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Learning Module for General Mathematics

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

GENERAL MATHEMATICS

Quarter 1 Week 2 Module 3

Learning Competency:

Distinguishes rational function, rational equation, and rational

inequality. MG11M-Ib-2

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Learning Module for General Mathematics

HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will disturb
you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below to
successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in every page
of this module.

2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing

enhances learning, that is important to develop and keep in mind.

3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.

4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer

key card.

5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.

6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

• Expectations - These are what you will be able to know after completing
the lessons in the module.
• Pre-test - This will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to be
mastered throughout the lesson.
• Looking Back to your Lesson - This section will measure what learnings
and skills did you understand from the previous lesson.
• Brief Introduction- This section will give you an overview of the lesson.
• Activities - This is a set of activities you will perform with a partner.
• Remember - This section summarizes the concepts and applications of
the lessons.
• Check your Understanding - It will verify how you learned from the lesson.
• Post-test - This will measure how much you have learned from the entire
module.

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Learning Module for General Mathematics

LESSON Rational Function, Rational Equation

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and Rational Inequality

EXPECTATIONS

You will distinguish rational function, rational equation, and rational

inequality
Specifically, this module will help you to:
 Define rational function, rational equation, rational inequality and
rational expression;
 Determine which is rational function, rational equation and rational
inequality; and
 Distinguish rational function, rational equation, and rational
inequality.
Let us start your journey in
learning more on rational equations
PRETEST and inequalities. I am sure you are
ready and excited to answer the
Pretest. Smile and Enjoy!

Analyze the following questions. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following terms define as an equation involving rational
expression?
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality
3𝑥𝑥−10 4
2. The expression > is an example of.
𝑥𝑥+4 9
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality
3. Which of the following is NOT a rational function?
𝑥𝑥+4 3𝑥𝑥−6 𝑥𝑥 2 +5 3−4𝑥𝑥 2
A. =5 B. 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = C, 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = D. 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = 2+5x
3 4+5𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥−1
4. Which of the following terms define as the quotient of two polynomials?
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality
10𝑥𝑥+3 3𝑥𝑥
5. The expression 7 − = is an example of.
𝑥𝑥+6 8
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality

Great, you finished answering the

questions. You may request your
facilitator to check your work.
2 Congratulations and keep on learning!
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Learning Module for General Mathematics

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Before going further, let us try to recall about rational expression. A rational

expression is an expression that can be written as a quotient of two polynomials

𝟑𝟑 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟐𝟐+𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓+𝟏𝟏 𝟕𝟕
(e.g. , , 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 ). A polynomial is an expression consisting of term or a
𝒙𝒙 𝒙𝒙+𝟏𝟏 𝒙𝒙−𝟓𝟓

sum of signed terms in which all variables have positive exponents (e.g. −𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟐 ,

𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂𝒂 𝒂𝒂𝟑𝟑 + 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 𝒃𝒃 + 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 + 𝒃𝒃𝟑𝟑 ). The −𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟐𝟐 has only one term in which 𝑥𝑥 has

exponent 1 and 𝑦𝑦 has exponent 2. Meanwhile, 𝒙𝒙 + 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐 has two terms. Also, 𝒂𝒂𝟑𝟑 +

𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 𝒃𝒃 + 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟐𝟐 + 𝒃𝒃𝟑𝟑 has 4 terms.

Determine the number of terms in the given expression.

5𝑥𝑥
5𝑥𝑥 0 2. 3𝑥𝑥 3 + 2𝑥𝑥 − 1 3. 2𝑥𝑥 − 𝑦𝑦 4.
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BRIEF INTRODUCTION

A rational equation is an equation involving rational expressions

𝟓𝟓 𝟑𝟑 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏
(e.g. − = ). A rational inequality is an inequality involving rational
𝒙𝒙 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟐𝟐+𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓+𝟏𝟏 𝟑𝟑 𝑷𝑷(𝒙𝒙)
expressions (e.g. ≥ ). A rational function of the form 𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) =
𝒙𝒙+𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒+𝟓𝟓 𝑸𝑸(𝒙𝒙)

where 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) are polynomial function and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) is not the zero function
𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟒𝟐𝟐+𝟓𝟓𝟓𝟓+𝟏𝟏
(𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) ≠ 0) (e.g. 𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = ).
𝒙𝒙+𝟏𝟏

Example. Determine whether the given is a rational function, a rational

equation, or rational inequality or none of these.

3+𝑥𝑥
(a) =9 (Rational Equation)
𝑥𝑥−1
5𝑥𝑥+1
(b) 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 9 − (Rational Function)
𝑥𝑥 𝟐𝟐 −3
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(c) 4𝑥𝑥 ≤ (Rational Inequality)
3𝑥𝑥+5
(d) 5𝑥𝑥 ≤ √6𝑥𝑥 + 3 (None of these)
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Learning Module for General Mathematics

ACTIVITIES

Activity 1. Given the following expression, decide whether each is a rational

function, a rational equation, and a rational inequality or none of these.

