MSE (Polwel) Nam Rev.01

DIPLOMA IN SECURITY MANAGEMENT
Manage Security Emergencies

(SE-SO-413E-0)
Project Assignment
Response Plan
COVER SHEET
CANDIDATE ASSESSOR
Name :
Noor sathiamoorthy
NRIC No : s6933605a
Date :
15/04/2016
Sign :
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTENTS Page
1. List of Abbreviations 2
2. Executive Summary 3
3. PART 1 - Emergency Response Team 4
4. PART 2 - Emergency Response Plan 15
5. PART 3 - Operations Report - Minor Emergencies 24
6. PART 4 - Operations Report - Major Emergencies 33
7. PART 5 - Post Emergency Procedural Plan 45
8. Annex 1 - Site Plan 54
9. Annex 2 - Shopping Complex and Hotel Layout 55
10. Annex 3 - Recommendations made for Site Layout Plan and 56
Floor Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall
11. Learner’s Declaration 57
Note of Trainees: The whole Project Assignment should be using font, Arial/Times
Roman, Font size (12), 1.5 spacing and no blank page. Have a separation for each
project assignment.
Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 1 | P a g e

List of Abbreviations
 AA Assembly Area
 AAR After Action Review
 BCA Building & Construction Authority
 DECAMS Decentralised Emergency Alarm System
 ERP Emergency Response Plan
 ERT Emergency Rescue Team
 FCC Fire and Command Centre
 FSM Fire Safety Manager
 FEP Fire Emergency Plan
 HSE Health, Safety and Environment
 IT Information Technology
 MOM Ministry of Manpower
 NEA National Environment Agency
 OCC Operations Command Centre
 PA Public Address
 SM Security Manager
 SMC Site Main Controller
 SIC Site Incident Controller
 SCDF Singapore Civil Defense Force
 SPF Singapore Police Force
 SP Singapore Power Services

Executive Summary (ES must be a summary and keep it to one page)
As the Security Manager of Romeo Shopping Mall, I am tasked to oversee and manage
the Fire Safety and Security function of the site. Three months ago, a fire broke out at
Star bright Shopping Mall. Therefore, my management has assigned me to formulate a
response plan to deal with minor and major emergencies pertaining to fire emergency
as they concerned about the emergency response in the event of a fire incident.
Romeo Shopping Mall is a 4 stores building and at 2500m2, it accommodates 14

tenants per level which adds up to 56 tenants occupying the shopping mall. Estimated
number of shoppers are 1500 per day and 3500 on weekends and public holidays.
There is also a carpark at the basement of the building. The shopping mall is armed
with fire alarms and sprinkler system which are monitored by DECAMS. My site is
classified by SCDF as a Public Building, which falls under the category of ‘Department
stores, supermarkets, emporiums, hotels (30 story & below) & high rise commercial
building (8-30 story)’. The site layout plan of the shopping mall is such that the shopping
complex main building faces open-air public car park which is about 150 meters away
from the shopping mall. There is a hard standing which is a paved area for parking
heavy vehicles beside the open-air carpark. There are thirteen clumps of bushes around
the building. This is to be taken note of because in an event of fire, these bushes could
be a fire hazard. A train station is located 200 meters from the mall.
There are two assembly areas in case of emergencies. One beside the open-air car
park and the other alternate assemble area is 100 meters away from the back of the
building. And there is one fire hydrant located outside the building beside the open-air
car park.
The individual floor plan level is such that there are two lifts, each located on opposite
sides. There are four call points, two each located beside each lift. There are 4 fire
extinguishers, one each located at the four corners of the floor.
With all these information, I have to formulate the Fire Response Plan which comprise
the following elements of ERT, ERP, Minor and Major Emergencies Operations Reports
and Post Emergency Procedural Plan to submit to my management.

PART 1
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
TEAM
(SE-SO-413E-0)
July 30, 2015
Prepared by: Noor Azhar Mohmud

INTRODUCTION
Project Assignment 1
It is essential to identify the key structure and personnel involved during an emergency
before the preparation of an Emergency Response Plan. The selected personnel have
to be familiar with their roles and responsibilities, and be well-trained for effective
execution of the plan. You are required to prepare the following:
1.1. Structure of Emergency Response Team

• Security
• Safety
• Operations Centre (Command)
• Response personnel
1.2. Key personnel of Emergency Response Team
 Chairman
 Team Leader
 Security
 Fire & safety
 Human resources
 Public relations / communications
 Environmental, Health & Safety
 Operations
 Legal
 Finance
 IT
1.3. Roles and Responsibilities of Team members
1.4. Procedures for Emergency Response Plan
1.5. Training required for Emergency Response Team

1.1. Structure of Emergency Response Team
Chart 1. Structure of Emergency Response Team- Rome Shopping Mall

1.2. Key personnel of Emergency Response Team
Chart 2. Key personnel of Emergency Response Team- Rome Shopping Mall
1.3. Roles and Responsibilities of Team members
Table 1. Details of ERT’s Key Personnel Contact No.
Key Personnel Function Headcoun During After

t office hours officer
hours
SMC
Chairman Make decision during 1 61234501 91234501
crisis
Assistant Alternate SMC 1 61234502 91234502
Chairman

SIC
Security Manager Coordinate ERT 1 61234503 91234503
Assistant Security Alternate SIC 1 61234504 91234504
Manager
Support
HR Manager Matters relating to 1 61234505 91234505
employees
Public Relations Matters to relating to 1 61234506 91234506
manger communications
IT Manager Matters relating to IT 1 61234507 91234507
Finance Manager Matters relating to 1 61234508 91234508
financial matters
Legal Consultant Matters relating to 1 61234509 91234509
legal matters
Safety
Fire Safety Matters relating to 1 61234510 91234510
Manager evacuation.
OCC
Coordinator Matters relating to 1 61234511 91234511
Operations Control
Centre
Response
In Charge: Fire Matters relating to 4 61234512 91234512
Fighter response to fire 91239113
outbreak 45014514
91234515
In Charge: First Aid Matters relating to first 4 61234513 91234516

aid 91239117
45014518
91234519
Security
Security Executive Matters relating to 5 61234514 91234520
security 91239121
45014522
91234523
Authorities
SCDF Fire & Ambulance 995
SPF Law & Order 999

Private Ambulance Non Critical Injury 1777
NEA Environment Issue 1800-2255
632
BCA Building 6334 2580
MOM Manpower, Health & 6438 5122
Safety
SP Services Gas & Electrical 1800-752
1800
Table 2. Roles and Responsible of ERT’s Key Personnel
Key Personnel Roles and Responsibilities
SMC Chairman will make decision during a crisis. An example would

be the decision to approve the evacuation of tenants, shoppers,
employees and others from the shopping mall in an event of fire.
SIC Security Manager coordinate the team efforts to stabilize the

situation in the event of a fire in the shopping mall and updates
the SMC of ongoing efforts and the current situation.
Human Resource Look into the state of welfare for affected employees. They are
personnel responsible for facilitation of post trauma counselling for
employees whom are affected by the outbreak of the fire and to
look into areas of compensation according to MOM rules for
injured employees, medical leaves etc.
Relations/ Main point of contact to communicate with the news press and
Communications public to regards to the fire incident. All queries should directed
personnel to them. They are responsible for communication matters while
safe guarding the professionalism, image and interests of the
shopping mall and the stakeholders such as the tenants,
management and employees.
Legal personnel Interest of legal aspects and offer legal advice to the
management when the situation calls for. They are responsible
for legal matters. For example, if the tenants or shoppers decide
to submit a case with the court system to regards to
compensation, the legal personnel would advise the
Management.
Finance personnel Look into matters of revenue, other forms of financial loss and
matters of the shopping mall’s insurance claim. They are
responsible for balancing financial sheets which means to
calculate the assets and losses and study the need to borrow to
ensure continuity of business which will also instill confidence in

shareholders.
IT personnel Ensure the speedy recovery of the IT systems so that it works as

efficiently as it used to before the outbreak of the fire in the
shopping mall. They are responsible for recovery of data which
could comprise valuable information such as tender details,
employee details, software systems etc.
Safety personnel Facilitate a smooth evacuation with minimum loss of lives and
property damage in an event of fire in the shopping mall. They
are responsible for guiding all to the nearest emergency escape
routes, to ensure that no one is left behind and to account for all.
They would need to formulate a search if anyone is reported
missing. Their duties also entails of inspecting the shopping mall
to note for fire safety lapses such as the improper storage of
dangerous chemicals, obstruction to emergency escape routes,
faulty exit lights etc.
Security personnel Secure and protect the shopping mall and assist authorities.
They are responsible for safeguarding assets, prevention of
looting through the means of cordoning the fire scene, directing
the authorities to the fire scene and conduct crowd and traffic
control.
Coordinators OCC is to coordinate the efforts with various stakeholders and to

obtain the up-to-date information from them. Phone operators
would coexist with them to answer queries which could be for
example, worried family members calling to find out the
wellbeing of their loved ones trapped in the fire. They are
responsible for raising the fire alarm, announce the outbreak of
fire and evacuation through the PA System, ensure that the
relevant authorities such as the SCDF and SPF are notified in
the event of fire, casualties are reported and collate all
information that will assist the ERT and authorities in their next
step of action.
Fire Fighters Minimize the outbreak of a major fire in the shopping mall. They
are responsible for having the knowledge to don firefighting
suits, operate equipment such as the fire extinguisher, ability to
extinguish a minor fire and to contain a fire to their best ability
before the arrival of SCDF officers.
First Aiders Provide first aid for those in need. First Aiders are responsible
for attending to minor injuries such as minor burns.

