ewyHkwr lqfo/kvksa ls oafpr gS A tu&/u ;kstuk }kjk turk
dks LokLF; lEcU/h vPNh lqfo/k,¡ o /u dh vko';drk dks iwjk djuk gS A bl ;kstuk ds rgr
tuojh 2015 rd ik¡p djksM+ [kkrs [kksyus dk y{; j[kk x;kA ;s [kkrs fofHkUu cSadksa esa fcuk fdlh
'kqYd ds cSad dfeZ;ksa }kjk ns'k ds lHkh Hkkxksa esa [kksys x, A bl ;kstuk dk eq[; mn~ns'; t:jrean
rFkk xjhc yksxksa dks cSadksa rd ykuk gS A ftlls ;g oxZ Hkh ns'k dh eq[;/kjk esa 'kkfey gksdj ns'k
ds fodkl esa Hkkxhnkj cu lds A

44
 esjh ek¡
ek¡ dk I;kj nqfu;k esa lc ls cM+k gksrk gS A ek¡ 'kCn dgdj vkuUn vkSj lq%[k feyrk gS A ek¡ dks
gekjs 'kkL=kksa esa Hkxoku ekuk x;k gS A tSls Hkxoku nq%[kksa o ladVksa ls gekjh j{kk djrs gSa oSls gh ek¡
Hkh gekjk ikyu&iks"k.k djrh gS A ek¡ Lo;a nq%[k lgu dj cPpksa dks lq[k nsrh gS A eq>s esjh ek¡
nqfu;k esa lcls vPNh yxrh gS A esjh ek¡ gj vko';drk dk è;ku j[krh gS A esjh ek¡ ?kj esa lcls
igys mBrh gS A Luku djus ds ckn iwtk djrh gS A iwtk djus ds ckn gesa mBkrh gS vkSj uk'rk rS;kj
djus yxrh gS A ek¡ tc rd uk'rk cukrh gS ge ugk&/ks ysrs gSa A uk'rk djok dj Ldwy Hkstus esa
gekjh lgk;rk djrh gS A nksigj dk [kkuk gesa fMCcs esa can djds nsrh gS A nksigj ds le; ge lc
bdV~Bs cSB dj Hkkstu djrs gSa A dHkh&dHkh ge ,d nwljs dk [kkuk Hkh [kkrs gSa A esjs lHkh fe=k esjh
ek¡ ds gkFk dk cuk [kkuk ilUn djrs gSa A

vodk'k dk fnu
vodk'k ds fnu dh lHkh izrh{kk djrs gSa A fo'ks"k dj fo|kFkhZ rks bl fnu dh izrh{kk cM+h O;xzrk ls
djrs gSa A bl fnu lqcg tYnh mBus dh fpark ugha gksrh A lHkh nsj rd lks, jgrs gSa A Ldwy esa
vodk'k dh ?k.Vh ctrs gh lHkh fo|kFkhZ izlUu gksdj d{kkvksa ls ckgj vkrs gSa A tc mUgsa ;g irk
pyrk gS fd vxys fnu vodk'k gS rks fo|kfFkZ;ksa dh izlUurk dk fBdkuk ugha jgrk A vodk'k dh
lcls vf/d [kq'kh cPps mBkrs gSa A esjh ekrk th cSad esa lsok djrh gSa A diM+s /ksus ds fy, dsoy
vodk'k dk fnu gh gksrk gS A vodk'k ds fnu gekjs ?kj fo'ks"k O;atu curs gSa A nksigj ds Hkkstu ds
i'pkr~ FkksM+k vkjke djrs gSa A lk;a ds le; i<+kbZ dh fpUrk lrkus yxrh gS A cSx mBkdj fn;k x;k
dk;Z djus yxrs gSa A
vH;kl dk;Z
iz- 1- jk"Vª èot (frjaxk) ij ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k, A

iz- 2- vuqPNsn vH;kl ds fy, %& (vyx ls dkWih ij dfj,)

fo|ky;] fo|kFkhZ] lqUnj Hkou] m|ku] ekyh] iq"i] d{kk&d{k] vkpk;Z A
45
 ikB 15 os D;k djrs gSa \ (What do they do)

vkt ge tkusaxs fd fofHkUu dkeksa ds djus okyksa dks

,d 'kCn esa D;k dgrs gSa \

vè;kiu djus [ksrh

okyh djus okyk

diM+s /ksus iwtk djus@

okyk djkus okyk

okD;ka'k ds fy, ,d 'kCn

1- gesa lqj{kk nsrk gS &lqj{kkdehZ
2- ns'k dh lhek ij yM+us okyk &lSfud
3- [ksrh djus okyk &fdlku
4- etnwjh djus okyk &etnwj
5- vkyl esa jgus okyk &vkylh
6- cky dkVus okyk &ukbZ
7- yksgs ds vkStkj cukus okyk &yksgkj
8- fp=k cukus okyk &fp=kdkj
9- jksfx;ksa dks jksx ls eqDr djkus okyk &fpfdRld
10- feBkb;k¡ cukus okyk &gyokbZ
11- ewfrZ cukus okyk &ewfrZdkj
12- cl esa fVdV dkVus okyk &ifjpkyd (d.MDVj)
13- cl pykus okyk &pkyd
14- gokbZ tgkt pykus okyk &ik;yV
15- felkby cukus okyk &felkby eSu
16- vkKk ikyu djus okyk &vkKkdkjh
46
17- ijksidkj djus okyk &ijksidkjh
18- 'kgj esa jgus okyk &'kgjh
19- xk¡o esa jgus okyk &xzkeh.k
20- vfHku; djus okyk &vfHkusrk
21- jktuhfr djus okyk &jktusrk
22- ek¡l [kkus okyk &ek¡lkgkjh
23- 'kkd @ lCth [kkus okyk &'kkdkgkjh

vH;kl dk;Z
1- fuEukafdr fp=kksa dks nsf[k,] lksfp,] lef>,A

lSfud jktusrk fdlku

ik;yV ukbZ fpfdRld

ewfrZdkj vfHkusrk
47
2- Bhd okD; ij Bhd(4) rFkk xyr okD; ij (8) dk fpg~u yxkb, A
1- diM+s /ksus okyk& ukbZA
2- [ksrh djus okyk& fdlkuA
3- 'kgj esa jgus okyk & 'kgjh A
4- cl pykus okyk & ifjpkyd A
5- fp=k cukus okyk & fp=kdkj A
6- vkStkj cukus okyk & ukbZ A
7- ewfrZ cukus okyk & fdlku A
8- vkyl esa jgus okyk & vkylh A
9- vfHku; djus okyk & vfHkusrk A
10- vkKk ikyu djus okyk & vkKkdkjh A
11- jktuhfr djus okyk & lsod A
12- etnwjh djus okyk & etnwj A

