ADA Cellworks

IBS TRAINING

PREPARED BY:

JAYAN.Y
ADA CELLWORKS,PUNE
 ADA Cellworks

CONTENTS
 IBS SURVEY
 LINK BUDGET CALCULATION
 IMPLEMENTATION
 QUALITY CHECKLIST
 VENDOR HANDLING TIPS
 REPEATER
 BASIC OF LOS SURVEY
 BASIC OF RF SURVEY
 ADA Cellworks

What is IBS/DAS ?

1.In-building Solution (IBS) / Distributed Antenna System

(DAS)

1.Small Cell Coverage within building premises

2.Signal is restricted inside the building

3.Antenna installed inside the building

4.Low Transmit Power of Antenna

5.Smaller Antenna size

 ADA Cellworks

What drives the need for IBS ?

1. Demand of Continuous coverage

2. Indoor Activities generating high traffic

3. Poor indoor coverage of outdoor sites

4. Offloading outdoor cells with high utilization

5. Improvement of Network Performance.

 ADA Cellworks

IBS Project

1.Site Survey (IBS and LOS)

2.Design report preparation of the survey

3.Implementation work

4.Frequency planning and database

preparation

5.Walk test

6.Optimization and site handover

 ADA Cellworks

PLANNING PROCESS
Survey, IBS Planning
 ADA Cellworks

IBS Planning Process Flow

Chart

SITE ACQUISITION

Customer request

1. With target buildings -> Preliminary site survey

2. Without target buildings -> Area survey to locate possible

target buildings

-> Approval: customer accepts

target buildings
 ADA Cellworks

PRELIMINARY SITE SURVEY/PRE- PLANNING

1. Building Information.
2. Surrounding Network Information.
3. Draft Solution Design.
4. Budgetary Cost Estimation.
 ADA Cellworks

SITE SURVEY

1. Propagation Measurement.
2. Final BTS & Antenna location.
3. Final Cable routing.
4. Photos of Antenna Location, BTS Location, Microwave
Pole location.
 ADA Cellworks

DETAIL DESIGN REPORT

1. System Diagram (Trunking Diagram).

2. Power Budget Calculation.
3. Solution Description Template.
4. TSSR (Technical Site Survey Report) for BTS &
Microwave details.
 ADA Cellworks

TYPES OF TYPICAL BUILDINGS COVERED IN

IBS
1.Office Complex
2.Shopping Malls.
3.Hotels & Restaurants.
4.Hospitals.
5.VIP Guest House.
6.Exhibition Centre.
7.Government Buildings.
8.Airports.
9.Railway Stations.
10.Corporate Residential Complex.
11.Factories & Industries
 ADA Cellworks

IBS SURVEY & PRE-PLANNING

 ADA Cellworks

TOOLS REQUIRED FOR IBS SURVEY

1. GPS
2. Digital Camera.
3. Magnetic Compass.
4. Binoculars.
5. Measuring Tape.
6. Net Monitor Phone.
7. Floor Plan of that Particular Site
 ADA Cellworks

STEPS IN IBS SURVEY

1. Study the building architecture, with the help of floor plans &
guidance from
Building authorities
2. Understand the requirements need in terms of Coverage, Capacity,
future
Subscriber growth etc.
3. Identify the duct for the cable routing & component location.
4. Survey on each floor using net monitor and floor plan.
5. Mark the present signal level and the antenna location to be
installed in the
floor plan.
6. Note down all the present serving cell information like CELL ID,
BCCH, Rx.
Level, etc.
7. Identify the BTS location, antenna locations and mark on the floor
plan.
8. Also not down the type of ceiling, whether pop cutting is required
or not
 ADA
Cellworks
LOS SURVEY

MAKE TERRACE LAY OUT

TAKE LAT – LONG BY GPS

ASK FOR FAR END TO SURVEY CO ORDINATOR

DECIDE TOWER HEIGHT( e. g POLE,RTT, GBT )REQUIREMENT
( ALSO CONSIDER CUSTOMER SPECIFICATION , NOT MENDATORY )
CHECK POSSIBILITY OF CABLE ROUTING UPTO BTS LOCATION

IF PCM CABLE OR A-BTS IS REQUIRED FOR TX ,THEN MAKE NOTE THAT PCM CABLE LENGTH
IS NOT EXCEEDING BY THAT OF GIVEN SPECIFICATION( UPTO 250 M).
( DO NOT COMPROMISE WITH BTS LOCATION IT AFFECTS POWER CALCUTAION )
 ADA Cellworks

INDOOR PROPOGATION
 Indoor channels are different from traditional mobile radio
channels in two different ways
• The distances covered are much smaller
• The variability of the environment is much greater for a
much
smaller range of Tx-Rx separation distances.