1.4. Procedures for Emergency Response Plan
Chart 3. Fire Emergency Plan Flowchart for Romeo Shopping Mall

Table 3. Procedure of Fire Emergency Plan
 Fire Alarm Activate When a fire is sighted, the person witnessing it should raise
the alarm by activating the nearest fire alarm “Break Glass”
call point. This is to ensure that the Operation Command
Centre (OCC) and the people in the shopping mall are
aware that there is an outbreak of fire.
 Isolate and Silence Upon hearing the alarm, the personnel in the OCC will
 Identify Zone proceed to isolate and silence the fire alarm within a time
 Send a security period of one minute. They will then refer to the main alarm
officer to the fire panel which will indicate the floor on which the alarm has
scene. been activated. They will also refer to the floor sub panel
which will indicate the floor zone at which the alarm has
been activated. They would send a security officer to the fire
scene.
 Contact DECAMS After which, they will inform DECAMS that the fire alarm has
 Make been activated and the situation will be investigated. Then
Announcement they will make SCDF Standard Announcement Text 1
Text 1 through the PA System twice. By then, the OCC personnel
 Investigate Cause would have dispatched the Security Officer to the fire scene.
If it is a false alarm which means there is no outbreak of fire,
OCC personnel should inform DECAMS everything is OK
and make SCDF Standard Announcement Text 4 through
the PA system twice “ False Alarm and Business as Normal”
 Activate ERT If a fire is sighted at the scene, the security officer should
 Attempt to kill fire alert OCC who will then notify the key personnel to contact
in the event of fire and also activate the ERT. The response
personnel from the ERT will attempt to extinguish the fire by
operating the fire extinguishers. They will by all means
prevent the escalation of a minor or major fire emergency.
 Raise Alarm if fire is If they are not able to contain the fire, they will inform the
uncontrollable OCC personnel who will raise the fire alarm and inform the
 Contact SCDF SCDF.
 Execute ERP-FEP Immediately after which, they will execute the Fire
 Make Emergency Plan (FEP) which is part of the ERP and make
Announcement SCDF Standard Announcement Text 2 “Fire and Evacuation
Text 2 Required” through the PA System twice for evacuation
purposes. It should be noted that evacuation should only be
executed after the SIC have obtained the permission from
the SMC (Chairman). During evacuation, the fire wardens

should station themselves at selective locations to guide all
to the nearest emergency escape exits.
 Evacuate to AA Kindly note that the assemble area is the open space beside
the Open air Public Carpark. There is an alternative
assembly area 100 meters away from the shopping mall. If
the fire spreads to the bushes around the shopping mall and
gets out of control, the alternative assembly area would be
the next option. Refer to Annex A.
At the assembly area, the fire wardens should do a

headcount to ensure that no one is left behind and to
account for all. They would need to formulate a search if
anyone is reported missing.
During this period, when authorities such as the SCDF and

SPF personnel and the ambulance services arrive to the fire
scene, the security officers need to ensure that the pathway
leading to the fire scene is not obstructed and that they are
directed to the fire scene. The SIC should update them on
the actions taken, current situation, the number of
causalities, location of causalities, the number of missing
people and other relevant information.
 Documentation of At end of the fire emergency, an incident report should be

Incident Report and documented and After Action Review (AAR) done for future
AAR references such as on how to minimize incidents of fire in
future.
In order to test out the procedures of FEP, it will be useful to

have silent hour’s drills which means night drills with the
authorities and ERT. That will be helpful to improve the
procedures if need to be.
1.5. Training required for Emergency Response Team
Table 4 Training required for ERT
Practising fire Training is required for ERT personnel so that they are
emergency drills prepared at all times and operationally ready in an event of a
fire for shoppers, tenants and staff in the Romeo shopping
mall.
Ensuring ERT and ERT personnel and relevant employees need to attend basic
relevant employees first aid course and firefighting training. This is important as

attend basic first aid such trainings would save lives and minimise the damage in
training the event of a fire.
Practising Fire emergency drills should be conducted at least twice a

evacuation year. All members of the ERT should take part in the drills, to
procedures and adhere to the highest standards of their roles. Tenants and
location of assembly other occupants of the building such as the cleaning service
area- personnel should be encouraged to participate. Those with
medical conditions and pregnant women may be exempted.
Special arrangements should be made to cater for disabled
people to be brought to assembly area. A record of such
people should be maintained so that it will be easy to identify
and rescue them in an event of fire.
Conducting table top There should be yearly table top exercises whereby key
exercise personnel such as the SIC, FSM, SM and others should
attend. It will be a good platform for them to share their
observations, concerns and implement further measures.
Practising During fire emergency drills, one of the main areas of focus
evacuation should be the evacuation procedures and location of assembly
procedures and area. It is important that all are aware and adhere to the
location of assembly procedures to minimise confusion and disruption of evacuation
area efforts.
Conduct fire safety Annual fire safety courses by SCDF should be implemented so
talks that all are aware of the dangers of fire, on how to identify
causes and prevent the outbreak of fire and other relevant
aspects of fire safety.
Awareness of the This is critical. To state an example, if a person knows the

location of vital exact location of the “Break Glass” call point and fire
firefighting extinguisher in an event of fire, he or she would be able to take
equipment and fire quick action to alert others and attempt to put out the fire.
alarm systems
Practising Annual joint exercises with authorities such as the SCDF,

coordination with MOM and SPF will be needed. It will help to further enhance
authorities the coordination efforts and take note of the areas of
improvement. Therefore, in the event of fire, coordination with
authorities would be swift and efficient due to previous joint
exercises

PART 2
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PLAN
(SE-SO-413E-0)
July 30, 2015

INTRODUCTION
The Emergency Response Plan must include key steps and procedures on dealing with
minor and major emergencies. The management has requested that you commence on
a segment of the Emergency Response Plan by preparing a Fire Emergency Plan
(FEP). Your plan should include the following:
2.1. Purpose of the Plan
2.2. Key Areas to address and importance of the plan
2.3. Familiarisation of Plan
2.4. Classification of Emergencies – Minor and Major (characteristics and examples)
2.5. Authorities involved in Major Emergencies
2.6. Legal boundaries and Authorities of the Security Manager

2.1. Purpose of the Plan
Table 5. Purpose of the Plan
Purpose of the Plan In the event of an outbreak of fire, there is possible loss of
lives and property, people would be panic stricken and in a
state of confusion in the Romeo shopping in event of fire.
Therefore, the purpose of a FEP is to ensure the safety of
human lives, to establish a systematic and orderly evacuation
plan. On top of it, prompt raising of the fire alarm and
stationing of fire wardens, first aiders as well as coordinating
the firefighting efforts which would minimise such mishaps.
2.2. Key Areas to address and importance of the plan
There a number of keys areas which I have explained below, to address in a FEP and
to acknowledge the importance of the plan. This flow of information is of critical
importance so that essential areas are analysed, lapses identified and improvements
implemented and that the importance of the plan in not underrated.
Table 6. Key Areas to address and importance of the plan
Importance of Fire The importance of a FEP addresses a few critical areas.