3- mi;qZDr 'kCnksa ls fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ dhft, %&

gokbZ tgkt] vkKkdkjh] ewfrZdkj] ifjpkyd] lSfud] vkylh] etnwj] fdlku] gyokbZ]
'kkd@lCth] ukbZ] 'kgjh A
1- ---------------- ,d lqUnj ewfrZ cukrk gS A
2- 'kkdkgkjh lnSo --------------------------- gh [kkrk gS A
3- ik;yV ----------------------- mM+krk gS A
4- ------------------- cl esa fVdV dkVrk gS A
5- ------------------- lnSo vkKk ikyu djrk gS A
6- ns'k dh lhek ij yM+us okyk ---------------------- gksrk gS A
7- cky dkVus okyk ---------------------- gksrk gS A
8- -------------------------------- feBkb;k¡ cukus okyk gksrk gS A
9- 'kgj esa jgus okyk --------------------------- gksrk gS A
10- ------------------------ [ksrh djus okyk gksrk gS A
11- vkyl esa jgus okyk ----------------------- dgykrk gS A
48
12- etnwjh djus okyk ------------------ gksrk gS A
4- fuEukafdr fp=kksa esa ls ^e* o.kZ ls izkjEHk gksus okys uke <w¡<dj fyf[k, %&

1- ------------------------------ 2- ------------------------ 3- -----------------------------4- -----------------------------

5- ------------------------------ 6- ------------------------ 7- ----------------------------- 8- -----------------------------

49
 ikB 16 fojke fpg~u (Punctuation Marks)

HkS;k @ cfguksa vkt ge fojke fpg~u ds ckjs esa tkusaxs A

jksdks] er tkus nks & vFkkZr~ jksduk gS] tkus ugha nsuk A
jksdks er] tkus nks & vFkkZr~ jksduk ugha gS tkus nks A
jksdks er tkus nks & vFkkZr~ dksbZ Li"V vFkZ ugha A
mi;qZDr rhuksa okD;ksa esa pkj 'kCn ,d tSls gSa ijUrq vFkZ vyx vyx A ;g vYifojke dk LFkku
cny tkus ds dkj.k gqvk A rhljs okD; esa Hkze dh fLFkfr fojke fpg~u u yxkus ls gqbZ A
fojke fpg~u %
( A ) iw.kZ fojke A
( ] ) v¼Z fojke A
( \ ) iz'u okpd A
( ! ) foLe;kfn cks/d A
(^^ **) mn~/j.k fpg~u A
1- iw.kZ fojke (A) tc okD; iwjk gks tkrk gS rks iw.kZ fojke yxk;k tkrk gS A
mnkgj.k 1- jke Ldwy tkrk gS A
2- ge [kkuk [kkrs gSa A
3- ge iqLrd i<+rs gSa A
2- v¼Z fojke ( ] ) okD; esa v¼Z fojke dk iz;ksx djus ls okD; dh fLFkfr cny tkrh gS A
mnkgj.k 1- jksdks] er tkus nks A
2- jksdks er] tkus nks A
3- lhrk] xhrk vkSj vk'kk ;gk¡ vkvks A
3- iz'u okpd ( \ ) tc okD; esa iz'u fd;k tkrk gS rks ogk¡ iz'uokpd fpg~u yxk;k tkrk gS A
mnkgj.k % 1- D;k jke Ldwy tkrk gS \
2- D;k rqe [kkuk [kkvksxs \
3- rqe dgk¡ tk jgs gks \
4- foLe;kfn cks/d ( ! ) tc okD; esa dksbZ Hkko izdV fd;k tkrk gS A tSls [kq'kh] nq%[k] gSjkuh A
mnkgj.k % 1- fdruh lqUnj iqLrd gS !
50
 2- vkgk ! ge eSp thr x, A
3- vksg ! eSa fxj x;k A
5- mn~/j.k fpg~u (^^ **) tc ge vizR;{k :i ls fdlh ls iz'u iwNrs gSa A
mnkgj.k 1- jke us ';ke ls dgk] ^^D;k rqe dy fnYyh tkvksxsA**
2- lhrk us xhrk ls dgk] ^^ge Ldwy tk,¡xsA**
3- jhVk us dgk ^^dy ge lSj djus tk,¡xsA**

vH;kl dk;Z
iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %&
iz- 1- fojke fpg~u ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- 1- iw.kZ fojke fpg~u dc yxrs gSa \
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- 3- fojke fpg~uksa dk Hkk"kk esa D;k iz;ksx gS \
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
fuEukafdr x|ka'k esa fojke fpg~uksa dk iz;ksx ugha fd;k x;k gS A vki fojke fpg~uksa dk iz;ksx djds
x|ka'k dks fuEu iafDr;ksa esa fy[ksa A
jke ';ke nks HkkbZ gSa os dgrs gSa fd O;k;ke D;ksa vPNk gksrk gS nksuksa bfrgkl rFkk fgUnh dh iqLrdsa
i<+rs gSa vjs ;g rks gkFkh vkrk gS gkFkh ns[kdj cPps rkfy;k¡ ctkrs gSa jke us dgk fd ';ke mldk
HkkbZ gS

51
 ty gh thou gS

vki tkurs gh gSa fd ty gekjs fy, fdruk egRoiw.kZ gS A vkt iwjh nqfu;k esa ihus ds ikuh dh deh
gS A gesa ikuh dh cpr djuh pkfg,A

fuEu lk/uksa ls ikuh feyrk gS A vki buds uke fyf[k,A

52
 i'kq if{k;ksa dh cksfy;k¡
ikB 17 (Sounds of Animals and Birds)

vkt ge i'kq&if{k;ksa dh cksfy;ksa ds ckjs esa i<+saxs] le>saxs ,oa tkusaxs A

flag dh ngkM+ gkFkh dh fpa?kkM+ ?kksM+s dh fgufgukgV

xk; dk jaHkkuk cdjh dk fefe;kuk fpfM+;k dk pgpgkuk

x/s dk gsaduk eqxsZ dh dqdMw¡&d¡w dks;y dqgw&dqgw djuk

dcwrj dk xqVj&xw¡ HkkSajs dk xquxqukuk rksrs dk VSa&VSa djuk

lk¡i dk iQq¡iQdkjuk dqRrs dk HkkSaduk eD[kh dk fHku fHkukuk

eksj dk figw&figw djuk esa<+d dk VjZ&VjZ djuk iihgs dk ihÅ&ihÅ djuk

53
 vH;kl dk;Z
taxy esa vusd i'kq&i{kh jgrs gSa] vki muesa ls lkr i'kq&if{k;ksa ds uke fy[kdj mudh cksyh Hkh
lkeus fyf[k,A
i'kq&if{k;ksa ds uke cksyh
_________________________ _________________________
1-
_________________________ _________________________
2-
_________________________ _________________________
3-
_________________________ _________________________
4-
_________________________ _________________________
5-
_________________________ _________________________
6-
_________________________ _________________________
7-

fjDr LFkku Hkfj, %

dks;y]ihÅ&ihÅ] dk¡o&dk¡o] pha&pha] ngkM+rk
1- iihgk --------------------- djrk gS A
2- --------------------- dqgw&dqgw djrh gS A
3- fpfM+;k ---------------------- djrh gS A
4- dkSvk ------------------------ djrk gS A
5- 'ksj ----------------------- gS A

54
vki uhps fy[ks i'kq&if{k;ksa dks mudh cksyh ds lkFk lh/s js[kkvksa ls tksM+ nsa A
1- 'ksj (mnkgj.k) gsadrk gS A 5- dcwrj VSa&VSa djrk gS A
2- gkFkh VjZ&VjZ djrk gS A 6- cdjh xqu&xqu djrk gS A
3- x/k ngkM+rk gS A 7- rksrk fefe;krh gS A
4- esa<+d fpa?kkM+rk gS A 8- HkkSajk xqVj&xw¡ djrk gS A

euq"; dh lnSo ls i'kq if{k;ksa us lgk;rk dh gS A geus Hkh mUgsa lEeku fn;k gS A ikyu&iks"k.k fd;k
gS A
fuEukafdr esa ls ikyrw i'kq&if{k;ksa ds ukeksa ij xksy ?ksjk cukb,A

'ksj gkFkh ?kksM+k fgj.k

rksrk lkjl dkSvk eksj

lk¡i usoyk pwgk xkSjS;k

55
 ikB 18 eqgkojs ,oa yksdksfDr;k¡
HkS;k @ cfguksa vkt ge feydj eqgkojs ,oa yksdksfDr;ksa
ds ckjs esa i<+saxs] fy[ksaxs ,oa tkusaxs A

(1) eqgkojs
1- vU/s dh ydM+h & ,d ek=k lgkjkA
fnus'k vius ekrk&firk ds fy, vU/s dh ydM+h gS A
2- viuk mYyw lh/k djuk & eryc fudkyukA
vkt dqN LokFkhZ yksx viuk mYyw lh/k djuk gh pkgrs gSa A
3- vius ik¡o ij vki dqYgkM+h ekjuk & viuh gkfu Lo;a djukA
fu"Bkoku vf/dkjh dks fj'or nsdj eksgu us vius ik¡o ij vki dqYgkMh ekj yh gS A
4- vius eq¡g fe;ka feV~Bw cuuk & viuh iz'kalk Lo;a djukA
vius eq¡g fe;ka feV~Bw cuus okyksa dks dksbZ ilan ugha djrk A
5- vkLrhu dk lk¡i gksuk & diVh fe=kA
ds'ko rqe fot; dh ckrksa ij fo'okl er djuk] og rks vkLrhu dk lk¡i gS A
6- b±V dk tokc iRFkj ls nsuk & n`<+rk ls 'k=kq dk eqdkcyk djukA
Hkkjr us phu dks b±V dk tokc iRFkj ls fn;k A
7- bZn dk pk¡n gksuk & cgqr fnuksa ckn feyukA
'kadj rks vktdy bZn dk pk¡n gks x;k gS] irk ugha dgk¡ jgrk gS A
8- mYVh xaxk cgkuk & fu;e @ dkuwu ls gVdj mYVk dke djukA
vktdy ekrk&firk cPpksa ls Mjus yxs gSa] ;g rks mYVh xaxk cg jgh gS A

56
9- ,d&,d X;kjg gksuk & ,drk esa 'kfDr gSA
iQSDVjh ds etnwjksa dh gM+rky ds vkxs lsB euksgj yky dks >qduk iM+k A lp gS] ,d&,d
X;kjg gksrs gSa A
10- dystk eq¡g dks vkuk & vf/d nq%[kh gksukA
vius csVs dh ekSr dk lekpkj lqudj lq"kek dk dystk eq¡g dks vk x;k A
11- dku dk dPpk gksuk & gj ,d ds dgus esa vk tkus okykA
dqN /uh yksx dku ds dPps gksrs gSa A
12- xqnM+h dk yky gksuk & fNis xq.kksa okyk lkekU; O;fDrA
yky cgknqj 'kkL=kh rks xqnM+h ds yky Fks A
13- xjhch esa vkVk xhyk gksuk & d"V esa vkSj d"V vkukA
,d rks eksgu xjhc Åij ls ukSdjh pyh xbZ mldk rks ogh gky gS & xjhch esa vkVk xhyk
gksukA
14- xkxj esa lkxj Hkjuk & FkksM+s esa lc dqN dg nsukA
fcgkjh dfo us vius nksgksa esa xkxj esa lkxj Hkj fn;k gS A
15- ?kkV&?kkV dk ikuh ihuk & vuqHkoh gksukA
vfuy dks dksbZ /ks[kk ugha ns ldrk D;ksafd mlus ?kkV&?kkV dk ikuh fi;k gS A
16- ?kko ij ued fNM+duk & nq%[kh dks vkSj nq%[kh djukA
ghjkyky vius csVs dh chekjh ds dkj.k Lo;a nq%[kh Fkk Åij ls egktu us dtkZ nsus ls badkj
djds ?kko ij ued fNM+d fn;k A
17- ?kh ds fn, tykuk & vR;f/d [kq'k gksukA
tc Jh jke th v;ksè;k esa okil igq¡ps rks yksxksa us ?kh ds fn, tyk, A
18- pwfM+;k¡ iguuk & dk;j cuukA
pwfM+;k¡ igu dj thus ls vPNk gS ns'k dh j{kk ds fy, cfynku gks tkuk A

57
19- Nkrh ij lk¡i yksVuk & bZ";kZ ls tyukA
vius iM+kslh dh liQyrk dks ns[kdj ujsUnz dh Nkrh ij lk¡i yksVus yxkA
20- nw/ dk nw/ ikuh dk ikuh gksuk & fu"i{k U;k;A
jkew ljiap nw/ dk nw/ ikuh dk ikuh djus ds fy, izfl¼ Fkk A
21- nks Vwd ckr djuk & lkiQ&lkiQ ckr djukA
nks Vwd ckr djus okyksa ij lHkh ljyrk ls fo'okl dj ysrs gSa A
22- ukd esa ne djuk & cgqr vf/d ijs'kku djukA
csVs dh chekjh us ek¡ dh ukd esa ne dj fn;k A
23- ukS nks X;kjg gksuk & Hkkx tkukA
iqfyl dks ns[krs gh pksj ukS nks X;kjg gks x, A
24- ydhj dk iQdhj gksuk & iqjkus jkLrs ij pyukA
uo;qodksa dks ydhj dk iQdhj u cudj ns'k dh mUufr ds fy, u, jkLrs [kkstus pkfg,A
25- Jhx.ks'k djuk & dk;Z izkjEHk djukA
NqfV~V;ksa ds rqjUr ckn eSa i<+kbZ dk Jh x.ks'k dj nw¡xk A
26- 'ksj ds nk¡r fxuuk & lkgl dk dke djukA
Hkkjr dk cPpk&cPpk 'ksj ds nk¡r fxuus esa leFkZ gS A
27- gok ls ckrsa djuk & cgqr rst HkkxukA
egkjk.kk izrki dk b'kkjk ikrs gh mudk ?kksM+k psrd gok ls ckrsa djus yxk A
28- gqDdk ikuh can djuk & lEcU/ rksM+ukA
euksgj dh cqjh vknrksa dh otg ls xk¡o okyksa us mldk gqDdk&ikuh can dj fn;k A
29- gkFk&iSj ekjuk & iz;kl djukA
vktdy cgqr gkFk iSj ekjus ij Hkh ukSdjh feyuk dfBu gS A

58
30- gkFk&ik¡o iQwyuk & Mj tkukA
viuh ekrk th dks csgks'k ns[kdj ';ke ds gkFk&iSj iQwy x, A

