Componential Analysis:

As definition states:
Componential Analysis is a way of structural semantics which breaks down the words into
segments. Along these lines, it uncovers the socially significant highlights by which speakers of
the language recognize various words in a semantic field. However, what I understood from the
lecture is that,
In Componential Analysis, a certain word is broken down into meaningful segments which make
up the total sum of the meaning in a word.
From the lecture it was quite eminent to find some information that,
· Each word consist an actual surface meaning and also the underlying meaning.
· Its really crucial for us to understand the underlying basic meaning in order to
understand languages from different cultures
· Componential Analysis enables us to understand these meanings and traits present in a
certain word and let us better understand the word throught these tiny segments.
· In Componential Analysis, we use the sign of the plus (+) for the presence of any trait in
the word.
· While, sign of minus (-) is used to analyze absence of a trait in the word. For instance,
BACHELOR [+MALE][+ADULT][+HUMAN][-MARRIED]
· Componential Analysis gives us an insight how words can have meanings and gives us a
way to study these words which are inter-related in meaning.
Meaning of words at sentence level:
· Meaning of words at sentence level is not as simple as you think.
· Finding meanings of certain words is easy. However, finding the meanings of these
words in a different sentence structure is quite hard.
· In order to reach to the meaning of words in a sentence one must know that sentence
does not carry the sum of whole meaning of the segments or components.
· Secondly, There are two aspects of meanings within a particular sentence, i-e,
 1. Grammatical meaning: the meaning which refers to the well-formedness or coherence
of the sentence.
2. Semantic meaning is the other aspect which is related to selectional restriction. An
example would make it quite clear,
He is cooking a football. (Here the grammatical aspect is correct because it follow the
rules of grammar, however, the other aspect i-e semantic aspect is not correct because the
meaning is not clear and insensible).
Prediction Analysis:
· According to leech's Analysis, sentence consists of a subject and predicate.
· Subject is the main word and predicate provides the basic meaning to it and the
sentence.
Hesubject diedpredicate.
· In argument and Predicate, Subject is refered to be an argument while predicate is
something that states something about the argument(subject).
· There are three types of predictions,
3. One-place predication (when there is one noun in a sentence)
Ali(one noun) is strong.
4. Two-place predication (when there are two nouns in a sentence)
Hamza(one noun) like drums(second noun).
5. No-place predication (when there is no noun)
It is raining. (no noun)