BUILDING CODES

LECTURE# 9

LECTURER : SANA ALEEM

MSc Architecture and Environmental
Design
BSc Architecture Engineering
INTRODUCTION

Jill-Schroth dissertation
INTRODUCTION

Jill-Schroth dissertation
INTRODUCTION

Jill-Schroth dissertation
INTRODUCTION-URBAN GRID

Barcelona
INTRODUCTION - SLUMS

Slums of Brazil
INTRODUCTION- LAHORE

URBAN DENSIFICATION
IN LAHORE

Slums of Brazil
INTRODUCTION- LAHORE

URBAN DENSIFICATION
IN Walled City of Lahore
INTRODUCTION

Building codes specify minimum standards for the

construction of buildings. The codes themselves are
not legally binding. They serve, rather, as "models" for
legal jurisdictions to utilize when developing statutes
and regulations.
Purpose: The main purpose of building codes are to
protect public health, safety and general welfare as
they relate to the construction and occupancy of
buildings and structures.
The building code becomes law of a particular
jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate
governmental or private authority.
INTRODUCTION- PURPOSE

• Ensure public health and safety throughout a building.

• Most have come into play “after-the-fact” as a learning
experience from a major tragedy.
• They are primarily concerned with Construction
Requirements
• Hazardous materials or equipment used in the building
• 75% of all codes and standards deal with fire
• Energy conservation
• Accessibility
BUILDING CODES-DOCUMENTATION

• A building code is a document containing standardized

requirement for the design & construction of most types of
building.
• Codes regulate building construction & building use in order to
protect the health, safety & welfare of the occupant.
• Codes express all aspects of construction including structural
integrity, fire resistance, safe exists, lighting, electrical, energy
conservation, plumbing, sanitary facilities, ventilation, seismic
design & correct use of construction materials.
• Building codes classify standard by use & apply different
standards to each classification. For example, schools & office
buildings are in separate occupancy category with different
performance requirement.
BUILDING CODE- DOCUMENTATION

The codes includes various aspect for regulation on design & construction viz;

• For Planning Building/Development work

• For Structural Design

• For Constructional aspects

• For Building Services (HVAC, electrical, Acoustics, lifts etc.)

• Plumbing Services (Water supply, Sewerage, Drainage, waste management)

• Landscaping, signs and outdoor display structures

BUILDING CODE- DOCUMENTATION

The purpose of all these building codes is to ensure

public safety, health & welfare as affected by building
construction.
• This purpose includes:
• Structural strength
• Sanitary equipment
• Light & ventilation
• Fire safety
PEC BUILDING CODE

The Ministry of Housing & Works (MOHW) Government of Pakistan

(GoP) assigned the task of developing the Seismic Provisions to the
National Engineering Services Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited (NESPAK).
NESPAK submitted various drafts for scrutiny to an Experts
Committee formed by the MOHW.
NESPAK worked in close collaboration with International Code
Council (ICC), USA. The final draft was sent to the Pakistan
Engineering Council (PEC) for vetting. PEC formed a “Core Group” of
individuals drawn from across the country, representing various
stakeholders. It was this Core Group that held intimate deliberations
with experts from NESPAK and gave final shape to the document.
PEC BUILDING CODE

The Ministry of Housing and Works, Government of Pakistan,

acknowledges that it has the permission of the International Code
Council (ICC), American Concrete Institute (ACI), American Institute
of Steel Construction (AISC) and American Society for Civil Engineers
(ASCE) to transcribe and reproduce portions of their respective
documents, as listed hereunder, for the purpose of the Seismic
Provisions (2007).
PEC BUILDING CODE

On directives of Government of Pakistan, Pakistan Engineering

Council (PEC) has developed following codes and standards to
adopt, promote and introduce the modern technological
advancements in the country: -
1. Building Code of Pakistan (Seismic Provisions-2007)
2. Building Code of Pakistan (Energy Provisions-2011)
3. Pakistan Electric and Telecommunication Safety Code
(PETSAC-2014)
4. Building Code of Pakistan (Fire Safety Provisions-2016)
PEC BUILDING CODE - CONTENT
Content in PEC BUILDING CODE.
• Scope
• Seismic Hazard
• Site Considerations
• Soils and Foundations
• Structural Design Requirements
1. General Design Requirements
2. Snow Loads
3. Wind Design
4. Earthquake Design

• Structural Tests and Inspections

• Structural Concrete
• Structural Steel
1. Structural Steel Buildings
2. Composite Structural Steel and Reinforced Concrete Buildings
3. Masonry
4. Architectural Elements
5. Mechanical & Electrical Systems
PEC BUILDING CODE - CONTENT

Parties Mandated For Code Implementation And Enforcement:

The implementation and enforcement of this bye-law shall vest with

the Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) within their respective
jurisdictions and circles as follow:
(1) Building Control, Housing and Development Authorities

(2) District Administration

(3) Tehsil or Town Administration

(4) Municipal Administration

(5) Station Headquarters (Army, Air Force and Navy)

(6) Cantonment Administration

(7) Union Council Administration

(8) Autonomous Bodies

(9) Industrial Estates

(10) Directorates of Civil Defense

(11) Export Processing Zones

(12) Other Federal/Provincial Authorities as and when notified

BUILDING CODE OF PAKISTAN FIRE SAFETY PROVISIONS
2016
FIRE SAFETY - CONTENT

Every year a significant number of casualties and injuries

occur as a result of fire incidents in the country.
Unfortunately, about 70% deaths took placed in existing
buildings including housing, commercial and industrial units
only due to non-provisions of fire safety and fire protection
systems.
A large number of major fire incidents happened in big cities
during year 2015-16, wherein a significant number of people
perished by fire with massive loss of material and property
apart from creating environmental pollution.
FIRE SAFETY - CONTENT