 The propagation inside a building is influenced by

• Layout of the building
• Construction materials

 Typical building type

• Sports arena, residential home, factory,...

 Indoor propagation is dominated by the same mechanisms as

outdoor
• reflection, scattering, diffraction.
 ADA Cellworks

 However, conditions are much more variable

• Doors/windows open or not

 The mounting place of antenna

• On the wall, ceiling, etc.
• The level of floors

 In building path loss factors

• Partition losses (same floor)
• Partition losses between floors
 ADA Cellworks

PARTITION LOSSES
 There are two kind of partition at the same floor:
• Hard partitions: the walls of the rooms
• Soft partitions: moveable partitions that does not
span to the
ceiling
• The path loss depends on the type of the partitions

PARTITION LOSSES BETWEEN FLOORS

 The losses between floors of a building are determined by
• External dimensions and materials of the building
• Type of construction used to create floors
• External surroundings
• Number of windows
• Presence of tinting on windows
 ADA
Cellworks

o Antenna System used in IBS

 Integrated Antenna System
An Indoor area covered by one location e.g., open premises like
sports
arena, railway station where BTS is mounted on the wall connected
to the Integrated antenna system

 Antennas Distributed Via Coax Feeder Network

This is the most simplified method used in IBS. It has some
advantage like
low cost, flexibility in the
Design when shaping the coverage area, robust and well proven
technique
 Leaky Cable
This type is mainly used in Train tunnels, where it is tough to install
with Coax feeder network. It also has flexible design but it is costly
 Antennas Distributed Via Fibre Optic Network
Low attenuation is the key factor for the deploying IBS thro fibre
 ADA
Cellworks
14M
SP4W5F01 AN5F005 15M
27M
08M
SP3W5F03
AN5F013
03M
AN6F001 AN5F006
SP3W5F01 3M
06M AN5F014
15M AN5F007 09M 14M
11M
AN5F004 SP2W5F04 AN5F025
24M J SP2W5F03 AN5F008
10M 04M
09M
SP2W5F01 AN5F003 25M AN5F009 08M AN5F015
10M
17M
J SP2W5F05
AN5F002 J AN5F010 13M
9M SP4W5F02
11M AN5F016
SP2W5F02 06M 6M
AN5F011 AN5F021
AN5F001 19M 08M
AN5F012 AN5F022
5M
A 14M 30M 23M 12M
10dB 7dB 7dB 07M
SP3W5F02 SP2W5F06
CP10dB5F01 CP7dB5F01 CP7dB5F02 AN5F023

10M
AN5F017
7dB J 15M
20M
15M
AN5F018
CP7dB5F03
SP4W5F03
AN5F019
10M
AN5F020
21M
AN5F025
 ADA
Cellworks

17M 11M 13M 23M

AN5F010 AN5F011 AN5F018 AN5F019

AN5F0139

J 21M 08M
SP3W5F02 SP4W5F01 SP4W5F03
5M SP2W5F04
10M 7M 18M
AN5F003 AN5F023
15M 11M
AN5F017 J
7dB AN5F020 08M
Cable goes to the sixth floor CP7dB5F03
AN5F009 20M AN5F022
24M AN5F012 23M 23M 7dB
25M
AN5F004 SP2W5F03
10M SP3W5F01 CP7dB5F02
3M 13M
SP2W5F01 CP7dB5F01 30M 19M
AN5F002 AN5F013 09M AN5F016
J
J SP2W5F02 14M
14M 7dB 10M SP2W5F06
14M
6M 14M AN5F008
AN5F005 AN5F021
10dB

09M
SP3W5F03 SP2W5F05
8M CP10dB5F01 SP4W5F02 3M 4M
8M 8M
AN5F001

AN5F140
AN5F014 AN5F015
AN5F006 AN5F007

DUCT – 1( ELECTRICAL)
 LINK BUDGET CALCULATION
ADA
Cellworks
IT IS BASICALLY FOR POWER THAT REQUIRED AT ANTENNA END.IT DEPENDS ON THE COMPONENTS
THAT HAS BEEN USED FROM BTS TO ANTENNA THAT IS ERP( EFFECTIVE RADIATED POWER ).

We generally deal with EIRP ( Effective Isotropic Radiated Power ),which is defined below.

EIRP( Effective Isotropic Radiated Power )= ERP( Effective Radiated Power ) + Gain of that component

LIST OF COMPONENTS WITH LOSSES ARE AS FOLLOWS::

1) SPLITTERS
2) COUPLERS
3) CABLES
4) ANTENNAS
5) COMBINER
6) JUMPER CABLE
1) SPLITTERS:: ADA
Cellworks
Generally 3 types of splitters are used in IBS which are as follows.

TYPE LOSS (dB)

2 WAY -3.25
3 WAY -5.05
4 WAY -6.25
1) SPLITTERS ( Continue )::
ADA
Cellworks

2 WAY 3 WAY 4 WAY

2) COUPLERS::
ADA
Cellworks

TYPE LOSS AT LOSS AT

COUPLE PORT (dB) THROUGH PORT (dB)
7 dB
-7 -1.5
10 dB
-10 -0.5
15 dB
-15 -0.3

NOTE: Ideally there should be 0 dB loss at through port. But there is always some loss, which is
mentioned in table.
 ADA
2) COUPLERS ( Continue ):: Cellworks
THROUGH PORT

COUPLED PORT

INPUT
3) CABLES::
ADA
Cellworks

TYPE LOSS (dB per meter)

½ ‘’( LDF4-50 A)
-0.11
7/8 ‘’( LDF5-50 A )
-0.06
1-5/8’’ ( LDF7-50 A )
-0.03
 ADA
3) CABLES ( Continue )::
Cellworks
4) ANTENNAS::
ADA
Cellworks
Generally 3 types of antenna are used in IBS, which are as follows.

TYPE Gain (dBi )

OMNI ANTENNA
2
PANEL ANTENNA
7
FLAT PATCH OMNI ANTENNA
5
4) ANTENNAS ( Continue ):: ADA
Cellworks

OMNI ANTENNA
 ADA
4) ANTENNAS ( Continue ):: Cellworks

PANEL ANTENNA
4) ANTENNAS ( Continue ):: ADA
Cellworks

12 cm

12 cm

FLAT PATCH OMNI ANTENNA ( Vendor : Kaweri )

5) COMBINER:: ADA
Cellworks
A combiner is the device that enables several transmitters to transmitter from the same antenna.

TYPE LOSS

HYBRID COMBINER( 2 I/P,1

O/P ) 3 dB

TX 1
A
N
T
e. g TRX E
N
N
TX 2 A
 ADA
Cellworks
6) LINK BUDGET CALCULATION :: Example with Trunking Diagram:
 ADA
Cellworks

NOTE:BTS POWER IS MENTIONED AS 37 CONSIDERING 3dB COMBINER LOSS.

 ADA
6) DIFFERENT CONNECTOR USED IN IMPLEMENTATION: Cellworks
( 1 ) ½ N MALE CONNECTOR( L4PNM-RC )

Connect with antenna port

Or splitter port.

Connect with ½ cable

To connect female port of other component like our antennas and splitter.
 ( 2 ) ½ N FEMALE CONNECTOR( L4PNF-RC )
ADA
Cellworks

Connect with male port like

7/8 to ½ inch connector
Or Kaveri combiner

Connect with ½ cable

To connect male port of other component like 7/8 to ½ connector.

 ( 3 ) 7/8 to ½ inch CONNECTOR( L5PNM-RC )
ADA
Cellworks

Connect with female port like

Our antannas and splitter

Connect with 7/8 cable( LDF 5-50A )

To connect female port of 7/8 cable at one side and female port of ½ cable or splitter
 ( 4 ) DIN Male for LDF5-50 A 7/8 inch Cable( L5PDM-RPC )
ADA
Cellworks

Connect with female port of

jumper cable or directly to
Port of BTS which is
Generally at the top of Ultra BTS

Connect with 7/8 cable( LDF 5-50A )

To connect female port of 7/8 cable at one side and BTS port or jumper cable
 ADA
( 5 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(AVANTEL) Cellworks
Female Port

Female Port
Female Port
 ( 6 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(KAVERI)
ADA
( 6 ) EXTERNAL COMBINER(KAVERI) Cellworks
Female Port

Female Port
Female Port
 ADA
( 7 ) EXTERNAL JUMPER CABLE
Cellworks
THIS PORT HAS SIZE SAME AS 7/8 CABLE

