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The Last Supper by Zapata, in The: Cuzco Cathedral
The Last Supper by Zapata, in The: Cuzco Cathedral
Marcos Zapata (c. 1710-1773), also called Marcos Sapaca Inca, was a Peruvian painter, born
in Cuzco. He was one of the last members of the Cuzco School, an art center in which Spanish
painters taught native students to paint religious works. Zapata introduced elements from his
own lands into his paintings. For instance, his 1753 rendering of the Last Supper shows Jesus
and his disciples gathering around a table laid with guinea pig and glasses of chicha.
Between 1748 and 1764, Zapata painted at least 200 works. 24 of them portrayed the life of
Saint Francis of Assisi for the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin of Santiago, Chile. He painted 50
linen cloths with the Laurentina Litany for the Cathedral of Santo Domingo, Cusco. Red and blue
were prominent colours in his palette.[1]
His influential style developed between 1748 and 1773. He is known for his beautiful portraits
of the Virgin Mary, almost always surrounded by cherubim. Zapata incorporated allegorical
subjects in his Madonnas. Christoph Thomas Scheffler wrote in 1732, that the painter was
inspired by prints of the subject. His compositions are didactic, with a relatively simple reading
of complex theological concepts.[1]
By order of the Jesuits, Zapata created another similar series of painting, assisted by his
apprentice, Cipriano Gutiérrez. These included an enthroned Virgin, which Zapata finished in
1764 for the Parish of the Almudena. His majestic representation enjoyed enormous
acceptance, judging by the large numbers of copies and variants that circulated in throughout
the region. The fame of Zapata widely extended the limits of Cuzco, and its sphere of influence
extended through Peru, Chile, and northern Argentina. The art of this teacher was continued in
later decades by several of his followers, including Antonio Vilca and Ignacio Chacón.[1]
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