The Government of Pakistan mandated National Disaster

Management Authority (NDMA) through Ministry of Climate
Change to mitigate and minimize major fire incidents in the
country.
For the purpose, PEC and NDMA signed an MoU for
development of Building Code of Pakistan (Fire Safety
Provisions-2016) on October 15, 2015.
PEC in collaboration and financial assistance extended by
NDMA initiated the development of Building Code of
Pakistan (Fire Safety Provisions-2016) which is benchmarked
with NFPA 1 Fire Code 2015, National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA).
FIRE SAFETY - APPLICATION

The Building Code of Pakistan-Fire Safety Provisions-2016

provide rules for fire prevention, life safety in relation to fire
and fire protection of building and structures as prescribed.
NOTE: Building Code of Pakistan-Fire Safety Provisions-2016
shall be adopted by the federal and provincial governments,
organizations, authorities, both public and private, as
notified.
FIRE SAFETY- APPLICATION
This Bye-law shall apply to both new and existing buildings.
1. Buildings permitted for construction after the adoption of
these provisions shall comply with the provisions stated
herein for new buildings forthwith.
2. Existing buildings constructed prior to adoption of these
provisions shall comply with the provisions stated herein as
soon as possible but not later than three years of notification
of these provisions; and
3. Minimum fire protection requirements such as provision of
fire alarm and detection system, fire extinguishers,
emergency response plans and fire drills shall however be in
place as soon as possible but not later than one year of
notification of these provisions.
PAKISTAN ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION SAFETY CODE
(PETSAC), 2014
ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION - CONTENT
CONTENT:
1. Introduction to the code
2. Administration and enforcements
3. Grounding methods for electrical supply and
telecommunication facilities
4. Safety rules for installation, operation and maintenance of
electrical supply substations and equipment
5. Safety rules for overhead lines
6. Safety rules for installation, operation and maintenance of
underground electrical supply and telecommunication lines.
7. Safety rules for telephone communication facilities
8. Safety rules for work environments
ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION - APPLICATION
1. The Provisions of Pakistan Electric and Telecommunication
Safety Code-2014 provide rules for safe practices in design,
installation, operation and maintenance of electric supply
and telecommunication systems that shall be adopted by
electrical power and telecommunication utilities, both public
and private. The PETSAC 2014 shall neither be considered as
a design document, nor an instruction manual, and shall not
preclude relevant design specifications and standards. This
Code shall be effective after six months of this notification.
2. All relevant regulators shall ensure compliance and
implementations of this Code.
3. All utility companies and other stakeholders, shall comply
with this Code by adopting or amending their relevant
byelaws or rules for implementation.
ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION - SCOPE
APPLICABLE TO :
i. The electric supply and telecommunication facilities, associated
works and practices employed by an electrical or
telecommunication utility, both public and private.
ii. Facilities and functions of Utilities on the line-side of the service
point, located on public or private property, in accordance with
legally established easements or right of way, or as authorized by
regulating or controlling body.
iii. Utility facilities installed, maintained and controlled by utility
companies on the surface of underground mine sites, including
overhead and underground distributions system providing service
upto buildings or outdoor equipment location on the line side of
the service point.
ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION - SCOPE
iv. The transmission and distribution of electricity and
telecommunications signals (voice, video and data) through
public and private utility systems that are installed and
maintained under the exclusive control of utilities or their
authorized representatives.
v. Street and area lights where these facilities are supplied by
underground or overhead conductors installed and/or maintained
under the exclusive control of utilities or their representatives.
vi. Working environment for people who are employed on the
aforementioned jobs
ELECTRIC AND TELECOMMUNICATION - SCOPE
NOT APPLICABLE TO:
i. Customer premises equipment and wiring, located beyond
utility-service points (meters) to buildings or outdoor installations.
ii. Industrial complex or utility interactive systems that are not
controlled by the utilities.
iii. Street and area lights not installed or maintained by utility.
iv. Underground mine wiring or installation in ships, railway rolling
equipment, aircraft, or automotive equipment.
LOCAL BYELAWS
BYELAWS-INTRODUCTION

The rules and regulations framed by local town

planners and architects , covering the
requirements of buildings, ensuring safety of
the inhabitants and public through open
spaces, minimum size of rooms required,
height and area limitations are known as
building bye laws. They assist in a disciplined
growth of the buildings.

OBJECTIVES :

OBJECTIVES:
BYELAWS-SCOPE

SCOPE :
BYELAWS-INTRODUCTION

• Built up area:
The area covered by the building above the plinth level
• Plinth area:
The area measured at the floor level of the basement
• Carpet area:
Net usable area ( area extruding the walls, service areas, columns,
stairways, circulation areas)
• Floor area
Usable area on each floor
• Set back
offset from the building line.
• Floor area ratio:
Total covered area of the building divided by the area of the plot.
DHA BYELAWS – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL

https://dhalahore.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DHA-
Construction-Development-Regulations-2014.pdf
DHA BYELAWS – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL

https://dhalahore.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DHA-
Construction-Development-Regulations-2014.pdf
DHA BYELAWS – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL

https://dhalahore.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DHA-
Construction-Development-Regulations-2014.pdf
DHA BYELAWS – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL

https://dhalahore.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DHA-
Construction-Development-Regulations-2014.pdf
DHA BYELAWS – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL

https://dhalahore.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/DHA-
Construction-Development-Regulations-2014.pdf
DHA BYELAWS – ASSIGNMENT

List down FOLLOWING

-The heights recommended by DHA Lahore for the commercial plazas and write your comments
for the reasons behind those restrictions.
-Construction of basements in residential project
-
The assignment must be turned in online on google classroom by Friday 27th ,2020 6:00 PM