𝑥𝑥 2 +5
1. 𝑦𝑦 = 𝑥𝑥 2 + 2x + 1 2. 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 3. √𝑥𝑥 2 − 4 = 8
2𝑥𝑥−1

𝑥𝑥−3 3𝑥𝑥 3−4𝑥𝑥 2 9𝑥𝑥−13 5𝑥𝑥

4. ≥ 5. 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 6. =
5𝑥𝑥+1 1−4𝑥𝑥 2+5x 2x+4 𝑥𝑥+1

1
𝑥𝑥−7 2+𝑥𝑥 2𝑥𝑥 3 +5𝑥𝑥−4 2𝑥𝑥−2
7. 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = 8. ≥1 9. 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = 10. =7
√𝑥𝑥 3 −343 2−𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥−3 𝑥𝑥+4

Activity 2. TRUE or FALSE. Write TRUE if the statement is TRUE. If not, write
FALSE and give the correct answer.
1. A rational expression is an expression that can be written as a product of
two polynomials.
3𝑥𝑥−10 4
2. The expression > is an example of rational inequalities.
𝑥𝑥+4 9
𝑷𝑷(𝒙𝒙)
3. A rational function of the form (𝒙𝒙) = where 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) are
𝑸𝑸(𝒙𝒙)

polynomial function and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) is a zero function.

2𝑥𝑥−13 3𝑥𝑥
4. The expression = is an example of rational equation.
x+4 𝑥𝑥+1
𝑥𝑥 2 +5
5. The expression 𝑓𝑓(𝑥𝑥 ) = would become undefined if x value in the
2𝑥𝑥−1
1
denominator is equal to .
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Activity 3. Give your own example of the following (Do not copy paste other works).

1. Rational expression with three terms in the numerator and two terms in
the denominator.
2. Rational function having a denominator only one term.
3. Rational equation having same number of terms in both side of the
equation.
4. Rational inequality involving less than or equal symbol.
5. Rational function having both numerator and denominator same number
of terms.
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Learning Module for General Mathematics

REMEMBER

A rational equation is an equation involving rational expressions. A

rational inequality is an inequality involving rational expressions. A rational
𝑷𝑷(𝒙𝒙)
function of the form 𝒇𝒇(𝒙𝒙) = where 𝑃𝑃(𝑥𝑥) and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) are polynomial function
𝑸𝑸(𝒙𝒙)

and 𝑄𝑄(𝑥𝑥) is not the zero function.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING

Yes or No. Can a rational function, inequality, and equation be a merely

expressions?

POSTTEST

Read the questions carefully. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following terms define as a ratio of two polynomials?

A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality

3𝑥𝑥+4 2
2. The expression < is an example of.
𝑥𝑥−2 3
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality

3. Which of the following is a rational function?

𝑥𝑥+4 3𝑥𝑥−6 2𝑥𝑥+6 3−4𝑥𝑥 −2
A. =5 B. 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) = C, ≤ 0 D. 𝑓𝑓 (𝑥𝑥 ) =
3 4+5𝑥𝑥 𝑥𝑥=1 2+5x

4. Which of the following terms define as the quotient of two polynomials

functions where the denominator is not a zero function?
A. Rational expression B. Rational function
C. Rational equation D. Rational inequality

3 10𝑥𝑥+3
5. The expression −
4 𝑥𝑥+2
A. Rational expression
C. Rational equation
7𝑥𝑥
= is an example of.
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B. Rational function
D. Rational inequality

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Learning Module for General Mathematics

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Equality is one of the battle cries of the Gabriella Movement in

the Philippines founded in 1984. The Gabriella Movement “aspire for a
sovereign society free from foreign domination and intervention with a
self-reliant economy geared towards the people’s need and equal value
to the role of women in production; where land belongs to tillers and
recognizes women’s equal right to own land; a democratic government
where the people’s right – including women’s rights – are upheld,
respected and guaranteed and women’s political participation is
ensured and; a socio-cultural system that is devoid of patriarchal
values, gender oppression, discrimination, and violence”
(onebillionrising.org).

With the above statement, how would you assess the role of the
Filipino women in our society today? Give at least three pieces of
evidents of your claim towards the Filipino women’s role.

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Learning Module for General Mathematics

ANSWER KEY

PRETEST:
1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. C

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON:

1. 1 2. 3 3. 2 4. 1

ACTIVITIES:

Activity 1:

1. None of these 2. Rational Function 3. None of these

4. Rational Inequality 5. Rational Function 6. Rational Equation
7. None of these 8. Rational Inequality 9. None of these
10.Rational Equation

Activity 2:

1. False, Quotient 2. True

3. False, Not a Zero Function 4. True 5. True

Activity 3:

Answer may vary from one student to another.

CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING: Yes.

POSTTEST 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. C

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Learning Module for General Mathematics

E-SITES

To further explore the concept learned today and if it possible to connect the
internet, you may visit the following links:

https://www.ixl.com/math/precalculus

REFERENCES

DepEd. (2016). General Mathematics - Learner’s Material. Lexicon Press Inc.

Banigon Jr, R. et al. (2016). General Mathematics for Senior High School.
Educational Resources Corporation. Cubao, Quezon City.
Orines, F. B. (2016). Next Century Mathematics 11 General Mathematics. Phoenix
Publishing House.
Stewart, J., Redlin, L., & Watson, S., (2002). Precalculus Mathematics for
Calculus 4th. Brooks/Cole.

Acknowledgements

Writer: Lito B. Diaz – MT II

Editor: Dr. John Rainier Rizardo, Master Teacher II

Reviewer: Remylinda T. Soriano, EPS, Math

Angelita Z. Modesto, PSDS
George G. Borromeo, PSDS

Management Team: