Identification of important pests and diseases in my locality

Table 1.0 List of Pests

Sl. No. Photo Common Name Botanical Name Family Order Host Crop
1. Common cutworm Agrotis segetum Noctuidae Lepidoptera Chilli, Tomato and
Maize

2. Armyworm Pseudaletia separata Noctuidae Lepidoptera Maize

3. Cabbage aphid Brevicoeyne brassicae Aphididae Hemiptera Cole crops

4. Cabbage moth Mamestra brassicae Noctuidae Lepidoptera Cole crops

5. Chilli Helicoverpa armigera Noctuidae Lepidoptera Chilli

pod-borer

6. Tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris Miridae Hemiptera Saag

7. Apple fruit beetle Protaetia neglecta Scarabaeidae Coleoptera Apple

8. Woolly aphid Eriosoma lanigerum Aphididae Hemiptera Apple

9. Citrus shield bug Rhynchocoris poseidon Pentatomidae Hemiptera Citrus

10. Maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais Curculionidae Coleoptera Maize

 Table 2.0 List of Diseases

Sl. Disease name Causal Organism Pathogen Host Crop Signs and Symptoms
No. type
1. Gray mold Botrytiscinerea Fungus Tomato  Formation of water soaked
spots on leaves.
 These spots will turn from
gray to brown.
 Cause wilting of leaves.

2. Powdery mildew Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Fungus Apple, Citrus  Appearance of white

Leveillula, Oidium grapes, powdery patches.
Cucumbers  Infected young leaves
and peas. become deformed.
 Shoots die progressively
beginning at the tips.

3. Downy Mildew oomycetes Fungus Lettuce and  Blocky yellow areas

cole crops visible on upper surface of
leaves.
 They expand and turn
brown as lesions mature.
 Small spores can be
observed among the mold.

4. Fusarium Wilt Fusarium oxysporum Fungus Beans,  Drooping and yellowing

Tomatoes and of leaves.
Peas  Causes leaves and flower
heads to wilt.
 Stunted plant growth.

5. Bacterial Canker Pseudomonas syringae Bacteria Peaches and  Formation of gummy

Plum lesions on trunk and twigs.
 Oozing of sour smelling
sap out of the wounded
areas in active growth state
during spring.
 Cankers become darker
than the surrounding
healthy bark.

6. Potato blight Phytophthora infestans Fungus Potato  Watery rot of leaves

 Development of brown
lesions
 Tubers will have reddish
brown decay below the
skin

7. Chilli blight Phytophthora capsici Fungus Chilli  Damping-off of seedlings

 Collar rot and wilting in
stem phase
 Discolouration and
blanched infected fruits

8. Clubroot Plasmodiophora Fungus Cole crops  Abnormal enlargement of

brassicae the root system.
 Root thickest at the center
and tapering towards the
ends.
 Stunted growth and
accelerated flowering.

9. Gray leaf spot Cercospora zeaemaydis Fungus Maize  Lesions begin as small,
regular, elongated brown-
gray necrotic spots
roughly parallel to leaf
veins.
 The spots have yellow
border.
 Plants appear as if they are
blanched by hot water.
10. Leaf curl Taphrina deformans Fungus Peach  Deformation of leaves.
 Red-like colouration of
leaves.
 Leaves become thick and
rubbery compared to
normal ones.