Emergency Plan Foremost, it helps to tackle initial fires with appropriate fire-
fighting equipment. If that is executed efficiently, it prevents a
minor emergency from escalating into a major emergency and
prevents the damage to property, loss of lives and business.
Protecting life, Value and importance to human life is of paramount

health and safety of importance in a situation of a fire emergency. People could be
employees, trapped in a fire situation, in need of first aid due to minor
shoppers and burns or the shopping mall could be prone to collapse.
visitors Therefore, an important key area would be to protect the life,
health and safety of employees, shoppers, tenants, visitors
and others.
Reporting Authorities such as SCDF and SPF would need information on

procedures to the actions taken and other relevant information so that they
authorities involved will have a clear picture when planning their own scopes of
responsibilities in a fire emergency. Therefore, an important
key area is to ensure that reporting procedures to the
authorities are carried out.
Protecting vital In an event of fire, it is critical to protect assets such as

assets of an company confidential documents. This is to ensure that the

organisation shopping mall’s losses are minimised and that it is able to
operate as soon as possible after the recovery of the fire
emergency. Therefore, an important key area is to protect the
vital assets of an organisation.
Communicating ERT members and other relevant employees would need to

strategies and communicate and coordinate efforts in the event of a fire. Their
coordinating sense of urgency, timely communication and coordinating
channels to efforts would be helpful. Therefore, an important key area is to
employees, e.g. with ensure that communication and coordinating efforts are not
fire wardens and impeded.
crowd controllers
Ensuring security of An uncontrolled situation could lead to chaos, lootings and acts
premises such as of arsons. Therefore, it is important to deploy security officers
access control of located at an important key area is to ensure the security of
security zones, premises such as access control of security zones and to
cordoning off cordon affected areas.
affected areas and
preventing looting
during evacuation
Crowd Control It is to avoid panic of tenants, shoppers, visitors and staff and
ensures a safe and orderly evacuation. Panic leads to
confusion and chaos which will impede the rescue efforts and
create further loss of property and lives.
Quick Response Last but not least, The other critical area is to execute timely
protection of the property if it is impossible to contain the fire. It
is vital that material losses are minimised so that the
organisation does not suffer heavy losses. One additional
critical area is to provide vital information and assistance to
authorities such as the SCDF and SPF. Timely and relevant
information leads to non-duplication of efforts and efficient
rescue efforts.
2.3. Familiarisation of Plan
It is important to familiarise with the FEP ensuring that it covers all aspects of the
emergency plan. There a number of keys areas which I have explained below, which
are important to be familiarised with. This knowledge enables the ERT to act
accordingly and efficiently in an event of outbreak of fire.
Table 7. Familiarisation of Plan

Differing levels of There is a different set of responses to deal with both minor
response which and major fire emergencies. Therefore, it is important to
include the steps to determine and categorise the type of emergency so that
deal with minor and appropriate actions can be taken to deal with them. For
major emergencies example, if a minor fire occurs in the Romeo shopping mall,
the response personnel from the ERT will attempt to extinguish
the fire by operating the fire extinguishers and by all means
prevent the escalation of a major fire emergency. However, if a
major fire occurs, the OOC personnel would need to raise the
fire alarm by breaking the call point, inform the SCDF and
execution of the evacuation procedure is essential.
Emergency It is important to determine the mode of communication so that

communication the ERT and all relevant staff would act efficiently when they
mode and strategy receive the message. For example, if there is an outbreak of
such as use of fire during New Year, then it would be difficult to send
phone, internet, messages via hand phone as the system would be in a state of
website congestion. At that critical moment, communicating the ERT
via the landline would be the most appropriate action.
Formulation of Fire All updated contact details of the Fire Emergency Contact list
Emergency contact should be readily available so that they can contacted promptly
list and efficiently when there is an outbreak of fire. The contact
personnel would be the SMC, SIC, Safety, Security, OOC,
Respond and other relevant departments such as the Lift
Services, Human Resource, Public Relations, Finance, IT and
Legal.
All information This information is critical so that the rightful authorities can be
required to manage contacted promptly and proper actions can be executed swiftly.
an emergency for The contact personnel from the Fire Emergency contact list
the authorities and other relevant authorities such as the SCDF, Police, and
including internal SP Services should be easily available at the FCC and OCC.
and external First aid equipment such as the breathing masks, stretchers
contacts and first aid boxes should also be readily available. Other than
these, communication equipment such as PA system,
loudhailer and signage should be prepared.
2.4. Classification of Emergencies – Minor and Major (characteristics and

examples)
Minor Emergency
Minor emergencies do not involve authorities and is business as usual operations. The
characteristics are no business losses to company; minimal impact on others; no

fatalities; no evacuation required; confined to a single location; the public not alerted. I
will give four examples of minor emergencies.
Minor Fire: In such a scenario in Romeo shopping mall, the ERT personnel such as the
firefighters and first aiders would proceed immediately to the fire scene. The firefighters
would operate the fire extinguisher to put off the fire and the first aiders would provide
first aid to those in need. As a result, this is a minor emergency because the fire has
been extinguished, no fatalities involved and business of the Romeo shopping mall
continues as usual.
Table 8. Minor Emergencies
Car park barrier In such a scenario, the managing agent should be notified to
breakdown rectify the barrier. While the maintenance work is being done,
a security officer should be stationed at the location to regulate
traffic when vehicles are entering and exiting the carpark.
Faulty fire In such a scenario, the maintenance should be notified to

emergency doors rectify the door. While the maintenance work is being done, a
security officer should be stationed at the location to direct
people towards other fire emergency doors, if there is an
outbreak of fire.
Fire alarm faulty In such a scenario, DECAMS should be notified to attend to

the faulty alarm. While the maintenance work is being done,
the alarm should be isolated and there should be an increase
in security patrols to look out for unauthorised personnel,
hazardous materials and obstruction of emergency fire exits.
Major Emergency
Major emergencies involve authorities and impact business such in a way that it will
cause day to day operations to come to a standstill. The characteristics are business
losses to company; business disruptions; result in fatalities; require evacuation and
extensive cordoning; multiple locations being affected; causes others to be alarmed and
media interest; public must be alerted and local authorities. I will give four examples of
major emergencies.
Table 9. Major Emergencies
Major traffic In such a scenario, SCDF and SPF have to be notified. The
accident area should be cordoned, security officers be stationed at the
location to redirect traffic and direct crowd control activities
such as redirecting people from the accident scene to avoid

huge formations of crowd which would be an obstruction for
the authorities.
HAZMAT spills In such a scenario, all have to be alerted and evacuated.
Coordinated efforts with the authorities such as SCDF, SPF,
Pollution Control Department of NEA and others such as the
ambulance services are needed.
Big fire In such a scenario, all have to be alerted and evacuated.

Rescue efforts should be on going. Coordinated efforts with
the authorities such as SCDF, SPF and others such as the
ambulance services are needed. As a result, business of the
shopping mall comes to a standstill.
Tremors, In such a scenario, all have to be alerted and instructed to take

earthquakes cover under a desk, table or against interior walls. After the
affecting building tremor, all have to be evacuated immediately. Coordinated
structures efforts with the authorities such as SCDF, SPF, BCA and
others such as the ambulance services are needed.
2.5. Authorities involved in Major Emergencies
Table 10. The authorities involved in a major fire emergency
National Responsible for environmental concerns such as careless

Environment disposal of lighted cigarettes which could cause outbreaks of
Authority (NEA) fire
Ministry of Regulates the safety, health and welfare of persons in

Manpower (MOM) workplace who are affected by the fire.
Singapore Civil Provides fire-fighting, rescue and emergency ambulance

Defense Force services at the fire scene. Authorized to upkeep fire safety
(SCDF) such as no obstruction of fire-fighting equipment in Romeo
shopping mall and investigate any fire accidents.
Singapore Police Authorized to upkeep law and order such as to prevent looting
Force (SPF) of the shopping mall, tempering of forensic evidence at the fire
scene and conduct investigations.
Singapore Power Provides supply of electrical and gases to the community.