AT COMBIER END

AT BTS END
 7) BTS Types:

Generally 3 types of BTS

Available. ADA
1) Ultra BTS
Cellworks

Configuration: 4+4+4
Power: 43 dBm

Nominal Voltage:230AC/-48VDC Cabinet Max. power Demand:1.8KVVAC / 1.5KVADC

 ADA
2) METRO BTS
Cellworks

85cm

25cm

35cm

Configuration: 2+2
Power: 40 dBm
 ADA
Cellworks
SECTOR’S JUMPER CABLE

MW CABLE FOR CONNECTIVITY

 3) ULTRA MINI BTS
ADA
Cellworks

It looks same as Ultra BTS.

Configuration: 2+2
Power: 43 dBm
 ADA Cellworks

DETAILED DESIGN REPORT

1. Building Information: Co-ordinates, No. of Floors, Basements,
Lobbies.
2. BTS Information: BTS Type, BTS O/P power, TRX Configuration,
Sectorization.
3. TSSR Form – Transmission & RF details if planned with outdoor
sectors also)
4. Trunking Diagram - Schematic Presentation of Antenna to BTS
connection via different components like, splitters, combiners &
couplers.
5. Link Budget Calculations – EIRP calculation at all antenna ports,
considering all the losses.
6. Planned Antenna Location with coverage area.
7. Bill of Quantity - Material Requirement for the Implementation of
DAS.
 ADA
REPEATER : Cellworks
Generally used where capacity required is low.
It amplifies and converts weak signal into stronger signal by adding some gain to it.

There are 2 types of repeaters.

1) BAND SELECTIVE:

It amplifies and boost frequency of particular BAND

2) FREQUENCY SELECTIVE:

It amplifies and boost particular frequencies only (Generally 2 / 3 frequency.

 ADA Cellworks

TYPICAL REPEATER INSTALLATION

 ADA
Cellworks
PICK UP ANTENNA(HIGHLY DIRECTIONAL )
NEARER SITE
 ADA
Cellworks
CONNECTED TO ANTENNA

CONNECTED TO PEAK INDOOR REPEATER

UP ANTENNA

POWER: 2W GENERALLY.( 33 dBm )

BAND SELECTIVE
 ADA Cellworks

IBS IMPLEMENTATION
 ADA Cellworks

TYPICAL IBS INSTALLATION

 ADA Cellworks

GENERAL IMPLEMENTATION ISSUE IN IBS

 OPEN CONNECTION
Antenna, splitter, coupler port is open

 COUPLER
Couple port/through port is reversed
Input port/through port is reversed

 LABELING
All the splitters and couplers should be labeled for easy identification

 ANTENNA PLACEMENT OR ORIENTATIONS IS NOT AS PER PLAN

Shift in antennas if any due to route / customer problem.

 THERE IS NO PROPER SADDLING, TYING OF CABLES

No Saddling/tying done on site, typical requirement is as follows
i.e., every 1mtr or 1.5mtr cable is to be tied

 REQUIREMENT OF EXTRA MATERIAL

Clamps FOR Antennas/cable
 ADA Cellworks

VENDOR HANDLING
1. Handover site to vendor with all details like work permission,
material storage
space, proper cable routing.
2. Generate MRF for delivery of material to this site.
3. Ask vendor for daily update.
4. Must visit site 2-3 day in week.
5. Ask all details after completion of full site.
6. Get the material details from the vendor
7. Get the BOM (Bill of Material) from the vendor and generate cam
Form for
the site after reconciling the material
 ADA Cellworks

IMPLIMENTATION AUDIT
Visit site daily if possible otherwise 2-3 day in week
Check installation is as par plan or change
Decide any changes in antenna location (if require according to
aesthetic,
permission, cable routing etc..)
 ADA Cellworks

IBS IMPLEMENTATION QUALITY STANDARDS.

1. No Extra Cable is left rolled near the BTS Equipment.
2. Feeder Cable and components have to be independently & properly
clamped
(saddling) to the wall or laid over the cable tray .
3. Combiner is clamped and the various cables to and from the
combiner are
secured properly on the Cable tray or Wall mount.
4. Feeder Installation for all the sectors should have appropriate
bending radius
for both 1/2” & 7/8”.
5. Connector have to be weather proofed
6. Feeders & components should be anchored at fixed intervals by
saddling/cable tie
7. Aesthetic rectification should be completed with cleanliness
 ADA
Cellworks

THANK YOU…