(2) yksdksfDr;k¡
1- v/ty xxjh Nydr tk; & (FkksM+k Kku] ?keaMh ckrsa)
jes'k us FkksM+h lh vaxzsth D;k lh[k yh gS] vius vkidks fo}ku le>us yxk gS] lp gS &
v/ty xxjh Nydr tk, A
2- viuh&viuh <iyh (MiQyh)] viuk&viuk jkx & (vyx&vyx er gksuk)
lHkk esa vè;{k egksn; fdlh Hkh ckr dk fu.kZ; ugha ys ik,] D;ksafd ogk¡ rks lcdh
viuh&viuh <iyh (MiQyh)] viuk&viuk jkx Fkk A
3- dkyk v{kj HkSal cjkcj & (fcYdqy vui<+)
eSa bl iqLrd dks ysdj D;k d:¡xk] D;ksafd esjs fy, rks dkyk v{kj HkSal cjkcj gS A
4- ,d vukj lkS chekj & (oLrq ,d] pkgus okys vusd)
vktdy ,d ukSdjh ds fy, gtkjksa izkFkZuk i=k vkrs gSa A ;g rks ,d vukj lkS chekj okyh ckr
gS A
5- dk o"kkZ tc Ñf"k lq[kkus & (dk;Z fcxM+ tkus ij lgk;rk O;FkZ gksrh gS)
vko';drk ds le; rks rqeus lgk;rk ugha dh] vc #i, nsus ls D;k ykHk \ dk o"kkZ tc
d`f"k lq[kkus A
6- f[kfl;kuh fcYyh [kEHkk uksps & (vius vieku dk cnyk nwljs ls ysuk)
yM+kbZ fe=k ls gqbZ ijarq ?kj tkdj iRuh o cPpksa ij xqLlk fudkyk A ;g rks ogh ckr gqbZ
f[kfl;kuh fcYyh [kaHkk uksps A
7- xaxk x, xaxknkl ;equk x, ;equknkl & (le;kuqlkj cny tkuk)
vktdy ds usrkvksa dh gkyr rks xaxk x, xaxk nkl rFkk ;equk x, ;equknkl okyh gS A
59
8- ?kj dh eqxhZ nky cjkcj & (viuh pht dks de djds ns[kuk)
rqEgkjh iRuh xf.kr i<+krh gS] ysfdu rqEgkjk csVk vkSj dgha xf.kr i<+us tkrk gSA Bhd gh gS] ?kj
dh eqxhZ nky cjkcj yxrhA
9- ftldh ykBh mldh HkSal & ('kfDr'kkyh dh thr)
vesfjdk us vkradoknh vkslkekfcu yknsu dks mlds gh ?kj esa ?kql dj ekj fxjk;k vkSj ;g
fl¼ dj fn;k fd ftldh ykBh mldh HkSalA
10- /ksch dk dqÙkk ?kj dk u ?kkV dk & (ukdkjk O;fDr fdlh dke dk ugha gksrk)
jkds'k us ukjkt gksdj ?kj NksM+ fn;k] fiQj mlus xqLls esa vkdj ukSdjh NksM+ nhA mldh fLFkfr
/ksch dk dqRrk ?kj dk u ?kkV dk tSlh gks xbZA
11- usdh dj nfj;k esa Mky & (midkj djds Hkwy tkuk)
rqe vukFkky; esa fn, nku dh ckr gj ,d ls D;ksa djrs gks] dgk gS& usdh dj nfj;k esa Mky A
12- cUnj D;k tkus vnjd dk Lokn & (ew[kZ dks vPNh oLrq dh igpku ugha gksrh)
ew[kZ fpjkx dks dRFkd u`R; dh D;k le> D;ksafd canj D;k tkus vnjd dk Lokn A
13- gkFkh ds nk¡r [kkus ds vkSj fn[kkus ds vkSj & (dFkuh djuh esa varj)
bZekunkjh dh ckrsa djus okyk og usrk lcls cM+k csbZeku gS A lp gS & gkFkh ds nk¡r [kkus ds
vkSj fn[kkus ds vkSj A
14- eku u eku eSa rsjk esgeku & (tcjnLrh xys iM+ tkuk)
gekjk nwj dk fj'rsnkj dbZ fnuksa ls gekjs ?kj fVdk gqvk gS tkus dk uke ugha ysrk ;g rks ogh
ckr gqbZ] eku u eku eSa rsjk esgeku A

60
 ikB 19 dky pØ (le; x.kuk)

HkS;k @ cfguksa vkt ge lc fnu] lIrkg] i{k] ekl]

o"kZ vkfn ds ckjs esa tkusaxs A
,d fnu 12 ?kaVs ¾ ,d jkr 12 ?kaVs
24 ?kaVs dk ,d fnu ekuk tkrk gS A
lkr fnuksa dk ,d lIrkg ekuk tkrk gS A
lkseokj eaxyokj cq/okj c`gLifrokj
(pUnzokj) (xq#okj)
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday

'kqØokj 'kfuokj jfookj (brokj)

Friday Saturday (Sunday)

,d ekl esa pkj lIrkg gksrs gSa A ,d ekl esa 30 ;k 31 fnu gksrs gSa A iQjojh 28 fnu dh]
vf/o"kZ esa 29 fnu gksrs gSa A
vaxzsth ds ekl fgUnh ds ekl
1- tuojh (January) 31 fnu ikS"k
2- iQjojh (February) 28@29 fnu ek?k
3- ekpZ (March) 31 fnu iQkYxqu
4- vizSy (April) 30 fnu pS=k
5- ebZ (May) 31 fnu cS'kk[k
6- twu (June) 30 fnu T;s"B
7- tqykbZ (July) 31 fnu vk"kk<+
8- vxLr (August) 31 fnu Jko.k
9- flrEcj (September) 30 fnu Hkknzin
10- vDrwcj (October) 31 fnu vkf'ou
11- uoEcj (November) 30 fnu dkfrZd
12- fnlEcj (December) 31 fnu ekxZ'kh"kZ
61
 2 i{k ¾ d`".k i{k (va/sjh) 'kqDy i{k ¾ (pk¡nuh)
(jkf=k) (jkf=k)

le; dh ;g tkudkjh vkSj dj yhft, %

fnu & Day
fnu izkjEHk & lw;ksZn; & Sunrise lw;kZLr & Sunset
izkr%dky & Morning lk;adky & Evening
eè;kg~u & Noon jkf=k & Night

gekjs /kfeZd R;kSgkj %&

1- o"kZ izfrink 5- edj laØkfUr (yksgM+h)
2- j{kk ca/u 6- gksyh
3- fot;kn'keh 7- fØlel
4- nhikoyh 8- bZn&my&fiQrj (bZn)

gekjs jk"Vªh; R;ksgkj %

1- LorU=krk fnol (15 vxLr)
ge 15 vxLr lu~ 1947 bZ- dks LorU=k gq, Fks A
LorU=krk fnol ij yky fdys ls iz/kuea=kh Hkk"k.k nsrs gq, A
2- x.krU=k fnol (26 tuojh)
26 tuojh lu~ 1950 dks gekjk lafo/ku ykxw gqvk Fkk A
x.krU=k fnol ij jk"Vªifr dk jk"Vª dks lEcksf/r djrs gq,A
3- xk¡/h t;Urh (2 vDrwcj)
62
 2 vDVwcj lu~ 1869 bZ- dks eksgu nkl deZpUn xk¡/h dk tUe gqvk Fkk A

ns nh gesa vkt+knh fcuk [kM~x fcuk <ky]

lkcjerh ds lUr rqus dj fn;k dekyA
jk"Vªfirk egkRek xk¡/h

vH;kl dk;Z
fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k, %&
iz-1- lIrkg dk pkSFkk fnu fyf[k, A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz-2- vaxzsth dk 12ok¡ ekg fyf[k, A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
fuEufyf[kr R;ksgkjksa dk feyku djsa %&
Ok"kZ izfrink
foØeh laor~
1- gksyh (mnkgj.k)