(SP)
2.6. Legal boundaries and Authorities of the Security Manager

As a SM managing the fire emergency situations, he or she needs to be mindful of the
legal boundaries and authorities apart of SPF and ensure compliance of the regulations
and guidelines. It includes the following:
Table 11. Legal boundaries and Authorities of the Security Manager
Legal Boundaries of SM
Ascertain He or she needs to comply with regulatory guidelines which

compliance of are implemented and governed by authorities. For example, all
regulatory employees are covered under the ‘Workplace Safety and
guidelines Health Act (WSHA)’ which relates to the safety, health and
welfare of persons at work in workplaces. Therefore, in an
event of fire, the SM would need to comply with the WHSA and
conduct an evacuation if the employees are in danger. And
under the ‘Fire Safety Act (FSA)’, the SM would need to
comply with the FSA and announce the outbreak of fire and
evacuation. Non-compliance would lead to legal implications.
If legal boundaries not complied shall cause the occupier to be
fined or imprisonment under the Act.
Authorization to Section 66 of the Criminal Procedure Code allows civilians

carry out search and (ordinary citizens who are not police officers) to arrest the
warranting an arrest criminal, but only if the offender has, in the civilian’s
view, committed an arrest able offence. The civilian must,
without unnecessary delay, then hand over the arrested
person to a police officer or take him to a police station.
Therefore, if the SM believes beyond reasonable doubt that an
individual is guilty of arson, he or she has the authorization to
search and arrest the offender till the arrival of the police.
However, if it is female suspect, then it should be a female
employee handling the suspect.
Ascertain if there The SM has to assess the safety and security breaches within
are any safety or the shopping mall in the event of a fire. For example, the SM
security breaches has the legal right to prevent the press personal from entering
within the premises the fire scene.
Authorities of SM
The investigative The SM has the authority to investigate the cause of the fire
powers to carry out and interview others pertaining to the fire incident to gather
investigations and evidence. He is authorized to preserve the fire scene so that
preserve scene of the authorities can carry out their investigations.
emergency

Legal rights to evict The SM has the authority to evict members of the public from
public from the shopping mall in an event of fire. This is done to save lives
premises and to facilitate the rescue efforts.
Legal rights to The SM has the authority to prevent others from entering
prevent restricted areas except for authorized personnel. For example,
unauthorized entry he or she can bar an individual’s entry to a fire scene or an
to restricted areas office which is stored with sensitive company documents.
Constraints of SM
Lack of Lack of supports during the emergency top executives are not
management to be found or contactable when being called upon. This shall
be raised by security manager during the meeting and submit
an incident response so that shall be improved and gaps
closed by management.
To conclude, understanding the legal boundaries and authorities allows a SM to

execute his duties effectively and minimize the chances of civil liabilities.

PART 3
OPERATIONS REPORT-
MINOR EMERGENCIES
(SE-SO-413E-0)
July 30, 2015

INTRODUCTION
After the completion of the structure and key components of the Fire Emergency Plan,
you have been specifically instructed by the management to look into the detailed steps
of dealing with Minor Emergencies. Using the possible scenario of the outbreak of a
small fire, prepare an Operations Report highlighting the roles and responsibilities of a
Security Manager and the required steps on dealing with the minor emergency of fire at
your site.
The proposed steps are as follows:
3.1. Assess severity of emergency to determine if it will escalate into a major

emergency
3.2. Respond to minor emergency situations
3.3. Supervise security team in managing emergency
3.4. Investigate cause of emergency
3.5. Recommend preventive measures to prevent recurrence (Deliberate, Accidental
and Natural risks)
3.6. Preparation of incident report

3.1. Assess severity of emergency to determine if it will escalate into a major
emergency
In the event of an outbreak of fire, it is critical to determine if it will escalate into a major
emergency. The reason being so that the appropriate set of actions can be taken to
counter the emergency, I have highlighted a number of factors which should be used as
a yardstick.
Table 11. Assess severity of emergency to determine if it will escalate into a major
emergency
Determine the It is important to assess the magnitude of the fire in the

magnitude of fire shopping mall. In simple terms, it means to note how big the
fire, If it is a small fire, then an individual or a small group of
personnel is enough to put out the fire. If the fire is big, then
SCDF should be alerted to put out the fire.
Assess injury of the Minor can be treated with first aid by first aider while major
victim(s) if any need medical attention by doctors and required to call an
ambulance,
Determine if the Once the magnitude of fire is established either minor or major,
emergency is then it will provide the clarity to classify it as minor or major
classified as minor and the appropriate actions can be executed.
or major
Assess the Minor can be controlled by ERT example prevention of any

possibility of the fire possibility of resignation of minor or major fire after the SCDF
reigniting clears the fire incident area. ERT should re inspect the area
regularly to ensure all is clear.
Determine the Another factor which contributes to classify the severity of the
possibility of putting fire, would be to assess whether the fire can be extinguished
out the fire and the by the ERT personnel and whether they are skillfully equipped
ability of existing to extinguish it.
personnel to put out
the fire
Determine if It is a known factor that surrounding hazards and burning

surrounding hazards materials can act as combustible materials in an event of fire.
and burning That could lead to a major fire. Therefore, it is important to
materials can be assess whether they can be removed or isolated.
removed or can be
isolated
Determine if there If there are casualties to rescue and to provide first aid or

are causalities to further medical assistance then it is a sign that it is a major
rescue emergency because it involves human lives.
Determine wind It is good to ascertain the direction of the wind and escape
direction and routes. If the wind direction is towards escape route A and the
possible escape fire is fast spreading towards there, then alternative escape
routes route B should be utilized to facilitate evacuation. It also points
out that evacuation will be difficult as there are lesser escape
routes.
Determine speed of The rate which the fire spreads is another critical factor. If it
fire spreading does not spread fast and can be contained within a small area,
putting it out with minimum effort would be an achievable aim.
3.2. Respond to minor emergency situations
Table 13. Respond to minor emergency situations
Attempt to One other respond would be to extinguish the fire with the
extinguish any available fire-fighting equipment such as the fire extinguisher
incipient fire with the and the fire hose without taking personnel risk. It means to
available firefighting have the knowledge to operate the equipment and ensure of
equipment without one’s safety such as to make sure that the person’s back is
taking personal risk facing an exit so that he or she is able to escape through the
exit door if the fire is unable to be contained. Check the air
flows prior to extinguish so smoke will not coming towards the
face of rescuer.
Raise the alarm by Immediate activation of the nearest fire alarm “break-glass” call
activating the point is critical. The reason being so that people within the
nearest fire alarm Romeo shopping mall and OCC would be aware. Furthermore,
“break glass” call OCC will be able to take the appropriate actions to deal with
point the fire emergency.
Alert people in the In event of a minor outbreak of fire, the people nearby need to
vicinity for be alerted for assistance in the Romeo shopping mall. It is so
assistance because they will be a source of assistance. For example, they
could alert others from entering the fire zone and look out for
people who would need support to leave the fire zone such as
the elderly and children.
3.3. Supervise security team in managing emergency

In an event of fire, the security team need to be directed and communicated with clear
instructions to deal with the emergency. They also need to be supervised during the
situation.
Table 14. Supervise security team in managing emergency
Deploying Supervision to ensure that the security team deploys officers at

manpower to the the fire scene. This to prevent criminal activities such as theft
scene to prevent and arson which would cause further damage to property and
criminal activities lives. Support manpower for safety masks for evacuate,
during the chaos wheelchair for handicapped persons and first aider for injured
and condone area to prevent manipulating the forensic
evidence.
Cordoning off the Supervision of the security team to cordon off the fire zone
shopping mall to immediately. This is to prevent bystanders from straying into
prevent bystanders the danger area. If they stray into the fire zone that will impede
to stray into danger rescue efforts and they will also cause danger to their own
area lives. One other reason is also to prevent looting.
Conducting crowd Supervision of the security team to conduct crowd control to

control to maintain maintain order and prevent overcrowding and hindrance of
order and prevent core activities. This could cause stampede. If this is not
overcrowding and executed, that will lead to chaos such as people entering the
hindrance of core fire zone to rescue their valuables which would cause danger
activities to their lives and authorities encountering difficulties to reach
the fire scene because pathways are obstructed.
Alerting colleagues Supervision to ensure that the security team contact other
and seeking relevant colleagues so that the situation can be contained. For
assistance to example, fire wardens must be contacted to standby at exit
contain the situation points to guide evacuation, look out for missing people and
remove hazardous material.
3.4. Investigate cause of emergency
In an outbreak of fire, it is important to investigate the cause of the fire, aftermath the
emergency. This is done to establish the cause of fire so that appropriate measures can
be implemented to minimize the recurrence of the incident. It is also important for other
purposes such as claim of insurance and providing information to the authorities.
Therefore, a number of measures are taken to investigate cause.
Table 15. Investigate cause of emergency

Reviewing CCTVs One is to review the CCTVs on footage of incidents leading to
on footage of the fire emergency which will be most critical. That would lead
incidents leading to to evidences on whether unauthorized personnel entered the
the emergency: premises and what they were carrying at the point of entry
which could be inflammable materials such as kerosene
containers. The corner or blind spot which CCTV can help to
pick up.
Interviewing The other is to interview witnesses to establish the cause of

witnesses or fire. For example, if a witness mentioned that he or she saw a
potential witnesses person prior to the fire, loitering at the area of fire suspiciously
to establish causes or running of immediately from the fire scene with inflammable
of incidents materials, then these points would need to be taken note of.
Taking reference One is to take reference from the security supervisor’s report.
from Security A supervisor’s report provides much information for it also
Supervisor’s entails interviews from security officers or other personnel to
Incident Report regards to the fire. It also entails other useful information such
as time and location of the outbreak of fire. Therefore, it is
useful to scrutinize the report for further information.
3.5. Recommend preventive measures to prevent recurrence (Deliberate,

