Yarmouk University

Hijjawi Faculty For engineering

Technology
Department of Civil Engineering
Materials of Construction Laboratory

Name : Husam samer Al-rjoub

S.N : 2018988039
Experiment Name: compressive and
flexural test of mortar
Date :26-nov-2020
Dr.musab Y abuaddous
Table of Contents :
subject page
Abstract, Introduction 2
Methods and Materials 3
Experimental Procedure 4,5
Results and Discussion 6,7,8
Conclusions, References, Appendices 9

Abstract :
The fact that a reduction of porosity in a solid material increases its strength in general, and the
strength of cement-based materials in particular, was recognized long ago . It has also been
discovered that porosity has an important role in the frost resistance of concrete. Furthermore,
porosity has a role in the relationship between mechanical properties of concrete, such as the
compressive strength-modulus of elasticity relationship.The In the field of more basic research,
the pore structure of cementbased materials has been a dominant topic . But experimentally
measurement of a relevant porosity parameter has proved to be extremely difficult in
cementbased materials. Hence the results obtained will depend not only on the measuring
principle but also on the drying method used prior to the porosity measurements . But even with
these problems solved, a connection between the porosity and strength has to be established
cement paste that will produce the desired consistency of any givencement. The water content is
expressed as a percentage by mass of the dry cement

Introduction :
Mortar is a mixture of sand, a binder such as cement or lime, and water and is applied as a paste
which then sets hard. it Uses of mortar like form soft layers fro bricks and stones in masonry
work. It also used to bind the bricks and stones with each other. It also provides water lightness
against the weather. Mortars use as the plaster or impermeable covering for walls and roofs. we
performed tests of mechanical properties of mortar such as Compression Test and Flexure Test
on mortar to evaluate strength of hardened cement to make sure the quality of cement and his
approval of the national standards.

Methods and Materials :

1- Hydraulic cement 2 - water 3 - standard sand

4-Mixer 5- specimen molds 6-compression testing

machine

7-Caliper

8- flexural testing machine

9-Timer
10-Balance

Experimental Procedure:

Procedure for Concrete Cube Test

1. Remove the specimen from the water after specified curing time and wipe out
excess water from the surface.
2. Take the dimension of specimen to the nearest 0.2m
3. Clean the bearing surface of the testing machine
4. Place the specimen in the machine in such a manner that the load shall be
applied to the opposite sides of the cube cast.
5. Align the specimen centrally on the base plate of the machine.
6. Rotate the movable portion gently by hand so that it touches the top surface of
the specimen.
7. Apply the load gradually without shock and continuously at the rate of 140
kg/cm2/minute till the specimen fails
8. Record the maximum load and note any unusual features in the
. type of failure
 Procedure for Concrete prisms Test

1-Wipe the concrete sample as necessary to remove any surface moisture and wipe
clean the bearing faces of the upper and lower bearing blocks.
2- Place the sample in the compression-testing machine. The sample should be
placed in the machine such that form faces are on the top and bottom, that is,
where these formed faces will contact the load and support points. Ensure the
prims is centered over the supporting span and perpendicular to the support.
3- Zero the force readout of the compression-testing machine and ensure that
the peak recording function is enabled.
4- Apply load continuously at a rate of movement corresponding to a rate of
increase of stress on the tension face of the sample
5-Record the maximum load carried by the sample during the test and note the
observed fracture pattern. The numerical result of the test is a function of the
observed failure mode.

Results and Discussion:

Part 1 : Flow Table Test
 Group # w/c D1 D2 D3 D4 Flow Table Value

1 0.67 27 28 28 29

2 0.70 26 27 28 26

3 0.73 31 31 30 31

Part 2: Compression and Flexural Tests

Group Compression Test Compression Test (POP) Flexural Test

nomber

Specimen # Load (KN) Specimen # Part I Part II Average load Specimen # Load
(KN)
(KN)

1 1 37.632 1 24.185 25.421 24.803 1 1.437

2 35.11 2 25.16 24.948 25.054 2 1.155

3 34.618 3 21.911 23.377 22.644 3 1.223

2 1 29.198 1 23.198 19.954 21.576 1 1.337

2 27.801 2 22.537 23.594 23.065 2 1.258

3 28.191 3 22.291 21.180 21.735 3 1.017

3 1 21.349 1 19.666 21.404 20.535 1 1.101

2 23.214 2 20.682 22.347 21.514 2 0.960

3 22.134 3 18.783 22.328 20.555 3 1.04

Table (1): Strengths Measurements of Hardened Standard Cement Mortar.