2- bZn

3- nhikoyh

4- fØlel

5- fot;k n'keh

6- o"kZ izfrink
63
 fjDr LFkku mfpr 'kCnksa ls Hkfj, %&

1- tuojh ekg esa -------------------- fnu gksrs gSa A

2- ,d fnu esa ----------------- ?kaVs gksrs gSa A

3- --------------------- fnuksa dk ,d lIrkg ekuk tkrk gS A

4- ,d ekl esa -------------------- lIrkg gksrs gSa A

5- pS=k ekl ds ckn ----------------------- ekl vkrk gS A

6- i{k -------------------------- gksrs gSa A

7- fnu ds izkjEHk dks -------------------------- dgrs gSa A

8- LorU=krk fnol gekjk ----------------------- R;kSgkj gS A

Bhd mÙkj ds lkeus (4) dk rFkk xyr mÙkj ds lkeus (8) dk fpg~u yxkb, %&

1- bZn esa j{kk lw=k ck¡/rs gSa A

2- gksyh esa iVk[ks NqM+krs gSa A

3- nhikoyh ij iVk[ks pykrs gSa A

4- xka/h t;Urh 2 vDrwcj dks eukbZ tkrh gS A

5- 26 tuojh dks LorU=krk fnol dgrs gSa A

6- lw;kZLr ds i'pkr~ jkf=k gksrh gS A

7- vDrwcj esa 30 fnu gksrs gSa A

8- lIrkg dk izFke fnu jfookj gS A

64
 ikB 20 i=k&ys[ku (Letter Writing)

HkS;k @ cfguksa vkt ge lc i=k i<+dj] ns[kdj]

fy[kdj] i=k fy[kuk lh[ksaxs A
i=k izkIr gqvk A i=k }kjk ge lkjs lekpkj i<+dj 'kkafr] izlUurk] lq[k&nq%[k vkfn dk vuqHko djrs
gSa A i=k fy[kus ds fy, è;ku nsa %
i=k ds Hkkx % dqN mnkgj.k
1- ys[kd dk irk
lacks/u %&
2- fnukad
vknj.kh; firk th]
3- lacks/u
Jheku iz/kukpk;Z th
4- vfHkoknu
vfHkoknu %&
5- lekpkj @ lans'k
lknj iz.kke]
6- ys[kd dk uke ;k gLrk{kj
lknj ueLdkj
i=k dk lekiu

fo'ks"k è;ku nsus ;ksX; ckrsa % i=k dk izkjEHk rFkk lekiu ckb± vksj ls djrs gSa A Hkonh; ;k ys[kd
uke Hkh ckb± vksj gh fy[ksaxs A
v i=k ys[ku esa dqN vko';d fcUnq %
v i=k dh Hkk"kk ljy ,oa lgt gksuh pkfg, A
v i=k de 'kCnksa esa fy[kuk vPNk gksrk gS A
v i=k esa lacks/u ,oa vfHkoknu dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[kuk pkfg, A
v tSl&cM+ksa dk vknj o NksVs ls Lusg A
v i=k lqUnj ys[k esa rFkk iBuh; gksuk pkfg, A
v i=k dh fo"k;&oLrq laf{kIr gksuh vko';d gS A
v i=k ds var esa iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCnksa ij fo'ks"k è;ku gksuk pkfg, A
v i=k ys[ku ,d dyk gS A
v i=kksa ds vusd izdkj gksrs gSa A ;gk¡ ge nks izdkj ds i=kksa dks le>saxs A
65
1- izkFkZuk i=k ,oa vkosnu i=k A
2- ikfjokfjd ;k ?kjsyw i=k A

;gk¡ dqN mnkgj.k ns[ksa %

vodk'k ds fy, iz/kukpk;Z egksn; dks izkFkZuk i=k

lsok esa]
iz/kukpk;Z egksn;
xhrk fo|k efUnj] dq #{ks=k

fnukad &
fo"k; & vodk'k ds fy, izkFkZuk i=k A
ekU;oj]

fuosnu gS fd vkt esjk LokLF; Bhd ugha gS A eSa vkt fo|ky; esa mifLFkr ugha gks
ldrkA eq>s fpfdRld us nks fnu ?kj ij foJke ds fy, dgk gS A
vr% vkt fnukad 12-12-201----- ,oa 13-12-201------ dk vodk'k iznku djus dh d`ik djsa A

vkidk vkKkdkjh f'k"; @vkidh vkKkdkfj.kh f'k";k

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uke
__________________________________
d{kk @ oxZ
__________________________________
vuqØekad
66
 iq=k dk firk dks i=k
yodq'k Nk=kkokl]
xhrk fudsru vkoklh; fo|ky;] dq #{ks=k
gfj;k.kk A
fnukad 26-12-201-------
vknj.kh; firk th]
lknj pj.k Li'kZ A

eSa ;gk¡ dq'kyrk ls gw¡ A vkidh dq'kyrk pkgrk gw¡ A eSaus bl ijh{kk esa
d{kk esa izFke LFkku izkIr fd;k gS A bl lekpkj ls vki lHkh vfr izlUu gksaxs A 'khrdkyhu
vodk'k esa ?kj vk ldw¡xk A ekrk th dks lknj iz.kke rFkk NksVh cfgu dks I;kj A
vkidk lqiq=k
ek/o
fo|ky; NksM+us dk izek.k&i=k izkIr djus gsrq izkFkZuk&i=k A
lsok esa]
iz/kukpk;Z&egksn;k]
ljLorh f'k'kq efUnj
fnYyhA
ekuuh;k]

lfou; fuosnu ;g gS fd esjs firk th dk LFkkukUrj.k gks x;k gS A esjk iwjk ifjokj ;gk¡
ls tk jgk gS A vr% vkils izkFkZuk gS fd esjk fo|ky; R;kx izek.k i=k nsus dh d`ik djsa A
67
 vfr d`ik gksxh A
vkidh vkKkdkfj.kh f'k";k]
uke & eerk
d{kk & r`rh; d
__________________________________
vuqØekad
__________________________________
fnukad
vH;kl dk;Z
1- vki vius iz/kukpk;Z th dks vodk'k gsrq izkFkZuk i=k fuEukafdr ladsrksa ds vk/kj ij
fyf[k,%
&% ladsr %&
vki vLoLFk gSa] fpfdRld us 3 fnu foJke dh lykg nh gS A
------------------------]
------------------------]
------------------------]
fnukad &
egksn;]
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
vkidk vkKkdkjh f'k";@vkidh vkKkdkfj.kh f'k";k
---------------------------
68
(vyx uksV cqd ij fy[ksa)
2- vki xzh"edkyhu vodk'k esa vius fe=k dks vius ?kj vkus dk fueU=k.k nsus gsrq i=k fyf[k, A
3- vki vius iz/kukpk;Z th dks 'kqYd (iQhl) ekiQh gsrq izkFkZuk i=k fyf[k, A
4- vius fe=k dks mlds tUe fnu ij c/kbZ i=k Hkstsa A