Accidental and Natural risks)
Preventive measures fall into three categories. It means to establish the nature of the
course of fire and take preventive measures to prevent recurrence. I will explain the
following categories in terms of a fire incident.
Table 16. Recommend preventive measures to prevent recurrence (Deliberate,

Accidental and Natural risks)
Deliberate If the fire is caused by deliberate intention to cause damage to

lives and property, it is call deliberate threats.
For example, it could be acts of arson (elaborate), terrorism or

mischief. In such a situation, preventive measures should be
implemented. These measures are to tighten and stringent
access control to secluded or danger zones such as ‘fire
hazard storage place’’, deploy more security officers to
enhance presence of security so that it will deter people from
such acts, increase coverage of CCTV on critical areas so that
suspicious people can be spotted on time and prevented from
more deployment of security officers such acts, introduce
clocking points and increase patrols at key areas and to

ensure heat detectors and sprinkler systems are functional
which ensures that the fire is located in the initial stage and be
extinguished.
Accidental: If the fire is caused by accidents such as the improper disposal

of lighted cigarettes, it is called Accidental threats.
In such a situation there are a few preventive measure, These

measures are to increase signage for compliance such as
displays of ‘No Smoking’ signs, conduct fire safety awareness
seminars, increase patrol of security officers for compliance
matter which is to inform others not to smoke in non-
designated areas, introduce proper and designated areas for
smoking and to remove all fire hazards such as cardboards or
waste paper from smoking areas. Security audit yearly
Natural If the fire is caused by incidents such as lightning strike, it is

called Natural threats.
In such a situation, there are measures to be implemented. For

examples, they are to install lighting arrestors and conductors,
increase safety rubberised fixtures at the premises, remove all
fire hazards near smoking areas, increase sheltered area to
minimise risks and install more firefighting equipment and
systems.
3.6. Preparation of incident report
An incident report is a complete and accurate report which states the flow of events in a
fire emergency. It is crucial for it serves several purposes such as evidence produced in
the court system, investigative purposes, review of how the fire emergency was handled
and prevention measures of future fire emergencies. Therefore, an incident report
should contain the following element which I have stated below.
Table 17. Preparation of incident report
What is the nature In this case, the nature is fire and classification means whether
and classification of it is a minor or major fire emergency.
the emergency?
When did the Date and Time of the fire. Once such details are confirmed,
incident start? monitoring of the CCTV footages can be narrowed and
interviewing of witnesses will be efficient.
Where was the Location of the fire should be established so that extra

location of the precaution can be taken in the future to prevent fires in the
incident? same or similar locations.
Are there any If there are, then appropriate follow up actions could be taken
victims or causalities by the management such as compensation, further medical
from the incident? treatment, etc. If the injured by public may sue the shopping
mall while employee will be compensated/
Why and How did Need to establish whether the fire started because of
the incident start? deliberate, accidental or natural threats so that to implement
preventive measures and to report to the authorities.
How was the This information is crucial so that incidents of lapse of actions
incident handled? could be promptly identified and avoided in future fire
emergencies. That’s means if poorly handled we can identified
and improving.
How can the With collation of valid information, it will be beneficial to

incident be conduct table top exercise with various stakeholders to discuss
prevented in future? future fire preventions. Such information should also be
documented in the incident report.
Table 18. Sample of incident report
Rome Shopping Mall
Date and time of interview:

Wednesday 01 July 2015 1400hr
Name and contact details of person:

Noor Azhar Mohmud and H: 97997740/ E: nam1973@gmail.com
Relation to Romeo Shopping Mall (Employee, tenant etc.):

Tenant
Date and time of the outbreak of fire:

Thursday 25 June 2015 1400hr
Where did the fire started?

Romeo Shopping Mall 1st Level Staircase C
Status of fire when you witnessed it (Minor or Major):

Minor. Cartoon of paper boxes caught fire due to lighted citrate butts
Any damage to property or lives at the point of witnessing:

Black burnt wall to be cleaned and painted.
Your involvement at the fire scene (for example; attempt to break the call point or
extinguish the fire, rescue efforts etc.):
Call OCC and inform nearby security officer
Any other people at the fire scene and if there were, who were they and what they
were doing:
Some guys just walked away.
How can the incident be prevented in future?

No collection of cartoon boxes to be placed in staircase and predesignated to proper
storage area.
No smoking in staircase and provide designated smoking area. “No Smoking” signs
shall be placed in the prone areas.
Any other information:

Nil.

PART 4
OPERATIONS REPORT-
MAJOR EMERGENCIES
(SE-SO-413E-0)
July 30, 2015

The management has instructed you to do likewise for managing Major Emergencies.
Using the possible scenario of a major fire, prepare an Operations Report highlighting
the roles and responsibilities of a Security Manager and the required steps on dealing
with the major emergency of fire at your site. The proposed steps are as follows:
4.1. Respond to major emergency situations

4.2. Activate Emergency Response Team and Emergency Response plan
4.3. Emergency Contact List
4.4. Roles and responsibilities of Emergency Response Team (during fire emergency)
• Operations Command Centre
• Coordinator
• Fire Warden
• Fire Fighting Team
• Security Personnel
4.5. Dealing with injuries and casualties
4.6. Coordinating with the Authorities
4.7. Rescue effort procedures
4.8. Emergency Management Techniques

4.1. Respond to major emergency situations
When a minor fire emergency escalates into a major fire emergency, immediate and
appropriate respond actions are needed to ensure safety of human lives, minimum
damage to property, and elimination of fire threat and stabilising of situation. The
actions are as follows:
Table 19. Respond to major emergency situations
Alerting employees Immediate notification to all members in the shopping mall

of the organisation through the activation of the fire alarm or PA System is critical.
of the emergency That will ensure that they are aware of the outbreak of fire and
and members of the also will cooperate with evacuation procedures.
public through the
alarm or PA system
Preparing for All personnel from the shopping mall would need to be
evacuating evacuated from the premises in an orderly and efficient
employees and manner to the assembly area. Therefore, fire wardens must be
members of the stationed at all the emergency escape exits to guide evacuees.
public from the It needs to be announced through the PA System to inform all
building and to proceed to the nearest exits, evacuate in a calm and orderly
premises to the manner, to reassure them that fire wardens are there to guide
Assembly Area them and that measures are taken to extinguish the fire.
Deploying security Security personnel or officers would need to cordon the fire
personnel to the zone and ensure that no one strays into the fire zone or the
scene of emergency shopping mall. They would need to ensure that all vital assets
to assist in the such as documents are secured and no looting and at same
situation time direct SCDF to the fire scene. Last but not least, they
would also need to conduct crowd control and direct traffic
control to ensure that pathways to the fire scene are not
obstructed and rescue efforts not being impeded.
Requesting for OCC personnel would use Emergency Contact List and need
emergency to notify relevant authorities immediately in an event of a fire
assistance to the after been confirmed by security personnel or manager on site.
scene of emergency They are the SCDF, SPF and ambulance services. Delayed
(internal and communication would lead to uncontrolled fire situation, further
external resources): loss of lives and damage to property.
4.2. Activate Emergency Response Team and Emergency Response plan

Activation of ERT and FEP is critical in the event of an outbreak fire. The ERT
personnel would take charge of their areas of responsibilities and execute them which
would stabilise the situation accordingly. The fire emergency should be managed
according to the FEP. This is important because it leads all personnel to be clear of the
steps involved, which would not lead to confusion or duplication of roles.
Chart 3. Fire Emergency Plan Flowchart for Romeo Shopping Mall