Gro Compression Test Compression Test (POP ) Flexure Test
up
(A= 50*50) mm2 (A= 50*40) mm2 ( L=100, C=20, b=40, h=40) mm
1 # Load CS AVG σi CO Avg CS AVG σi CO Loa FS AVG σi COV
Vi Load Vi d i
(kN) (MPa (MPa) (MPa (MPa (MPa (MPa (MPa (MPa (MPa
) ) (%) (kN) ) ) ) (%) ( kN ) ) ) (%)
)

1 37.63 15.05 14.312 0.64 44% 24.80 12.40 12.08 0.662 5.4% 1.43 3.367 2.98 0.344 11.5
2 2 3 1 3 7 %

2 35.11 14.04 25.05 12.52 1.15 2.707

4 4 7 5

3 34.61 13.84 22.64 11.32 1.22 2.866

8 7 4 2 3

2 1 29.19 11.67 11.358 0.288 2.5% 21.57 10.78 11.06 0.408 3.6% 1.33 3.133 2.821 0.319 11.3
8 9 6 8 2 7 %

2 27.80 11.12 23.06 11.53 1.25 2.948

1 0 5 2 8

3 28.19 11.27 21.73 10.86 1.01 2.383

1 6 5 7 7

3 1 21.34 8.539 8.892 0.37 4% 20.53 10.26 10.43 0.280 2.6% 1.10 2.580 2.422 0.135 5.5%
9 5 7 3 1

2 23.21 9.285 21.51 10.75 0.96 2.25

4 4 7 0

3 22.13 8.853 20.55 10.27 1.04 2.437

4 5 7

CS: Compressive strength; AVG: Average; SD: Standard Deviation;

COV: Coefficient of variation;
POP: Part of Prism
n= Number of Specimens for each group
 Table (2): Statistical Analysis of Strength Measurements-Hardened
Cement Mortar

Parameter Compressive Compressive Flexure Strength

Strength Strength (POP)
Average within Batches
Standard Deviation .43 .45 .266

Average within batches

16.83 3.8 9.43

Grand Average
11.520 11.192 2.741

Between batches Standard

1.298 1.35 0.798
Deviation

Between batches COV

11.267 12.062 29.113

Conclusions:
The usage of non-destructive methods for determining the mortar compressive strength in the bed
joints of operating brickwork buildings (that is, by measuring ultrasonic wave propagation speed or
measuring the hardness of mortar with the sklerometer) is limited due to the low bed joint thickness
(12–15 mm). These methods can be used to determine only parameters of outer layers, which do not
reflect the total strength of mortar joint. The mortar compressive strength can be determined by testing
with punch mortar plates punchremoved from the bed joints of brickwork buildings or glued cubes
composed of mortar plates. For this purpose the estimated strength reduction coefficient dependencies
can be applied.

References:
1-Standard Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
(https://www.astm.org/Standards/C1437)

2-A Brencich, L. Gambaarotta, Mechanical response of solid clay brickwork under eccentric loading, Part
I: Unreinforced masonry, Materials and Structures 38 (2005) 257–266.

3- U. Huster, Tragverhalten von einschaligem Natursteinmauerwerk unter zentrischer

Druckbeanspruchung, Kassel University Press, Kasse. 2000

4- E. Sassoni, C. Mazzotti, The use of small diameter cores for assessing the compressive strength
of clay brick masonries, Journal of Cultural Heritage 14(3) (2013) e95–e101.
doi:10.1016/j.culher.2012.11.027.

Appendices:
Cement-based: materials are thixotropic, non-Newtonian viscous, yield-stress
fluids. Although their rheology is quite complicated, it changes as the hydration process
starts, and the apparent viscosity of the material continually evolves over short time
scales