viuh lgsyh dks cqykok i=k

lSDVj 35] lh Cykd]
edku ua- 51]
jksfg.kh] ubZ fnYyh A
fnukad & 20-05-201-----------
fiz; Lusgk]
lLusg ueLrs A
vktdy gekjs ?kj ij Jh jkepfjrekul dk v[k.M ikB gks jgk gS A
blds ckn lHkh dks izhfrHkkst fn;k tk,xk A vki lifjokj lknj vkefU=kr gSa A gesa fo'okl gS
fd vki vo'; vk,¡xh A
vkidh lgsyh
xhrk

69
 vH;kl dk;Z
vki viuk ifjp; fy[ksa %&

uke ------------------------------------------------- d{kk ----------------------------- fo|ky; dk uke --------------------

--------------------------------------------------------- vius ?kj dk nwjHkk"k Øekad -----------------------------------------
vius fo|ky; dk nwjHkk"k Øekad ---------------------------------------------------

fe=k@lgsyh dk uke ---------------------------------------------------

d{kk ---------------------------------------------------

#fp ---------------------------------------------------

mi;qZDr fp=k ns[k dj pkj okD; fyf[k, %&

1- ;g Hkxoku Jh jke ds eafnj dk fp=k gSA (mnkgj.k)

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2-
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3-
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4-
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5-

70
 ikB 21 dgkuh ys[ku (Story Writing)
1 LokFkhZ esa<d
dgkuh ys[ku ,d dyk gS A
vki dgkfu;k¡ i<+sa fiQj fy[kuk izkjEHk djsa A
,d dq,¡ esa esa<dksa dk jkT; Fkk A mlds jktk dk uke xaxknÙk Fkk A mldh dqN
iztk&fojks/h uhfr;ksa ds dkj.k iztk esa vlarks"k iQSyuk 'kq: gqvk A vius fojksf/;ksa dks nckus dk ,d
mik; xaxknÙk us lksp fy;k A ,d fnu mlus dq,¡ ds ckgj tkdj lk¡i ls nksLrh dk izLrko j[krs gq,
dgk fd rqe esjs jkT; esa jg ldrs gks A eSa izfrfnu rqEgas esa<dksa dk [kkuk Hkh nsrk tkšxk rFkk blds
cnys esa esjh lÙkk dks lqjf{kr j[kus dk dke rqEgsa djuk gksxk A lk¡i [kq'kh ls eku x;k rFkk jktk
izfrfnu viuh fojks/h iztk esa ls ,d&nks dh vksj ladsr djrk jgk vkSj lk¡i mUgsa [kkrk jgk A dqN
fnu ,slk pyus ds i'pkr~ lkjh fojks/h iztk rks lekIr gks xbZ A lk¡i dks ckgj tkus ds fy, dgus
dk lkgl rks jktk esa Fkk ugha] jktk dh fu"Bkoku iztk Hkh ,d&,d dj xk;c gksuk 'kq: gks xbZ A
vkf[kj ,d fnu Lo;a jktdqekj ckn esa jkuh Hkh xk;c A Lo;a viuh ckjh vk,xh ,slk tc jktk dks
yxk rc og pqipki dq,¡ ls ckgj Hkkx x;k vkSj og dqvk¡ lk¡i dk gh lqjf{kr jkT; cu x;k A

fu"d"kZ
ftl ns'k esa O;fDrxr vFkok nyxr fgr o fu"Bk,¡ jk"Vªh; fgrksa vkSj vkdka{kkvksa ls
Åij gks tkrh gSa] pUn oksVksa vkSj LokFkZ dh iwfrZ ds fy, jk"Vª dh lqj{kk dh mis{kk dj fons'kh
?kqliSfB;ksa dks laj{k.k ns fn;k tkrk gS A ml ns'k esa fouk'k dks gh fueU=k.k fn;k tkrk gS A

vkyksd % vkpk;Z] nhnh bl fu"d"kZ dks ljy djds HkS;k@cfguksa dks le>k,¡

71
 2 ykyp
dgkuh ys[ku ,d dyk gS A
vki dgkfu;k¡ i<+sa fiQj fy[kuk izkjEHk djsa A
,d le; dh ckr gS] cukjl esa ,d /uh O;fDr jgrk Fkk A mldk uke /uhjke Fkk A
mls ges'kk lksuk bdV~Bk djus dh /qu lokj jgrh Fkh A ,d ckj jkr ds le; og frtksjh esa j[kk
lksuk ns[k jgk Fkk fd vpkud ,d nsonwr ogk¡ vk;k A /uhjke us nsonwr dks iz.kke fd;k A nsonwr us
mls ojnku ek¡xus dks dgk & /uhjke us ojnku esa ek¡xk fd og ftl oLrq dks Nq, og lksuk cu
tk,A nsonwr us mls ojnku ns fn;k A ojnku ikdj /uhjke [kq'k gqvk A
vxys fnu ckjh&ckjh ls vusd oLrqvksa dks
Nqvk os lHkh lksuk cu x, A mldk lsod
mlds fy, Hkkstu ysdj vk;k tSls gh
mlus Hkkstu dks Nqvk Hkkstu lksuk cu
x;kA mldh csVh [ksyrh gqbZ vkbZ og
/uhjke ds Nwus ls lksuk cu xbZ A og flj
ihV&ihVdj jksus yxk A nsonwr dks ml ij
n;k vk xbZA og iqu% izdV gq, /uhjke us
muls {kek ek¡xh o ojnku okil ysus dh
izkFkZuk dh] nsonwr us n;k djds ojnku
okil ys fy;k A lHkh oLrq,¡ igys tSlh
gks xb± A