Table 3 Procedure of Fire Emergency Plan
 Fire Alarm Activate When a fire is sighted, the person witnessing it should raise
the alarm by activating the nearest fire alarm “Break Glass”
call point. This is to ensure that the Operation Command
Centre (OCC) and the people in the shopping mall are
aware that there is an outbreak of fire.
 Isolate and Silence Upon hearing the alarm, the personnel in the OCC will
 Identify Zone proceed to isolate and silence the fire alarm within a time
 Send a security period of one minute. They will then refer to the main alarm
officer to the fire panel which will indicate the floor on which the alarm has
scene. been activated. They will also refer to the floor sub panel
which will indicate the floor zone at which the alarm has
been activated. They would send a security officer to the fire
scene.
 Contact DECAMS After which, they will inform DECAMS that the fire alarm has
 Make been activated and the situation will be investigated. Then
Announcement they will make SCDF Standard Announcement Text 1
Text 1 through the PA System twice. By then, the OCC personnel
 Investigate Cause would have dispatched the Security Officer to the fire scene.
If it is a false alarm which means there is no outbreak of fire,
OCC personnel should inform DECAMS everything is OK
and make SCDF Standard Announcement Text 4 through
the PA system twice “ False Alarm and Business as Normal”
 Activate ERT If a fire is sighted at the scene, the security officer should
 Attempt to kill fire alert OCC who will then notify the key personnel to contact
in the event of fire and also activate the ERT. The response
personnel from the ERT will attempt to extinguish the fire by
operating the fire extinguishers. They will by all means
prevent the escalation of a minor or major fire emergency.
 Raise Alarm if fire is If they are not able to contain the fire, they will inform the
uncontrollable OCC personnel who will raise the fire alarm and inform the
 Contact SCDF SCDF.
 Execute ERP-FEP Immediately after which, they will execute the Fire
 Make Emergency Plan (FEP) which is part of the ERP and make
Announcement SCDF Standard Announcement Text 2 “Fire and Evacuation
Text 2 Required” through the PA System twice for evacuation
purposes. It should be noted that evacuation should only be
executed after the SIC have obtained the permission from
the SMC (Chairman). During evacuation, the fire wardens

should station themselves at selective locations to guide all
to the nearest emergency escape exits.
 Evacuate to AA Kindly note that the assemble area is the open space beside
the Open air Public Carpark. There is an alternative
assembly area 100 meters away from the shopping mall. If
the fire spreads to the bushes around the shopping mall and
gets out of control, the alternative assembly area would be
the next option. Refer to Annex A.
At the assembly area, the fire wardens should do a

headcount to ensure that no one is left behind and to
account for all. They would need to formulate a search if
anyone is reported missing.
During this period, when authorities such as the SCDF and

SPF personnel and the ambulance services arrive to the fire
scene, the security officers need to ensure that the pathway
leading to the fire scene is not obstructed and that they are
directed to the fire scene. The SIC should update them on
the actions taken, current situation, the number of
causalities, location of causalities, the number of missing
people and other relevant information.
 Documentation of At end of the fire emergency, an incident report should be

Incident Report and documented and After Action Review (AAR) done for future
AAR references such as on how to minimize incidents of fire in
future.
In order to test out the procedures of FEP, it will be useful to

have silent hour’s drills which means night drills with the
authorities and ERT. That will be helpful to improve the
procedures if need to be.
4.3. Emergency Contact List
In an event of outbreak of fire, it important to contact the ERT personnel. Their contact
details should be periodically updated and noted in the Emergency Contact List. There
should not be a case whereby the personnel is not contactable because his or her
contact details are not updated. I have tabulated an Emergency Contact List whereby all
the contact details of the ERT are listed and updated. Please refer to the below
mentioned diagram.

Table 1. Details of ERT’s Key Personnel Contact No.
Key Personnel Function Headcoun During After

t office hours officer
hours
SMC
Chairman Make decision during 1 61234501 91234501
crisis
Assistant Alternate SMC 1 61234502 91234502
Chairman
SIC
Security Manager Coordinate ERT 1 61234503 91234503
Assistant Security Alternate SIC 1 61234504 91234504
Manager
Support
HR Manager Matters relating to 1 61234505 91234505
employees
Public Relations Matters to relating to 1 61234506 91234506
manger communications
IT Manager Matters relating to IT 1 61234507 91234507
Finance Manager Matters relating to 1 61234508 91234508
financial matters
Legal Consultant Matters relating to 1 61234509 91234509
legal matters
Safety
Fire Safety Matters relating to 1 61234510 91234510
Manager evacuation.
OCC
Coordinator Matters relating to 1 61234511 91234511
Operations Control
Centre
Response
In Charge: Fire Matters relating to 4 61234512 91234512
Fighter response to fire 91239113
outbreak 45014514
91234515
In Charge: First Aid Matters relating to first 4 61234513 91234516

aid 91239117
45014518
91234519

Security
Security Executive Matters relating to 5 61234514 91234520
security 91239121
45014522
91234523
Authorities
SCDF Fire & Ambulance 995
SPF Law & Order 999
Private Ambulance Non Critical Injury 1777
NEA Environment Issue 1800-2255
632
BCA Building 6334 2580
MOM Manpower, Health & 6438 5122
Safety
SP Services Gas & Electrical 1800-752
1800
4.4. Roles and responsibilities of Emergency Response Team (during fire

emergency)
Table 20. Roles and responsibilities of Emergency Response Team (during fire
emergency).
Key Personnel Roles & Responsibilities of ERT
ERT personnel Activate the fire alarm and announce the SCDF Standard
Announcement Text 2 through the PA system. They also play
the vital role as an information center whereby all updates of
coordinated efforts are directed to. Timely and updated
information will assist the SIC to make relevant decision in times
of a fire emergency.
Operation Command Activate the fire alarm and announce the SCDF Standard
Centre (OCC) Announcement Text 2 through the PA system. They also play
the vital role as an information center whereby all updates of
coordinated efforts are directed to. Timely and updated
information will assist the SIC to make relevant decision in times
of a fire emergency.
Coordinators in OCC Ensure that the relevant authorities such as the SCDF and SPF
are notified in the event of fire and casualties are reported to
SCDF. They also have to update the current status of the fire
emergency and casualty’s rate to the SCDF so that they can

take appropriate actions.
Fire Wardens Facilitate a smooth evacuation with minimum loss of life in an

event of fire. Their responsibilities consists of guiding all to the
nearest emergency escape routes, to ensure that no one is left
behind, in room and toilets, and to account for all. They would
need to formulate a search if anyone is reported missing. Their
duties also entails of inspecting the shopping mall to note for fire
safety lapses such as the improper storage of dangerous
chemicals, obstruction to emergency escape routes, faulty exit
lights etc.
Security personnel Secure the shopping mall and assist authorities. They would be
responsible to safeguard assets, prevention of looting through
the means of cordoning the fire scene, directing the authorities
to the fire scene and conduct crowd and traffic control. They
must ensure passageway of vehicles cleared and assessable.
Firefighting Team Minimize the outbreak of a major fire. Once a fire is spotted, they
are to don suit and equipment wear their firefighting suits,
operate equipment such as the fire extinguisher to extinguish a
fire and to contain a fire to their best ability before the arrival of
SCDF officers. While fighting the fire, they should take
precaution by standing behind an exit when extinguishing the
fire. This is ensure that they are able to escape if they are
unable to contain the fire.
4.5. Dealing with injuries and casualties
Attending the injured and causalities is important as improper handling of them could
result in deaths and ill feelings from their loved ones and the public which will have a
negative impact on the shopping mall’s image and the capability to handle a fire
emergency. The following areas to take note so that the injured and casualties are
taken care of with utmost importance.
Table 21. Dealing with injuries and casualties
First aid First aid would be provided to those with minor injuries so that
their injuries are being attended to. It also to ensure that the
minor injuries do not become into major injuries.
The police and The police and hospitals should be notified of the number of
hospitals injured people and causalities so that they can carry out their

responsibilities. The police would be able to trace their families
to inform them as well. The hospitals would send an ambulance
be to render immediate first aid.
Families of the The families of the injured and casualties should be notified so
injured and that they can render possible assistance and emotional support
casualties to them. It is also their right to know the condition of their loved
ones. The HR should take the role to announce to family.
Emotional support & Emotional support and counselling would need to be provided to
counselling them prior to the arrival of the medical team. This is to ensure
their emotional well-being since a fire incident could create
traumatic effects upon them.
4.6. Coordinating with the Authorities
In the context of a fire emergency, coordination efforts with the authorities is important
as they play a crucial role. They are as follows:
 Contacting SCDF and SPF are critical as the authorities plays a crucial role with
their fire or incident investigation expertise. In addition, proper coordination would
lead to swift and effective rescue efforts such as minimising the number of
casualties and ensuring the safety of victims. Basically by contacting the
authorities and purpose by informing them will help the effort. Therefore, all
relevant authorities need to be informed of the fire emergency which are the
SPF, SCDF etc. Upon their arrival, they would need to be updated on the
number of causalities, those provided with first aid and the hospitalised during
the fire emergency.
 Ensure coordination with authorities to alert the families of those injured and
keep in constant contact with them to ensure their well-being and render the
necessary support. Keep the ERT personnel in the loop while updating the
authorities. This is ensure that the ERT personnel are aware of all information
when they execute their roles and responsibilities. The HR must take up this role
by setting up the crisis room to do the briefing and counselling.
 To additional to that, authorities should also be updated on the actions taken on

minor or major emergency or getting bigger, latest situation and the severity of
the emergency so that the next step of appropriate action can be taken. The
updates should entail the evacuation status, missing people, whether the fire is
under control etc.
4.7. Rescue effort procedures

