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Op-­‐Amp

 internal  circuits  
Bipolar  (BJT)  or  MOSFET  ?    
N-­‐  or  P-­‐Input  for  Op-­‐Amp  ?  
Comparator,  Opamp,  OTA  ?  
Comparator,  Opamp,  OTA  ?  
Basic  use  of  OpAmps  
Comparator  with  N-­‐device  as  input  
Simple  1-­‐stage  CMOS  -­‐  OTA  
gm  –  compare  BJT  /  MOSFET  
2-­‐stage  MOSFET  –  Comparator  
2-­‐stage  MOSFET  –  OTA  „Miller  OTA“  
Bode  diagram  of  Miller  OTA  
AC-­‐SimulaMon  of  a  2-­‐stage  Miller  OTA  
AC-­‐analysis:  Check  Stability  with  Transient  Analysis  
w/l  scaling  for  2-­‐stage  MOSFET  -­‐  comparator  
How  to  avoid/to  minimize  offset  of  a  comparator  
Random  Offset  –  Monte  Carlo  SimulaMon  
Improve  the  offset  with  larger  devices  
MOSFET  -­‐  comparator  with  push-­‐pull  current  output  
MOSFET  -­‐  comparator  (OTA)  with  cascode  output  
MOSFET  -­‐  OTA:  Folded  cascode  
Folded  cascode  OTA  –  frequency  response  
Folded  Cascode  example  with  p-­‐channel  input  
Bipolar  (BJT)  -­‐  comparator  
Comparator  with  P-­‐device  as  input  
pnp-­‐input  Comparator:  Input  voltage  range  
Darlington  inputs  
pnp  darlington  comparator:  current  measurement  
P-­‐input  MOS  comparator:  logic  input  buffer  with  special  
input  specificaMon  range  
npn-­‐input  comparator:  open  load  voltage  measurement  
EmiZer  /  Source  Follower  as  Output  Stage  
Opamp  as  buffer  
npn-­‐input  Opamp  as  buffer  (voltage  follower)  
Opamp  with  push-­‐pull  output  
MOSFET  -­‐  Push-­‐Pull  Output  Stage  
N-­‐input  MOSFET  comparator  with  hysteresis  
npn-­‐input,  otherwise  MOSFET  comp.:  voltage  measurement  
Bip/MOSFET  Comparator  with  Hysteresis  
with  clamp  voltage  (vr3)  to  avoid  bipolar  saturaMon  
CalculaMon  of  hysteresis  of  bipolar  comparator  
Comparator  with  emiZer-­‐input  
pnp  with  emiZer  -­‐  input  
P-­‐channel  source-­‐input  comparator  
Current  measurement  with  Shunt-­‐Resistor  
Current  Measurement  with  Shunt-­‐Resistor:  
emiZer-­‐input-­‐comparator,  uses  ΔVBE  principle  
Current  Measurement  with  Sense-­‐Transistor  
Shunt-­‐resistance  in  series  to  sense-­‐cell  
Current  Measurement  with  Sense-­‐Transistor  
Sense-­‐cell  with  Shunt-­‐Res.,  Reference-­‐Current  with  Reference-­‐Resistor  
Current  Comparator  
High  Voltage  Input  -­‐  Current  Comparator  with  low  voltage  devices  
Acknowledgments  

Dr.  Heinz  ZiZa  

Infineon  Technologies  Austria  

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