BMS1021 PASS – Week 10

Learning objectives:
● Understand and appreciate various forms of osmotic regulation and waste excretion
● Understand the importance of the immune system and vaccinations
● Describe the features of the innate and adaptive immune systems
● Compare B cell and T cell receptors

MCQ:
1) Which of the following is true?
a. Diffusion is the passive movement of solutes from regions of low concentration to regions
of high concentration
b. High osmolarity = a high concentration of water
c. Plant cells lyse in hypotonic solution
d. Animal cells are crenated in hypertonic solution
2) Osmoconformers:
a. Use energy to adjust their internal solute concentration
b. Passively adjust their internal solute concentration
c. Do not adjust their internal solute concentration
d. Use osmosis to absorb solutes from the environment
3) Which is correct of tubular excretory systems?
a. Filtration > Reabsorption > Secretion > Excretion
b. Filtration > Reabsorption > Excretion > Secretion
c. Excretion > Filtration > Reabsorption > Secretion
d. Filtration > Secretion > Reabsorption > Excretion
4) What disease has now been eradicated through vaccinations?
a. Smallpox
b. Measles
c. Tetanus
d. Hepatitis B
5) Which of the following correctly matches the type of vaccine with what is in it?
a. Attenuated - a modified component of the pathogen
b. Heat-killed - the dead pathogen
c. Recombinant - one of the proteins produced by the pathogen
d. Toxin - a live but non-pathogenic strain
6) Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?
a. Type 1 diabetes
b. Heart disease
c. Multiple sclerosis
d. Rheumatoid arthritis
7) Antibodies:
a. Recognise protein in the groove of MHC class I.
b. Release granzymes and perforin, inducing cell death.
c. Migrate to the lymph node via the afferent lymphatic vessel.
d. Can bind to toxins to prevent cell entry.
8) Which of the following characteristics applies to the innate immune system?
a. Generates memory
b. Involves lymphocytes
c. Cells originate in the thymus
d. Response develops quickly
9) B cell receptors:
a. Contains 1 antigen binding site
b. Contains alpha and beta chains
c. Made of 4 protein chains
d. Can bind 2 different antigens

Ashley.fuller@monash.edu
BMS1021 PASS – Week 10

Short Answer:

1) What is the role of cytotoxic (CD8) T-Cells in apoptosis?

2) Compare and contrast gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

3) How do we know that the immune system is important? Use an example to illustrate.

4) What was the first vaccine ever made and what observation lead to its development?

5) What are antibody isotypes and where might each type be found in the body?

Ashley.fuller@monash.edu
BMS1021 PASS – Week 10

6) Illustrate the association between pathogen, antigen presenting cell, T cell and B cell.

7) Fill in the following table outlining the main characteristics of the innate and adaptive immune
systems:

INNATE ADAPTIVE

Time taken for

response to develop

Memory generation

Cells / components
involved

Where do these cells

originate?

8) What are the differences between a B cell receptor and a T cell receptor? Draw and describe the
structures of each.

Extension:
1) Explain where cells of immune system arise from. Include a labelled diagram, indicating which cell
are part of the innate and adaptive immune systems.

Ashley.fuller@monash.edu