When executing rescue efforts procedures, a number of factors must be taken into
consideration. This is to ensure that it is done efficiently and that it does not result in
legal liabilities. There are a few factors which are important and they are the following:
Table 22. Rescue effort procedures
Coordinating rescue Coordination with authorities such as SCDF and the SPF is
efforts are in the line needed as this is ensure that the rescue efforts do not fail due to
with the authorities lack of expertise and support. You may fire and incident trained
but they have more qualified and they can do a better job due
their support and expertise.
Rescue efforts to be For example, the SM has the right to evict the shoppers from the
executed within one’s shopping mall (within our perimeter) when there is a fire
legal boundaries and emergency. However, he does not have the right to ask a
limits of authority member of public, gathering outside the fire incident site (public
road etc.) to leave the area.
Rescue efforts are For example, it could be the number of breathing masks, fire
carried out within extinguishers or available manpower. This is to ensure that the
available resources relevant personnel are well-equipped to execute the rescue
efforts. That means no panic during the crisis and availability an
functionality of the item,
Rescue efforts need For example, while executing rescue efforts, if it is assessed to
to take into account be safe for some shops to operate in the shopping mall, then
the continuity of they should be allowed to continue their business. However, this
business operations has to be cleared by the authorities such as SCDF or SPF etc.
This decision should be approved by chairman unless
intervention by local authorities. SCDF or SPF will have the
final say as they are the laws.
4.8. Emergency Management Techniques
Application of appropriate emergency techniques are essential when dealing with a fire
emergency. This is to ensure that the situation does not turn chaotic, is under control
and stabilises as soon as possible. The emergency management techniques are as
follows:
Table 22. Rescue effort procedures

Adopt investigate Adopting investigative approach as a post emergency activity is
approach as a post critical. Documentation of an incident report, gathering
emergency activity information from relevant people such as the witnesses,
documentation of an AAR are some of the activities that should
be executed. The purpose of the investigative approach is to
investigate the root cause of the fire, inform the authorities if
necessary, minimize the recurrence of fire and to enhance future
coordination efforts. Example if there is a cigarette make fire,
then recommend preventive measures by placing a “no smoking
signs” at fire prone areas and norm smoking areas and locate a
designated smoking areas for the smokers in the shopping mall.
Showing leadership Good display of leadership skills are also important such as
in managing the directing personnel on duties, supervising their allocated tasks,
situation problem solving in the midst of difficult situations or monitoring
the situation whereby making adjustments are critical too.
Remaining calm ERT members need to remain calm when dealing with any type
when dealing with of fire emergencies.
the minor / major
emergencies
Communicating with Communicating with relevant stakeholders such as the ERT

relevant personnel personnel, authorities or public is essential. Finally, to adopt an
including members investigative approach as a post emergency activity is important.
and the authorities

PART 5
POST EMERGENCY
PROCEDURAL PLAN
(SE-SO-413E-0)
July 30, 2015

It is an important task to ensure that post emergencies activities are carried out in
accordance to organisational policies and procedures to induce investigative review and
follow up actions to prevent recurrence of similar incidents. Prepare a Post Emergency
Procedural Plan with the following:
5.1. Procedures for access control and gaining entry to the scene of incident
5.2. Procedures for conduct of investigations
5.3. Procedures for gathering information
5.4. Procedures for communication and coordination
5.5. Procedures for investigative support
5.6. Procedures for updating and assisting Emergency Response Team

5.1. Procedures for access control and gaining entry to the scene of incident
In the aftermath of a fire emergency, it is important or critical that the area is cordoned
and only authorised personnel are allowed to enter the scene to conduct investigations,
rescue and gathering of evidence. This is also to ensure that forensic evidence is not
tempered with and to prevent further damage by anti-social elements such as an act of
restarting the fire.
To ensure that only authorised personnel are allowed into the fire scene, there should
be a verification process whereby only personnel from the emergency contact list are
able to enter the scene. This is called access control. Moreover, a request would need
to be made politely for their ID cards to verify their identities. For example, if a
gentleman states that he is a police officer and wants to enter the fire scene, his ID card
should be requested to verify his identity. If he in his SPF uniform, do not need for his
identification card. If still in doubt of his identity, refer him to the SIC.
5.2. Procedures for conduct of investigations
After a fire incident, certain steps of investigations need to be adhered to, so that the
outcome of the investigation is accurate and helpful in course of future investigation and
conclusion of the fire emergency.
Table 23. Procedures for conduct of investigations
Reviewing CCTV Review the CCTV to detect suspicious activities such as

systems to detect someone loitering with a tin of kerosene or container nearby the
suspicious activities fire scene, prior to the outbreak of fire. If such activities are
detected, then the relevant footage should be captured and
downloaded to be sent to the authorities for investigation
purposes.
Interviewing people Need to interview the people who have witnessed the fire or
who witness the affected by the fire such as tenants whose shops have been
incident damaged in the shopping mall. They could be employees,
shoppers or tenants who can provide relevant and accurate
documentation of events.
Conducting site The fire scene should be cordoned to preserve the scene so that
assessment to comb evidence or hazards such as inflammable materials can be
for evidence or detected and isolated. Only authorized personnel should be
hazards: allowed into the fire scene. If evidence is found, they should be
preserved and pictures taken for further investigation purposes.

And an incident report should be documented. AND put on
documentation report
Interviewing Need to interview the management and employees, staff,

management and security personnel on scene and fire fighter, who are affected by
employees who are the fire incident. They should be provided with immediate
affected services such as counselling if needed.
5.3. Procedures for gathering information
There are some prescribed methods of questioning techniques which assist in gathering
information about the fire so that the investigation personnel do not lead witnesses to
provide non-factual information. Information gathered must be at all-time be accurate as
possible. The following are methods used in gathering information:
Table 17. Preparation of incident report
What is the nature In this case, the nature is fire and classification means whether
and classification of it is a minor or major fire emergency.
the emergency?
When did the Date and Time of the fire. Once such details are confirmed,
incident start? monitoring of the CCTV footages can be narrowed and
interviewing of witnesses will be efficient.
Where was the Location of the fire should be established so that extra
location of the precaution can be taken in the future to prevent fires in the
incident? same or similar locations.
Are there any If there are, then appropriate follow up actions could be taken
victims or causalities by the management such as compensation, further medical
from the incident? treatment, etc. If the injured by public may sue the shopping
mall while employee will be compensated/
Why and How did Need to establish whether the fire started because of
the incident start? deliberate, accidental or natural threats so that to implement
preventive measures and to report to the authorities.
How was the This information is crucial so that incidents of lapse of actions
incident handled? could be promptly identified and avoided in future fire
emergencies. That’s means if poorly handled we can identified
and improving.

How can the With collation of valid information, it will be beneficial to
incident be conduct table top exercise with various stakeholders to discuss
prevented in future? future fire preventions. Such information should also be
documented in the incident report.
Table 18. Sample of incident report
Rome Shopping Mall
Date and time of interview:

Wednesday 01 July 2015 1400hr
Name and contact details of person:

Noor Azhar Mohmud and H: 97997740/ E: nam1973@gmail.com
Relation to Romeo Shopping Mall (Employee, tenant etc.):

Tenant
Date and time of the outbreak of fire:

Thursday 25 June 2015 1400hr
Where did the fire started?

Romeo Shopping Mall 1st Level Staircase C
Status of fire when you witnessed it (Minor or Major):

Minor. Cartoon of paper boxes caught fire due to lighted citrate butts
Any damage to property or lives at the point of witnessing:

Black burnt wall to be cleaned and painted.
Your involvement at the fire scene (for example; attempt to break the call point or
extinguish the fire, rescue efforts etc.):
Call OCC and inform nearby security officer

Any other people at the fire scene and if there were, who were they and what they
were doing:
Some guys just walked away.
How can the incident be prevented in future?