f'k{kk % ykyp cqjh cyk gS A

72
 3 ewY;oku dkSu ---------\

,d ewfrZdkj us rhu vuks[kh ewfrZ;k¡ cukb± A ewfrZ;k¡ cukdj og mUgsa ikl ds cktkj esa
cspus ds fy, ys x;k A ewfrZ;ksa dk ewY; lqudj [kjhnnkj cgqr vk'p;Z pfdr gks jgs Fks] D;ksafd
rhuksa ewfrZ;k¡ jax] :i] vkdkj bR;kfn esa ,d leku FkhaA rhuksa ewfrZ;ksa esa ,d Hkh ,slh fo'ks"krk ugha Fkh
tks rhuksa dks ,d nwljs ls vyx n'kkZ ldsA vr% lHkh yksx vk'p;Z pfdr gksdj ns[k jgs Fks A
ewfrZdkj us rhuksa ewfrZ;ksa dk Hkko vyx&vyx crk;k mlus dgk igyh ewfrZ dk ewY; dqN ugha gSA
nwljh dk ewY; Hkh dqN ugha gSA rhljh dk ewY; gS ^^,d gtkj #i,** vc tks Hkh [kjhnnkj mu
ewfrZ;ksa dks [kjhnuk pkgrs FksA os ewfrZdkj ls iwNus yxs] ^^HkkbZ ;s rhuksa ewfrZ;k¡ leku gksrs gq, Hkh ,d
dk gh ewY; D;ksa gSa\** rc ewfrZdkj us ,d /kxk mBk;k vkSj igyh ewfrZ ds nk,¡ dku esa MkykA /kxk
dku esa tkrs gh ck,¡ dku ls fudy vk;k A vc mlus ogh /kxk nwljh ewfrZ ds dku esa Mkyk rks /kxk
ewfrZ ds eq¡g ls ckgj vk x;k A mlus /kxk rhljh ewfrZ ds dku esa Mkyk A /kxk ckgj ugha vk;k og
/kxk ml rhljh ewfrZ ds isV esa pyk x;kA ewfrZdkj cksyk] ^^ns[kk vkius igyh ewfrZ ds dku esa /kxk
Mkyk rks nwljs dku ls fudy vk;kA** vr% ;g ewfrZ fdlh dke dh ugha gS] ;g ewfrZ ckr dks
lqudj nwljs dku ls fudky nsrh gSA vr% dksbZ ewY; ugha gS] nwljh ewfrZ us /kxk vius eq¡g ls ckgj
fudkykA vr% ;g ewfrZ ckr dks lqudj dg nsrh gSA bldk Hkh ewY; ugha gS A vc ckjh gS rhljh
ewfrZ dh blesa Mkyk x;k /kxk ckgj ugha vk;kA vr% ;g ewfrZ ckr dks lqudj mls O;FkZ gh
b/j&m/j u rks dgrh gS vkSj u gh bl dku ls lqudj ml dku ls ckgj fudky nsrh gS A ;g ckr
dks lqudj ml ij fopkj djrh gS A vr% bldk ewY; eSaus vkidks ^^,d gtkj #i,** crk;k A

fu"d"kZ % tks ;kn djus ds fy, lqurk gS] ogh ewY;oku gS A

73
 vH;kl dk;Z

fuEukafdr 'kCnksa dks if<+,] lef>, vkSj ,d dgkuh dk fuekZ.k dhft, A

dNqvk] [kjxks'k] nkSM+] izfr;ksfxrk] /hjs&/hjs] uhan vk xbZ] thr gks xbZ A
dksbZ vPNk lk 'kh"kZd cukb, vkSj ,d dgkuh fy[k nhft, A
______________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

frryh dk o.kZu djuk

(Describing of butterfly)
jax fcjaxs i¡[kksa okyh] frryh jkuh] frryh jkuh] iQwyksa ij [kq'k gksdj tkrh iQj&iQj dj mM+rh A
frryh jkuh] frryh jkuh A

fp=k ns[kdj fy[kuk

&% mnkgj.k %&
1-;g iqLrdky; gS A
2-HkS;k@cfgusa 'kkar cSBs gSa A
3-HkS;k@cfgusa lekpkj i=k i<+rs gSaA
4-iqLrdky; okrkuqdwfyr gSA
5-iqLrdky; esa vPNh iqLrdsa gSaA
6-iqLrdky; esa lh-lh- dSejs yxs gSaA
74
 vki lkspdj 5 okD; fy[ksa A
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1-
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2-
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3-
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4-
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5-

lqanj cxhpk
jax fcjaxs iQwy f[kys gSa A
ekyh nknk ikS/ksa esa ikuh ns jgs gSa A
cPps [ksy jgs gSa A
frrfy;k¡ mM+ jgh gSa A

mi;qZDr fp=k dk lqanj o.kZu vius 'kCnksa esa dhft,A

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1-
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2-
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3-
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4-
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5-
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6-

75
 ikB 22 dfork ys[ku
dfork ,d thou gS] xkrs&xkrs thus esa etk gSA
vkt ge feydj dfork ys[ku djsaxs A
eqxkZ cksys dqdM+w¡ dw¡]
tYnh mB tk;k dj rw]
eqxkZ cksys dqdM+w¡ dw¡ AA

eksckby fMfc;k dk uke]

nqfu;k vpjt esa reke]
ns[kks dSlk tekuk vk;k]
tsc esa iwjk tgk¡ lek;k AA
ns[kks ;s gS eksVj dkj]
ifg, blesa yxs gSa pkj]
ge lcdks gS [kwc ?kqekrh]
nwj&nwj rd ysdj tkrh A
ns[kks ;s esjk Ldwy]
tgk¡ eSa ?kj dks tkÅ¡ Hkwy]
;gka eSa lh[kw¡ vPNh ckrsa]
tks thou f'k{kk dh ewy AA
fVd&fVd&fVd&fVd]
fVd&fVd&fVd&fVd]
pyrh tk, ?kM+h]
ikB i<+k, pyus dk]
vk, dke cM+h AA
76
 py esjs ?kksM+s Vd&Vd&Vd]
ys py eq>dks fnYyh rd]
fnYyh tks cM+h nwj gS]
ij cgqr e'kgwj gS]
rw ugha tkuk Fkd] Fkd] Fkd AA
fcYyh cksys E;kš&E;kš]
pksjh ls nw/ ih tkš]
Mjdj Hkkxrs eq>ls pwgs]
ij] eSa mudh ekSlh dgykš AA
pank ekek I;kjs&I;kjs]
vkleku ds jkt nqykjs]
cPpksa ds eu dks Hkkrs gks A
nwf/;k pk¡nuh iQSykrs gks AA
MkW- txnhi 'kekZ ^jkgh*

uhps dqN fp=k fn, x, gSa A vki bu fp=kksa ds fy, dfork dh ,d iafDr fyf[k, %&
eqxkZ -----------------------

eksckby -----------------

ns[kks ----------------------

fVd ----------------------

py ------------------------

fcYyh --------------------

pUnkekek -----------------
77
vc fp=kksa dks è;ku ls nsf[k,] buds ckjs esa nks&nks iafDr;k¡ fyf[k, %

78
f fuEukafdr fp=k dks mfpr jaxksa ls ltkb, %&

79
 iz'u i=k izk:i Øekad&1

1- fuEukafdr iz'uksa ds mÙkj nhft, A

iz- (d) fgUnh o.kZekyk esa dqy fdrus o.kZ gSa \
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- ([k) ek=kk dh ifjHkk"kk nhft, A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- (x) fo'ks"k.k ds izdkj crkb, A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- (?k) fØ;kvksa ds pkj mnkgj.k nhft, A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- (Ä) loZuke dk iz;ksx ge D;ksa djrs gSa A
________________________________________________________________________________
m-

2- fjDr LFkkuksa esa mi;qDr 'kCn Hkfj, !

