Maklumat berikut mungkin berguna. Simbol-simbol itu mempunyai makna yang biasa.

The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual meaning.

vu
1. 21. v = f
a= t
2. v2 = u2 + 2as 22. V = IR
1
3. 23. Q = It
s = ut + 2 at2
Gm1m2
4. Momentum = mv 24. F
Daya graviti / Gravitational force, r2
Pecutan graviti/
5.. F = ma 25. GM
g 2
Gravitational acceleration, r
1 mv 2
6. 26. F
Tenaga kinetik/ Kinetic Energy= 2 mv2 Daya memusat/ Centripetal force, r
Pecutan memusat /
Tenaga keupayaan graviti/
7. 27. v2
Gravitational Potential Energy = mgh a
Centripetal acceleration, r
Tenaga Keupayaan Elastik/ Tenaga keupayaan graviti /
8. 1 28. Gm1m2
U 
Elastic Potential Energy = 2 Fx Gravitational potential energy, r
GM
9. Kuasa /Power, P =
Tenaga
Masa
29.
Laju linear/ Linear speed, v=
√ r

m 2 r
10. 30. v
 =V Laju linear/ Linear speed, T
2GM
11. Kuasa /Power, P = IV 31. v
Halaju lepas/ Escape velocity, r

4 2 r 3
12. Tekanan cecair/ Pressure, P = h  g 32. T2 
Tempoh orbit/ Orbital period, GM
F T12 r13
13. 33. 
Tekanan/ Pressure , P = A T22 r23
14. Haba /Heat, Q = mc∆ 34. g = 9.81 m s-2
PV 24
15.
T
35. Jisim bumi/ Mass of Earth, M  5.97  10 kg
= constant
sin i 6
16. 36. Jejari bumi / Radius of earth, R  6.37  10 m
n = sin r
real depth Pemalar graviti/ Gravitational constant
17. 37.
appreant depth G  6.67  1011 Nm 2 kg 2
n =
1 1 1
 30
18.
f u + v
38. Jisim matahari/ Mass of the sun = 1.99  10 kg
v
19. Linear magnification, m= 39. E  mc 2
u
 ax
20. 40. c  3.0  108 m s 1
 = D

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