No collection of cartoon boxes to be placed in staircase and predesignated to proper
storage area.
No smoking in staircase and provide designated smoking area. “No Smoking” signs
shall be placed in the prone areas.
Any other information:

Nil.
5.4. Procedures for communication and coordination
In a post fire emergency scene, there should procedures in place for clear
communication and holistic coordination efforts. The procedures includes the following:
Table 24. Procedures for communication and coordination
Information for An incident report should be documented and updates of the

reporting to post fire situation should be relayed to various stakeholders such
management and as the Chairman and departments such as Security, Human
stakeholders Resources, Finance, Information Technology, Legal and Public
Relations etc. If the need arises, ERT personnel will also be
required to conduct briefings or presentation type of format to
the management and stakeholders.
Gather information Authorities such as the SPF and SCDF need to be updated with
for the authorities information such as details of date, time and location of incident,
particulars of people involved such as the ERT personnel or
public whom assisted in the rescue efforts, the number of
causalities, recorded statements and particulars of witnesses,

types of injuries regardless minor or major, hazardous areas
such as inflammable material storage room, evidence such as
CCTV footage or on site evidence such as forceful entry of door
and fire starters such as petrol cans. Therefore, such information
would need to be collated.
Information to enable All queries relating to the fire emergency should be directed to
authorized the Public Relations Manager (PRM). No employee should
spokesperson to use comment without the approval of the manager. This to ensure
for managing that consistent and relevant information to regards to the fire is
emergencies communicated to the public and media. This is also to ensure
that the image and integrity of Romeo Shopping Mall is not
compromised under any circumstances. He need to control the
info as he need to guide company image and chairman.
5.5. Procedures for investigative support
In a post fire incident, investigative support need to be rendered to the ERT and the
authorities to ensure smooth and efficient process of investigation. Key critical areas are
noted in the following.
Table 25. Procedures for investigative support
Preventing There should not be obstruction such as crowding of public

bystanders from around the fire scene. Therefore, security officers are to provide
crowding around crowd control services and access control services which means
emergency scene that only authorized personnel are allowed to enter the fire
scene.
Preserving the Non manipulation and preservation of the fire scene by taking
evidences of the note of evidence in the fire scene, isolating them, taking pictures
scene of emergency and notifying the authorities. This is preserving the evidence,
Collecting Collation of evidence from victims or witnesses with their

information and particulars and contact details documented and CCTV footages
evidences of the of suspicious acts and so on related to Romeo shopping mall.
situation
Cordoning the The fire scene should be cordoned with cordon tapes or
incident site barricades with clear signage of non-entry and access control.
This is to ensure that non authorized personnel do not enter the
fire scene. Security officers should be deployed to ensure
compliance.

5.6. Procedures for updating and assisting Emergency Response Team
In a post fire emergency situation, the ERT should be updated of the situation and well
supported to ensure the safety and well-being of employees. As employed staff of the
Romeo shopping mall, affected employees require the utmost attention and support.
Critical procedural steps in terms of supporting the ERT are as follows:
Table 26. Procedures for updating and assisting Emergency Response Team
Updating emergency The ERT personnel should be updated of the post fire
response personnel emergency through the means of emails, incident reports and
on status of meetings. This to ensure that all personnel are on the same
emergency page and the appropriate actions can be decided and
implemented. And conduct briefing or presentation to the
management for update.
Assist in resuming This also helps to resume business operations. In addition to

business operations resume business operations in the shopping mall, relevant
as quickly as support should be provided to the tenants such as assistance in
possible clearance of debris, renovation of shops or alternate shop
spaces for damaged shops. And coordination with various
departments would be need to be executed so that all can
support one another to normalize business operations. If not,
company can be bankrupt. At least covered by contractor for the
fire scene so business can be back to normal operation.
Assisting in Injured employees should be evacuated from the fire scene.

evacuating Means of support such as stretchers, wheel chairs, crutches or
employees to new carrying them, should be used. Vehicles such as ambulances
premises should be located nearby and without obstruction. Clear
instructions and signage should be utilized to direct them to the
ambulance scene. At least a temporary site to be ready such as
triage area
Clearing emergency The fire scene should be cleared immediately after the
scene once investigation of authorities completed. Non authorized personnel
authorities have should be asked to leave the scene, the fire scene should be
conducted cordoned, danger signs should be displayed clearly and security
investigations officers should standby at the fire scene for access control
purposes. We need to do a lot of work until all rectified.
Provide counselling Post trauma counselling services should be arranged for them

to employees and and others such as their family members for recovery purposes.
their family members Trained counsellors and private rooms with therapeutic effect
should be used. Once they arrive, they should be directed to the
counselling rooms without delay. And make sure they arrive
away from the scene and passing through the fire scene as this
could minimize the sadness.

Annex 1 - Site Layout Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall

Annex 2 - Floor Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall (Individual level representative)

Annex 3 - Recommendations made for Site Layout Plan and Floor Plan of Romeo
Shopping Mall
Recommendations made for Floor Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall (Individual level
representative):
 Proposed locations of call points and fire extinguishers outside the shop
premises of 01-04 and 01-11.
 Proposed locations of CCTV(s) at the four corners of the floor.
Recommendations made for Site Layout Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall:
 Proposed evacuation route to AA through the front entrance of building.
 Proposed evacuation route to AA Alternate through the side entrance of building.
 Proposed evacuation route to AA Alternate through the back entrance of building.

DIPLOMA IN SECURITY MANAGEMENT
Project Assignment Declaration
Module Name: Manage Security Emergencies
Module Code: SE-SO-413E-0
Candidate Name: Noor Azhar Mohmud
NRIC: S 7331468-B
Date of Submission: 30th July 2015
Date of Interview: 6th August 2015
Declaration:
I, Noor Azhar Mohmud, NRIC: S 7331468-B, Project work assignment is my own effort and
that it is not the work of others whom I have copied or whose services I have rendered to
complete this assignment. I understand the consequences of plagiarism and NTUC L-HUB has
every right to disqualify my submission if I am found to be untruthful in my declaration.
Signature: ____________________ Date: __________________

MSE (Polwel) Nam Rev.01

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DIPLOMA IN SECURITY MANAGEMENT

Manage Security Emergencies

3. PART 1 - Emergency Response Team 4

4. PART 2 - Emergency Response Plan 15

5. PART 3 - Operations Report - Minor Emergencies 24

6. PART 4 - Operations Report - Major Emergencies 33

7. PART 5 - Post Emergency Procedural Plan 45

8. Annex 1 - Site Plan 54

9. Annex 2 - Shopping Complex and Hotel Layout 55

10. Annex 3 - Recommendations made for Site Layout Plan and 56

Floor Plan of Romeo Shopping Mall

11. Learner’s Declaration 57

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 1 | P a g e

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 2 | P a g e

Romeo Shopping Mall is a 4 stores building and at 2500m2, it accommodates 14

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 3 | P a g e

July 30, 2015

Prepared by: Noor Azhar Mohmud

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 4 | P a g e

1.1. Structure of Emergency Response Team

1.2. Key personnel of Emergency Response Team

1.3. Roles and Responsibilities of Team members

1.4. Procedures for Emergency Response Plan

1.5. Training required for Emergency Response Team

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 5 | P a g e

Chart 1. Structure of Emergency Response Team- Rome Shopping Mall

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 6 | P a g e

Chart 2. Key personnel of Emergency Response Team- Rome Shopping Mall

1.3. Roles and Responsibilities of Team members

Table 1. Details of ERT’s Key Personnel Contact No.

Key Personnel Function Headcoun During After

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 7 | P a g e

In Charge: First Aid Matters relating to first 4 61234513 91234516

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 8 | P a g e

Table 2. Roles and Responsible of ERT’s Key Personnel

Key Personnel Roles and Responsibilities

SMC Chairman will make decision during a crisis. An example would

SIC Security Manager coordinate the team efforts to stabilize the

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 9 | P a g e

IT personnel Ensure the speedy recovery of the IT systems so that it works as

Coordinators OCC is to coordinate the efforts with various stakeholders and to

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 10 | P a g e

Chart 3. Fire Emergency Plan Flowchart for Romeo Shopping Mall

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 12 | P a g e

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 13 | P a g e

At the assembly area, the fire wardens should do a

During this period, when authorities such as the SCDF and

 Documentation of At end of the fire emergency, an incident report should be

In order to test out the procedures of FEP, it will be useful to

1.5. Training required for Emergency Response Team

Table 4 Training required for ERT

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 14 | P a g e

Practising Fire emergency drills should be conducted at least twice a

Awareness of the This is critical. To state an example, if a person knows the

Practising Annual joint exercises with authorities such as the SCDF,

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 15 | P a g e

July 30, 2015

Prepared by: Noor Azhar Mohmud

Diploma in Security Management (MSE) CONFIDENTIAL 16 | P a g e

2.1. Purpose of the Plan

2.2. Key Areas to address and importance of the plan

2.3. Familiarisation of Plan

2.4. Classification of Emergencies – Minor and Major (characteristics and examples)