(nks] rSarhl] Loj] xqtjkrh] foijhr] o.kZ)
_______________
d) Hkk"kk ds :i gksrs gSa A
_______________
[k) xqtjkr esa Hkk"kk cksyh tkrh gS A
___________
x) fcuk fdlh nwljs o.kZ dh lgk;rk ls cksys tkus okys o.kZ dgykrs gSaA
_______________
?k) fgUnh o.kZekyk esa O;atuksa dh la[;k gS A
80
 _______________
M+) Hkk"kk dh lcls NksVh bdkbZ dks dgrs gSa A
_______________
p) foijhrkFkZd 'kCn mUgsa dgrs gSa tks vFkZ nsrs gSa A

3- Bhd okD; ij (4) dk fpg~u rFkk xyr ij (8) dk fpg~u yxk,¡ A

d) fØ;k pkj izdkj dh gksrh gS A
[k) opu nks izdkj ds gksrs gSa A
x) vkpk;Z th L=khfyax 'kCn gS A
?k) fdlh O;fDr] oLrq] izk.kh ,oa LFkku ds uke dks laKk dgrs gSa A
Ä) vuqLokj dk fpg~u gS A

4- fuEu 'kCnksa ds 'kq¼ :i fyf[k, A

_______________ _______________
(v) bLdwy (vk) egkrek
_______________ _______________
(b) fpMh;k (bZ) fj.k
_______________ _______________
(m) ofl"B (Å) vknZ'k

5- mfpr fØ;k 'kCn Hkjdj okD; iw.kZ dhft, A

_______________
d) /ksch rkykc esa diM+s gS A
_______________
[k) fo|kFkhZ d{kk esa iqLrd gSa A
_______________
x) lSfud ns'k lsok gS A
_______________
?k) ik;yV gokbZ tgkt gS A
81
 _______________
Ä) fgj.k rst gS A
_______________
p) cPpk lkbfdy gS A

6- iqfYyax 'kCnksa ls L=khfyax 'kCn cukb, A

_______________ _______________
(v) eksj (c) firk
_______________ _______________
(l) f'k"; (n) ckyd

7- fØ;k dh mnkgj.k lfgr ifjHkk"kk fyf[k,A

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

8- vuqLokj ;k vuqukfld fpg~uksa dk lgh iz;ksx djrs gq, 'kCnksa dk Bhd :i

fy[ksaA
_______________
(d) nxy
_______________
([k) ep
_______________
(x) gluk
_______________
(?k) pknh
_______________
(Ä) exy
_______________
(p) ogk

82
9- o.kks± ds mPpkj.k LFkku fyf[k, A
_______________
d] [k] x]
_______________
r] Fk] n]
_______________
i] iQ] c]

10- o.kks± dks tksM+dj 'kCn cukb, A

_______________
H~k $ vk $ y~ $ Å ¾
_______________
e~ $ vks $ r~ $ bZ ¾
_______________
l~ $ , $ u $ vk ¾
_______________
j~ $ vk $ e~ $ v ¾

11- fuEufyf[kr 'kCnksa ds lkeus muds foykse (foijhrkFkZd) 'kCn fyf[k, A

_______________
dfBu
_______________
'k=kq
_______________
ekuo
_______________
iki
_______________
tM+
_______________
?k`.kk

83
 iz'u i=k izk:i Øekad&2

vkyksd % lHkh iz'uksa ds mÙkj vfuok;Z gSa A lqys[k dk fo'ks"k è;ku j[ksa A

1- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djsa A

_______________
d- ftu 'kCnksa dk vFkZ ,d leku gksrk gS ,sls 'kCnksa dks 'kCn dgrs gSaA
_______________
[k- djr&djr vH;kl ds gksr lqtku A
_______________
x- 'kCnksa dk lewg okD; dgykrk gS A
_______________
?k- lkFkZd 'kCnksa dk lewg dgykrk gS A
_______________
M- x.kra=k fnol dks euk;k tkrk gS A

2- fuEufyf[kr okD;ksa ds fy, mi;qDr ,d 'kCn fyf[k, A

d- vkyl esa jgus okyk A
[k- [ksrh djus okyk A
x- gokbZ tgkt pykus okyk A
?k- ijksidkj djus okyk A
M- fp=k cukus okyk A
p- jksfx;ksa dks jksx ls eqDr djus okyk A

84
3- fuEu iz'uksa ds mÙkj fyf[k,A
iz- fojke fpg~uksa ls vki D;k le>rs gSa \
___________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- okD; dh ifjHkk"kk nsa \
___________________________________________________________________________________
m-
iz- lekukFkhZ ;k i;kZ;okph 'kCn fdUgsa dgrs gSa] ifjHkk"kk nsdj le>k,¡ \
___________________________________________________________________________________
m-

4- uhps fy[ks eqgkojksa ds vFkZ fy[kdj mudk okD; esa iz;ksx djsa A
_____________________________________________
d- b±V dk tokc iRFkj ls nsuk ¾
_____________________________________________
iz;ksx &
_____________________________________________
[k- dystk eq¡g dks vkuk ¾
_____________________________________________
iz;ksx &
_____________________________________________
x- vkLrhu dk lk¡i ¾
_____________________________________________
iz;ksx &

5- Bhd okD; ij (4) dk fpg~u rFkk xyr ij (8) dk fpg~u yxkb, A

d- xka/h t;arh nks (2) vDrwcj dks eukbZ tkrh gS A
[k- lIrkg dk nwljk fnu eaxyokj gS A
x- tqykbZ ekg esa 30 fnu gksrs gSa A

85
?k- cdjh xqu&xqu djrh gS A
M- 'ksj fpa?kkM+rk gS A

6- fuEu 'kCnksa ds nks&nks i;kZ;okph 'kCn fy[ksa A

d- ekrk
[k- vfXu
x- pUnzek

7- uhps dqN fp=k fn, x, gSa vki bu fp=kksa ds fy, dfork dh ,d iafDr fy[k nhft, A

____________________________________
d- eqxkZ

____________________________________
[k- eksckby

____________________________________
x- ns[kks

____________________________________
?k- ns[kks

____________________________________
M- fVd&fVd

____________________________________
p- pUnk ekek

86
8- iz/kuea=kh ds LoPNrk vfHk;ku ij ,d vuqPNsn fyf[k, A

9- fo|ky; NksM+us ds izek.k i=k dks izkIr djus gsrq iz/kukpk;Z th dks izkFkZuk&i=k fyf[k,A

87
10- vki viuk ifjp; fy[ksa %
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uke d{kk
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fo|ky; dk uke
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vius ?kj dk nwjHkk"k Øekad
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vius fo|ky; dk nwjHkk"k Øekad
11- uhps ^nks gal ,oa dNqvk* uked dgkuh dks laf{kIr :i esa fn;k x;k gS A vki bls
vPNh izdkj ls i<+dj bl dgkuh dks foLrkj iwoZd vius 'kCnksa esa fyf[k, A
,d rkykc esa ,d dNqvk rFkk nks gal jgrs Fks A rhuksa vPNs fe=k Fks A mUgksaus nwljs rkykc esa
tkus dh ;kstuk cukbZ A galksa us dNq, ls cksyus dks euk fd;k Fkk A os rhuksa ;kstukuqlkj py
iM+sA dNq, ls jgk ugha x;k A og cksy iM+k vkSj tehu ij fxj dj ej x;k A

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