Integrals THE DEFINITE INTEGRAL Let_f be a continuous funetion on the interval [2,6]. We divide the interval into subintervals af equal with de = 9=#. Let (0 b) be the endpoints of the subimervals, and we choose sample points x',2y',...x9' in these subintervals, so 25 ies in the subinterval [x1]. Then the definite integral from a ob is aa rere = tin Sreatyas he Be Gnea,= Fx) Ax Notes: + Notation: Thesymbo! [is caledimegral sign ett fo) bal ned au LEFT (m)= Ferg) Ax + PCR) Ax + Flan) AE Hot FEE) aE = DS Fa Aw Imegrale 87+ When spl points are th sight hnd enn ofthe ubinenals, ve hve ‘right-hand sum: hited? RIGHT(n) = FO) Ax + fs) Ae + f(xy) Av. flay) A = PR weesownarionwnnmte (Pa # the x x Lek Foo. * lek oA Sy Me ond deat * n Ya Yn Fin aN Th Riemam fa pee suey inn (pak): 2 Z_ Foon = x Gy = iS! (stan a 1 ae ; AQ eesieme f oa ; Lek goon, We edtimatt tite oe Ax20.28 a tape Lan Mint om ORSON S35 ts UD toa 5+ £ci29)x0.25+ FA'5)n0.25% 7 Ox me Ly) x 0% Fe noe we 0.36 earls 8PROPERTIES OF DEFINITE INTEGRALS. TF aand Darealnunbes, and / Ts wconinwosfncton es [1 a =- [re a Why? Te ee tyr rho wile qperSiins, atok , Axe Mut Ce bhea, Axe veenten . A Rcem ame fame fot (PAX Spree sate Fle Yue of Be ulanue Suma for Sy food Fa Keke al ona ed ei i Te ce ta) , He fauktt for Tad and BE Well wader oo padriten for Cae} The profiel, & tthe bus fer o7 at en lvcoune Sse ee Tf a, and are eal nmbers and Fand g ate continous funeons en ——~—SCS~*~*d Llreos ace |e = [09 dt Peo) ae We? Tee hur for the Retmcarme dames > [Foyt gah lox a Sadh ax oe S ihe pul Psu fellows Prom a he Laws 4 Smits. Iegrals 9TF ab, and ae al numbers and 1 a continuous Faneton then Leto de = ef fe ae Way? frgaum, ad oun Gor Riemaryas Suan = ckadyax = ¢ 2 Fad) bx pas Bates fe ‘Gels fame Obpplyrakows a Apply integration properties to find the following integrals: Esra = dx + af he Wir 2 Go) Corcrrticotla) = 52 £.2,Q00sx-3sins) de - 2h etn a “aude wp unton and mefayeM frases Then ido) he Ped = fe Therefore (x)= f(x). If F is another anideivative of f then they must differ by @ Fx foo- FD) [avo 6s gor Integrals =O 2So g(a) = x) +. Thus, we have Jou = Jose rom | =8(0)-s(a) 7 =[reate]- [Frc]. F- Fey Note: We usually represent RW) Fla)as [ROL or Fen We use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to find definite imegrals: We find an antderivative ofthe integrand, evaluate atthe ends and subtract. RQ Find the following definite integrals + fea = ¢ A) dx Inegras %Another version of the Fundamental Theorem of Caleulus In the proof above we found that if g(s)= we have the following for a continuous function [Fer de thes g'(x) = (8), In other words, 4 [wa] ro g Find the following derivatives als E [ftsar a= = (Ste saeas) how Wao fc =o ou. =o (ve switde 5 ee = Sime x OK 2 = Bsmoh 2x- WA a0) me of Fra- ob (erar + | vende a ae Mie oS ask aa (cm, Bride ly <3 ( Cisar)ag +449 hom Uke AT Sut c_Omd A= CEN =~ Yuh x coac + Tut (smiax) owe Yomion — oun Teter Intcgris oyINTERPRETATIONS OF THE DEFINITE INTEGRAL ‘The definite integral as an area ‘When f(a) isa positive fuetion and a lek wed-x, so dine 2nd et ret fea Was m= 0)) uel \ ae, uEh Se Seow Mat De ls \es | \ a Find fein ax-+1) a, Lek us2xtt, te dustdx ( svi (2a) dee i Sime Ldn = 4 Geo) FO a bos (ami) + G Ce ‘Trigonometric integrals AQ tins fava { suiPscdce J swic suite de - = Q sui a Creataax = [swine - {sw core dx lekucemx = BK — faces re Ao diner Bot 5 = txt bur Fe cafe 2. — come +¥ ors +C, negra 7AR Ft finzcrss de. Lake tea, Se d-—Svinede (suaconedns Ju Cdn) e-Lar 4c, CEM z osx $C, CHR Find J sin? x de. ca) = \-Psuie Q vif ws so suitxe {\sutacace 4 , Ce eased) a L (x43 cui (ee) FC x- 4 Svalex) $e, Cate = ‘Trigonmetric substitutions AR nt PF a Lub as Boviu 50 dx=Seouda Whi =o aed), war = AF (444 wes)dn : 4 (m+ Loi com) | 7 2 (4-0) -%5 BQ vm foe Lek x= Swi 50 dere Ord sin'x 4c, CER Wik oe wale Ot puown tous(CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2 teenie wed ten [Hay dre0, 2 tower Pose flora frencaton 4 meer fpoyaes [fede 5 Tmeortaie? fond = [fod 6. Twweor false? Anantiderivativeof 1 is In| x] In2, 7. Trex false? An antiderivative of e°* 8 Thueor false? An atdeivativeof WIFI is 2er4)¥? 9. Trwcor fase? [sind ison atidrivaive of sins) so, tear [asain ee. egal 109Invgrats ho